1 /*
   2  * CDDL HEADER START
   3  *
   4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
   5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
   6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   7  *
   8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
   9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
  10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
  11  * and limitations under the License.
  12  *
  13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
  14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
  15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
  16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
  17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
  18  *
  19  * CDDL HEADER END
  20  */
  21 /*
  22  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  23  * Copyright (c) 2012 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
  24  * Copyright 2011 Nexenta Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
  25  * Copyright (c) 2013 Steven Hartland. All rights reserved.
  26  */
  27 
  28 /*
  29  * The objective of this program is to provide a DMU/ZAP/SPA stress test
  30  * that runs entirely in userland, is easy to use, and easy to extend.
  31  *
  32  * The overall design of the ztest program is as follows:
  33  *
  34  * (1) For each major functional area (e.g. adding vdevs to a pool,
  35  *     creating and destroying datasets, reading and writing objects, etc)
  36  *     we have a simple routine to test that functionality.  These
  37  *     individual routines do not have to do anything "stressful".
  38  *
  39  * (2) We turn these simple functionality tests into a stress test by
  40  *     running them all in parallel, with as many threads as desired,
  41  *     and spread across as many datasets, objects, and vdevs as desired.
  42  *
  43  * (3) While all this is happening, we inject faults into the pool to
  44  *     verify that self-healing data really works.
  45  *
  46  * (4) Every time we open a dataset, we change its checksum and compression
  47  *     functions.  Thus even individual objects vary from block to block
  48  *     in which checksum they use and whether they're compressed.
  49  *
  50  * (5) To verify that we never lose on-disk consistency after a crash,
  51  *     we run the entire test in a child of the main process.
  52  *     At random times, the child self-immolates with a SIGKILL.
  53  *     This is the software equivalent of pulling the power cord.
  54  *     The parent then runs the test again, using the existing
  55  *     storage pool, as many times as desired. If backwards compatability
  56  *     testing is enabled ztest will sometimes run the "older" version
  57  *     of ztest after a SIGKILL.
  58  *
  59  * (6) To verify that we don't have future leaks or temporal incursions,
  60  *     many of the functional tests record the transaction group number
  61  *     as part of their data.  When reading old data, they verify that
  62  *     the transaction group number is less than the current, open txg.
  63  *     If you add a new test, please do this if applicable.
  64  *
  65  * When run with no arguments, ztest runs for about five minutes and
  66  * produces no output if successful.  To get a little bit of information,
  67  * specify -V.  To get more information, specify -VV, and so on.
  68  *
  69  * To turn this into an overnight stress test, use -T to specify run time.
  70  *
  71  * You can ask more more vdevs [-v], datasets [-d], or threads [-t]
  72  * to increase the pool capacity, fanout, and overall stress level.
  73  *
  74  * Use the -k option to set the desired frequency of kills.
  75  *
  76  * When ztest invokes itself it passes all relevant information through a
  77  * temporary file which is mmap-ed in the child process. This allows shared
  78  * memory to survive the exec syscall. The ztest_shared_hdr_t struct is always
  79  * stored at offset 0 of this file and contains information on the size and
  80  * number of shared structures in the file. The information stored in this file
  81  * must remain backwards compatible with older versions of ztest so that
  82  * ztest can invoke them during backwards compatibility testing (-B).
