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--- old/usr/src/man/man1/ls.1
+++ new/usr/src/man/man1/ls.1
1 1 '\" te
2 2 .\" Copyright 1989 AT&T
3 3 .\" Copyright (c) 2009, Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved
4 4 .\" Portions Copyright (c) 1992, X/Open Company Limited All Rights Reserved
5 5 .\" Sun Microsystems, Inc. gratefully acknowledges The Open Group for permission to reproduce portions of its copyrighted documentation. Original documentation from The Open Group can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/.
6 6 .\" The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and The Open Group, have given us permission to reprint portions of their documentation. In the following statement, the phrase "this text" refers to portions of the system documentation. Portions of this text
7 7 .\" are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form in the Sun OS Reference Manual, from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of Electrical
8 8 .\" and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between these versions and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.
9 9 .\" This notice shall appear on any product containing this material.
10 10 .\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
11 11 .\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
12 12 .\" fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
13 13 .TH LS 1 "Jun 3, 2009"
14 14 .SH NAME
15 15 ls \- list contents of directory
16 16 .SH SYNOPSIS
17 17 .LP
18 18 .nf
19 19 \fB/usr/bin/ls\fR [\fB-aAbcCdeEfFghHiklLmnopqrRsStuUwvVx1@\fR]
20 20 [\fB-/ c\fR | \fBv\fR] [\fB-% atime | crtime | ctime | mtime | all\fR]
21 21 [--block-size size] [--color[=\fIwhen\fR]] [--file-type]
22 22 [--si] [--time-style \fIstyle\fR] [\fIfile\fR]...
23 23 .fi
24 24
25 25 .LP
26 26 .nf
27 27 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/ls\fR [\fB-aAbcCdeEfFghHiklLmnopqrRsStuUwvVx1@\fR]
28 28 [\fB-/ c\fR | \fBv\fR] [\fB-% atime | crtime | ctime | mtime | all\fR]
29 29 [--block-size size] [--color[=\fIwhen\fR]] [--file-type]
30 30 [--si] [--time-style \fIstyle\fR] [\fIfile\fR]...
31 31 .fi
32 32
33 33 .LP
34 34 .nf
35 35 \fB/usr/xpg6/bin/ls\fR [\fB-aAbcCdeEfFghHiklLmnopqrRsStuUwvVx1@\fR]
36 36 [\fB-/ c\fR | \fBv\fR] [\fB-% atime | crtime | ctime | mtime | all\fR]
37 37 [--block-size size] [--color[=\fIwhen\fR]] [--file-type]
38 38 [--si] [--time-style \fIstyle\fR] [\fIfile\fR]...
39 39 .fi
40 40
41 41 .SH DESCRIPTION
42 42 .sp
43 43 .LP
44 44 For each \fIfile\fR that is a directory, \fBls\fR lists the contents of the
45 45 directory. For each \fIfile\fR that is an ordinary file, \fBls\fR repeats its
46 46 name and any other information requested. The output is sorted alphabetically
47 47 by default. When no argument is given, the current directory (\fB\&.\fR) is
48 48 listed. When several arguments are given, the arguments are first sorted
49 49 appropriately, but file arguments appear before directories and their contents.
50 50 .sp
51 51 .LP
52 52 There are three major listing formats. The default format for output directed
53 53 to a terminal is multi\(micolumn with entries sorted down the columns. The
54 54 \fB-1\fR option allows single column output and \fB-m\fR enables stream output
55 55 format. In order to determine output formats for the \fB-C\fR, \fB-x\fR, and
56 56 \fB-m\fR options, \fBls\fR uses an environment variable, \fBCOLUMNS\fR, to
57 57 determine the number of character positions available on one output line. If
58 58 this variable is not set, the \fBterminfo\fR(4) database is used to determine
59 59 the number of columns, based on the environment variable, \fBTERM\fR. If this
60 60 information cannot be obtained, 80 columns are assumed. If the \fB-w\fR option
61 61 is used, the argument overrides any other column width.
62 62 .sp
63 63 .LP
64 64 The mode printed when the \fB-e\fR, \fB-E\fR, \fB-g\fR, \fB-l\fR, \fB-n\fR,
65 65 \fB-o\fR, \fB-v\fR, \fB-V\fR, or \fB-@\fR option is in effect consists of
66 66 eleven characters. The first character can be one of the following:
67 67 .sp
68 68 .ne 2
69 69 .na
70 70 \fB\fBd\fR\fR
71 71 .ad
72 72 .sp .6
73 73 .RS 4n
74 74 The entry is a directory.
75 75 .RE
76 76
77 77 .sp
78 78 .ne 2
79 79 .na
80 80 \fB\fBD\fR\fR
81 81 .ad
82 82 .sp .6
83 83 .RS 4n
84 84 The entry is a door.
85 85 .RE
86 86
87 87 .sp
88 88 .ne 2
89 89 .na
90 90 \fB\fBl\fR\fR
91 91 .ad
92 92 .sp .6
93 93 .RS 4n
94 94 The entry is a symbolic link.
95 95 .RE
96 96
97 97 .sp
98 98 .ne 2
99 99 .na
100 100 \fB\fBb\fR\fR
101 101 .ad
102 102 .sp .6
103 103 .RS 4n
104 104 The entry is a block special file.
105 105 .RE
106 106
107 107 .sp
108 108 .ne 2
109 109 .na
110 110 \fB\fBc\fR\fR
111 111 .ad
112 112 .sp .6
113 113 .RS 4n
114 114 The entry is a character special file.
115 115 .RE
116 116
117 117 .sp
118 118 .ne 2
119 119 .na
120 120 \fB\fBp\fR\fR
121 121 .ad
122 122 .sp .6
123 123 .RS 4n
124 124 The entry is a \fBFIFO\fR (or "named pipe") special file.
125 125 .RE
126 126
127 127 .sp
128 128 .ne 2
129 129 .na
130 130 \fB\fBP\fR\fR
131 131 .ad
132 132 .sp .6
133 133 .RS 4n
134 134 The entry is an event port.
135 135 .RE
136 136
137 137 .sp
138 138 .ne 2
139 139 .na
140 140 \fB\fBs\fR\fR
141 141 .ad
142 142 .sp .6
143 143 .RS 4n
144 144 The entry is an \fBAF_UNIX\fR address family socket.
145 145 .RE
146 146
147 147 .sp
148 148 .ne 2
149 149 .na
150 150 \fB\fB\(mi\fR\fR
151 151 .ad
152 152 .sp .6
153 153 .RS 4n
154 154 The entry is an ordinary file.
155 155 .RE
156 156
157 157 .sp
158 158 .LP
159 159 The next 9 characters are interpreted as three sets of three bits each. The
160 160 first set refers to the owner's permissions; the next to permissions of others
161 161 in the user-group of the file; and the last to all others. Within each set, the
162 162 three characters indicate permission to read, to write, and to execute the file
163 163 as a program, respectively. For a directory, \fBexecute\fR permission is
164 164 interpreted to mean permission to search the directory for a specified file.
165 165 The character after permissions is an ACL or extended attributes indicator.
166 166 This character is an \fB@\fR if extended attributes are associated with the
167 167 file and the \fB-@\fR option is in effect. Otherwise, this character is a plus
168 168 sign (\fB+\fR) character if a non-trivial ACL is associated with the file or a
169 169 space character if not.
170 170 .sp
171 171 .LP
172 172 If \fB-/\fR and/or \fB-%\fR are in effect, then the extended system attributes
173 173 are printed when filesystem supports extended system attributes. The display
174 174 looks as follows:
175 175 .sp
176 176 .in +2
177 177 .nf
178 178 $ls -/ c file
179 179 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
180 180 {AHRSadim-u}
181 181
182 182 $ls -/ v file
183 183 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
184 184 {archive,hidden,readonly,system,appendonly\e
185 185 nodump,immutable, av_modified,\e
186 186 noav_quarantined,nounlink}
187 187
188 188 $ls -l -% all file
189 189 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
190 190 timestamp: atime Jun 25 12:56:44 2007
191 191 timestamp: ctime May 10 14:20:23 2007
192 192 timestamp: mtime May 10 14:17:56 2007
193 193 timestamp: crtime May 10 14:17:56 2007
194 194 .fi
195 195 .in -2
196 196 .sp
197 197
198 198 .sp
199 199 .LP
200 200 See the option descriptions of the \fB-/\fR and \fB-%\fR option for details.
201 201 .sp
202 202 .LP
203 203 \fBls\fR \fB-l\fR (the long list) prints its output as follows for the POSIX
204 204 locale:
205 205 .sp
206 206 .in +2
207 207 .nf
208 208 -rwxrwxrwx+ 1 smith dev 10876 May 16 9:42 part2
209 209 .fi
210 210 .in -2
211 211 .sp
212 212
213 213 .sp
214 214 .LP
215 215 Reading from right to left, you see that the current directory holds one file,
216 216 named \fBpart2\fR. Next, the last time that file's contents were modified was
217 217 \fB9:42 A.M.\fR on \fBMay 16\fR. The file contains 10,876 characters, or bytes.
218 218 The owner of the file, or the user, belongs to the group \fBdev\fR (perhaps
219 219 indicating \fBdevelopment\fR), and his or her login name is \fBsmith\fR. The
220 220 number, in this case \fB1\fR, indicates the number of links to file \fBpart2\fR
221 221 (see \fBcp\fR(1)). The plus sign indicates that there is an \fBACL\fR
222 222 associated with the file. If the \fB-@\fR option has been specified, the
223 223 presence of extended attributes supersede the presence of an \fBACL\fR and the
224 224 plus sign is replaced with an 'at' sign (\fB@\fR). Finally, the dash and
225 225 letters tell you that user, group, and others have permissions to read, write,
226 226 and execute \fBpart2\fR.
227 227 .sp
228 228 .LP
229 229 The execute (\fBx\fR) symbol occupies the third position of the three-character
230 230 sequence. A \fB\(mi\fR in the third position would have indicated a denial of
231 231 execution permissions.
232 232 .sp
233 233 .LP
234 234 The permissions are indicated as follows:
235 235 .sp
236 236 .ne 2
237 237 .na
238 238 \fB\fBr\fR\fR
239 239 .ad
240 240 .sp .6
241 241 .RS 4n
242 242 The file is readable.
243 243 .RE
244 244
245 245 .sp
246 246 .ne 2
247 247 .na
248 248 \fB\fBw\fR\fR
249 249 .ad
250 250 .sp .6
251 251 .RS 4n
252 252 The file is writable.
253 253 .RE
254 254
255 255 .sp
256 256 .ne 2
257 257 .na
258 258 \fB\fBx\fR\fR
259 259 .ad
260 260 .sp .6
261 261 .RS 4n
262 262 The file is executable.
263 263 .RE
264 264
265 265 .sp
266 266 .ne 2
267 267 .na
268 268 \fB\fB\(mi\fR\fR
269 269 .ad
270 270 .sp .6
271 271 .RS 4n
272 272 The indicated permission is \fInot\fR granted.
273 273 .RE
274 274
275 275 .sp
276 276 .ne 2
277 277 .na
278 278 \fB\fBs\fR\fR
279 279 .ad
280 280 .sp .6
281 281 .RS 4n
282 282 The \fBs\fRet-user-ID or \fBs\fRet-group-ID bit is on, and the corresponding
283 283 user or group execution bit is also on.
284 284 .RE
285 285
286 286 .sp
287 287 .ne 2
288 288 .na
289 289 \fB\fBS\fR\fR
290 290 .ad
291 291 .sp .6
292 292 .RS 4n
293 293 Undefined bit-state (the set-user-ID or set-group-id bit is on and the user or
294 294 group execution bit is off). For group permissions, this applies only to
295 295 non-regular files.
296 296 .RE
297 297
298 298 .sp
299 299 .ne 2
300 300 .na
301 301 \fB\fBt\fR\fR
302 302 .ad
303 303 .sp .6
304 304 .RS 4n
305 305 The 1000 (octal) bit, or sticky bit, is on (see \fBchmod\fR(1)), and execution
306 306 is on.
307 307 .RE
308 308
309 309 .sp
310 310 .ne 2
311 311 .na
312 312 \fB\fBT\fR\fR
313 313 .ad
314 314 .sp .6
315 315 .RS 4n
316 316 The 1000 bit is turned on, and execution is off (undefined bit-state).
317 317 .RE
318 318
319 319 .SS "/usr/bin/ls"
320 320 .sp
321 321 .ne 2
322 322 .na
323 323 \fB\fBl\fR\fR
324 324 .ad
325 325 .sp .6
326 326 .RS 4n
327 327 Mandatory locking occurs during access (on a regular file, the set-group-ID bit
328 328 is on and the group execution bit is off).
