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Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form in the Sun OS Reference Manual, from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between these versions and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html. 8 .\" This notice shall appear on any product containing this material. 9 .\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). 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If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] 12 .TH FGREP 1 "May 3, 2013" 13 .SH NAME 14 fgrep \- search a file for a fixed-character string 15 .SH SYNOPSIS 16 .LP 17 .nf 18 \fB/usr/bin/fgrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR [\fIfile...\fR] 19 .fi 20 21 .LP 22 .nf 23 \fB/usr/bin/fgrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR [\fIfile...\fR] 24 .fi 25 26 .LP 27 .nf 28 \fB/usr/bin/fgrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fIpattern\fR [\fIfile...\fR] 29 .fi 30 31 .LP 32 .nf 33 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR [\fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR] 34 [\fIfile...\fR] 35 .fi 36 37 .LP 38 .nf 39 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] [\fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR 40 [\fIfile...\fR] 41 .fi 42 43 .LP 44 .nf 45 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fIpattern\fR [\fIfile...\fR] 46 .fi 47 48 .SH DESCRIPTION 49 .sp 50 .LP 51 The \fBfgrep\fR (fast \fBgrep\fR) utility searches files for a character string 52 and prints all lines that contain that string. \fBfgrep\fR is different from 53 \fBgrep\fR(1) and from \fBegrep\fR(1) because it searches for a string, instead 54 of searching for a pattern that matches an expression. \fBfgrep\fR uses a fast 55 and compact algorithm. 56 .sp 57 .LP 58 The characters \fB$\fR, \fB*\fR, \fB[\fR, \fB^\fR, |, \fB(\fR, \fB)\fR, and 59 \fB\e\fR are interpreted literally by \fBfgrep\fR, that is, \fBfgrep\fR does 60 not recognize full regular expressions as does \fBegrep\fR. These characters 61 have special meaning to the shell. Therefore, to be safe, enclose the entire 62 \fIstring\fR within single quotes (\fBa\'\fR). 63 .sp 64 .LP 65 If no files are specified, \fBfgrep\fR assumes standard input. Normally, each 66 line that is found is copied to the standard output. The file name is printed 67 before each line that is found if there is more than one input file. 68 .SH OPTIONS 69 .sp 70 .LP 71 The following options are supported for both \fB/usr/bin/fgrep\fR and 72 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep\fR: 73 .sp 74 .ne 2 75 .na 76 \fB\fB-b\fR\fR 77 .ad 78 .RS 19n 79 Precedes each line by the block number on which the line was found. This can be 80 useful in locating block numbers by context. The first block is 0. 81 .RE 82 83 .sp 84 .ne 2 85 .na 86 \fB\fB-c\fR\fR 87 .ad 88 .RS 19n 89 Prints only a count of the lines that contain the pattern. 90 .RE 91 92 .sp 93 .ne 2 94 .na 95 \fB\fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR\fR 96 .ad 97 .RS 19n 98 Searches for a \fIstring\fR in \fIpattern-list\fR. This is useful when the 99 \fIstring\fR begins with a \fB\(mi\fR\&. 100 .RE 101 102 .sp 103 .ne 2 104 .na 105 \fB\fB-f\fR \fIpattern-file\fR\fR 106 .ad 107 .RS 19n 108 Takes the list of patterns from \fIpattern-file\fR. 109 .RE 110 111 .sp 112 .ne 2 113 .na 114 \fB\fB-H\fR\fR 115 .ad 116 .RS 19n 117 Precedes each line by the name of the file containing the matching line. 118 .RE 119 120 .sp 121 .ne 2 122 .na 123 \fB\fB-h\fR\fR 124 .ad 125 .RS 19n 126 Suppresses printing of files when searching multiple files. 127 .RE 128 129 .sp 130 .ne 2 131 .na 132 \fB\fB-i\fR\fR 133 .ad 134 .RS 19n 135 Ignores upper/lower case distinction during comparisons. 