933
934
935 /platform/i86pc/kernel/$ISADIR/unix
936 Name of the kernel to boot. When using the kernel$ token, $ISADIR
937 expands to amd64 on 64-bit machines, and a null string on other
938 machines. As a result of this dereferencing, this path expands to
939 the proper kernel for the machine.
940
941
942 X86 BOOT SEQUENCE DETAILS
943 After a PC-compatible machine is turned on, the system firmware in the
944 BIOS ROM executes a power-on self test (POST), runs BIOS extensions in
945 peripheral board ROMs, and invokes software interrupt INT 19h,
946 Bootstrap. The INT 19h handler typically performs the standard PC-
947 compatible boot, which consists of trying to read the first physical
948 sector from the first diskette drive, or, if that fails, from the first
949 hard disk. The processor then jumps to the first byte of the sector
950 image in memory.
951
952 X86 PRIMARY BOOT
953 The first sector on a floppy disk contains the master boot block (GRUB
954 stage1). The stage 1 is responsible for loading GRUB stage2. Now GRUB
955 is fully functional. It reads and executes the menu file
956 /boot/grub/menu.lst. A similar sequence occurs for DVD or CD boot, but
957 the master boot block location and contents are dictated by the El
958 Torito specification. The El Torito boot also leads to strap.com, which
959 in turn loads boot.bin.
960
961
962 The first sector on a hard disk contains the master boot block, which
963 contains the master boot program and the FDISK table, named for the PC
964 program that maintains it. The master boot finds the active partition
965 in the FDISK table, loads its first sector (GRUB stage1), and jumps to
966 its first byte in memory. This completes the standard PC-compatible hard
967 disk boot sequence. If GRUB stage1 is installed on the master boot
968 block (see the -m option of installgrub(1M)), then stage2 is loaded
969 directly from the Solaris partition regardless of the active partition.
970
971
972 An x86 FDISK partition for the Solaris software begins with a one-
973 cylinder boot slice, which contains GRUB stage1 in the first sector,
974 the standard Solaris disk label and volume table of contents (VTOC) in
975 the second and third sectors, and GRUB stage2 in the fiftieth and
976 subsequent sectors. The area from sector 4 to 49 might contain boot
977 blocks for older versions of Solaris. This makes it possible for
978 multiple Solaris releases on the same FDISK to coexist. When the FDISK
979 partition for the Solaris software is the active partition, the master
980 boot program (mboot) reads the partition boot program in the first
981 sector into memory and jumps to it. It in turn reads GRUB stage2
982 program into memory and jumps to it. Once the GRUB menu is displayed,
983 the user can choose to boot an operating system on a different
984 partition, a different disk, or possibly from the network.
985
986
987 The behavior is slightly different when a disk is using EFI
988 partitioning. In that case the GRUB stage1 is always installed in the
989 first sector of the disk, and it always loads stage2 from the partition
990 specified at GRUB installation time. This only works on partitions
991 containing a ZFS root pool.
1117
1118 To boot the default kernel in single-user interactive mode, edit the
1119 GRUB kernel command line to read:
1120
1121
1122 kernel /platform/i86pc/kernel/amd64/unix -as
1123
1124
1125
1126 Example 6 Switching Between 32-bit and 64-bit Kernels on 64-bit x86
1127 Platform
1128
1129
1130 To be able to boot both 32-bit and 64-bit kernels, add entries for both
1131 kernels to /boot/grub/menu.lst, and use the set-menu subcommand of
1132 bootadm(1M) to switch. See bootadm(1M) for an example of the bootadm
1133 set-menu.
1134
1135
1136 FILES
1137 /platform/platform-name/ufsboot
1138 Second-level program to boot from a disk, DVD, or CD
1139
1140
1141 /etc/inittab
1142 Table in which the initdefault state is specified
1143
1144
1145 /sbin/init
1146 Program that brings the system to the initdefault state
1147
1148
1149 64-bit SPARC Only
1150 /platform/platform-name/kernel/sparcv9/unix
1151 Default program to boot system.
1152
1153
1154 x86 Only
1155 /boot
1156 Directory containing boot-related files.
1157
1158
1159 /boot/grub/menu.lst
1160 Menu of bootable operating systems displayed by GRUB.
1161
1162
1163 /platform/i86pc/kernel/unix
1164 32-bit kernel.
1165
1166
1167 64-bit x86 Only
1168 /platform/i86pc/kernel/amd64/unix
1169 64-bit kernel.
1170
1171
1172 SEE ALSO
1173 kmdb(1), uname(1), bootadm(1M), eeprom(1M), init(1M), installboot(1M),
1174 kernel(1M), monitor(1M), shutdown(1M), svcadm(1M), umountall(1M),
1175 zpool(1M), uadmin(2), bootparams(4), inittab(4), vfstab(4),
1176 wanboot.conf(4), filesystem(5)
1177
1178
1179 RFC 903, A Reverse Address Resolution Protocol,
1180 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc903.txt
1181
1182
1198
1199
1200 OpenBoot Command Reference Manual
1201
1202 WARNINGS
1203 The boot utility is unable to determine which files can be used as
1204 bootable programs. If the booting of a file that is not bootable is
1205 requested, the boot utility loads it and branches to it. What happens
1206 after that is unpredictable.
1207
1208 NOTES
1209 platform-name can be found using the -i option of uname(1). hardware-
1210 class-name can be found using the -m option of uname(1).
1211
1212
1213 The current release of the Solaris operating system does not support
1214 machines running an UltraSPARC-I CPU.