329 329 .RE
330 330
331 331 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/ls and /usr/xpg6/bin/ls"
332 332 .sp
333 333 .ne 2
334 334 .na
335 335 \fB\fBL\fR\fR
336 336 .ad
337 337 .sp .6
338 338 .RS 4n
339 339 Mandatory locking occurs during access (on a regular file, the set-group-ID bit
340 340 is on and the group execution bit is off).
341 341 .RE
342 342
343 343 .sp
344 344 .LP
345 345 For user and group permissions, the third position is sometimes occupied by a
346 346 character other than \fBx\fR or \fB-\fR. \fBs\fR or \fBS\fR also can occupy
347 347 this position, referring to the state of the set-ID bit, whether it be the
348 348 user's or the group's. The ability to assume the same ID as the user during
349 349 execution is, for example, used during login when you begin as root but need to
350 350 assume the identity of the user you login as.
351 351 .sp
352 352 .LP
353 353 In the case of the sequence of group permissions, \fBl\fR can occupy the third
354 354 position. \fBl\fR refers to mandatory file and record locking. This permission
355 355 describes a file's ability to allow other files to lock its reading or writing
356 356 permissions during access.
357 357 .sp
358 358 .LP
359 359 For others permissions, the third position can be occupied by \fBt\fR or
360 360 \fBT\fR. These refer to the state of the sticky bit and execution permissions.
361 361 .SS "Color Output"
362 362 .sp
363 363 .LP
364 364 If color output is enabled, the environment variable LS_COLORS is checked. If
365 365 it exists, it's contents are used to control the colors used to display
366 366 filenames. If it is not set, a default list of colors is used. The format of
367 367 LS_COLORS is a colon separated list of attribute specifications. Each attribute
368 368 specification is of the format
369 369 .sp
370 370 .in +2
371 371 .nf
372 372 \fIfilespec\fR=\fIattr\fR[;\fIattr\fR..]
373 373 .fi
374 374 .in -2
375 375 .sp
376 376
377 377 .sp
378 378 .LP
379 379 \fIfilespec\fR is either of the form \fI*.SUFFIX\fR, for example, \fB*.jar\fR
380 380 or \fB*.Z\fR, or one of the following file types:
381 381 .sp
382 382 .ne 2
383 383 .na
384 384 \fB\fBno\fR\fR
385 385 .ad
386 386 .sp .6
387 387 .RS 4n
388 388 Normal file
389 389 .RE
390 390
391 391 .sp
392 392 .ne 2
393 393 .na
394 394 \fB\fBfi\fR\fR
395 395 .ad
396 396 .sp .6
397 397 .RS 4n
398 398 Regular file
399 399 .RE
400 400
401 401 .sp
402 402 .ne 2
403 403 .na
404 404 \fB\fBdi\fR\fR
405 405 .ad
406 406 .sp .6
407 407 .RS 4n
408 408 Directory
409 409 .RE
410 410
411 411 .sp
412 412 .ne 2
413 413 .na
414 414 \fB\fBln\fR\fR
415 415 .ad
416 416 .sp .6
417 417 .RS 4n
418 418 Symbolic link
419 419 .RE
420 420
421 421 .sp
422 422 .ne 2
423 423 .na
424 424 \fB\fBpi\fR\fR
425 425 .ad
426 426 .sp .6
427 427 .RS 4n
428 428 FIFO or named pipe
429 429 .RE
430 430
431 431 .sp
432 432 .ne 2
433 433 .na
434 434 \fB\fBso\fR\fR
435 435 .ad
436 436 .sp .6
437 437 .RS 4n
438 438 Socket
439 439 .RE
440 440
441 441 .sp
442 442 .ne 2
443 443 .na
444 444 \fB\fBdo\fR\fR
445 445 .ad
446 446 .sp .6
447 447 .RS 4n
448 448 Door file
449 449 .RE
450 450
451 451 .sp
452 452 .ne 2
453 453 .na
454 454 \fB\fBbd\fR\fR
455 455 .ad
456 456 .sp .6
457 457 .RS 4n
458 458 Block device
459 459 .RE
460 460
461 461 .sp
462 462 .ne 2
463 463 .na
464 464 \fB\fBcd\fR\fR
465 465 .ad
466 466 .sp .6
467 467 .RS 4n
468 468 Character device
469 469 .RE
470 470
471 471 .sp
472 472 .ne 2
473 473 .na
474 474 \fB\fBex\fR\fR
475 475 .ad
476 476 .sp .6
477 477 .RS 4n
478 478 Execute bit (either \fBuser\fR, \fBgroup\fR, or \fBother\fR) set
479 479 .RE
480 480
481 481 .sp
482 482 .ne 2
483 483 .na
484 484 \fB\fBpo\fR\fR
485 485 .ad
486 486 .sp .6
487 487 .RS 4n
488 488 Event port
489 489 .RE
490 490
491 491 .sp
492 492 .ne 2
493 493 .na
494 494 \fB\fBst\fR\fR
495 495 .ad
496 496 .sp .6
497 497 .RS 4n
498 498 Sticky bit set
499 499 .RE
500 500
501 501 .sp
502 502 .ne 2
503 503 .na
504 504 \fB\fBor\fR\fR
505 505 .ad
506 506 .sp .6
507 507 .RS 4n
508 508 Orphaned symlink
509 509 .RE
510 510
511 511 .sp
512 512 .ne 2
513 513 .na
514 514 \fB\fBsg\fR\fR
515 515 .ad
516 516 .sp .6
517 517 .RS 4n
518 518 \fBsetgid\fR binary
519 519 .RE
520 520
521 521 .sp
522 522 .ne 2
523 523 .na
524 524 \fB\fBsu\fR\fR
525 525 .ad
526 526 .sp .6
527 527 .RS 4n
528 528 \fBsetuid\fR binary
529 529 .RE
530 530
531 531 .sp
532 532 .ne 2
533 533 .na
534 534 \fB\fBow\fR\fR
535 535 .ad
536 536 .sp .6
537 537 .RS 4n
538 538 \fBworld\fR writable
539 539 .RE
540 540
541 541 .sp
542 542 .ne 2
543 543 .na
544 544 \fB\fBtw\fR\fR
545 545 .ad
546 546 .sp .6
547 547 .RS 4n
548 548 Sticky bit and \fBworld\fR writable
549 549 .RE
550 550
551 551 .sp
552 552 .LP
553 553 \fIattr\fR is a semicolon delimited list of color and display attributes which
554 554 are combined to determine the final output color. Any combination of \fIattr\fR
555 555 values can be specified. Possible \fIattr\fR values are:
556 556 .sp
557 557 .ne 2
558 558 .na
559 559 \fB\fB00\fR\fR
560 560 .ad
561 561 .sp .6
562 562 .RS 4n
563 563 All attributes off (default terminal color)
564 564 .RE
565 565
566 566 .sp
567 567 .ne 2
568 568 .na
569 569 \fB\fB01\fR\fR
570 570 .ad
571 571 .sp .6
572 572 .RS 4n
573 573 Display text in bold
574 574 .RE
575 575
576 576 .sp
577 577 .ne 2
578 578 .na
579 579 \fB\fB04\fR\fR
580 580 .ad
581 581 .sp .6
582 582 .RS 4n
583 583 Display text with an underscore
584 584 .RE
585 585
586 586 .sp
587 587 .ne 2
588 588 .na
589 589 \fB\fB05\fR\fR
590 590 .ad
591 591 .sp .6
592 592 .RS 4n
593 593 Display text in bold
594 594 .RE
595 595
596 596 .sp
597 597 .ne 2
598 598 .na
599 599 \fB\fB07\fR\fR
600 600 .ad
601 601 .sp .6
602 602 .RS 4n
603 603 Display text with foreground and background colors reversed
604 604 .RE
605 605
606 606 .sp
607 607 .ne 2
608 608 .na
609 609 \fB\fB08\fR\fR
610 610 .ad
611 611 .sp .6
612 612 .RS 4n
613 613 Display using concealed text.
614 614 .RE
615 615
616 616 .sp
617 617 .LP
618 618 One of the following values can be chosen. If multiple values are specified,
619 619 the last specified value is used.
620 620 .sp
621 621 .ne 2
622 622 .na
623 623 \fB\fB30\fR\fR
624 624 .ad
625 625 .sp .6
626 626 .RS 4n
627 627 Set foreground to \fBblack\fR.
628 628 .RE
629 629
630 630 .sp
631 631 .ne 2
632 632 .na
633 633 \fB\fB31\fR\fR
634 634 .ad
635 635 .sp .6
636 636 .RS 4n
637 637 Set foreground to \fBred\fR.
638 638 .RE
639 639
640 640 .sp
641 641 .ne 2
642 642 .na
643 643 \fB\fB32\fR\fR
644 644 .ad
645 645 .sp .6
646 646 .RS 4n
647 647 Set foreground to \fBgreen\fR.
648 648 .RE
649 649
650 650 .sp
651 651 .ne 2
652 652 .na
653 653 \fB\fB33\fR\fR
654 654 .ad
655 655 .sp .6
656 656 .RS 4n
657 657 Set foreground to \fByellow\fR.
658 658 .RE
659 659
660 660 .sp
661 661 .ne 2
662 662 .na
663 663 \fB\fB34\fR\fR
664 664 .ad
665 665 .sp .6
666 666 .RS 4n
667 667 Set foreground to \fBblue\fR.
668 668 .RE
669 669
670 670 .sp
671 671 .ne 2
672 672 .na
673 673 \fB\fB35\fR\fR
674 674 .ad
675 675 .sp .6
676 676 .RS 4n
677 677 Set foreground to \fBmagenta\fR (\fBpurple\fR).
678 678 .sp
679 679 Set foreground to \fB\fR.
680 680 .RE
681 681
682 682 .sp
683 683 .ne 2
684 684 .na
685 685 \fB\fB36\fR\fR
686 686 .ad
687 687 .sp .6
688 688 .RS 4n
689 689 Set foreground to \fBcyan\fR.
690 690 .RE
691 691
692 692 .sp
693 693 .ne 2
694 694 .na
695 695 \fB\fB37\fR\fR
696 696 .ad
697 697 .sp .6
698 698 .RS 4n
699 699 Set foreground to \fBwhite\fR.
700 700 .RE
701 701
702 702 .sp
703 703 .ne 2
704 704 .na
705 705 \fB\fB39\fR\fR
706 706 .ad
707 707 .sp .6
708 708 .RS 4n
709 709 Set foreground to default terminal color.
710 710 .RE
711 711
712 712 .sp
713 713 .LP
714 714 One of the following can be specified. If multiple values are specified, the
715 715 last value specified is used.
716 716 .sp
717 717 .ne 2
718 718 .na
719 719 \fB\fB40\fR\fR
720 720 .ad
721 721 .sp .6
722 722 .RS 4n
723 723 Set foreground to \fBblack\fR.
724 724 .RE
725 725
726 726 .sp
727 727 .ne 2
728 728 .na
729 729 \fB\fB41\fR\fR
730 730 .ad
731 731 .sp .6
732 732 .RS 4n
733 733 Set foreground to \fBred\fR.
734 734 .RE
735 735
736 736 .sp
737 737 .ne 2
738 738 .na
739 739 \fB\fB42\fR\fR
740 740 .ad
741 741 .sp .6
742 742 .RS 4n
743 743 Set foreground to \fBgreen\fR.
744 744 .RE
745 745
746 746 .sp
747 747 .ne 2
748 748 .na
749 749 \fB\fB43\fR\fR
750 750 .ad
751 751 .sp .6
752 752 .RS 4n
753 753 Set foreground to \fByellow\fR.
754 754 .RE
755 755
756 756 .sp
757 757 .ne 2
758 758 .na
759 759 \fB\fB44\fR\fR
760 760 .ad
761 761 .sp .6
762 762 .RS 4n
763 763 Set foreground to \fBblue\fR.
764 764 .RE
765 765
766 766 .sp
767 767 .ne 2
768 768 .na
769 769 \fB\fB45\fR\fR
770 770 .ad
771 771 .sp .6
772 772 .RS 4n
773 773 Set foreground to \fBmagenta\fR (\fBpurple\fR).
774 774 .RE
775 775
776 776 .sp
777 777 .ne 2
778 778 .na
779 779 \fB\fB46\fR\fR
780 780 .ad
781 781 .sp .6
782 782 .RS 4n
783 783 Set foreground to \fBcyan\fR.
784 784 .RE
785 785
786 786 .sp
787 787 .ne 2
788 788 .na
789 789 \fB\fB47\fR\fR
790 790 .ad
791 791 .sp .6
792 792 .RS 4n
793 793 Set foreground to \fBwhite\fR.
