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If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] 6 .TH IKEADM 1M "Jan 27, 2009" 7 .SH NAME 8 ikeadm \- manipulate Internet Key Exchange (IKE) parameters and state 9 .SH SYNOPSIS 10 .LP 11 .nf 12 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] 13 .fi 14 15 .LP 16 .nf 17 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] get [debug | priv | stats | defaults] 18 .fi 19 20 .LP 21 .nf 22 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] set [debug | priv] [level] [file] 23 .fi 24 25 .LP 26 .nf 27 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] [get | del] [p1 | rule | preshared] [id] 28 .fi 29 30 .LP 31 .nf 32 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] add [rule | preshared] { \fIdescription\fR } 33 .fi 34 35 .LP 36 .nf 37 ikeadm [\fB-np\fR] token [login | logout] \fIPKCS#11_Token_Object\fR 38 .fi 39 40 .LP 41 .nf 42 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] [read | write] [rule | preshared | certcache] \fIfile\fR 43 .fi 44 45 .LP 46 .nf 47 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] [dump | pls | rule | preshared] 48 .fi 49 50 .LP 51 .nf 52 \fBikeadm\fR [\fB-np\fR] flush [p1 | certcache] 53 .fi 54 55 .LP 56 .nf 57 \fBikeadm\fR help 58 [get | set | add | del | read | write | dump | flush | token] 59 .fi 60 61 .SH DESCRIPTION 62 .LP 63 The \fBikeadm\fR utility retrieves information from and manipulates the 64 configuration of the Internet Key Exchange (\fBIKE\fR) protocol daemon, 65 \fBin.iked\fR(1M). 66 .sp 67 .LP 68 \fBikeadm\fR supports a set of operations, which may be performed on one or 69 more of the supported object types. When invoked without arguments, 70 \fBikeadm\fR enters interactive mode which prints a prompt to the standard 71 output and accepts commands from the standard input until the end-of-file is 72 reached. 73 .sp 74 .LP 75 Because \fBikeadm\fR manipulates sensitive keying information, you must be 76 superuser to use this command. Additionally, some of the commands available 77 require that the daemon be running in a privileged mode, which is established 78 when the daemon is started. 79 .sp 80 .LP 81 For details on how to use this command securely see . 82 .SH OPTIONS 83 .LP 84 The following options are supported: 85 .sp 86 .ne 2 87 .na 88 \fB\fB-n\fR\fR 89 .ad 90 .sp .6 91 .RS 4n 92 Prevent attempts to print host and network names symbolically when reporting 93 actions. This is useful, for example, when all name servers are down or are 94 otherwise unreachable. 95 .RE 96 97 .sp 98 .ne 2 99 .na 100 \fB\fB-p\fR\fR 101 .ad 102 .sp .6 103 .RS 4n 104 Paranoid. Do not print any keying material, even if saving Security 105 Associations. Instead of an actual hexadecimal digit, print an \fBX\fR when 106 this flag is turned on. 107 .RE 108 109 .SH USAGE 110 .SS "Commands" 111 .LP 112 The following commands are supported: 113 .sp 114 .ne 2 115 .na 116 \fB\fBadd\fR\fR 117 .ad 118 .sp .6 119 .RS 4n 120 Add the specified object. This option can be used to add a new policy rule or a 121 new preshared key to the current (running) in.iked configuration. When adding a 122 new preshared key, the command cannot be invoked from the command line, as it 123 will contain keying material. The rule or key being added is specified using 124 appropriate id-value pairs as described in the \fBID FORMATS\fR section. 125 .RE 126 127 .sp 128 .ne 2 129 .na 130 \fB\fBdel\fR\fR 131 .ad 132 .sp .6 133 .RS 4n 134 Delete a specific object or objects from \fBin.iked\fR's current configuration. 