  83  */
  84 
  85 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
  86 #include <sys/spa.h>
  87 #include <sys/dmu.h>
  88 #include <sys/txg.h>
  89 #include <sys/dbuf.h>
  90 #include <sys/zap.h>
  91 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
  92 #include <sys/poll.h>
  93 #include <sys/stat.h>
  94 #include <sys/time.h>
  95 #include <sys/wait.h>
  96 #include <sys/mman.h>
  97 #include <sys/resource.h>
  98 #include <sys/zio.h>
  99 #include <sys/zil.h>
 100 #include <sys/zil_impl.h>
 101 #include <sys/vdev_impl.h>
 102 #include <sys/vdev_file.h>
 103 #include <sys/spa_impl.h>
 104 #include <sys/metaslab_impl.h>
 105 #include <sys/dsl_prop.h>
 106 #include <sys/dsl_dataset.h>
 107 #include <sys/dsl_destroy.h>
 108 #include <sys/dsl_scan.h>
 109 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
 110 #include <sys/refcount.h>
 111 #include <sys/zfeature.h>
 112 #include <sys/dsl_userhold.h>
 113 #include <stdio.h>
 114 #include <stdio_ext.h>
 115 #include <stdlib.h>
 116 #include <unistd.h>
 117 #include <signal.h>
 118 #include <umem.h>
 119 #include <dlfcn.h>
 120 #include <ctype.h>
 121 #include <math.h>
 122 #include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
 123 #include <libnvpair.h>
 124 
 125 static int ztest_fd_data = -1;
 126 static int ztest_fd_rand = -1;
 127 
 128 typedef struct ztest_shared_hdr {
 129         uint64_t        zh_hdr_size;
 130         uint64_t        zh_opts_size;
 131         uint64_t        zh_size;
 132         uint64_t        zh_stats_size;
 133         uint64_t        zh_stats_count;
 134         uint64_t        zh_ds_size;
 135         uint64_t        zh_ds_count;
 136 } ztest_shared_hdr_t;
 137 
 138 static ztest_shared_hdr_t *ztest_shared_hdr;
 139 
 140 typedef struct ztest_shared_opts {
 141         char zo_pool[MAXNAMELEN];
 142         char zo_dir[MAXNAMELEN];
 143         char zo_alt_ztest[MAXNAMELEN];
 144         char zo_alt_libpath[MAXNAMELEN];
 145         uint64_t zo_vdevs;
 146         uint64_t zo_vdevtime;
 147         size_t zo_vdev_size;
 148         int zo_ashift;
 149         int zo_mirrors;
 150         int zo_raidz;
 151         int zo_raidz_parity;
 152         int zo_datasets;
 153         int zo_threads;
 154         uint64_t zo_passtime;
 155         uint64_t zo_killrate;
 156         int zo_verbose;
 157         int zo_init;
 158         uint64_t zo_time;
 159         uint64_t zo_maxloops;
 160         uint64_t zo_metaslab_gang_bang;
 161 } ztest_shared_opts_t;
 162 
 163 static const ztest_shared_opts_t ztest_opts_defaults = {
 164         .zo_pool = { 'z', 't', 'e', 's', 't', '\0' },
 165         .zo_dir = { '/', 't', 'm', 'p', '\0' },
 166         .zo_alt_ztest = { '\0' },
 167         .zo_alt_libpath = { '\0' },
 168         .zo_vdevs = 5,
 169         .zo_ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT,
 170         .zo_mirrors = 2,
 171         .zo_raidz = 4,
 172         .zo_raidz_parity = 1,
 173         .zo_vdev_size = SPA_MINDEVSIZE,
 174         .zo_datasets = 7,
 175         .zo_threads = 23,
 176         .zo_passtime = 60,              /* 60 seconds */
 177         .zo_killrate = 70,              /* 70% kill rate */
 178         .zo_verbose = 0,
 179         .zo_init = 1,
 180         .zo_time = 300,                 /* 5 minutes */
 181         .zo_maxloops = 50,              /* max loops during spa_freeze() */
 182         .zo_metaslab_gang_bang = 32 << 10
 183 };
 184 
 185 extern uint64_t metaslab_gang_bang;
 186 extern uint64_t metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
 187 
 188 static ztest_shared_opts_t *ztest_shared_opts;
 189 static ztest_shared_opts_t ztest_opts;
 190 
 191 typedef struct ztest_shared_ds {
 192         uint64_t        zd_seq;
 193 } ztest_shared_ds_t;
 194 
 195 static ztest_shared_ds_t *ztest_shared_ds;
 196 #define ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d) (&ztest_shared_ds[d])
 197 
 198 #define BT_MAGIC        0x123456789abcdefULL
 199 #define MAXFAULTS() \
 200         (MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * (ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity + 1) - 1)
 201 
 202 enum ztest_io_type {
 203         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG,
 204         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_PATTERN,
 205         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_ZEROES,
 206         ZTEST_IO_TRUNCATE,
 207         ZTEST_IO_SETATTR,
 208         ZTEST_IO_REWRITE,
 209         ZTEST_IO_TYPES
 210 };
 211 
 212 typedef struct ztest_block_tag {
 213         uint64_t        bt_magic;
 214         uint64_t        bt_objset;
 215         uint64_t        bt_object;
 216         uint64_t        bt_offset;
 217         uint64_t        bt_gen;
 218         uint64_t        bt_txg;
 219         uint64_t        bt_crtxg;
 220 } ztest_block_tag_t;
 221 
 222 typedef struct bufwad {
 223         uint64_t        bw_index;
 224         uint64_t        bw_txg;
 225         uint64_t        bw_data;
 226 } bufwad_t;
 227 
 228 /*
 229  * XXX -- fix zfs range locks to be generic so we can use them here.