794 794 .RE
795 795
796 796 .sp
797 797 .ne 2
798 798 .na
799 799 \fB\fB49\fR\fR
800 800 .ad
801 801 .sp .6
802 802 .RS 4n
803 803 Set foreground to default terminal color.
804 804 .RE
805 805
806 806 .sp
807 807 .LP
808 808 On some terminals, setting the bold attribute causes the foreground colors to
809 809 be high-intensity, that is, brighter. In such cases the low-intensity yellow is
810 810 often displayed as a brown or orange color.
811 811 .sp
812 812 .LP
813 813 At least one attribute must be listed for a file specification.
814 814 .sp
815 815 .LP
816 816 The appropriate color codes are chosen by selecting the most specific match,
817 817 starting with the file suffixes and proceeding with the file types until a
818 818 match is found. The \fBno\fR (normal file) type matches any file.
819 819 .SH OPTIONS
820 820 .sp
821 821 .LP
822 822 The following options are supported:
823 823 .SS "/usr/bin/ls, /usr/xpg4/bin/ls, and /usr/xpg6/bin/ls"
824 824 .sp
825 825 .LP
826 826 The following options are supported for all three versions:
827 827 .sp
828 828 .ne 2
829 829 .na
830 830 \fB\fB-a\fR\fR
831 831 .ad
832 832 .br
833 833 .na
834 834 \fB\fB--all\fR\fR
835 835 .ad
836 836 .sp .6
837 837 .RS 4n
838 838 Lists all entries, including those that begin with a dot (\fB\&.\fR), which are
839 839 normally not listed.
840 840 .RE
841 841
842 842 .sp
843 843 .ne 2
844 844 .na
845 845 \fB\fB-A\fR\fR
846 846 .ad
847 847 .br
848 848 .na
849 849 \fB\fB--almost-all\fR\fR
850 850 .ad
851 851 .sp .6
852 852 .RS 4n
853 853 Lists all entries, including those that begin with a dot (\fB\&.\fR), with the
854 854 exception of the working directory (\fB\&.\fR) and the parent directory
855 855 (\fB\&..\fR).
856 856 .RE
857 857
858 858 .sp
859 859 .ne 2
860 860 .na
861 861 \fB\fB-b\fR\fR
862 862 .ad
863 863 .br
864 864 .na
865 865 \fB\fB--escape\fR\fR
866 866 .ad
867 867 .sp .6
868 868 .RS 4n
869 869 Forces printing of non-printable characters to be in the octal
870 870 \fB\e\fR\fIddd\fR notation.
871 871 .RE
872 872
873 873 .sp
874 874 .ne 2
875 875 .na
876 876 \fB\fB-B\fR\fR
877 877 .ad
878 878 .br
879 879 .na
880 880 \fB\fB--ignore-backups\fR\fR
881 881 .ad
882 882 .sp .6
883 883 .RS 4n
884 884 Do not display any files ending with a tilde (\fB~\fR).
885 885 .RE
886 886
887 887 .sp
888 888 .ne 2
889 889 .na
890 890 \fB\fB-c\fR\fR
891 891 .ad
892 892 .sp .6
893 893 .RS 4n
894 894 Uses time of last modification of the i-node (file created, mode changed, and
895 895 so forth) for sorting (\fB-t\fR) or printing (\fB-l\fR or \fB-n\fR).
896 896 .RE
897 897
898 898 .sp
899 899 .ne 2
900 900 .na
901 901 \fB\fB-C\fR\fR
902 902 .ad
903 903 .sp .6
904 904 .RS 4n
905 905 Multi-column output with entries sorted down the columns. This is the default
906 906 output format.
907 907 .RE
908 908
909 909 .sp
910 910 .ne 2
911 911 .na
912 912 \fB\fB-d\fR\fR
913 913 .ad
914 914 .sp .6
915 915 .RS 4n
916 916 If an argument is a directory, lists only its name (not its contents). Often
917 917 used with \fB-l\fR to get the status of a directory.
918 918 .RE
919 919
920 920 .sp
921 921 .ne 2
922 922 .na
923 923 \fB\fB-e\fR\fR
924 924 .ad
925 925 .sp .6
926 926 .RS 4n
927 927 The same as \fB-l\fR, except displays time to the second, and with one format
928 928 for all files regardless of age: \fImmm dd hh:mm:ss yyyy\fR.
929 929 .RE
930 930
931 931 .sp
932 932 .ne 2
933 933 .na
934 934 \fB\fB-E\fR\fR
935 935 .ad
936 936 .sp .6
937 937 .RS 4n
938 938 The same as \fB-l\fR, except displays time to the nanosecond and with one
939 939 format for all files regardless of age: \fIyyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.nnnnnnnnn\fR
940 940 (ISO 8601:2000 format).
941 941 .sp
942 942 In addition, this option displays the offset from UTC in ISO 8601:2000 standard
943 943 format (+\fIhhmm\fR or -\fIhhmm\fR) or no characters if the offset is
944 944 indeterminable. The offset reflects the appropriate standard or alternate
945 945 offset in force at the file's displayed date and time, under the current
946 946 timezone.
947 947 .RE
948 948
949 949 .sp
950 950 .ne 2
951 951 .na
952 952 \fB\fB-f\fR\fR
953 953 .ad
954 954 .sp .6
955 955 .RS 4n
956 956 Forces each argument to be interpreted as a directory and list the name found
957 957 in each slot. This option turns off \fB-l\fR, \fB-t\fR, \fB-s\fR, \fB-S\fR, and
958 958 \fB-r\fR, and turns on \fB-a\fR. The order is the order in which entries appear
959 959 in the directory.
960 960 .RE
961 961
962 962 .sp
963 963 .ne 2
964 964 .na
965 965 \fB\fB-F\fR\fR
966 966 .ad
967 967 .br
968 968 .na
969 969 \fB\fB--classify\fR\fR
970 970 .ad
971 971 .sp .6
972 972 .RS 4n
973 973 Append a symbol after certain types of files to indicate the file type. The
974 974 following symbols are used:
975 975 .sp
976 976 .ne 2
977 977 .na
978 978 \fB\fB/\fR\fR
979 979 .ad
980 980 .sp .6
981 981 .RS 4n
982 982 Directory
983 983 .RE
984 984
985 985 .sp
986 986 .ne 2
987 987 .na
988 988 \fB\fB>\fR\fR
989 989 .ad
990 990 .sp .6
991 991 .RS 4n
992 992 Door file
993 993 .RE
994 994
995 995 .sp
996 996 .ne 2
997 997 .na
998 998 \fB\fB|\fR\fR
999 999 .ad
1000 1000 .sp .6
1001 1001 .RS 4n
1002 1002 Named pipe (\fBFIFO\fR)
1003 1003 .RE
1004 1004
1005 1005 .sp
1006 1006 .ne 2
1007 1007 .na
1008 1008 \fB\fB@\fR\fR
1009 1009 .ad
1010 1010 .sp .6
1011 1011 .RS 4n
1012 1012 Symbolic link
1013 1013 .RE
1014 1014
1015 1015 .sp
1016 1016 .ne 2
1017 1017 .na
1018 1018 \fB\fB=\fR\fR
1019 1019 .ad
1020 1020 .sp .6
1021 1021 .RS 4n
1022 1022 Socket
1023 1023 .RE
1024 1024
1025 1025 .sp
1026 1026 .ne 2
1027 1027 .na
1028 1028 \fB\fB*\fR\fR
1029 1029 .ad
1030 1030 .sp .6
1031 1031 .RS 4n
1032 1032 Executable
1033 1033 .RE
1034 1034
1035 1035 .RE
1036 1036
1037 1037 .sp
1038 1038 .ne 2
1039 1039 .na
1040 1040 \fB\fB-g\fR\fR
1041 1041 .ad
1042 1042 .sp .6
1043 1043 .RS 4n
1044 1044 The same as \fB-l\fR, except that the owner is not printed.
1045 1045 .RE
1046 1046
1047 1047 .sp
1048 1048 .ne 2
1049 1049 .na
1050 1050 \fB\fB-h\fR\fR
1051 1051 .ad
1052 1052 .br
1053 1053 .na
1054 1054 \fB\fB--human-readable\fR\fR
1055 1055 .ad
1056 1056 .sp .6
1057 1057 .RS 4n
1058 1058 All sizes are scaled to a human readable format, for example, \fB14K\fR,
1059 1059 \fB234M\fR, \fB2.7G\fR, or \fB3.0T\fR. Scaling is done by repetitively dividing
1060 1060 by \fB1024\fR. The last --si or -h option determines the divisor used.
1061 1061 .RE
1062 1062
1063 1063 .sp
1064 1064 .ne 2
1065 1065 .na
1066 1066 \fB\fB-H\fR\fR
1067 1067 .ad
1068 1068 .br
1069 1069 .na
1070 1070 \fB\fB--dereference-command-line\fR\fR
1071 1071 .ad
1072 1072 .sp .6
1073 1073 .RS 4n
1074 1074 If an argument is a symbolic link that references a directory, this option
1075 1075 evaluates the file information and file type of the directory that the link
1076 1076 references, rather than those of the link itself. However, the name of the link
1077 1077 is displayed, rather than the referenced directory.
1078 1078 .RE
1079 1079
1080 1080 .sp
1081 1081 .ne 2
1082 1082 .na
1083 1083 \fB\fB-i\fR\fR
1084 1084 .ad
1085 1085 .br
1086 1086 .na
1087 1087 \fB\fB--inode\fR\fR
1088 1088 .ad
1089 1089 .sp .6
1090 1090 .RS 4n
1091 1091 For each file, prints the i-node number in the first column of the report.
1092 1092 .RE
1093 1093
1094 1094 .sp
1095 1095 .ne 2
1096 1096 .na
1097 1097 \fB\fB-k\fR\fR
1098 1098 .ad
1099 1099 .sp .6
1100 1100 .RS 4n
1101 1101 All sizes are printed in kbytes. Equivalent to --block-size=1024.
1102 1102 .RE
1103 1103
1104 1104 .sp
1105 1105 .ne 2
1106 1106 .na
1107 1107 \fB\fB-l\fR\fR
1108 1108 .ad
1109 1109 .sp .6
1110 1110 .RS 4n
1111 1111 Lists in long format, giving mode, \fBACL\fR indication, number of links,
1112 1112 owner, group, size in bytes, and time of last modification for each file (see
1113 1113 above). If the file is a special file, the size field instead contains the
1114 1114 major and minor device numbers. If the time of last modification is greater
1115 1115 than six months ago, it is shown in the format `month date year' for the POSIX
1116 1116 locale. When the \fBLC_TIME\fR locale category is not set to the POSIX locale,
1117 1117 a different format of the time field can be used. Files modified within six
1118 1118 months show `month date time'. If the file is a symbolic link, the filename is
1119 1119 printed followed by "\fB\(->\fR" and the path name of the referenced file.
1120 1120 .RE
1121 1121
1122 1122 .sp
1123 1123 .ne 2
1124 1124 .na
1125 1125 \fB\fB-L\fR\fR
1126 1126 .ad
1127 1127 .br
1128 1128 .na
1129 1129 \fB\fB--dereference\fR\fR
1130 1130 .ad
1131 1131 .sp .6
1132 1132 .RS 4n
1133 1133 If an argument is a symbolic link, this option evaluates the file information
1134 1134 and file type of the file or directory that the link references, rather than
1135 1135 those of the link itself. However, the name of the link is displayed, rather
1136 1136 than the referenced file or directory.
1137 1137 .RE
1138 1138
1139 1139 .sp
1140 1140 .ne 2
1141 1141 .na
1142 1142 \fB\fB-m\fR\fR
1143 1143 .ad
1144 1144 .sp .6
1145 1145 .RS 4n
1146 1146 Streams output format. Files are listed across the page, separated by commas.
1147 1147 .RE
1148 1148
1149 1149 .sp
1150 1150 .ne 2
1151 1151 .na
1152 1152 \fB\fB-n\fR\fR
1153 1153 .ad
1154 1154 .br
1155 1155 .na
1156 1156 \fB\fB--numeric-uid-gid\fR\fR
1157 1157 .ad
1158 1158 .sp .6
1159 1159 .RS 4n
1160 1160 The same as \fB-l\fR, except that the owner's \fBUID\fR and group's \fBGID\fR
1161 1161 numbers are printed, rather than the associated character strings.
1162 1162 .RE
1163 1163
1164 1164 .sp
1165 1165 .ne 2
1166 1166 .na
1167 1167 \fB\fB-o\fR\fR
1168 1168 .ad
1169 1169 .br
1170 1170 .na
1171 1171 \fB\fB--no-group\fR\fR
1172 1172 .ad
1173 1173 .sp .6
1174 1174 .RS 4n
1175 1175 The same as \fB-l\fR, except that the group is not printed.
