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  11 .TH OPENDIR 3C "Jun 26, 2007"
  12 .SH NAME
  13 opendir, fdopendir \- open directory
  14 .SH SYNOPSIS
  15 .LP
  16 .nf
  17 #include <sys/types.h>
  18 #include <dirent.h>
  19 
  20 \fBDIR *\fR\fBopendir\fR(\fBconst char *\fR\fIdirname\fR);
  21 .fi
  22 
  23 .LP
  24 .nf
  25 \fBDIR *\fR\fBfdopendir\fR(\fBint\fR \fIfildes\fR);
  26 .fi
  27 
  28 .SH DESCRIPTION
  29 .sp
  30 .LP
  31 The \fBopendir()\fR function opens a directory stream corresponding to the
  32 directory named by the \fIdirname\fR argument.
  33 .sp
  34 .LP
  35 The \fBfdopendir()\fR function opens a directory stream for the directory file
  36 descriptor \fIfildes\fR. The directory file descriptor should not be used or
  37 closed following a successful function call, as this might cause undefined
  38 results from future operations on the directory stream obtained from the call.
  39 Use \fBclosedir\fR(3C) to close a directory stream.
  40 .sp
  41 .LP
  42 The directory stream is positioned at the first entry. If the type \fBDIR\fR is
  43 implemented using a file descriptor, applications will only be able to open up
  44 to a total of {\fBOPEN_MAX\fR} files and directories. A successful call to any
  45 of the \fBexec\fR functions will close any directory streams that are open in
  46 the calling process.  See \fBexec\fR(2).
  47 .SH RETURN VALUES
  48 .sp
  49 .LP
  50 Upon successful completion, \fBopendir()\fR and \fBfdopendir()\fR return a
  51 pointer to an object of type \fBDIR\fR. Otherwise, a null pointer is returned
  52 and \fBerrno\fR is set to indicate the error.
  53 .SH ERRORS
  54 .sp
  55 .LP
  56 The \fBopendir()\fR function will fail if:
  57 .sp
  58 .ne 2
  59 .na
  60 \fB\fBEACCES\fR\fR
  61 .ad
  62 .RS 16n
  63 Search permission is denied for the component of the path prefix of
  64 \fIdirname\fR or read permission is denied for \fIdirname\fR.
  65 .RE
  66 
  67 .sp
  68 .ne 2
  69 .na
  70 \fB\fBELOOP\fR\fR
  71 .ad
  72 .RS 16n
  73 Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving \fIpath\fR.
  74 .RE
  75 
  76 .sp
  77 .ne 2
  78 .na
  79 \fB\fBENAMETOOLONG\fR\fR
  80 .ad
  81 .RS 16n
  82 The length of the \fIdirname\fR argument exceeds {\fBPATH_MAX\fR}, or a path
  83 name component is longer than {\fBNAME_MAX\fR} while {\fB_POSIX_NO_TRUNC\fR} is
  84 in effect.
  85 .RE
  86 
  87 .sp
  88 .ne 2
  89 .na
  90 \fB\fBENOENT\fR\fR
  91 .ad
  92 .RS 16n
  93 A component of \fIdirname\fR does not name an existing directory or
  94 \fIdirname\fR is an empty string.
  95 .RE
  96 
  97 .sp
  98 .ne 2
  99 .na
 100 \fB\fBENOTDIR\fR\fR
 101 .ad
 102 .RS 16n
 103 A component of \fIdirname\fR is not a directory.
 104 .RE
 105 
 106 .sp
 107 .LP
 108 The \fBfdopendir()\fR function will fail if:
 109 .sp
 110 .ne 2
 111 .na
 112 \fB\fBENOTDIR\fR\fR
 113 .ad
 114 .RS 11n
 115 The file descriptor \fIfildes\fR does not reference a directory.
 116 .RE
 117 
 118 .sp
 119 .LP
 120 The \fBopendir()\fR function may fail if:
 121 .sp
 122 .ne 2
 123 .na
 124 \fB\fBEMFILE\fR\fR
 125 .ad
 126 .RS 16n
 127 There are {\fBOPEN_MAX\fR} file descriptors currently open in the calling
 128 process.
 129 .RE
 130 
 131 .sp
 132 .ne 2
 133 .na
 134 \fB\fBENAMETOOLONG\fR\fR
 135 .ad
 136 .RS 16n
 137 Pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an intermediate result whose
 138 length exceeds \fBPATH_MAX\fR.
 139 .RE
 140 
 141 .sp
 142 .ne 2
 143 .na
 144 \fB\fBENFILE\fR\fR
 145 .ad
 146 .RS 16n
 147 Too many files are currently open on the system.
 148 .RE
 149 
 150 .SH USAGE
 151 .sp
 152 .LP
 153 The \fBopendir()\fR and \fBfdopendir()\fR functions should be used in
 154 conjunction with \fBreaddir\fR(3C), \fBclosedir\fR(3C) and \fBrewinddir\fR(3C)
 155 to examine the contents of the directory (see the \fBEXAMPLES\fR section in
 156 \fBreaddir\fR(3C)). This method is recommended for portability.
 157 .SH ATTRIBUTES
 158 .sp
 159 .LP
 160 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
 161 .sp
 162 
 163 .sp
 164 .TS
 165 box;
 166 c | c
 167 l | l .
 168 ATTRIBUTE TYPE  ATTRIBUTE VALUE
 169 _
 170 Interface Stability     T{
 171 \fBopendir()\fR is Standard; \fBfdopendir()\fR is Evolving
 172 T}
 173 _
 174 MT-Level        Safe
 175 .TE
 176 
 177 .SH SEE ALSO
 178 .sp
 179 .LP
 180 \fBlstat\fR(2), \fBsymlink\fR(2), \fBclosedir\fR(3C), \fBreaddir\fR(3C),
 181 \fBrewinddir\fR(3C), \fBscandir\fR(3C), \fBattributes\fR(5)