 230  */
 231 typedef enum {
 232         RL_READER,
 233         RL_WRITER,
 234         RL_APPEND
 235 } rl_type_t;
 236 
 237 typedef struct rll {
 238         void            *rll_writer;
 239         int             rll_readers;
 240         mutex_t         rll_lock;
 241         cond_t          rll_cv;
 242 } rll_t;
 243 
 244 typedef struct rl {
 245         uint64_t        rl_object;
 246         uint64_t        rl_offset;
 247         uint64_t        rl_size;
 248         rll_t           *rl_lock;
 249 } rl_t;
 250 
 251 #define ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS       64
 252 #define ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS      64
 253 
 254 /*
 255  * Object descriptor.  Used as a template for object lookup/create/remove.
 256  */
 257 typedef struct ztest_od {
 258         uint64_t        od_dir;
 259         uint64_t        od_object;
 260         dmu_object_type_t od_type;
 261         dmu_object_type_t od_crtype;
 262         uint64_t        od_blocksize;
 263         uint64_t        od_crblocksize;
 264         uint64_t        od_gen;
 265         uint64_t        od_crgen;
 266         char            od_name[MAXNAMELEN];
 267 } ztest_od_t;
 268 
 269 /*
 270  * Per-dataset state.
 271  */
 272 typedef struct ztest_ds {
 273         ztest_shared_ds_t *zd_shared;
 274         objset_t        *zd_os;
 275         rwlock_t        zd_zilog_lock;
 276         zilog_t         *zd_zilog;
 277         ztest_od_t      *zd_od;         /* debugging aid */
 278         char            zd_name[MAXNAMELEN];
 279         mutex_t         zd_dirobj_lock;
 280         rll_t           zd_object_lock[ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS];
 281         rll_t           zd_range_lock[ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS];
 282 } ztest_ds_t;
 283 
 284 /*
 285  * Per-iteration state.
 286  */
 287 typedef void ztest_func_t(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id);
 288 
 289 typedef struct ztest_info {
 290         ztest_func_t    *zi_func;       /* test function */
 291         uint64_t        zi_iters;       /* iterations per execution */
 292         uint64_t        *zi_interval;   /* execute every <interval> seconds */
 293 } ztest_info_t;
 294 
 295 typedef struct ztest_shared_callstate {
 296         uint64_t        zc_count;       /* per-pass count */
 297         uint64_t        zc_time;        /* per-pass time */
 298         uint64_t        zc_next;        /* next time to call this function */
 299 } ztest_shared_callstate_t;
 300 
 301 static ztest_shared_callstate_t *ztest_shared_callstate;
 302 #define ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(c) (&ztest_shared_callstate[c])
 303 
 304 /*
 305  * Note: these aren't static because we want dladdr() to work.