1176 1176 .RE
1177 1177
1178 1178 .sp
1179 1179 .ne 2
1180 1180 .na
1181 1181 \fB\fB-p\fR\fR
1182 1182 .ad
1183 1183 .sp .6
1184 1184 .RS 4n
1185 1185 Puts a slash (\fB/\fR) after each filename if the file is a directory.
1186 1186 .RE
1187 1187
1188 1188 .sp
1189 1189 .ne 2
1190 1190 .na
1191 1191 \fB\fB-q\fR\fR
1192 1192 .ad
1193 1193 .br
1194 1194 .na
1195 1195 \fB\fB--hide-control-chars\fR\fR
1196 1196 .ad
1197 1197 .sp .6
1198 1198 .RS 4n
1199 1199 Forces printing of non-printable characters in file names as the character
1200 1200 question mark (\fB?\fR).
1201 1201 .RE
1202 1202
1203 1203 .sp
1204 1204 .ne 2
1205 1205 .na
1206 1206 \fB\fB-r\fR\fR
1207 1207 .ad
1208 1208 .br
1209 1209 .na
1210 1210 \fB\fB--reverse\fR\fR
1211 1211 .ad
1212 1212 .sp .6
1213 1213 .RS 4n
1214 1214 Reverses the order of sort to get reverse alphabetic, oldest first, or smallest
1215 1215 file size first as appropriate.
1216 1216 .RE
1217 1217
1218 1218 .sp
1219 1219 .ne 2
1220 1220 .na
1221 1221 \fB\fB-R\fR\fR
1222 1222 .ad
1223 1223 .br
1224 1224 .na
1225 1225 \fB\fB--recursive\fR\fR
1226 1226 .ad
1227 1227 .sp .6
1228 1228 .RS 4n
1229 1229 Recursively lists subdirectories encountered.
1230 1230 .RE
1231 1231
1232 1232 .sp
1233 1233 .ne 2
1234 1234 .na
1235 1235 \fB\fB-s\fR\fR
1236 1236 .ad
1237 1237 .br
1238 1238 .na
1239 1239 \fB\fB--size\fR\fR
1240 1240 .ad
1241 1241 .sp .6
1242 1242 .RS 4n
1243 1243 Indicate the total number of file system blocks consumed by each file
1244 1244 displayed.
1245 1245 .RE
1246 1246
1247 1247 .sp
1248 1248 .ne 2
1249 1249 .na
1250 1250 \fB\fB-S\fR\fR
1251 1251 .ad
1252 1252 .sp .6
1253 1253 .RS 4n
1254 1254 Sort by file size (in decreasing order) and for files with the same size by
1255 1255 file name (in increasing alphabetic order) instead of just by name.
1256 1256 .RE
1257 1257
1258 1258 .sp
1259 1259 .ne 2
1260 1260 .na
1261 1261 \fB\fB-t\fR\fR
1262 1262 .ad
1263 1263 .sp .6
1264 1264 .RS 4n
1265 1265 Sorts by time stamp (latest first) instead of by name. The default is the last
1266 1266 modification time. See \fB-c\fR, \fB-u\fR and \fB-%\fR.
1267 1267 .RE
1268 1268
1269 1269 .sp
1270 1270 .ne 2
1271 1271 .na
1272 1272 \fB\fB-u\fR\fR
1273 1273 .ad
1274 1274 .sp .6
1275 1275 .RS 4n
1276 1276 Uses time of last access instead of last modification for sorting (with the
1277 1277 \fB-t\fR option) or printing (with the \fB-l\fR option).
1278 1278 .RE
1279 1279
1280 1280 .sp
1281 1281 .ne 2
1282 1282 .na
1283 1283 \fB\fB-U\fR\fR
1284 1284 .ad
1285 1285 .sp .6
1286 1286 .RS 4n
1287 1287 Output is unsorted.
1288 1288 .RE
1289 1289
1290 1290 .sp
1291 1291 .ne 2
1292 1292 .na
1293 1293 \fB\fB-v\fR\fR
1294 1294 .ad
1295 1295 .sp .6
1296 1296 .RS 4n
1297 1297 The same as \fB-l\fR, except that verbose ACL information is displayed as well
1298 1298 as the \fB-l\fR output. ACL information is displayed even if the file or
1299 1299 directory doesn't have an ACL.
1300 1300 .RE
1301 1301
1302 1302 .sp
1303 1303 .ne 2
1304 1304 .na
1305 1305 \fB\fB-V\fR\fR
1306 1306 .ad
1307 1307 .sp .6
1308 1308 .RS 4n
1309 1309 The same as \fB-l\fR, except that compact ACL information is displayed after
1310 1310 the \fB-l\fR output.
1311 1311 .sp
1312 1312 The \fB-V\fR option is only applicable to file systems that support NFSv4 ACLs,
1313 1313 such as the Solaris ZFS file system.
1314 1314 .sp
1315 1315 The format of the displayed ACL is as follows:
1316 1316 .sp
1317 1317 .in +2
1318 1318 .nf
1319 1319 \fIentry_type\fR : \fIpermissions\fR : \fIinheritance_flags\fR : \fIaccess_type\fR
1320 1320 .fi
1321 1321 .in -2
1322 1322 .sp
1323 1323
1324 1324 \fIentry_type\fR is displayed as one of the following:
1325 1325 .sp
1326 1326 .ne 2
1327 1327 .na
1328 1328 \fBuser:\fIusername\fR\fR
1329 1329 .ad
1330 1330 .sp .6
1331 1331 .RS 4n
1332 1332 Additional user access for \fIusername\fR.
1333 1333 .RE
1334 1334
1335 1335 .sp
1336 1336 .ne 2
1337 1337 .na
1338 1338 \fBgroup:\fIgroupname\fR\fR
1339 1339 .ad
1340 1340 .sp .6
1341 1341 .RS 4n
1342 1342 Additional group access for group \fIgroupname\fR.
1343 1343 .RE
1344 1344
1345 1345 .sp
1346 1346 .ne 2
1347 1347 .na
1348 1348 \fBowner@\fR
1349 1349 .ad
1350 1350 .sp .6
1351 1351 .RS 4n
1352 1352 File owner.
1353 1353 .RE
1354 1354
1355 1355 .sp
1356 1356 .ne 2
1357 1357 .na
1358 1358 \fBgroup@\fR
1359 1359 .ad
1360 1360 .sp .6
1361 1361 .RS 4n
1362 1362 File group owner.
1363 1363 .RE
1364 1364
1365 1365 .sp
1366 1366 .ne 2
1367 1367 .na
1368 1368 \fBeveryone@\fR
1369 1369 .ad
1370 1370 .sp .6
1371 1371 .RS 4n
1372 1372 Everyone access, including file owner and file group owner. This is not
1373 1373 equivalent to the POSIX other class.
1374 1374 .RE
1375 1375
1376 1376 The following permissions, supported by the NFSv4 ACL model, are displayed by
1377 1377 using the \fB-v\fR or \fB-V\fR options:
1378 1378 .sp
1379 1379 .ne 2
1380 1380 .na
1381 1381 \fBread_data (\fBr\fR)\fR
1382 1382 .ad
1383 1383 .sp .6
1384 1384 .RS 4n
1385 1385 Permission to read the data of a file.
1386 1386 .RE
1387 1387
1388 1388 .sp
1389 1389 .ne 2
1390 1390 .na
1391 1391 \fBlist_directory (\fBr\fR)\fR
1392 1392 .ad
1393 1393 .sp .6
1394 1394 .RS 4n
1395 1395 Permission to list the contents of a directory.
1396 1396 .RE
1397 1397
1398 1398 .sp
1399 1399 .ne 2
1400 1400 .na
1401 1401 \fBwrite_data (\fBw\fR)\fR
1402 1402 .ad
1403 1403 .sp .6
1404 1404 .RS 4n
1405 1405 Permission to modify a file's data. anywhere in the file's offset range.
1406 1406 .RE
1407 1407
1408 1408 .sp
1409 1409 .ne 2
1410 1410 .na
1411 1411 \fBadd_file (\fBw\fR)\fR
1412 1412 .ad
1413 1413 .sp .6
1414 1414 .RS 4n
1415 1415 Permission to add a new file to a directory.
1416 1416 .RE
1417 1417
1418 1418 .sp
1419 1419 .ne 2
1420 1420 .na
1421 1421 \fBappend_data (\fBp\fR)\fR
1422 1422 .ad
1423 1423 .sp .6
1424 1424 .RS 4n
1425 1425 The ability to modify a file's data, but only starting at EOF.
1426 1426 .RE
1427 1427
1428 1428 .sp
1429 1429 .ne 2
1430 1430 .na
1431 1431 \fBadd_subdirectory (\fBp\fR)\fR
1432 1432 .ad
1433 1433 .sp .6
1434 1434 .RS 4n
1435 1435 Permission to create a subdirectory to a directory.
1436 1436 .RE
1437 1437
1438 1438 .sp
1439 1439 .ne 2
1440 1440 .na
1441 1441 \fBread_xattr (\fBR\fR)\fR
1442 1442 .ad
1443 1443 .sp .6
1444 1444 .RS 4n
1445 1445 Ability to read the extended attributes of a file.
1446 1446 .RE
1447 1447
1448 1448 .sp
1449 1449 .ne 2
1450 1450 .na
1451 1451 \fBwrite_xattr (\fBW\fR)\fR
1452 1452 .ad
1453 1453 .sp .6
1454 1454 .RS 4n
1455 1455 Ability to create extended attributes or write to the extended attribute
1456 1456 directory.
1457 1457 .RE
1458 1458
1459 1459 .sp
1460 1460 .ne 2
1461 1461 .na
1462 1462 \fBexecute (\fBx\fR)\fR
1463 1463 .ad
1464 1464 .sp .6
1465 1465 .RS 4n
1466 1466 Permission to execute a file.
1467 1467 .RE
1468 1468
1469 1469 .sp
1470 1470 .ne 2
1471 1471 .na
1472 1472 \fBread_attributes (\fBa\fR)\fR
1473 1473 .ad
1474 1474 .sp .6
1475 1475 .RS 4n
1476 1476 The ability to read basic attributes (non-ACLs) of a file.
1477 1477 .RE
1478 1478
1479 1479 .sp
1480 1480 .ne 2
1481 1481 .na
1482 1482 \fBwrite_attributes (\fBA\fR)\fR
1483 1483 .ad
1484 1484 .sp .6
1485 1485 .RS 4n
1486 1486 Permission to change the times associated with a file or directory to an
1487 1487 arbitrary value.
1488 1488 .RE
1489 1489
1490 1490 .sp
1491 1491 .ne 2
1492 1492 .na
1493 1493 \fBdelete (\fBd\fR)\fR
1494 1494 .ad
1495 1495 .sp .6
1496 1496 .RS 4n
1497 1497 Permission to delete a file.
1498 1498 .RE
1499 1499
1500 1500 .sp
1501 1501 .ne 2
1502 1502 .na
1503 1503 \fBdelete_child (\fBD\fR)\fR
1504 1504 .ad
1505 1505 .sp .6
1506 1506 .RS 4n
1507 1507 Permission to delete a file within a directory.
1508 1508 .RE
1509 1509
1510 1510 .sp
1511 1511 .ne 2
1512 1512 .na
1513 1513 \fBread_acl (\fBc\fR)\fR
1514 1514 .ad
1515 1515 .sp .6
1516 1516 .RS 4n
1517 1517 Permission to read the ACL of a file.
1518 1518 .RE
1519 1519
1520 1520 .sp
1521 1521 .ne 2
1522 1522 .na
1523 1523 \fBwrite_acl (\fBC\fR)\fR
1524 1524 .ad
1525 1525 .sp .6
1526 1526 .RS 4n
1527 1527 Permission to write the ACL of a file.
1528 1528 .RE
1529 1529
1530 1530 .sp
1531 1531 .ne 2
1532 1532 .na
1533 1533 \fBwrite_owner (\fBo\fR)\fR
1534 1534 .ad
1535 1535 .sp .6
1536 1536 .RS 4n
1537 1537 Permission to change the owner of a file.
1538 1538 .RE
1539 1539
1540 1540 .sp
1541 1541 .ne 2
1542 1542 .na
1543 1543 \fBsynchronize (\fBs\fR)\fR
1544 1544 .ad
1545 1545 .sp .6
1546 1546 .RS 4n
1547 1547 Permission to access file locally at server with synchronize reads and writes.