135 This operation is available for \fBIKE\fR (Phase 1) \fBSA\fRs, policy rules, 136 and preshared keys. The object to be deleted is specified as described in the 137 \fBId Formats\fR. 138 .RE 139 140 .sp 141 .ne 2 142 .na 143 \fB\fBdump\fR\fR 144 .ad 145 .sp .6 146 .RS 4n 147 Display all objects of the specified type known to \fBin.iked\fR. This option 148 can be used to display all Phase 1 \fBSA\fRs, policy rules, preshared keys, or 149 the certificate cache. A large amount of output may be generated by this 150 command. 151 .RE 152 153 .sp 154 .ne 2 155 .na 156 \fB\fBflush\fR\fR 157 .ad 158 .sp .6 159 .RS 4n 160 Remove all \fBIKE\fR (Phase 1) \fBSA\fRs or cached certificates from 161 \fBin.iked\fR. 162 .sp 163 Note that flushing the \fBcertcache\fR will also (as a side-effect) update IKE 164 with any new certificates added or removed. 165 .RE 166 167 .sp 168 .ne 2 169 .na 170 \fB\fBget\fR\fR 171 .ad 172 .sp .6 173 .RS 4n 174 Lookup and display the specified object. May be used to view the current debug 175 or privilege level, global statistics and default values for the daemon, or a 176 specific \fBIKE\fR (Phase 1) \fBSA\fR, policy rule, or preshared key. The 177 latter three object types require that identifying information be passed in; 178 the appropriate specification for each object type is described below. 179 .RE 180 181 .sp 182 .ne 2 183 .na 184 \fB\fBhelp\fR\fR 185 .ad 186 .sp .6 187 .RS 4n 188 Print a brief summary of commands, or, when followed by a command, prints 189 information about that command. 190 .RE 191 192 .sp 193 .ne 2 194 .na 195 \fB\fBread\fR\fR 196 .ad 197 .sp .6 198 .RS 4n 199 Update the current \fBin.iked\fR configuration by reading the policy rules or 200 preshared keys from either the default location or from the file specified. 201 .RE 202 203 .sp 204 .ne 2 205 .na 206 \fB\fBset\fR\fR 207 .ad 208 .sp .6 209 .RS 4n 210 Adjust the current debug or privilege level. If the debug level is being 211 modified, an output file may optionally be specified; the output file 212 \fBmust\fR be specified if the daemon is running in the background and is not 213 currently printing to a file. When changing the privilege level, adjustments 214 may only be made to lower the access level; it cannot be increased using 215 ikeadm. 216 .RE 217 218 .sp 219 .ne 2 220 .na 221 \fB\fBwrite\fR\fR 222 .ad 223 .sp .6 224 .RS 4n 225 Write the current \fBin.iked\fR policy rule set or preshared key set to the 226 specified file. A destination file must be specified. This command should not 227 be used to overwrite the existing configuration files. 228 .RE 229 230 .sp 231 .ne 2 232 .na 233 \fB\fBtoken\fR\fR 234 .ad 235 .sp .6 236 .RS 4n 237 Log into a PKCS#11 token object and grant access to keying material or log out 238 and invalidate access to keying material. 239 .sp 240 \fBtoken\fR can be run as a normal user with the following authorizations: 241 .RS +4 242 .TP 243 .ie t \(bu 244 .el o 245 \fBtoken\fR login: \fBsolaris.network.ipsec.ike.token.login\fR 246 .RE 247 .RS +4 248 .TP 249 .ie t \(bu 250 .el o 251 \fBtoken\fR logout: \fBsolaris.network.ipsec.ike.token.logout\fR 252 .RE 253 .RE 254 255 .SS "Object Types" 256 .ne 2 257 .na 258 \fBdebug\fR 259 .ad 260 .sp .6 261 .RS 4n 262 Specifies the daemon's debug level. This determines the amount and type of 263 output provided by the daemon about its operations. The debug level is actually 264 a bitmask, with individual bits enabling different types of information. 265 .sp 266 267 .sp 268 .TS 269 c c c 270 l l l . 