 306  */
 307 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_read_write;
 308 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_write_parallel;
 309 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free;
 310 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks;
 311 ztest_func_t ztest_zap;
 312 ztest_func_t ztest_zap_parallel;
 313 ztest_func_t ztest_zil_commit;
 314 ztest_func_t ztest_zil_remount;
 315 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy;
 316 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy;
 317 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_prealloc;
 318 ztest_func_t ztest_fzap;
 319 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy;
 320 ztest_func_t ztest_dsl_prop_get_set;
 321 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_prop_get_set;
 322 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_create_destroy;
 323 ztest_func_t ztest_fault_inject;
 324 ztest_func_t ztest_ddt_repair;
 325 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold;
 326 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_rename;
 327 ztest_func_t ztest_scrub;
 328 ztest_func_t ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy;
 329 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_attach_detach;
 330 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_LUN_growth;
 331 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_add_remove;
 332 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove;
 333 ztest_func_t ztest_split_pool;
 334 ztest_func_t ztest_reguid;
 335 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_upgrade;
 336 
 337 uint64_t zopt_always = 0ULL * NANOSEC;          /* all the time */
 338 uint64_t zopt_incessant = 1ULL * NANOSEC / 10;  /* every 1/10 second */
 339 uint64_t zopt_often = 1ULL * NANOSEC;           /* every second */
 340 uint64_t zopt_sometimes = 10ULL * NANOSEC;      /* every 10 seconds */
 341 uint64_t zopt_rarely = 60ULL * NANOSEC;         /* every 60 seconds */
 342 
 343 ztest_info_t ztest_info[] = {
 344         { ztest_dmu_read_write,                 1,      &zopt_always        },
 345         { ztest_dmu_write_parallel,             10,     &zopt_always        },
 346         { ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free,          1,      &zopt_always        },
 347         { ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks,           1,      &zopt_always        },
 348         { ztest_zap,                            30,     &zopt_always        },
 349         { ztest_zap_parallel,                   100,    &zopt_always        },
 350         { ztest_split_pool,                     1,      &zopt_always        },
 351         { ztest_zil_commit,                     1,      &zopt_incessant     },
 352         { ztest_zil_remount,                    1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 353         { ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy,           1,      &zopt_often },
 354         { ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy,      1,      &zopt_often },
 355         { ztest_dsl_prop_get_set,               1,      &zopt_often },
 356         { ztest_spa_prop_get_set,               1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 357 #if 0
 358         { ztest_dmu_prealloc,                   1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 359 #endif
 360         { ztest_fzap,                           1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 361         { ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy,    1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 362         { ztest_spa_create_destroy,             1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 363         { ztest_fault_inject,                   1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 364         { ztest_ddt_repair,                     1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 365         { ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold,              1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 366         { ztest_reguid,                         1,      &zopt_sometimes },
 367         { ztest_spa_rename,                     1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 368         { ztest_scrub,                          1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 369         { ztest_spa_upgrade,                    1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 370         { ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy,       1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 371         { ztest_vdev_attach_detach,             1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 372         { ztest_vdev_LUN_growth,                1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 373         { ztest_vdev_add_remove,                1,
 374             &ztest_opts.zo_vdevtime                         },
 375         { ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove,            1,
 376             &ztest_opts.zo_vdevtime                         },
 377 };
 378 
 379 #define ZTEST_FUNCS     (sizeof (ztest_info) / sizeof (ztest_info_t))
 380 
 381 /*
 382  * The following struct is used to hold a list of uncalled commit callbacks.
 383  * The callbacks are ordered by txg number.
 384  */
 385 typedef struct ztest_cb_list {
 386         mutex_t zcl_callbacks_lock;
 387         list_t  zcl_callbacks;
 388 } ztest_cb_list_t;
 389 
 390 /*
 391  * Stuff we need to share writably between parent and child.