1548 1548 .RE
1549 1549
1550 1550 .sp
1551 1551 .ne 2
1552 1552 .na
1553 1553 \fB\fB-\fR\fR
1554 1554 .ad
1555 1555 .sp .6
1556 1556 .RS 4n
1557 1557 No permission granted
1558 1558 .RE
1559 1559
1560 1560 The following inheritance flags, supported by the NFSv4 ACL model, are
1561 1561 displayed by using the \fB-v\fR or \fB-V\fR options:
1562 1562 .sp
1563 1563 .ne 2
1564 1564 .na
1565 1565 \fBfile_inherit (\fBf\fR)\fR
1566 1566 .ad
1567 1567 .sp .6
1568 1568 .RS 4n
1569 1569 Inherit to all newly created files.
1570 1570 .RE
1571 1571
1572 1572 .sp
1573 1573 .ne 2
1574 1574 .na
1575 1575 \fBdir_inherit (\fBd\fR)\fR
1576 1576 .ad
1577 1577 .sp .6
1578 1578 .RS 4n
1579 1579 Inherit to all newly created directories.
1580 1580 .RE
1581 1581
1582 1582 .sp
1583 1583 .ne 2
1584 1584 .na
1585 1585 \fBinherit_only (\fBi\fR)\fR
1586 1586 .ad
1587 1587 .sp .6
1588 1588 .RS 4n
1589 1589 When placed on a directory, do not apply to the directory, only to newly
1590 1590 created files and directories. This flag requires that either
1591 1591 \fBfile_inherit\fR and or \fBdir_inherit\fR is also specified.
1592 1592 .RE
1593 1593
1594 1594 .sp
1595 1595 .ne 2
1596 1596 .na
1597 1597 \fBno_propagate (\fBn\fR)\fR
1598 1598 .ad
1599 1599 .sp .6
1600 1600 .RS 4n
1601 1601 Indicates that ACL entries should be inherited to objects in a directory, but
1602 1602 inheritance should stop after descending one level. This flag is dependent upon
1603 1603 either \fBfile_inherit\fR and or \fBdir_inherit\fR also being specified.
1604 1604 .RE
1605 1605
1606 1606 .sp
1607 1607 .ne 2
1608 1608 .na
1609 1609 \fBsuccessful_access (\fBS\fR)\fR
1610 1610 .ad
1611 1611 .sp .6
1612 1612 .RS 4n
1613 1613 Indicates if an alarm or audit record should be initiated upon successful
1614 1614 accesses. Used with audit/alarm ACE types.
1615 1615 .RE
1616 1616
1617 1617 .sp
1618 1618 .ne 2
1619 1619 .na
1620 1620 \fBfailed_access (\fBF\fR)\fR
1621 1621 .ad
1622 1622 .sp .6
1623 1623 .RS 4n
1624 1624 Indicates if an alarm or audit record should be initiated when access fails.
1625 1625 Used with audit/alarm ACE types.
1626 1626 .RE
1627 1627
1628 1628 .sp
1629 1629 .ne 2
1630 1630 .na
1631 1631 \fBinherited (\fBI\fR)\fR
1632 1632 .ad
1633 1633 .sp .6
1634 1634 .RS 4n
1635 1635 ACE was inherited.
1636 1636 .RE
1637 1637
1638 1638 .sp
1639 1639 .ne 2
1640 1640 .na
1641 1641 \fB\fB-\fR\fR
1642 1642 .ad
1643 1643 .sp .6
1644 1644 .RS 4n
1645 1645 No permission granted.
1646 1646 .RE
1647 1647
1648 1648 \fIaccess_type\fR is displayed as one of the following types:
1649 1649 .sp
1650 1650 .ne 2
1651 1651 .na
1652 1652 \fBalarm\fR
1653 1653 .ad
1654 1654 .RS 9n
1655 1655 Permission field that specifies permissions that should trigger an alarm.
1656 1656 .RE
1657 1657
1658 1658 .sp
1659 1659 .ne 2
1660 1660 .na
1661 1661 \fBallow\fR
1662 1662 .ad
1663 1663 .RS 9n
1664 1664 Permission field that specifies allow permissions.
1665 1665 .RE
1666 1666
1667 1667 .sp
1668 1668 .ne 2
1669 1669 .na
1670 1670 \fBaudit\fR
1671 1671 .ad
1672 1672 .RS 9n
1673 1673 Permission field that specifies permissions that should be audited.
1674 1674 .RE
1675 1675
1676 1676 .sp
1677 1677 .ne 2
1678 1678 .na
1679 1679 \fBdeny\fR
1680 1680 .ad
1681 1681 .RS 9n
1682 1682 Permission field that specifies deny permissions.
1683 1683 .RE
1684 1684
1685 1685 For example:
1686 1686 .sp
1687 1687 .in +2
1688 1688 .nf
1689 1689 $ ls -dV /sandbox/dir.1
1690 1690 drwxr-xr-x+ 2 root root 2 Jan 17 15:09 dir.1
1691 1691 user:marks:r-------------:fd-----:allow
1692 1692 owner@:--------------:-------:deny
1693 1693 owner@:rwxp---A-W-Co-:-------:allow
1694 1694 group@:-w-p----------:-------:deny
1695 1695 group@:r-x-----------:-------:allow
1696 1696 everyone@:-w-p---A-W-Co-:-------:deny
1697 1697 everyone@:r-x---a-R-c--s:-------:allow
1698 1698 $
1699 1699 ||||||||||||||||:||||||+ inherited access
1700 1700 ||||||||||||||:||||||+ failed access
1701 1701 ||||||||||||||:|||||+--success access
1702 1702 ||||||||||||||:||||+-- no propagate
1703 1703 ||||||||||||||:|||+--- inherit only
1704 1704 ||||||||||||||:||+---- directory inherit
1705 1705 ||||||||||||||:|+----- file inherit
1706 1706 ||||||||||||||
1707 1707 ||||||||||||||+ sync
1708 1708 |||||||||||||+- change owner
1709 1709 ||||||||||||+-- write ACL
1710 1710 |||||||||||+--- read ACL
1711 1711 ||||||||||+---- write extended attributes
1712 1712 |||||||||+----- read extended attributes
1713 1713 ||||||||+------ write attributes
1714 1714 |||||||+------- read attributes
1715 1715 ||||||+-------- delete child
1716 1716 |||||+--------- delete
1717 1717 ||||+---------- append
1718 1718 |||+----------- execute
1719 1719 ||+------------ write data
1720 1720 |+------------- read data
1721 1721 .fi
1722 1722 .in -2
1723 1723 .sp
1724 1724
1725 1725 .RE
1726 1726
1727 1727 .sp
1728 1728 .ne 2
1729 1729 .na
1730 1730 \fB\fB-w\fR \fIcols\fR\fR
1731 1731 .ad
1732 1732 .br
1733 1733 .na
1734 1734 \fB\fB--width\fR \fIcols\fR\fR
1735 1735 .ad
1736 1736 .sp .6
1737 1737 .RS 4n
1738 1738 Multi-column output where the column width is forced to \fIcols\fR.
1739 1739 .RE
1740 1740
1741 1741 .sp
1742 1742 .ne 2
1743 1743 .na
1744 1744 \fB\fB-x\fR\fR
1745 1745 .ad
1746 1746 .sp .6
1747 1747 .RS 4n
1748 1748 Multi-column output with entries sorted across rather than down the page.
1749 1749 .RE
1750 1750
1751 1751 .sp
1752 1752 .ne 2
1753 1753 .na
1754 1754 \fB\fB-1\fR\fR
1755 1755 .ad
1756 1756 .sp .6
1757 1757 .RS 4n
1758 1758 Prints one entry per line of output.
1759 1759 .RE
1760 1760
1761 1761 .sp
1762 1762 .ne 2
1763 1763 .na
1764 1764 \fB\fB-@\fR\fR
1765 1765 .ad
|
↓ open down ↓ |
1765 lines elided |
↑ open up ↑ |
1766 1766 .sp .6
1767 1767 .RS 4n
1768 1768 The same as \fB-l\fR, except that extended attribute information overrides
1769 1769 \fBACL\fR information. An \fB@\fR is displayed after the file permission bits
1770 1770 for files that have extended attributes.
1771 1771 .RE
1772 1772
1773 1773 .sp
1774 1774 .ne 2
1775 1775 .na
1776 -\fB\fB-c\fR | \fB-v\fR\fR
1776 +\fB-/ \fBc\fR | \fBv\fR\fR
1777 1777 .ad
1778 1778 .sp .6
1779 1779 .RS 4n
1780 1780 The same as \fB-l\fR, and in addition displays the extended system attributes
1781 1781 associated with the file when extended system attributes are fully supported by
1782 1782 the underlying file system. The option \fB-/\fR supports two option arguments
1783 1783 \fBc\fR (compact mode) and \fBv\fR (verbose mode).
1784 1784 .sp
1785 1785 .ne 2
1786 1786 .na
1787 1787 \fB\fBappendonly\fR\fR
1788 1788 .ad
1789 1789 .sp .6
1790 1790 .RS 4n
1791 1791 Allows a file to be modified only at offset \fBEOF\fR. Attempts to modify a
1792 1792 file at a location other than \fBEOF\fR fails with \fBEPERM\fR.
1793 1793 .RE
1794 1794
1795 1795 .sp
1796 1796 .ne 2
1797 1797 .na
1798 1798 \fB\fBarchive\fR\fR
1799 1799 .ad
1800 1800 .sp .6
1801 1801 .RS 4n
1802 1802 Indicates if a file has been modified since it was last backed up. Whenever the
1803 1803 modification time (\fBmtime\fR) of a file is changed the \fBarchive\fR
1804 1804 attribute is set.
1805 1805 .RE
1806 1806
1807 1807 .sp
1808 1808 .ne 2
1809 1809 .na
1810 1810 \fB\fBav_modified\fR\fR
1811 1811 .ad
1812 1812 .sp .6
1813 1813 .RS 4n
1814 1814 ZFS sets the anti-virus attribute which whenever a file's content or size
1815 1815 changes or when the file is renamed.
1816 1816 .RE
1817 1817
1818 1818 .sp
1819 1819 .ne 2
1820 1820 .na
1821 1821 \fB\fBav_quarantined\fR\fR
1822 1822 .ad
1823 1823 .sp .6
1824 1824 .RS 4n
1825 1825 Anti-virus software sets to mark a file as quarantined.
1826 1826 .RE
1827 1827
1828 1828 .sp
1829 1829 .ne 2
1830 1830 .na
1831 1831 \fB\fBcrtime\fR\fR
1832 1832 .ad
1833 1833 .sp .6
1834 1834 .RS 4n
1835 1835 Timestamp when a file is created.
1836 1836 .RE
1837 1837
1838 1838 .sp
1839 1839 .ne 2
1840 1840 .na
1841 1841 \fB\fBhidden\fR\fR
1842 1842 .ad
1843 1843 .sp .6
1844 1844 .RS 4n
1845 1845 Marks a file as hidden.
1846 1846 .RE
1847 1847
1848 1848 .sp
1849 1849 .ne 2
1850 1850 .na
1851 1851 \fB\fBimmutable\fR\fR
1852 1852 .ad
1853 1853 .sp .6
1854 1854 .RS 4n
1855 1855 Prevents the content of a file from being modified. Also prevents all metadata
1856 1856 changes, except for access time updates. When placed on a directory, prevents
1857 1857 the deletion and creation of files in the directories. Attempts to modify the
1858 1858 content of a file or directory marked as \fBimmutable\fR fail with \fBEPERM\fR.
1859 1859 Attempts to modify any attributes (with the exception of access time and, with
1860 1860 the proper privileges, the \fBimmutable\fR) of a file marked as \fBimmutable\fR
1861 1861 fails with \fBEPERM\fR.
1862 1862 .RE
1863 1863
1864 1864 .sp
1865 1865 .ne 2
1866 1866 .na
1867 1867 \fB\fBnodump\fR\fR
1868 1868 .ad
1869 1869 .sp .6
1870 1870 .RS 4n
1871 1871 Solaris systems have no special semantics for this attribute.
1872 1872 .RE
1873 1873
1874 1874 .sp
1875 1875 .ne 2
1876 1876 .na
1877 1877 \fB\fBnounlink\fR\fR
1878 1878 .ad
1879 1879 .sp .6
1880 1880 .RS 4n
1881 1881 Prevents a file from being deleted. On a directory, the attribute also prevents
1882 1882 any changes to the contents of the directory. That is, no files within the
1883 1883 directory can be removed or renamed. The \fBerrno\fR \fBEPERM\fR is returned
1884 1884 when attempting to unlink or rename files and directories that are marked as
1885 1885 \fBnounlink\fR.
1886 1886 .RE
1887 1887
1888 1888 .sp
1889 1889 .ne 2
1890 1890 .na
1891 1891 \fB\fBreadonly\fR\fR
1892 1892 .ad
1893 1893 .sp .6
1894 1894 .RS 4n
1895 1895 Marks a file as \fBreadonly\fR. Once a file is marked as \fBreadonly\fR the
1896 1896 content data of the file cannot be modified. Other metadata for the file can
1897 1897 still be modified.