271 Description Flag Nickname 272 _ 273 Certificate management 0x0001 cert 274 Key management 0x0002 key 275 Operational 0x0004 op 276 Phase 1 SA creation 0x0008 phase1 277 Phase 2 SA creation 0x0010 phase2 278 PF_KEY interface 0x0020 pfkey 279 Policy management 0x0040 policy 280 Proposal construction 0x0080 prop 281 Door interface 0x0100 door 282 Config file processing 0x0200 config 283 All debug flags 0x3ff all 284 .TE 285 286 When specifying the debug level, either a number (decimal or hexadecimal) or a 287 string of nicknames may be given. For example, \fB88\fR, \fB0x58\fR, and 288 \fBphase1\fR+\fBphase2\fR+\fBpolicy\fR are all equivalent, and will turn on 289 debug for \fBphase 1\fR \fBsa\fR creation, \fBphase 2 sa\fR creation, and 290 policy management. A string of nicknames may also be used to remove certain 291 types of information; \fBall-op\fR has the effect of turning on all debug 292 \fBexcept\fR for operational messages; it is equivalent to the numbers 293 \fB1019\fR or \fB0x3fb\fR. 294 .RE 295 296 .sp 297 .ne 2 298 .na 299 \fBpriv\fR 300 .ad 301 .sp .6 302 .RS 4n 303 Specifies the daemon's access privilege level. The possible values are: 304 .sp 305 .in +2 306 .nf 307 Description Level Nickname 308 Base level 0 base 309 Access to preshared key info 1 modkeys 310 Access to keying material 2 keymat 311 .fi 312 .in -2 313 .sp 314 315 By default, \fBin.iked\fR is started at the base level. A command-line option 316 can be used to start the daemon at a higher level. \fBikeadm\fR can be used to 317 lower the level, but it cannot be used to raise the level. 318 .sp 319 Either the numerical level or the nickname may be used to specify the target 320 privilege level. 321 .sp 322 In order to get, add, delete, dump, read, or write preshared keys, the 323 privilege level must at least give access to preshared key information. 324 However, when viewing preshared keys (either using the get or dump command), 325 the key itself will only be available if the privilege level gives access to 326 keying material. This is also the case when viewing Phase 1 \fBSA\fRs. 327 .RE 328 329 .sp 330 .ne 2 331 .na 332 \fBstats\fR 333 .ad 334 .sp .6 335 .RS 4n 336 Global statistics from the daemon, covering both successful and failed Phase 1 337 \fBSA\fR creation. 338 .sp 339 Reported statistics include: 340 .RS +4 341 .TP 342 .ie t \(bu 343 .el o 344 Count of current P1 \fBSA\fRs which the local entity initiated 345 .RE 346 .RS +4 347 .TP 348 .ie t \(bu 349 .el o 350 Count of current P1 \fBSA\fRs where the local entity was the responder 351 .RE 352 .RS +4 353 .TP 354 .ie t \(bu 355 .el o 356 Count of all P1 \fBSA\fRs which the local entity initiated since boot 357 .RE 358 .RS +4 359 .TP 360 .ie t \(bu 361 .el o 362 Count of all P1 \fBSA\fRs where the local entity was the responder since boot 363 .RE 364 .RS +4 365 .TP 366 .ie t \(bu 367 .el o 368 Count of all attempted \fBP1\fR \fBSA\fRs since boot, where the local entity 369 was the initiator; includes failed attempts 370 .RE 371 .RS +4 372 .TP 373 .ie t \(bu 374 .el o 375 Count of all attempted P1 \fBSA\fRs since boot, where the local entity was the 376 responder; includes failed attempts 377 .RE 378 .RS +4 379 .TP 380 .ie t \(bu 381 .el o 382 Count of all failed attempts to initiate a \fBP1\fR \fBSA\fR, where the failure 383 occurred because the peer did not respond 384 .RE 385 .RS +4 386 .TP 387 .ie t \(bu 388 .el o 389 Count of all failed attempts to initiate a P1 \fBSA\fR, where the peer 390 responded 391 .RE 392 .RS +4 393 .TP 394 .ie t \(bu 395 .el o 396 Count of all failed \fBP1\fR \fBSA\fRs where the peer was the initiator 397 .RE 398 .RS +4 399 .TP 400 .ie t \(bu 401 .el o 402 Whether a PKCS#11 library is in use, and if applicable, the PKCS#11 library 403 that is loaded. See . 