1215
1216
1217
1218 January 14, 2015 BOOT(1M)
|
933
934
935 /platform/i86pc/kernel/$ISADIR/unix
936 Name of the kernel to boot. When using the kernel$ token, $ISADIR
937 expands to amd64 on 64-bit machines, and a null string on other
938 machines. As a result of this dereferencing, this path expands to
939 the proper kernel for the machine.
940
941
942 X86 BOOT SEQUENCE DETAILS
943 After a PC-compatible machine is turned on, the system firmware in the
944 BIOS ROM executes a power-on self test (POST), runs BIOS extensions in
945 peripheral board ROMs, and invokes software interrupt INT 19h,
946 Bootstrap. The INT 19h handler typically performs the standard PC-
947 compatible boot, which consists of trying to read the first physical
948 sector from the first diskette drive, or, if that fails, from the first
949 hard disk. The processor then jumps to the first byte of the sector
950 image in memory.
951
952 X86 PRIMARY BOOT
953 The first sector on a hard disk contains the master boot block, which
954 contains the master boot program and the FDISK table, named for the PC
955 program that maintains it. The master boot finds the active partition
956 in the FDISK table, loads its first sector (GRUB stage1), and jumps to
957 its first byte in memory. This completes the standard PC-compatible hard
958 disk boot sequence. If GRUB stage1 is installed on the master boot
959 block (see the -m option of installgrub(1M)), then stage2 is loaded
960 directly from the Solaris partition regardless of the active partition.
961
962
963 A similar sequence occurs for DVD or CD boot, but the master boot block
964 location and contents are dictated by the El Torito specification. The
965 El Torito boot will then continue in the same way as with the hard
966 disk.
967
968
969 Floppy booting is not longer supported. Booting from USB devices
970 follows the same procedure as with hard disks.
971
972
973 An x86 FDISK partition for the Solaris software begins with a one-
974 cylinder boot slice, which contains GRUB stage1 in the first sector,
975 the standard Solaris disk label and volume table of contents (VTOC) in
976 the second and third sectors, and GRUB stage2 in the fiftieth and
977 subsequent sectors. The area from sector 4 to 49 might contain boot
978 blocks for older versions of Solaris. This makes it possible for
979 multiple Solaris releases on the same FDISK to coexist. When the FDISK
980 partition for the Solaris software is the active partition, the master
981 boot program (mboot) reads the partition boot program in the first
982 sector into memory and jumps to it. It in turn reads GRUB stage2
983 program into memory and jumps to it. Once the GRUB menu is displayed,
984 the user can choose to boot an operating system on a different
985 partition, a different disk, or possibly from the network.
986
987
988 The behavior is slightly different when a disk is using EFI
989 partitioning. In that case the GRUB stage1 is always installed in the
990 first sector of the disk, and it always loads stage2 from the partition
991 specified at GRUB installation time. This only works on partitions
992 containing a ZFS root pool.
1118
1119 To boot the default kernel in single-user interactive mode, edit the
1120 GRUB kernel command line to read:
1121
1122
1123 kernel /platform/i86pc/kernel/amd64/unix -as
1124
1125
1126
1127 Example 6 Switching Between 32-bit and 64-bit Kernels on 64-bit x86
1128 Platform
1129
1130
1131 To be able to boot both 32-bit and 64-bit kernels, add entries for both
1132 kernels to /boot/grub/menu.lst, and use the set-menu subcommand of
1133 bootadm(1M) to switch. See bootadm(1M) for an example of the bootadm
1134 set-menu.
1135
1136
1137 FILES
1138 /etc/inittab
1139 Table in which the initdefault state is specified
1140
1141
1142 /sbin/init
1143 Program that brings the system to the initdefault state
1144
1145
1146 64-bit SPARC Only
1147 /platform/platform-name/kernel/sparcv9/unix
1148 Default program to boot system.
1149
1150
1151 x86 Only
1152 /boot
1153 Directory containing boot-related files.
1154
1155
1156 /rpool/boot/grub/menu.lst
1157 Menu of bootable operating systems displayed by GRUB.
1158
1159 Note: this file is located on the root ZFS pool. While many
1160 installs often name their root zpool 'rpool', this is not required
1161 and the /rpool in the path above should be substituted with the
1162 name of the root pool of your current system.
1163
1164
1165 /platform/i86pc/kernel/unix
1166 32-bit kernel.
1167
1168
1169 64-bit x86 Only
1170 /platform/i86pc/kernel/amd64/unix
1171 64-bit kernel.
1172
1173
1174 SEE ALSO
1175 kmdb(1), uname(1), bootadm(1M), eeprom(1M), init(1M), installboot(1M),
1176 kernel(1M), monitor(1M), shutdown(1M), svcadm(1M), umountall(1M),
1177 zpool(1M), uadmin(2), bootparams(4), inittab(4), vfstab(4),
1178 wanboot.conf(4), filesystem(5)
1179
1180
1181 RFC 903, A Reverse Address Resolution Protocol,
1182 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc903.txt
1183
1184
1200
1201
1202 OpenBoot Command Reference Manual
1203
1204 WARNINGS
1205 The boot utility is unable to determine which files can be used as
1206 bootable programs. If the booting of a file that is not bootable is
1207 requested, the boot utility loads it and branches to it. What happens
1208 after that is unpredictable.
1209
1210 NOTES
1211 platform-name can be found using the -i option of uname(1). hardware-
1212 class-name can be found using the -m option of uname(1).
1213
1214
1215 The current release of the Solaris operating system does not support
1216 machines running an UltraSPARC-I CPU.
1217
1218
1219
1220 June 7, 2015 BOOT(1M)
|