1898 1898 .RE
1899 1899
1900 1900 .sp
1901 1901 .ne 2
1902 1902 .na
1903 1903 \fB\fBsystem\fR\fR
1904 1904 .ad
1905 1905 .sp .6
1906 1906 .RS 4n
1907 1907 Solaris systems have no special semantics for this attribute.
1908 1908 .RE
1909 1909
1910 1910 .RE
1911 1911
1912 1912 .sp
1913 1913 .LP
1914 1914 The display characters used in compact mode (\fB-/ c\fR) are as follows:
1915 1915 .sp
1916 1916 .in +2
1917 1917 .nf
1918 1918 Attribute Name Display
1919 1919 archive A
1920 1920 hidden H
1921 1921 readonly R
1922 1922 system S
1923 1923 appendonly a
1924 1924 nodump d
1925 1925 immutable i
1926 1926 av_modified m
1927 1927 av_quarantined q
1928 1928 nounlink u
1929 1929 .fi
1930 1930 .in -2
1931 1931 .sp
1932 1932
1933 1933 .sp
1934 1934 .LP
1935 1935 The display in verbose mode (/ v) uses full attribute names when it is set and
1936 1936 the name prefixed by 'no' when it is not set.
1937 1937 .sp
1938 1938 .LP
1939 1939 The attribute name \fBcrtime\fR and all other timestamps are handled by the
1940 1940 option \fB-%\fR with the respective timestamp option arguments and also with
1941 1941 \fBall\fR option argument. The display positions are as follows: The display in
1942 1942 verbose mode (\fB-/ v\fR) uses full attribute names when it is set and the
1943 1943 name prefixed by \fBno\fR when it is not set. The attribute name \fBcrtime\fR
1944 1944 and all other timestamps are handled by the option \fB-%\fR with the respective
1945 1945 timestamp option arguments and also with \fBall\fR option argument.
1946 1946 .sp
1947 1947 .LP
1948 1948 The display positions are as follows:
1949 1949 .sp
1950 1950 .in +2
1951 1951 .nf
1952 1952 {||||||||||}
1953 1953 |||||||||+- u (nounlink)
1954 1954 ||||||||+-- q (av_quarantined)
1955 1955 |||||||+--- m (av_modified)
1956 1956 ||||||+---- i (immutable)
1957 1957 |||||+----- d (nodump)
1958 1958 ||||+------ a (appendonly)
1959 1959 |||+------- S (system)
1960 1960 ||+-------- R (readonly)
1961 1961 |+--------- H (hidden)
1962 1962 +---------- A (archive)
1963 1963 .fi
1964 1964 .in -2
1965 1965 .sp
1966 1966
1967 1967 .sp
1968 1968 .in +2
1969 1969 .nf
1970 1970 -% atime | crtime | ctime | mtime | all
1971 1971 .fi
1972 1972 .in -2
1973 1973 .sp
1974 1974
1975 1975 .sp
1976 1976 .ne 2
1977 1977 .na
1978 1978 \fB\fBatime\fR\fR
1979 1979 .ad
1980 1980 .sp .6
1981 1981 .RS 4n
1982 1982 Equivalent to \fB-u\fR.
1983 1983 .RE
1984 1984
1985 1985 .sp
1986 1986 .ne 2
1987 1987 .na
1988 1988 \fB\fBcrtime\fR\fR
1989 1989 .ad
1990 1990 .sp .6
1991 1991 .RS 4n
1992 1992 Uses the creation time of the file for sorting or printing.
1993 1993 .RE
1994 1994
1995 1995 .sp
1996 1996 .ne 2
1997 1997 .na
1998 1998 \fB\fBctime\fR\fR
1999 1999 .ad
2000 2000 .sp .6
2001 2001 .RS 4n
2002 2002 Equivalent to \fB-c\fR.
2003 2003 .RE
2004 2004
2005 2005 .sp
2006 2006 .ne 2
2007 2007 .na
2008 2008 \fB\fBmtime\fR\fR
2009 2009 .ad
2010 2010 .sp .6
2011 2011 .RS 4n
2012 2012 Uses the last modification time of the file contents for sorting or printing.
2013 2013 .RE
2014 2014
2015 2015 .sp
2016 2016 .LP
2017 2017 If extended system attributes are not supported or if the user does not have
2018 2018 \fBread\fR permission on the file or if the \fBcrtime\fR extended attribute is
2019 2019 not set, \fBcrtime\fR is treated as a synonym for \fBmtime\fR.
2020 2020 .sp
2021 2021 .LP
2022 2022 When option argument \fB-all\fR is specified, all available timestamps are
2023 2023 printed which includes \fB-atime\fR, \fB-ctime\fR, \fB-mtime\fR and on the
2024 2024 extended system attribute supporting file systems, \fB-crtime\fR (create time).
2025 2025 The option \fB-% all\fR does not effect which timestamp is displayed in long
2026 2026 format and does not affect sorting.
2027 2027 .sp
2028 2028 .ne 2
2029 2029 .na
2030 2030 \fB\fB--block-size\fR \fIsize\fR\fR
2031 2031 .ad
2032 2032 .sp .6
2033 2033 .RS 4n
2034 2034 Display sizes in multiples of size. Size can be scaled by suffixing one of
2035 2035 \fBYyZzEePpTtGgMmKk\fR. Additionally, a \fBB\fR can be placed at the end to
2036 2036 indicate powers of 10 instead of 2. For example, . \fB10mB\fR means blocks of
2037 2037 \fB10000000\fR bytes while \fB10m\fR means blocks of \fB10*2^20 -- 10485760
2038 2038 --\fR bytes. This is mutually exclusive with the \fB-h\fR option.
2039 2039 .RE
2040 2040
2041 2041 .sp
2042 2042 .ne 2
2043 2043 .na
2044 2044 \fB\fB--color\fR \fB[=\fR\fIwhen\fR\fB]\fR\fR
2045 2045 .ad
2046 2046 .br
2047 2047 .na
2048 2048 \fB\fB--colour\fR\fB[=\fR\fIwhen\fR\fB]\fR\fR
2049 2049 .ad
2050 2050 .sp .6
2051 2051 .RS 4n
2052 2052 Display filenames using color on color-capable terminals. \fIwhen\fR is an
2053 2053 optional argument that determines when to display color output.
2054 2054 .sp
2055 2055 Possible values for \fIwhen\fR are:
2056 2056 .sp
2057 2057 .ne 2
2058 2058 .na
2059 2059 \fB\fBalways\fR\fR
2060 2060 .ad
2061 2061 .br
2062 2062 .na
2063 2063 \fB\fByes\fR\fR
2064 2064 .ad
2065 2065 .br
2066 2066 .na
2067 2067 \fB\fBforce\fR\fR
2068 2068 .ad
2069 2069 .sp .6
2070 2070 .RS 4n
2071 2071 Always use color.
2072 2072 .RE
2073 2073
2074 2074 .sp
2075 2075 .ne 2
2076 2076 .na
2077 2077 \fB\fBauto\fR\fR
2078 2078 .ad
2079 2079 .br
2080 2080 .na
2081 2081 \fB\fBtty\fR\fR
2082 2082 .ad
2083 2083 .br
2084 2084 .na
2085 2085 \fB\fBif-tty\fR\fR
2086 2086 .ad
2087 2087 .sp .6
2088 2088 .RS 4n
2089 2089 Use color if a terminal is present.
2090 2090 .RE
2091 2091
2092 2092 .sp
2093 2093 .ne 2
2094 2094 .na
2095 2095 \fB\fBno\fR\fR
2096 2096 .ad
2097 2097 .br
2098 2098 .na
2099 2099 \fB\fBnever\fR\fR
2100 2100 .ad
2101 2101 .br
2102 2102 .na
2103 2103 \fB\fBnone\fR\fR
2104 2104 .ad
2105 2105 .sp .6
2106 2106 .RS 4n
2107 2107 Never use color. This is the default
2108 2108 .RE
2109 2109
2110 2110 See \fBCOLOR OUTPUT\fR for information on how to control the output colors.
2111 2111 .RE
2112 2112
2113 2113 .sp
2114 2114 .ne 2
2115 2115 .na
2116 2116 \fB\fB--file-type\fR\fR
2117 2117 .ad
2118 2118 .sp .6
2119 2119 .RS 4n
2120 2120 Display a suffix after a file depending on it's type, similar to the \fB-F\fR
2121 2121 option, except \fB*\fR is not appended to executable files.
2122 2122 .RE
2123 2123
2124 2124 .sp
2125 2125 .ne 2
2126 2126 .na
2127 2127 \fB\fB-si\fR\fR
2128 2128 .ad
2129 2129 .br
2130 2130 .na
2131 2131 \fB\fB--\fR\fR
2132 2132 .ad
2133 2133 .sp .6
2134 2134 .RS 4n
2135 2135 Display human scaled sizes similar to the \fB-h\fR option, except values are
2136 2136 repeatedly divided by 1000 instead of 1024. The last option \fB--si\fR or
2137 2137 \fB-h\fR determines the divisor used.
2138 2138 .RE
2139 2139
2140 2140 .sp
2141 2141 .ne 2
2142 2142 .na
2143 2143 \fB\fB--time-style\fR style\fR
2144 2144 .ad
2145 2145 .sp .6
2146 2146 .RS 4n
2147 2147 Display times using the specified style. This does not effect the times
2148 2148 displayed for extended attributes (\fB-%\fR).
2149 2149 .sp
2150 2150 Possible values for \fIstyle\fR are:
2151 2151 .sp
2152 2152 .ne 2
2153 2153 .na
2154 2154 \fB\fBfull-iso\fR\fR
2155 2155 .ad
2156 2156 .sp .6
2157 2157 .RS 4n
2158 2158 Equivalent to \fB-E\fR.
2159 2159 .RE
2160 2160
2161 2161 .sp
2162 2162 .ne 2
2163 2163 .na
2164 2164 \fB\fBlong-iso\fR\fR
2165 2165 .ad
2166 2166 .sp .6
2167 2167 .RS 4n
2168 2168 Display in \fIYYYY-MM-DD HH:MM\fR for all files.
2169 2169 .RE
2170 2170
2171 2171 .sp
2172 2172 .ne 2
2173 2173 .na
2174 2174 \fB\fBiso\fR\fR
2175 2175 .ad
2176 2176 .sp .6
2177 2177 .RS 4n
2178 2178 Display older files using \fIYYYY-MM-DD\fR and newer files with \fIMM-DD
2179 2179 HH:MM\fR.
2180 2180 .RE
2181 2181
2182 2182 .sp
2183 2183 .ne 2
2184 2184 .na
2185 2185 \fB\fBlocale\fR\fR
2186 2186 .ad
2187 2187 .sp .6
2188 2188 .RS 4n
2189 2189 Use the default locale format for old and new files. This is the default.
2190 2190 .RE
2191 2191
2192 2192 .sp
2193 2193 .ne 2
2194 2194 .na
2195 2195 \fB\fB+FORMAT\fR\fR
2196 2196 .ad
2197 2197 .sp .6
2198 2198 .RS 4n
2199 2199 Use a custom format. Values are the same as described in \fBstrftime\fR(3C). If
2200 2200 a NEWLINE appears in the string, the first line is used for older files and the
2201 2201 second line is used for newer files. Otherwise, the given format is used for
2202 2202 all files.
2203 2203 .RE
2204 2204
2205 2205 .RE
2206 2206
2207 2207 .SS "/usr/bin/ls"
2208 2208 .sp
2209 2209 .ne 2
2210 2210 .na
2211 2211 \fB\fB-F\fR\fR
2212 2212 .ad
2213 2213 .sp .6
2214 2214 .RS 4n
2215 2215 Marks directories with a trailing slash (\fB/\fR), doors with a trailing
2216 2216 greater-than sign (\fB>\fR), executable files with a trailing asterisk
2217 2217 (\fB*\fR), \fBFIFO\fRs with a trailing vertical bar (\fB|\fR), symbolic links
2218 2218 with a trailing "at" sign (\fB@\fR), and \fBAF_UNIX\fR address family sockets
2219 2219 with a trailing equals sign (\fB=\fR). Follows \fBsymlinks\fR named as
2220 2220 operands.
2221 2221 .RE
2222 2222
2223 2223 .sp
2224 2224 .ne 2
2225 2225 .na
2226 2226 \fB\fB--file-type\fR\fR
2227 2227 .ad
2228 2228 .sp .6
2229 2229 .RS 4n
2230 2230 Marks entries as with \fB-F\fR with the exception of executable files.