 392  */
 393 typedef struct ztest_shared {
 394         boolean_t       zs_do_init;
 395         hrtime_t        zs_proc_start;
 396         hrtime_t        zs_proc_stop;
 397         hrtime_t        zs_thread_start;
 398         hrtime_t        zs_thread_stop;
 399         hrtime_t        zs_thread_kill;
 400         uint64_t        zs_enospc_count;
 401         uint64_t        zs_vdev_next_leaf;
 402         uint64_t        zs_vdev_aux;
 403         uint64_t        zs_alloc;
 404         uint64_t        zs_space;
 405         uint64_t        zs_splits;
 406         uint64_t        zs_mirrors;
 407         uint64_t        zs_metaslab_sz;
 408         uint64_t        zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
 409         uint64_t        zs_guid;
 410 } ztest_shared_t;
 411 
 412 #define ID_PARALLEL     -1ULL
 413 
 414 static char ztest_dev_template[] = "%s/%s.%llua";
 415 static char ztest_aux_template[] = "%s/%s.%s.%llu";
 416 ztest_shared_t *ztest_shared;
 417 
 418 static spa_t *ztest_spa = NULL;
 419 static ztest_ds_t *ztest_ds;
 420 
 421 static mutex_t ztest_vdev_lock;
 422 
 423 /*
 424  * The ztest_name_lock protects the pool and dataset namespace used by
 425  * the individual tests. To modify the namespace, consumers must grab
 426  * this lock as writer. Grabbing the lock as reader will ensure that the
 427  * namespace does not change while the lock is held.
 428  */
 429 static rwlock_t ztest_name_lock;
 430 
 431 static boolean_t ztest_dump_core = B_TRUE;
 432 static boolean_t ztest_exiting;
 433 
 434 /* Global commit callback list */
 435 static ztest_cb_list_t zcl;
 436 
 437 enum ztest_object {
 438         ZTEST_META_DNODE = 0,
 439         ZTEST_DIROBJ,
 440         ZTEST_OBJECTS
 441 };
 442 
 443 static void usage(boolean_t) __NORETURN;
 444 
 445 /*
 446  * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
 447  * debugging facilities.
 448  */
 449 const char *
 450 _umem_debug_init()
 451 {
 452         return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
 453 }
 454 
 455 const char *
 456 _umem_logging_init(void)
 457 {
 458         return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
 459 }
 460 
 461 #define FATAL_MSG_SZ    1024
 462 
 463 char *fatal_msg;
 464 
 465 static void
 466 fatal(int do_perror, char *message, ...)
 467 {
 468         va_list args;
 469         int save_errno = errno;
 470         char buf[FATAL_MSG_SZ];
 471 
 472         (void) fflush(stdout);
 473 
 474         va_start(args, message);
 475         (void) sprintf(buf, "ztest: ");
 476         /* LINTED */
 477         (void) vsprintf(buf + strlen(buf), message, args);
 478         va_end(args);
 479         if (do_perror) {
 480                 (void) snprintf(buf + strlen(buf), FATAL_MSG_SZ - strlen(buf),
 481                     ": %s", strerror(save_errno));
 482         }
 483         (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
 484         fatal_msg = buf;                        /* to ease debugging */
 485         if (ztest_dump_core)
 486                 abort();
 487         exit(3);
 488 }
 489 
 490 static int
 491 str2shift(const char *buf)
 492 {
 493         const char *ends = "BKMGTPEZ";
 494         int i;
 495 
 496         if (buf[0] == '\0')
 497                 return (0);
 498         for (i = 0; i < strlen(ends); i++) {
 499                 if (toupper(buf[0]) == ends[i])
 500                         break;
 501         }
 502         if (i == strlen(ends)) {
 503                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: invalid bytes suffix: %s\n",
 504                     buf);
 505                 usage(B_FALSE);
 506         }
 507         if (buf[1] == '\0' || (toupper(buf[1]) == 'B' && buf[2] == '\0')) {
 508                 return (10*i);
 509         }
 510         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: invalid bytes suffix: %s\n", buf);
 511         usage(B_FALSE);
 512         /* NOTREACHED */
 513 }
 514 
 515 static uint64_t
 516 nicenumtoull(const char *buf)
 517 {
 518         char *end;
 519         uint64_t val;
 520 
 521         val = strtoull(buf, &end, 0);
 522         if (end == buf) {
 523                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: bad numeric value: %s\n", buf);
 524                 usage(B_FALSE);
 525         } else if (end[0] == '.') {
 526                 double fval = strtod(buf, &end);
 527                 fval *= pow(2, str2shift(end));
 528                 if (fval > UINT64_MAX) {
 529                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: value too large: %s\n",
 530                             buf);