136 .RE 137 138 .sp 139 .ne 2 140 .na 141 \fB\fB-l\fR\fR 142 .ad 143 .RS 19n 144 Prints the names of files with matching lines once, separated by new-lines. 145 Does not repeat the names of files when the pattern is found more than once. 146 .RE 147 148 .sp 149 .ne 2 150 .na 151 \fB\fB-n\fR\fR 152 .ad 153 .RS 19n 154 Precedes each line by its line number in the file. The first line is 1. 155 .RE 156 157 .sp 158 .ne 2 159 .na 160 \fB\fB-q\fR\fR 161 .ad 162 .RS 19n 163 Quiet. Does not write anything to the standard output, regardless of matching 164 lines. Exits with zero status if an input line is selected. 165 .RE 166 167 .sp 168 .ne 2 169 .na 170 \fB\fB-s\fR\fR 171 .ad 172 .RS 19n 173 Legacy equivalent of \fB-q\fR. 174 .RE 175 176 .sp 177 .ne 2 178 .na 179 \fB\fB-v\fR\fR 180 .ad 181 .RS 19n 182 Prints all lines except those that contain the pattern. 183 .RE 184 185 .sp 186 .ne 2 187 .na 188 \fB\fB-x\fR\fR 189 .ad 190 .RS 19n 191 Prints only lines that are matched entirely. 192 .RE 193 194 .SH OPERANDS 195 .sp 196 .LP 197 The following operands are supported: 198 .sp 199 .ne 2 200 .na 201 \fB\fIfile\fR\fR 202 .ad 203 .RS 8n 204 Specifies a path name of a file to be searched for the patterns. If no 205 \fIfile\fR operands are specified, the standard input will be used. 206 .RE 207 208 .SS "/usr/bin/fgrep" 209 .sp 210 .ne 2 211 .na 212 \fB\fIpattern\fR\fR 213 .ad 214 .RS 11n 215 Specifies a pattern to be used during the search for input. 216 .RE 217 218 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep" 219 .sp 220 .ne 2 221 .na 222 \fB\fIpattern\fR\fR 223 .ad 224 .RS 11n 225 Specifies one or more patterns to be used during the search for input. This 226 operand is treated as if it were specified as \fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR. 227 .RE 228 229 .SH USAGE 230 .sp 231 .LP 232 See \fBlargefile\fR(5) for the description of the behavior of \fBfgrep\fR when 233 encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes). 234 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 235 .sp 236 .LP 237 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables 238 that affect the execution of \fBfgrep\fR: \fBLC_COLLATE\fR, \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, 239 \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR. 240 .SH EXIT STATUS 241 .sp 242 .LP 243 The following exit values are returned: 244 .sp 245 .ne 2 246 .na 247 \fB\fB0\fR\fR 248 .ad 249 .RS 5n 250 If any matches are found 251 .RE 252 253 .sp 254 .ne 2 255 .na 256 \fB\fB1\fR\fR 257 .ad 258 .RS 5n 259 If no matches are found 260 .RE 261 262 .sp 263 .ne 2 264 .na 265 \fB\fB2\fR\fR 266 .ad 267 .RS 5n 268 For syntax errors or inaccessible files, even if matches were found. 269 .RE 270 271 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep" 272 .sp 273 274 .SH ATTRIBUTES 275 .sp 276 .LP 277 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: 278 .sp 279 .TS 280 box; 281 c | c 282 l | l . 283 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE 284 _ 285 CSI Enabled 286 .TE 287 288 .SH SEE ALSO 289 .sp 290 .LP 291 \fBed\fR(1), \fBegrep\fR(1), \fBgrep\fR(1), \fBsed\fR(1), \fBsh\fR(1), 292 \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBenviron\fR(5), \fBlargefile\fR(5), \fBXPG4\fR(5) 293 .SH NOTES 294 .sp 295 .LP 296 Ideally, there should be only one \fBgrep\fR command, but there is not a single 297 algorithm that spans a wide enough range of space-time tradeoffs. 298 .sp 299 .LP 300 Lines are limited only by the size of the available virtual memory. 301 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep" 302 .sp 303 .LP 304 The \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep\fR utility is identical to \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/grep\fR 305 \fB-F\fR (see \fBgrep\fR(1)). Portable applications should use 306 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/grep\fR \fB-F\fR.