2231 2231 Executable files are not marked. Follows symlinks named as operands.
2232 2232 .RE
2233 2233
2234 2234 .sp
2235 2235 .LP
2236 2236 Specifying more than one of the options in the following mutually exclusive
2237 2237 pairs is not considered an error: \fB-C\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell), \fB-m\fR and
2238 2238 \fB-l\fR (ell), \fB-x\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell), \fB-@\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell). The
2239 2239 \fB-l\fR option overrides the other option specified in each pair.
2240 2240 .sp
2241 2241 .LP
2242 2242 Specifying more than one of the options in the following mutually exclusive
2243 2243 groups is not considered an error: \fB-C\fR and \fB-1\fR (one), \fB-H\fR and
2244 2244 \fB-L\fR, \fB-c\fR and \fB-u\fR, and \fB-e\fR and \fB-E\fR, and \fB-t\fR and
2245 2245 \fB-S\fR. The last option specifying a specific timestamp (\fB-c\fR, \fB-u\fR,
2246 2246 \fB-% atime\fR , \fB-% crtime\fR, \fB-% ctime\fR, and \fB-% mtime\fR)
2247 2247 determines the timestamps used for sorting or in long format listings. The last
2248 2248 option \fB-t\fR, \fB-S\fR, or \fB-U\fR determines the sorting behavior.
2249 2249 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/ls"
2250 2250 .sp
2251 2251 .ne 2
2252 2252 .na
2253 2253 \fB\fB-F\fR\fR
2254 2254 .ad
2255 2255 .sp .6
2256 2256 .RS 4n
2257 2257 Marks directories with a trailing slash (\fB/\fR), doors with a trailing
2258 2258 greater-than sign (\fB>\fR), executable files with a trailing asterisk
2259 2259 (\fB*\fR), \fBFIFO\fRs with a trailing vertical bar (\fB|\fR), symbolic links
2260 2260 with a trailing "at" sign (\fB@\fR), and \fBAF_UNIX\fR address family sockets
2261 2261 with a trailing equals sign (\fB=\fR). Follows symlinks named as operands.
2262 2262 .RE
2263 2263
2264 2264 .sp
2265 2265 .ne 2
2266 2266 .na
2267 2267 \fB\fB--file-type\fR\fR
2268 2268 .ad
2269 2269 .sp .6
2270 2270 .RS 4n
2271 2271 Marks entries as with \fB-F\fR with the exception of executable files.
2272 2272 Executable files are not marked. Follows symlinks named as operands.
2273 2273 .RE
2274 2274
2275 2275 .sp
2276 2276 .LP
2277 2277 Specifying more than one of the options in the following groups of mutually
2278 2278 exclusive options is not considered an error: \fB-C\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell),
2279 2279 \fB-m\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell), \fB-x\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell), \fB-@\fR and \fB-l\fR
2280 2280 (ell), \fB-C\fR and \fB-1\fR (one), \fB-H\fR and \fB-L\fR, \fB-c\fR and
2281 2281 \fB-u\fR, \fB-e\fR and \fB-E\fR, \fB-t\fR and \fB-S\fR and \fB-U\fR. The last
2282 2282 option specifying a specific timestamp (\fB-c\fR, \fB-u\fR, \fB-% atime\fR ,
2283 2283 \fB-% crtime\fR, \fB-% ctime\fR, and \fB-% mtime\fR) determines the timestamps
2284 2284 used for sorting or in long format listings. The last \fB-t\fR, \fB-S\fR, or
2285 2285 \fB-U\fR option determines the sorting behavior.
2286 2286 .SS "/usr/xpg6/bin/ls"
2287 2287 .sp
2288 2288 .ne 2
2289 2289 .na
2290 2290 \fB\fB-F\fR\fR
2291 2291 .ad
2292 2292 .sp .6
2293 2293 .RS 4n
2294 2294 Marks directories with a trailing slash (\fB/\fR), doors with a trailing
2295 2295 greater-than sign (\fB>\fR), executable files with a trailing asterisk
2296 2296 (\fB*\fR), \fBFIFO\fRs with a trailing vertical bar (\fB|\fR), symbolic links
2297 2297 with a trailing "at" sign (\fB@\fR), and \fBAF_UNIX\fR address family sockets
2298 2298 with a trailing equals sign (\fB=\fR). Does not follow symlinks named as
2299 2299 operands unless the \fB-H\fR or \fB-L\fR option is specified.
2300 2300 .RE
2301 2301
2302 2302 .sp
2303 2303 .ne 2
2304 2304 .na
2305 2305 \fB\fB--file-type\fR\fR
2306 2306 .ad
2307 2307 .sp .6
2308 2308 .RS 4n
2309 2309 Marks entries as with \fB-F\fR with the exception of executable files.
2310 2310 Executable files are not marked. Does not follow symlinks named as operands
2311 2311 unless the \fB-H\fR or \fB-L\fR option is specified.
2312 2312 .RE
2313 2313
2314 2314 .sp
2315 2315 .LP
2316 2316 Specifying more than one of the options in the following mutually exclusive
2317 2317 pairs is not considered an error: \fB-C\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell), m and
2318 2318 \fB-l\fR(ell), \fB-x\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell), \fB-@\fR and \fB-l\fR (ell),
2319 2319 \fB-C\fR and \fB-1\fR (one), \fB-H\fR and -\fB-L\fR, \fB-c\fR and \fB-u\fR,
2320 2320 \fB-e\fR and \fB-E\fR, \fB-t\fR and \fB-S\fR and \fB-U\fR. The last option
2321 2321 specifying a specific timestamp (\fB-c\fR, \fB-u\fR, \fB-% atime\fR , \fB-%
2322 2322 crtime\fR, \fB-% ctime\fR, and \fB-% mtime\fR) determines the timestamps used
2323 2323 for sorting or in long format listings. The last \fB-t\fR, \fB-S\fR, or
2324 2324 \fB-U\fR option determines the sorting behavior.
2325 2325 .SH OPERANDS
2326 2326 .sp
2327 2327 .LP
2328 2328 The following operand is supported:
2329 2329 .sp
2330 2330 .ne 2
2331 2331 .na
2332 2332 \fB\fIfile\fR\fR
2333 2333 .ad
2334 2334 .sp .6
2335 2335 .RS 4n
2336 2336 A path name of a file to be written. If the file specified is not found, a
2337 2337 diagnostic message is output on standard error.
2338 2338 .RE
2339 2339
2340 2340 .SH USAGE
2341 2341 .sp
2342 2342 .LP
2343 2343 See \fBlargefile\fR(5) for the description of the behavior of \fBls\fR when
2344 2344 encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).
2345 2345 .SH EXAMPLES
2346 2346 .LP
2347 2347 \fBExample 1 \fRViewing File Permissions
2348 2348 .sp
2349 2349 .LP
2350 2350 The following example shows how to display detailed information about a file.
2351 2351
2352 2352 .sp
2353 2353 .in +2
2354 2354 .nf
2355 2355 % ls -l file.1
2356 2356 -rw-r--r-- 1 gozer staff 206663 Mar 14 10:15 file.1
2357 2357 .fi
2358 2358 .in -2
2359 2359 .sp
2360 2360
2361 2361 .sp
2362 2362 .LP
2363 2363 The permissions string above (\fB-rw-r--r--\fR) describes that the file owner
2364 2364 has read and write permissions, the owning group has read permissions, and
2365 2365 others have read permissions.
2366 2366
2367 2367 .sp
2368 2368 .LP
2369 2369 The following example shows how to display detailed information about a
2370 2370 directory.
2371 2371
2372 2372 .sp
2373 2373 .in +2
2374 2374 .nf
2375 2375 % ls -ld test.dir
2376 2376 drwxr-xr-x 2 gozer staff 2 Mar 14 10:17 test.dir
2377 2377 .fi
2378 2378 .in -2
2379 2379 .sp
2380 2380
2381 2381 .sp
2382 2382 .LP
2383 2383 The permissions string above (\fBdrwxr-xr-x\fR) describes that the directory
2384 2384 owner has read, write, and search permissions, the owning group has read and
2385 2385 search permissions, and others have read and search permissions.
2386 2386
2387 2387 .sp
2388 2388 .LP
2389 2389 Another example of listing file permissions is as follows:
2390 2390
2391 2391 .sp
2392 2392 .in +2
2393 2393 .nf
2394 2394 % ls -l file.2
2395 2395 -rw-rwl--- 1 gozer staff 206663 Mar 14 10:47 file.2
2396 2396 .fi
2397 2397 .in -2
2398 2398 .sp
2399 2399
2400 2400 .sp
2401 2401 .LP
2402 2402 The permissions string above (\fB-rw-rwl---\fR) describes that the file owner
2403 2403 has read and write permissions, the owning group has read and write
2404 2404 permissions, and the file can be locked during access.
2405 2405
2406 2406 .LP
2407 2407 \fBExample 2 \fRDisplaying ACL Information on Files and Directories
2408 2408 .sp
2409 2409 .LP
2410 2410 The following example shows how to display verbose ACL information on a ZFS
2411 2411 file.
2412 2412
2413 2413 .sp
2414 2414 .in +2
2415 2415 .nf
2416 2416 % ls -v file.1
2417 2417 -rw-r--r-- 1 marks staff 206663 Mar 14 10:15 file.1
2418 2418 0:owner@:execute:deny
2419 2419 1:owner@:read_data/write_data/append_data/write_xattr/write_attributes
2420 2420 /write_acl/write_owner:allow
2421 2421 2:group@:write_data/append_data/execute:deny
2422 2422 3:group@:read_data:allow
2423 2423 4:everyone@:write_data/append_data/write_xattr/execute/write_attributes
2424 2424 /write_acl/write_owner:deny
2425 2425 5:everyone@:read_data/read_xattr/read_attributes/read_acl/synchronize
2426 2426 :allow
2427 2427 .fi
2428 2428 .in -2
2429 2429 .sp
2430 2430
2431 2431 .sp
2432 2432 .LP
2433 2433 The following example shows how to display compact ACL information on a ZFS
2434 2434 directory.
2435 2435
2436 2436 .sp
2437 2437 .in +2
2438 2438 .nf
2439 2439 % ls -dV test.dir
2440 2440 drwxr-xr-x 2 marks staff 2 Mar 14 10:17 test.dir
2441 2441 owner@:--------------:------:deny
2442 2442 owner@:rwxp---A-W-Co-:------:allow
2443 2443 group@:-w-p----------:------:deny
2444 2444 group@:r-x-----------:------:allow
2445 2445 everyone@:-w-p---A-W-Co-:------:deny
2446 2446 everyone@:r-x---a-R-c--s:------:allow
2447 2447 .fi
2448 2448 .in -2
2449 2449 .sp
2450 2450
2451 2451 .sp
2452 2452 .LP
2453 2453 The following example illustrates the \fBls\fR \fB-v\fR behavior when listing
2454 2454 ACL information on a UFS file.
2455 2455
2456 2456 .sp
2457 2457 .in +2
2458 2458 .nf
2459 2459 $ ls -v file.3
2460 2460 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2703 Mar 14 10:59 file.3
2461 2461 0:user::rw-
2462 2462 1:group::r-- #effective:r--
2463 2463 2:mask:r--
2464 2464 3:other:r--
2465 2465 .fi
2466 2466 .in -2
2467 2467 .sp
2468 2468
2469 2469 .LP
2470 2470 \fBExample 3 \fRPrinting the Names of All Files
2471 2471 .sp
2472 2472 .LP
2473 2473 The following example prints the names of all files in the current directory,
2474 2474 including those that begin with a dot (\fB\&.\fR), which normally do not print:
2475 2475
2476 2476 .sp
2477 2477 .in +2
2478 2478 .nf
2479 2479 example% \fBls -a\fR
2480 2480 .fi
2481 2481 .in -2
2482 2482 .sp
2483 2483
2484 2484 .LP
2485 2485 \fBExample 4 \fRProviding File Information
2486 2486 .sp
2487 2487 .LP
2488 2488 The following example provides file information:
2489 2489
2490 2490 .sp
2491 2491 .in +2
2492 2492 .nf
2493 2493 example% ls -aisn
2494 2494 .fi
2495 2495 .in -2
2496 2496 .sp
2497 2497
2498 2498 .sp
2499 2499 .LP
2500 2500 This command provides information on \fBa\fRll files, including those that
2501 2501 begin with a dot (\fBa\fR), the \fBi\fR-number, the memory address of the
2502 2502 i-node associated with the file\(emprinted in the left-hand column (\fBi\fR);
2503 2503 the \fBs\fRize (in blocks) of the files, printed in the column to the right of
2504 2504 the i-numbers (\fBs\fR); finally, the report is displayed in the \fBn\fRumeric
2505 2505 version of the long list, printing the \fBUID\fR (instead of user name) and
2506 2506 \fBGID\fR (instead of group name) numbers associated with the files.
