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  12 .TH EGREP 1 "May 3, 2013"
  13 .SH NAME
  14 egrep \- search a file for a pattern using full regular expressions
  15 .SH SYNOPSIS
  16 .LP
  17 .nf
  18 \fB/usr/bin/egrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsv\fR] \fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR [\fIfile...\fR]
  19 .fi
  20 
  21 .LP
  22 .nf
  23 \fB/usr/bin/egrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsv\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR [\fIfile...\fR]
  24 .fi
  25 
  26 .LP
  27 .nf
  28 \fB/usr/bin/egrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsv\fR] \fIpattern\fR [\fIfile...\fR]
  29 .fi
  30 
  31 .LP
  32 .nf
  33 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR [\fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR]
  34      [\fIfile...\fR]
  35 .fi
  36 
  37 .LP
  38 .nf
  39 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] [\fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR] \fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR
  40      [\fIfile...\fR]
  41 .fi
  42 
  43 .LP
  44 .nf
  45 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR [\fB-bcHhilnqsvx\fR] \fIpattern\fR [\fIfile...\fR]
  46 .fi
  47 
  48 .SH DESCRIPTION
  49 .sp
  50 .LP
  51 The \fBegrep\fR (\fIexpression grep\fR) utility searches files for a pattern of
  52 characters and prints all lines that contain that pattern. \fBegrep\fR uses
  53 full regular expressions (expressions that have string values that use the full
  54 set of alphanumeric and special characters) to match the patterns. It uses a
  55 fast deterministic algorithm that sometimes needs exponential space.
  56 .sp
  57 .LP
  58 If no files are specified, \fBegrep\fR assumes standard input. Normally, each
  59 line found is copied to the standard output. The file name is printed before
  60 each line found if there is more than one input file.
  61 .SS "/usr/bin/egrep"
  62 .sp
  63 .LP
  64 The \fB/usr/bin/egrep\fR utility accepts full regular expressions as described
  65 on the \fBregexp\fR(5) manual page, except for \fB\e(\fR and \fB\e)\fR,
  66 \fB\e(\fR and \fB\e)\fR, \fB\e{\fR and \fB\e}\fR, \fB\e<\fR and \fB\e>\fR, and
  67 \fB\en\fR, and with the addition of:
  68 .RS +4
  69 .TP
  70 1.
  71 A full regular expression followed by \fB+\fR that matches one or more
  72 occurrences of the full regular expression.
  73 .RE
  74 .RS +4
  75 .TP
  76 2.
  77 A full regular expression followed by \fB?\fR that matches 0 or 1
  78 occurrences of the full regular expression.
  79 .RE
  80 .RS +4
  81 .TP
  82 3.
  83 Full regular expressions separated by | or by a \fBNEWLINE\fR that match
  84 strings that are matched by any of the expressions.
  85 .RE
  86 .RS +4
  87 .TP
  88 4.
  89 A full regular expression that can be enclosed in parentheses \fB()\fRfor
  90 grouping.
  91 .RE
  92 .sp
  93 .LP
  94 Be careful using the characters \fB$\fR, \fB*\fR, \fB[\fR, \fB^\fR, |, \fB(\fR,
  95 \fB)\fR, and \fB\e\fR in \fIfull regular expression\fR, because they are also
  96 meaningful to the shell. It is safest to enclose the entire \fIfull regular
  97 expression\fR in single quotes (\fBa\'\fR\fBa\'\fR).
  98 .sp
  99 .LP
 100 The order of precedence of operators is \fB[\|]\fR, then \fB*\|?\|+\fR, then
 101 concatenation, then | and NEWLINE.
 102 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep"
 103 .sp
 104 .LP
 105 The \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR utility uses the regular expressions described in
 106 the \fBEXTENDED REGULAR EXPRESSIONS\fR section of the \fBregex\fR(5) manual
 107 page.
 108 .SH OPTIONS
 109 .sp
 110 .LP
 111 The following options are supported for both \fB/usr/bin/egrep\fR and
 112 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR:
 113 .sp
 114 .ne 2
 115 .na
 116 \fB\fB-b\fR\fR
 117 .ad
 118 .RS 19n
 119 Precede each line by the block number on which it was found. This can be useful
 120 in locating block numbers by context (first block is 0).
 121 .RE
 122 
 123 .sp
 124 .ne 2
 125 .na
 126 \fB\fB-c\fR\fR
 127 .ad
 128 .RS 19n
 129 Print only a count of the lines that contain the pattern.
 130 .RE
 131 
 132 .sp
 133 .ne 2
 134 .na
 135 \fB\fB-e\fR \fIpattern_list\fR\fR
 136 .ad
 137 .RS 19n
 138 Search for a \fIpattern_list\fR (\fIfull regular expression\fR that begins with
 139 a \fB\(mi\fR).
 140 .RE
 141 
 142 .sp
 143 .ne 2
 144 .na
 145 \fB\fB-f\fR \fIfile\fR\fR
 146 .ad
 147 .RS 19n
 148 Take the list of \fIfull\fR \fIregular\fR \fIexpressions\fR from \fIfile\fR.
 149 .RE
 150 
 151 .sp
 152 .ne 2
 153 .na
 154 \fB\fB-H\fR\fR
 155 .ad
 156 .RS 19n
 157 Precedes each line by the name of the file containing the matching line.
 158 .RE
 159 
 160 .sp
 161 .ne 2
 162 .na
 163 \fB\fB-h\fR\fR
 164 .ad
 165 .RS 19n
 166 Suppress printing of filenames when searching multiple files.
 167 .RE
 168 
 169 .sp
 170 .ne 2
 171 .na
 172 \fB\fB-i\fR\fR
 173 .ad
 174 .RS 19n
 175 Ignore upper/lower case distinction during comparisons.
 176 .RE
 177 
 178 .sp
 179 .ne 2
 180 .na
 181 \fB\fB-l\fR\fR
 182 .ad
 183 .RS 19n
 184 Print the names of files with matching lines once, separated by NEWLINEs. Does
 185 not repeat the names of files when the pattern is found more than once.