 531                         usage(B_FALSE);
 532                 }
 533                 val = (uint64_t)fval;
 534         } else {
 535                 int shift = str2shift(end);
 536                 if (shift >= 64 || (val << shift) >> shift != val) {
 537                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: value too large: %s\n",
 538                             buf);
 539                         usage(B_FALSE);
 540                 }
 541                 val <<= shift;
 542         }
 543         return (val);
 544 }
 545 
 546 static void
 547 usage(boolean_t requested)
 548 {
 549         const ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts_defaults;
 550 
 551         char nice_vdev_size[10];
 552         char nice_gang_bang[10];
 553         FILE *fp = requested ? stdout : stderr;
 554 
 555         nicenum(zo->zo_vdev_size, nice_vdev_size);
 556         nicenum(zo->zo_metaslab_gang_bang, nice_gang_bang);
 557 
 558         (void) fprintf(fp, "Usage: %s\n"
 559             "\t[-v vdevs (default: %llu)]\n"
 560             "\t[-s size_of_each_vdev (default: %s)]\n"
 561             "\t[-a alignment_shift (default: %d)] use 0 for random\n"
 562             "\t[-m mirror_copies (default: %d)]\n"
 563             "\t[-r raidz_disks (default: %d)]\n"
 564             "\t[-R raidz_parity (default: %d)]\n"
 565             "\t[-d datasets (default: %d)]\n"
 566             "\t[-t threads (default: %d)]\n"
 567             "\t[-g gang_block_threshold (default: %s)]\n"
 568             "\t[-i init_count (default: %d)] initialize pool i times\n"
 569             "\t[-k kill_percentage (default: %llu%%)]\n"
 570             "\t[-p pool_name (default: %s)]\n"
 571             "\t[-f dir (default: %s)] file directory for vdev files\n"
 572             "\t[-V] verbose (use multiple times for ever more blather)\n"
 573             "\t[-E] use existing pool instead of creating new one\n"
 574             "\t[-T time (default: %llu sec)] total run time\n"
 575             "\t[-F freezeloops (default: %llu)] max loops in spa_freeze()\n"
 576             "\t[-P passtime (default: %llu sec)] time per pass\n"
 577             "\t[-B alt_ztest (default: <none>)] alternate ztest path\n"
 578             "\t[-h] (print help)\n"
 579             "",
 580             zo->zo_pool,
 581             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_vdevs,                      /* -v */
 582             nice_vdev_size,                             /* -s */
 583             zo->zo_ashift,                           /* -a */
 584             zo->zo_mirrors,                          /* -m */
 585             zo->zo_raidz,                            /* -r */
 586             zo->zo_raidz_parity,                     /* -R */
 587             zo->zo_datasets,                         /* -d */
 588             zo->zo_threads,                          /* -t */
 589             nice_gang_bang,                             /* -g */
 590             zo->zo_init,                             /* -i */
 591             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_killrate,           /* -k */
 592             zo->zo_pool,                             /* -p */
 593             zo->zo_dir,                                      /* -f */
 594             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_time,                       /* -T */
 595             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_maxloops,           /* -F */
 596             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_passtime);
 597         exit(requested ? 0 : 1);
 598 }
 599 
 600 static void
 601 process_options(int argc, char **argv)
 602 {
 603         char *path;
 604         ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts;
 605 
 606         int opt;
 607         uint64_t value;
 608         char altdir[MAXNAMELEN] = { 0 };
 609 
 610         bcopy(&ztest_opts_defaults, zo, sizeof (*zo));
 611 
 612         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv,
 613             "v:s:a:m:r:R:d:t:g:i:k:p:f:VET:P:hF:B:")) != EOF) {
 614                 value = 0;
 615                 switch (opt) {
 616                 case 'v':
 617                 case 's':
 618                 case 'a':
 619                 case 'm':
 620                 case 'r':
 621                 case 'R':
 622                 case 'd':
 623                 case 't':
 624                 case 'g':
 625                 case 'i':
 626                 case 'k':
 627                 case 'T':
 628                 case 'P':
 629                 case 'F':
 630                         value = nicenumtoull(optarg);
 631                 }