2507 2507
2508 2508 .sp
2509 2509 .LP
2510 2510 When the sizes of the files in a directory are listed, a total count of blocks,
2511 2511 including indirect blocks, is printed.
2512 2512
2513 2513 .LP
2514 2514 \fBExample 5 \fRProviding Extended System Attributes Information
2515 2515 .sp
2516 2516 .in +2
2517 2517 .nf
2518 2518 example% ls -/ c file (extended system attribute in compact mode)
2519 2519 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
2520 2520 {AHRSadim-u}
2521 2521 .fi
2522 2522 .in -2
2523 2523 .sp
2524 2524
2525 2525 .sp
2526 2526 .LP
2527 2527 In this example, \fBav_quarantined\fR is not set.
2528 2528 .sp
2529 2529 .in +2
2530 2530 .nf
2531 2531 example% ls -/ v file (extended system attribute in verbose mode)
2532 2532 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
2533 2533 {archive,hidden,readonly,system,appendonly\e
2534 2534 nodump,immutable,av_modified,\e
2535 2535 noav_quarantined,nounlink}
2536 2536
2537 2537 example% ls -/ v file (no extended system attribute)
2538 2538 -rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 0 May 16 14:48 file
2539 2539 {}
2540 2540
2541 2541 example% ls -/ c file (extended system attribute
2542 2542 supported file system)
2543 2543
2544 2544 -rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 3 Jun 4 22:04 file
2545 2545 {A------m--}
2546 2546 .fi
2547 2547 .in -2
2548 2548 .sp
2549 2549
2550 2550 .sp
2551 2551 .LP
2552 2552 \fBarchive\fR and \fBav_modified\fR attributes are set by default on an
2553 2553 extended system attribute supported file.
2554 2554 .sp
2555 2555 .in +2
2556 2556 .nf
2557 2557 example% ls -/ c -%crtime file
2558 2558
2559 2559 -rw-r--r-- root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
2560 2560 {AHRSadim-u}
2561 2561 .fi
2562 2562 .in -2
2563 2563 .sp
2564 2564
2565 2565 .sp
2566 2566 .LP
2567 2567 This example displays the timestamp as the creation time:
2568 2568 .sp
2569 2569 .in +2
2570 2570 .nf
2571 2571 example% ls -l -%all file
2572 2572 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
2573 2573 timestamp: atime Jun 14 08:47:37 2007
2574 2574 timestamp: ctime May 10 14:20:23 2007
2575 2575 timestamp: mtime May 10 14:17:56 2007
2576 2576 timestamp: crtime May 10 14:17:56 2007
2577 2577
2578 2578 example% ls -%crtime -tl file*
2579 2579
2580 2580 -rw-r--r-- 1 foo staff 3 Jun 4 22:04 file1
2581 2581 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 10 14:17 file
2582 2582 -rw-r--r-- 1 foo staff 0 May 9 13:49 file.1
2583 2583 .fi
2584 2584 .in -2
2585 2585 .sp
2586 2586
2587 2587 .sp
2588 2588 .LP
2589 2589 In this example the files are sorted by creation time.
2590 2590 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
2591 2591 .sp
2592 2592 .LP
2593 2593 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
2594 2594 that affect the execution of \fBls\fR: \fBLANG\fR, \fBLC_ALL\fR,
2595 2595 \fBLC_COLLATE\fR, \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, \fBLC_TIME\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR,
2596 2596 \fBNLSPATH\fR, and \fBTZ\fR.
2597 2597 .sp
2598 2598 .ne 2
2599 2599 .na
2600 2600 \fB\fBCOLUMNS\fR\fR
2601 2601 .ad
2602 2602 .sp .6
2603 2603 .RS 4n
2604 2604 Determines the user's preferred column position width for writing multiple
2605 2605 text-column output. If this variable contains a string representing a decimal
2606 2606 integer, the \fBls\fR utility calculates how many path name text columns to
2607 2607 write (see \fB-C\fR) based on the width provided. If \fBCOLUMNS\fR is not set
2608 2608 or is invalid, 80 is used. The column width chosen to write the names of files
2609 2609 in any given directory is constant. File names are not be truncated to fit into
2610 2610 the multiple text-column output.
2611 2611 .RE
2612 2612
2613 2613 .sp
2614 2614 .ne 2
2615 2615 .na
2616 2616 \fB\fBLS_COLORS\fR\fR
2617 2617 .ad
2618 2618 .sp .6
2619 2619 .RS 4n
2620 2620 Determines the coloring scheme used when displaying color output. If not set
2621 2621 and color output is specified, a default scheme is used. If TERM is not set, no
2622 2622 color output is used.
2623 2623 .RE
2624 2624
2625 2625 .sp
2626 2626 .ne 2
2627 2627 .na
2628 2628 \fB\fBTERM\fR\fR
2629 2629 .ad
2630 2630 .sp .6
2631 2631 .RS 4n
2632 2632 Determine the terminal type. If this variable is unset or NULL, no color output
2633 2633 is generated regardless of the value of the --color option.
2634 2634 .RE
2635 2635
2636 2636 .SH EXIT STATUS
2637 2637 .sp
2638 2638 .ne 2
2639 2639 .na
2640 2640 \fB\fB0\fR\fR
2641 2641 .ad
2642 2642 .RS 6n
2643 2643 All information was written successfully.
2644 2644 .RE
2645 2645
2646 2646 .sp
2647 2647 .ne 2
2648 2648 .na
2649 2649 \fB\fB>0\fR\fR
2650 2650 .ad
2651 2651 .RS 6n
2652 2652 An error occurred.
2653 2653 .RE
2654 2654
2655 2655 .SH FILES
2656 2656 .sp
2657 2657 .ne 2
2658 2658 .na
2659 2659 \fB\fB/etc/group\fR\fR
2660 2660 .ad
2661 2661 .sp .6
2662 2662 .RS 4n
2663 2663 group IDs for \fBls\fR \fB-l\fR and \fBls\fR \fB-g\fR
2664 2664 .RE
2665 2665
2666 2666 .sp
2667 2667 .ne 2
2668 2668 .na
2669 2669 \fB\fB/etc/passwd\fR\fR
2670 2670 .ad
2671 2671 .sp .6
2672 2672 .RS 4n
2673 2673 user IDs for \fBls\fR \fB-l\fR and \fBls\fR \fB-o\fR
2674 2674 .RE
2675 2675
2676 2676 .sp
2677 2677 .ne 2
2678 2678 .na
2679 2679 \fB\fB/usr/share/lib/terminfo/?/*\fR\fR
2680 2680 .ad
2681 2681 .sp .6
2682 2682 .RS 4n
2683 2683 terminal information database
2684 2684 .RE
2685 2685
2686 2686 .SH ATTRIBUTES
2687 2687 .sp
2688 2688 .LP
2689 2689 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
2690 2690 .SS "/usr/bin/ls"
2691 2691 .sp
2692 2692
2693 2693 .sp
2694 2694 .TS
2695 2695 box;
2696 2696 c | c
2697 2697 l | l .
2698 2698 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
2699 2699 _
2700 2700 CSI Enabled
2701 2701 _
2702 2702 Interface Stability Committed
2703 2703 _
2704 2704 Standard See below.
2705 2705 .TE
2706 2706
2707 2707 .sp
2708 2708 .LP
2709 2709 For all options except \fB-A\fR, \fB-b\fR, \fB-e\fR, \fB-E,\fR \fB-h\fR,
2710 2710 \fB-S\fR, U \fB-v\fR, \fB-V\fR, \fB-@\fR, \fB-/\fR, \fB-%\fR, \fB--all\fR,
2711 2711 \fB--almost-all\fR, \fB--block-size\fR, \fB--classify\fR, \fB--color\fR,
2712 2712 \fB--colour\fR, \fB--dereference\fR, \fB--dereference-command-line\fR,
2713 2713 \fB--escape\fR, \fB--file-type\fR, \fB--full-time\fR, \fB--human-readable\fR,
2714 2714 \fB--ignore-backups\fR, \fB--inode\fR, \fB--no-group\fR,
2715 2715 \fB--numeric-uid-gid\fR, \fB--reverse\fR, \fB--recursive\fR, \fB--si\fR,
2716 2716 \fB--size\fR, and \fB--time-style\fR, see \fBstandards\fR(5).
2717 2717 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/ls"
2718 2718 .sp
2719 2719
2720 2720 .sp
2721 2721 .TS
2722 2722 box;
2723 2723 c | c
2724 2724 l | l .
2725 2725 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
2726 2726 _
2727 2727 CSI Enabled
2728 2728 _
2729 2729 Interface Stability Committed
2730 2730 _
2731 2731 Standard See below.
2732 2732 .TE
2733 2733
2734 2734 .sp
2735 2735 .LP
2736 2736 For all options except \fB-A\fR, \fB-b\fR, \fB-e\fR, \fB-E,\fR \fB-h\fR,
2737 2737 \fB-S\fR, U \fB-v\fR, \fB-V\fR, \fB-@\fR, \fB-/\fR, \fB-%\fR, \fB--all\fR,
2738 2738 \fB--almost-all\fR, \fB--block-size\fR, \fB--classify\fR, \fB--color\fR,
2739 2739 \fB--colour\fR, \fB--dereference\fR, \fB--dereference-command-line\fR,
2740 2740 \fB--escape\fR, \fB--file-type\fR, \fB--full-time\fR, \fB--human-readable\fR,
2741 2741 \fB--ignore-backups\fR, \fB--inode\fR, \fB--no-group\fR,
2742 2742 \fB--numeric-uid-gid\fR, \fB--reverse\fR, \fB--recursive\fR, \fB--si\fR,
2743 2743 \fB--size\fR, and \fB--time-style\fR, see \fBstandards\fR(5).
2744 2744 .SS "/usr/xpg6/bin/ls"
2745 2745 .sp
2746 2746
2747 2747 .sp
2748 2748 .TS
2749 2749 box;
2750 2750 c | c
2751 2751 l | l .
2752 2752 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
2753 2753 _
2754 2754 CSI Enabled
2755 2755 _
2756 2756 Interface Stability Committed
2757 2757 _
2758 2758 Standard See below.
2759 2759 .TE
2760 2760
2761 2761 .sp
2762 2762 .LP
2763 2763 For all options except \fB-A\fR, \fB-b\fR, \fB-e\fR, \fB-E,\fR \fB-h\fR,
2764 2764 \fB-S\fR, U \fB-v\fR, \fB-V\fR, \fB-@\fR, \fB-/\fR, \fB-%\fR, \fB--all\fR,
2765 2765 \fB--almost-all\fR, \fB--block-size\fR, \fB--classify\fR, \fB--color\fR,
2766 2766 \fB--colour\fR, \fB--dereference\fR, \fB--dereference-command-line\fR,
2767 2767 \fB--escape\fR, \fB--file-type\fR, \fB--full-time\fR, \fB--human-readable\fR,
2768 2768 \fB--ignore-backups\fR, \fB--inode\fR, \fB--no-group\fR,
2769 2769 \fB--numeric-uid-gid\fR, \fB--reverse\fR, \fB--recursive\fR, \fB--si\fR,
2770 2770 \fB--size\fR, and \fB--time-style\fR, see \fBstandards\fR(5).
2771 2771 .SH SEE ALSO
2772 2772 .sp
2773 2773 .LP
2774 2774 \fBchmod\fR(1), \fBcp\fR(1), \fBsetfacl\fR(1), \fBfgetattr\fR(3C),
2775 2775 \fBstrftime\fR(3C), \fBterminfo\fR(4), \fBacl\fR(5), \fBattributes\fR(5),
2776 2776 \fBenviron\fR(5), \fBfsattr\fR(5), \fBlargefile\fR(5), \fBstandards\fR(5)
2777 2777 .SH NOTES
2778 2778 .sp
2779 2779 .LP
2780 2780 Unprintable characters in file names can confuse the columnar output options.
2781 2781 .sp
2782 2782 .LP
2783 2783 The total block count is incorrect if there are hard links among the files.
2784 2784 .sp
2785 2785 .LP
2786 2786 The sort order of \fBls\fR output is affected by the locale and can be
2787 2787 overridden by the \fBLC_COLLATE\fR environment variable. For example, if
2788 2788 \fBLC_COLLATE\fR equals \fBC\fR, dot files appear first, followed by names
2789 2789 beginning with upper-case letters, then followed by names beginning with
2790 2790 lower-case letters. But if \fBLC_COLLATE\fR equals \fBen_US.ISO8859-1\fR, then
2791 2791 leading dots as well as case are ignored in determining the sort order.
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