404 .RE 405 .RE 406 407 .sp 408 .ne 2 409 .na 410 \fBdefaults\fR 411 .ad 412 .sp .6 413 .RS 4n 414 Display default values used by the \fBin.iked\fR daemon. Some values can be 415 overridden in the daemon configuration file (see \fBike.config\fR(4)); for these 416 values, the token name is displayed in the \fBget defaults\fR output. The 417 output will reflect where a configuration token has changed the default. 418 .sp 419 Default values might be ignored in the event a peer system makes a valid 420 alternative proposal or they can be overridden by per-rule values established in 421 \fBike.config\fR. In such instances, a \fBget defaults\fR command continues to 422 display the default values, not the values used to override the defaults. 423 .RE 424 425 .sp 426 .ne 2 427 .na 428 \fBp1\fR 429 .ad 430 .sp .6 431 .RS 4n 432 An \fBIKE\fR Phase 1 \fBSA\fR. A \fBp1\fR object is identified by an \fBIP\fR 433 address pair or a cookie pair; identification formats are described below. 434 .RE 435 436 .sp 437 .ne 2 438 .na 439 \fBrule\fR 440 .ad 441 .sp .6 442 .RS 4n 443 An \fBIKE\fR policy rule, defining the acceptable security characteristics for 444 Phase 1 \fBSA\fRs between specified local and remote identities. A rule is 445 identified by its label; identification formats are described below. 446 .RE 447 448 .sp 449 .ne 2 450 .na 451 \fBpreshared\fR 452 .ad 453 .sp .6 454 .RS 4n 455 A preshared key, including the local and remote identification and applicable 456 \fBIKE\fR mode. A preshared key is identified by an \fBIP\fR address pair or an 457 identity pair; identification formats are described below. 458 .RE 459 460 .SS "Id Formats" 461 .LP 462 Commands like \fBadd\fR, \fBdel\fR, and \fBget\fR require that additional 463 information be specified on the command line. In the case of the delete and get 464 commands, all that is required is to minimally identify a given object; for the 465 add command, the full object must be specified. 466 .sp 467 .LP 468 Minimal identification is accomplished in most cases by a pair of values. For 469 \fBIP\fR addresses, the local addr and then the remote addr are specified, 470 either in dot-notation for IPv4 addresses, colon-separated hexadecimal format 471 for IPv6 addresses, or a host name present in the host name database. If a host 472 name is given that expands to more than one address, the requested operation 473 will be performed multiple times, once for each possible combination of 474 addresses. 475 .sp 476 .LP 477 Identity pairs are made up of a local type-value pair, followed by the remote 478 type-value pair. Valid types are: 479 .sp 480 .ne 2 481 .na 482 \fBprefix\fR 483 .ad 484 .sp .6 485 .RS 4n 486 An address prefix. 487 .RE 488 489 .sp 490 .ne 2 491 .na 492 \fBfqdn\fR 493 .ad 494 .sp .6 495 .RS 4n 496 A fully-qualified domain name. 497 .RE 498 499 .sp 500 .ne 2 501 .na 502 \fBdomain\fR 503 .ad 504 .sp .6 505 .RS 4n 506 Domain name, synonym for fqdn. 507 .RE 508 509 .sp 510 .ne 2 511 .na 512 \fBuser_fqdn\fR 513 .ad 514 .sp .6 515 .RS 4n 516 User identity of the form \fIuser\fR@fqdn. 517 .RE 518 519 .sp 520 .ne 2 521 .na 522 \fBmailbox\fR 523 .ad 524 .sp .6 525 .RS 4n 526 Synonym for \fBuser_fqdn\fR. 527 .RE 528 529 .sp 530 .LP 531 A cookie pair is made up of the two cookies assigned to a Phase 1 Security 532 Association (\fBSA\fR) when it is created; first is the initiator's, followed 533 by the responder's. A cookie is a 64-bit number. 534 .sp 535 .LP 536 Finally, a label (which is used to identify a policy rule) is a character 537 string assigned to the rule when it is created. 