 632                 switch (opt) {
 633                 case 'v':
 634                         zo->zo_vdevs = value;
 635                         break;
 636                 case 's':
 637                         zo->zo_vdev_size = MAX(SPA_MINDEVSIZE, value);
 638                         break;
 639                 case 'a':
 640                         zo->zo_ashift = value;
 641                         break;
 642                 case 'm':
 643                         zo->zo_mirrors = value;
 644                         break;
 645                 case 'r':
 646                         zo->zo_raidz = MAX(1, value);
 647                         break;
 648                 case 'R':
 649                         zo->zo_raidz_parity = MIN(MAX(value, 1), 3);
 650                         break;
 651                 case 'd':
 652                         zo->zo_datasets = MAX(1, value);
 653                         break;
 654                 case 't':
 655                         zo->zo_threads = MAX(1, value);
 656                         break;
 657                 case 'g':
 658                         zo->zo_metaslab_gang_bang = MAX(SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE << 1,
 659                             value);
 660                         break;
 661                 case 'i':
 662                         zo->zo_init = value;
 663                         break;
 664                 case 'k':
 665                         zo->zo_killrate = value;
 666                         break;
 667                 case 'p':
 668                         (void) strlcpy(zo->zo_pool, optarg,
 669                             sizeof (zo->zo_pool));
 670                         break;
 671                 case 'f':
 672                         path = realpath(optarg, NULL);
 673                         if (path == NULL) {
 674                                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: %s\n",
 675                                     optarg, strerror(errno));
 676                                 usage(B_FALSE);
 677                         } else {
 678                                 (void) strlcpy(zo->zo_dir, path,
 679                                     sizeof (zo->zo_dir));
 680                         }
 681                         break;
 682                 case 'V':
 683                         zo->zo_verbose++;
 684                         break;
 685                 case 'E':
 686                         zo->zo_init = 0;
 687                         break;
 688                 case 'T':
 689                         zo->zo_time = value;
 690                         break;
 691                 case 'P':
 692                         zo->zo_passtime = MAX(1, value);
 693                         break;
 694                 case 'F':
 695                         zo->zo_maxloops = MAX(1, value);
 696                         break;
 697                 case 'B':
 698                         (void) strlcpy(altdir, optarg, sizeof (altdir));
 699                         break;
 700                 case 'h':
 701                         usage(B_TRUE);
 702                         break;
 703                 case '?':
 704                 default:
 705                         usage(B_FALSE);
 706                         break;
 707                 }
 708         }
 709 
 710         zo->zo_raidz_parity = MIN(zo->zo_raidz_parity, zo->zo_raidz - 1);
 711 
 712         zo->zo_vdevtime =
 713             (zo->zo_vdevs > 0 ? zo->zo_time * NANOSEC / zo->zo_vdevs :
 714             UINT64_MAX >> 2);
 715 
 716         if (strlen(altdir) > 0) {
 717                 char *cmd;
 718                 char *realaltdir;
 719                 char *bin;
 720                 char *ztest;
 721                 char *isa;
 722                 int isalen;
 723 
 724                 cmd = umem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
 725                 realaltdir = umem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
 726 
 727                 VERIFY(NULL != realpath(getexecname(), cmd));
 728                 if (0 != access(altdir, F_OK)) {
 729                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 730                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate ztest path: %s",
 731                             altdir);
 732                 }
 733                 VERIFY(NULL != realpath(altdir, realaltdir));
 734 
 735                 /*
 736                  * 'cmd' should be of the form "<anything>/usr/bin/<isa>/ztest".
 737                  * We want to extract <isa> to determine if we should use
 738                  * 32 or 64 bit binaries.