 186 .RE
 187 
 188 .sp
 189 .ne 2
 190 .na
 191 \fB\fB-n\fR\fR
 192 .ad
 193 .RS 19n
 194 Precede each line by its line number in the file (first line is 1).
 195 .RE
 196 
 197 .sp
 198 .ne 2
 199 .na
 200 \fB\fB-q\fR\fR
 201 .ad
 202 .RS 19n
 203 Quiet. Does not write anything to the standard output, regardless of matching
 204 lines. Exits with zero status if an input line is selected.
 205 .RE
 206 
 207 .sp
 208 .ne 2
 209 .na
 210 \fB\fB-s\fR\fR
 211 .ad
 212 .RS 19n
 213 Legacy equivalent of \fB-q\fR.
 214 .RE
 215 
 216 .sp
 217 .ne 2
 218 .na
 219 \fB\fB-v\fR\fR
 220 .ad
 221 .RS 19n
 222 Print all lines except those that contain the pattern.
 223 .RE
 224 
 225 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep"
 226 .sp
 227 .LP
 228 The following options are supported for \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR only:
 229 .sp
 230 .ne 2
 231 .na
 232 \fB\fB-x\fR\fR
 233 .ad
 234 .RS 6n
 235 Consider only input lines that use all characters in the line to match an
 236 entire fixed string or regular expression to be matching lines.
 237 .RE
 238 
 239 .SH OPERANDS
 240 .sp
 241 .LP
 242 The following operands are supported:
 243 .sp
 244 .ne 2
 245 .na
 246 \fB\fIfile\fR\fR
 247 .ad
 248 .RS 8n
 249 A path name of a file to be searched for the patterns. If no \fIfile\fR
 250 operands are specified, the standard input is used.
 251 .RE
 252 
 253 .SS "/usr/bin/egrep"
 254 .sp
 255 .ne 2
 256 .na
 257 \fB\fIpattern\fR\fR
 258 .ad
 259 .RS 11n
 260 Specify a pattern to be used during the search for input.
 261 .RE
 262 
 263 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep"
 264 .sp
 265 .ne 2
 266 .na
 267 \fB\fIpattern\fR\fR
 268 .ad
 269 .RS 11n
 270 Specify one or more patterns to be used during the search for input. This
 271 operand is treated as if it were specified as \fB-e\fR\fIpattern_list.\fR.
 272 .RE
 273 
 274 .SH USAGE
 275 .sp
 276 .LP
 277 See \fBlargefile\fR(5) for the description of the behavior of \fBegrep\fR when
 278 encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).
 279 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
 280 .sp
 281 .LP
 282 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
 283 that affect the execution of \fBegrep\fR: \fBLC_COLLATE\fR, \fBLC_CTYPE\fR,
 284 \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR.
 285 .SH EXIT STATUS
 286 .sp
 287 .LP
 288 The following exit values are returned:
 289 .sp
 290 .ne 2
 291 .na
 292 \fB\fB0\fR\fR
 293 .ad
 294 .RS 5n
 295 If any matches are found.
 296 .RE
 297 
 298 .sp
 299 .ne 2
 300 .na
 301 \fB\fB1\fR\fR
 302 .ad
 303 .RS 5n
 304 If no matches are found.
 305 .RE
 306 
 307 .sp
 308 .ne 2
 309 .na
 310 \fB\fB2\fR\fR
 311 .ad
 312 .RS 5n
 313 For syntax errors or inaccessible files (even if matches were found).
 314 .RE
 315 
 316 .SH ATTRIBUTES
 317 .sp
 318 .LP
 319 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
 320 .SS "/usr/bin/egrep"
 321 .sp
 322 
 323 .sp
 324 .TS
 325 box;
 326 c | c
 327 l | l .
 328 ATTRIBUTE TYPE  ATTRIBUTE VALUE
 329 _
 330 CSI     Not Enabled
 331 .TE
 332 
 333 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep"
 334 .sp
 335 
 336 .sp
 337 .TS
 338 box;
 339 c | c
 340 l | l .
 341 ATTRIBUTE TYPE  ATTRIBUTE VALUE
 342 _
 343 CSI     Enabled
 344 .TE
 345 
 346 .SH SEE ALSO
 347 .sp
 348 .LP
 349 \fBfgrep\fR(1), \fBgrep\fR(1), \fBsed\fR(1), \fBsh\fR(1), \fBattributes\fR(5),
 350 \fBenviron\fR(5), \fBlargefile\fR(5), \fBregex\fR(5), \fBregexp\fR(5),
 351 \fBXPG4\fR(5)
 352 .SH NOTES
 353 .sp
 354 .LP
 355 Ideally there should be only one \fBgrep\fR command, but there is not a single
 356 algorithm that spans a wide enough range of space-time trade-offs.
 357 .sp
 358 .LP
 359 Lines are limited only by the size of the available virtual memory.
 360 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep"
 361 .sp
 362 .LP
 363 The \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/egrep\fR utility is identical to \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/grep\fR
 364 \fB-E\fR. See \fBgrep\fR(1). Portable applications should use
 365 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/grep\fR \fB-E\fR.