538 .sp 539 .LP 540 Formatting a rule or preshared key for the add command follows the format rules 541 for the in.iked configuration files. Both are made up of a series of id-value 542 pairs, contained in curly braces (\fB{\fR and \fB}\fR). See \fBike.config\fR(4) 543 and \fBike.preshared\fR(4) for details on the formatting of rules and preshared 544 keys. 545 .SH SECURITY 546 .LP 547 The \fBikeadm\fR command allows a privileged user to enter cryptographic keying 548 information. If an adversary gains access to such information, the security of 549 IPsec traffic is compromised. The following issues should be taken into account 550 when using the \fBikeadm\fR command. 551 .RS +4 552 .TP 553 .ie t \(bu 554 .el o 555 Is the \fBTTY\fR going over a network (interactive mode)? 556 .sp 557 If it is, then the security of the keying material is the security of the 558 network path for this \fBTTY\fR's traffic. Using \fBikeadm\fR over a clear-text 559 telnet or rlogin session is risky. Even local windows may be vulnerable to 560 attacks where a concealed program that reads window events is present. 561 .RE 562 .RS +4 563 .TP 564 .ie t \(bu 565 .el o 566 Is the file accessed over the network or readable to the world (read/write 567 commands)? 568 .sp 569 A network-mounted file can be sniffed by an adversary as it is being read. A 570 world-readable file with keying material in it is also risky. 571 .RE 572 .sp 573 .LP 574 If your source address is a host that can be looked up over the network, and 575 your naming system itself is compromised, then any names used will no longer be 576 trustworthy. 577 .sp 578 .LP 579 Security weaknesses often lie in misapplication of tools, not the tools 580 themselves. It is recommended that administrators are cautious when using the 581 \fBikeadm\fR command. The safest mode of operation is probably on a console, or 582 other hard-connected \fBTTY\fR. 583 .sp 584 .LP 585 For additional information regarding this subject, see the afterward by Matt 586 Blaze in Bruce Schneier's \fIApplied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and 587 Source Code in C.\fR 588 .SH EXAMPLES 589 .LP 590 \fBExample 1 \fREmptying out all Phase 1 Security Associations 591 .sp 592 .LP 593 The following command empties out all Phase 1 Security Associations: 594 595 .sp 596 .in +2 597 .nf 598 example# \fBikeadm flush p1\fR 599 .fi 600 .in -2 601 .sp 602 603 .LP 604 \fBExample 2 \fRDisplaying all Phase 1 Security Associations 605 .sp 606 .LP 607 The following command displays all Phase 1 Security Associations: 608 609 .sp 610 .in +2 611 .nf 612 example# \fBikeadm dump p1\fR 613 .fi 614 .in -2 615 .sp 616 617 .LP 618 \fBExample 3 \fRDeleting a Specific Phase 1 Security Association 619 .sp 620 .LP 621 The following command deletes the specified Phase 1 Security Associations: 622 623 .sp 624 .in +2 625 .nf 626 example# \fBikeadm del p1 local_ip remote_ip\fR 627 .fi 628 .in -2 629 .sp 630 631 .LP 632 \fBExample 4 \fRAdding a Rule From a File 633 .sp 634 .LP 635 The following command adds a rule from a file: 636 637 .sp 638 .in +2 639 .nf 640 example# \fBikeadm add rule rule_file\fR 641 .fi 642 .in -2 643 .sp 644 645 .LP 646 \fBExample 5 \fRAdding a Preshared Key 647 .sp 648 .LP 649 The following command adds a preshared key: 650 651 .sp 652 .in +2 653 .nf 654 example# \fBikeadm\fR 655 ikeadm> \fBadd preshared { localidtype ip localid local_ip 656 remoteidtype ip remoteid remote_ip ike_mode main 657 key 1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef }\fR 658 .fi 659 .in -2 660 .sp 661 662 .LP 663 \fBExample 6 \fRSaving All Preshared Keys to a File 664 .sp 665 .LP 666 The following command saves all preshared keys to a file: 667 668 .sp 669 .in +2 670 .nf 671 example# \fBikeadm write preshared target_file\fR 672 .fi 673 .in -2 674 .sp 675 676 .LP 677 \fBExample 7 \fRViewing a Particular Rule 678 .sp 679 .LP 680 The following command views a particular rule: 681 682 .sp 683 .in +2 684 .nf 685 example# \fBikeadm get rule rule_label\fR 686 .fi 687 .in -2 688 .sp 689 690 .LP 691 \fBExample 8 \fRReading in New Rules from \fBike.config\fR 692 .sp 693 .LP 694 The following command reads in new rules from the ike.config file: 695 696 .sp 697 .in +2 698 .nf 699 example# \fBikeadm read rules\fR 700 .fi 701 .in -2 702 .sp 703 704 .LP 705 \fBExample 9 \fRLowering the Privilege Level 706 .sp 707 .LP 708 The following command lowers the privilege level: 709 710 .sp 711 .in +2 712 .nf 713 example# \fBikeadm set priv base\fR 714 .fi 715 .in -2 716 .sp 717 718 .LP 719 \fBExample 10 \fRViewing the Debug Level 720 .sp 721 .LP 722 The following command shows the current debug level 723 724 .sp 725 .in +2 726 .nf 727 example# \fBikeadm get debug\fR 728 .fi 729 .in -2 730 .sp 731 732 .LP 733 \fBExample 11 \fRUsing stats to Verify Hardware Accelerator 734 .sp 735 .LP 736 The following example shows how stats may include an optional line at the end 737 to indicate if IKE is using a PKCS#11 library to accelerate public-key 738 operations, if applicable. 739 740 .sp 741 .in +2 742 .nf 743 example# \fBikeadm get stats\fR 744 Phase 1 SA counts: 745 Current: initiator: 0 responder: 0 746 Total: initiator: 21 responder: 27 747 Attempted:initiator: 21 responder: 27 748 Failed: initiator: 0 responder: 0 749 initiator fails include 0 time-out(s) 750 PKCS#11 library linked in from /opt/SUNWconn/lib/libpkcs11.so 751 example# 752 .fi 753 .in -2 754 .sp 755 756 .LP 757 \fBExample 12 \fRDisplaying the Certificate Cache 758 .sp 759 .LP 760 The following command shows the certificate cache and the status of associated 761 private keys, if applicable: 762 763 .sp 764 .in +2 765 .nf 766 example# \fBikeadm dump certcache\fR 767 .fi 768 .in -2 769 .sp 770 771 .LP 772 \fBExample 13 \fRLogging into a PKCS#11 Token 773 .sp 774 .LP 775 The following command shows logging into a PKCS#11 token object and unlocking 776 private keys: 777 778 .sp 779 .in +2 780 .nf 781 example# \fBikeadm token login "Sun Metaslot"\fR 782 Enter PIN for PKCS#11 token: 783 ikeadm: PKCS#11 operation successful 784 .fi 785 .in -2 786 .sp 787 788 .SH EXIT STATUS 789 .LP 790 The following exit values are returned: 791 .sp 792 .ne 2 793 .na 794 \fB\fB0\fR\fR 795 .ad 796 .RS 12n 797 Successful completion. 798 .RE 799 800 .sp 801 .ne 2 802 .na 803 \fB\fBnon-zero\fR\fR 804 .ad 805 .RS 12n 806 An error occurred. Writes an appropriate error message to standard error. 807 .RE 808 809 .SH ATTRIBUTES 810 .LP 811 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: 812 .sp 813 814 .sp 815 .TS 816 box; 817 c | c 818 l | l . 819 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE 820 _ 821 Interface Stability Not an Interface 822 .TE 823 824 .SH SEE ALSO 825 .LP 826 \fBin.iked\fR(1M), \fBike.config\fR(4), \fBike.preshared\fR(4), 827 \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBipsec\fR(7P) 828 .sp 829 .LP 830 Schneier, Bruce, \fIApplied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source 831 Code in C\fR, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1996. 832 .SH NOTES 833 .LP 834 As \fBin.iked\fR can run only in the global zone and exclusive-IP zones, this 835 command is not useful in shared-IP zones.