 739                  */
 740                 bin = strstr(cmd, "/usr/bin/");
 741                 ztest = strstr(bin, "/ztest");
 742                 isa = bin + 9;
 743                 isalen = ztest - isa;
 744                 (void) snprintf(zo->zo_alt_ztest, sizeof (zo->zo_alt_ztest),
 745                     "%s/usr/bin/%.*s/ztest", realaltdir, isalen, isa);
 746                 (void) snprintf(zo->zo_alt_libpath, sizeof (zo->zo_alt_libpath),
 747                     "%s/usr/lib/%.*s", realaltdir, isalen, isa);
 748 
 749                 if (0 != access(zo->zo_alt_ztest, X_OK)) {
 750                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 751                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate ztest: %s",
 752                             zo->zo_alt_ztest);
 753                 } else if (0 != access(zo->zo_alt_libpath, X_OK)) {
 754                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 755                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate lib directory %s",
 756                             zo->zo_alt_libpath);
 757                 }
 758 
 759                 umem_free(cmd, MAXPATHLEN);
 760                 umem_free(realaltdir, MAXPATHLEN);
 761         }
 762 }
 763 
 764 static void
 765 ztest_kill(ztest_shared_t *zs)
 766 {
 767         zs->zs_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(ztest_spa));
 768         zs->zs_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(ztest_spa));
 769         (void) kill(getpid(), SIGKILL);
 770 }
 771 
 772 static uint64_t
 773 ztest_random(uint64_t range)
 774 {
 775         uint64_t r;
 776 
 777         ASSERT3S(ztest_fd_rand, >=, 0);
 778 
 779         if (range == 0)
 780                 return (0);
 781 
 782         if (read(ztest_fd_rand, &r, sizeof (r)) != sizeof (r))
 783                 fatal(1, "short read from /dev/urandom");
 784 
 785         return (r % range);
 786 }
 787 
 788 /* ARGSUSED */
 789 static void
 790 ztest_record_enospc(const char *s)
 791 {
 792         ztest_shared->zs_enospc_count++;
 793 }
 794 
 795 static uint64_t
 796 ztest_get_ashift(void)
 797 {
 798         if (ztest_opts.zo_ashift == 0)
 799                 return (SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT + ztest_random(3));
 800         return (ztest_opts.zo_ashift);
 801 }
 802 
 803 static nvlist_t *
 804 make_vdev_file(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size, uint64_t ashift)
 805 {
 806         char pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
 807         uint64_t vdev;
 808         nvlist_t *file;
 809 
 810         if (ashift == 0)
 811                 ashift = ztest_get_ashift();
 812 
 813         if (path == NULL) {
 814                 path = pathbuf;
 815 
 816                 if (aux != NULL) {
 817                         vdev = ztest_shared->zs_vdev_aux;
 818                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (pathbuf),
 819                             ztest_aux_template, ztest_opts.zo_dir,
 820                             pool == NULL ? ztest_opts.zo_pool : pool,
 821                             aux, vdev);
 822                 } else {
 823                         vdev = ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf++;
 824                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (pathbuf),
 825                             ztest_dev_template, ztest_opts.zo_dir,
 826                             pool == NULL ? ztest_opts.zo_pool : pool, vdev);
 827                 }
 828         }
 829 
 830         if (size != 0) {
 831                 int fd = open(path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 832                 if (fd == -1)
 833                         fatal(1, "can't open %s", path);
 834                 if (ftruncate(fd, size) != 0)
 835                         fatal(1, "can't ftruncate %s", path);
 836                 (void) close(fd);
 837         }
 838 
 839         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&file, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 840         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_FILE) == 0);
 841         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_PATH, path) == 0);
 842         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT, ashift) == 0);
 843 
 844         return (file);
 845 }
 846 
 847 static nvlist_t *
 848 make_vdev_raidz(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size,
 849     uint64_t ashift, int r)
 850 {
 851         nvlist_t *raidz, **child;
 852         int c;
 853 
 854         if (r < 2)
 855                 return (make_vdev_file(path, aux, pool, size, ashift));
 856         child = umem_alloc(r * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 857 
 858         for (c = 0; c < r; c++)
 859                 child[c] = make_vdev_file(path, aux, pool, size, ashift);
 860 
 861         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&raidz, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 862         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 863             VDEV_TYPE_RAIDZ) == 0);
 864         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_NPARITY,
 865             ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity) == 0);
 866         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 867             child, r) == 0);
 868 
 869         for (c = 0; c < r; c++)
 870                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 871 
 872         umem_free(child, r * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 873 
 874         return (raidz);
 875 }
 876 
 877 static nvlist_t *
 878 make_vdev_mirror(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size,
 879     uint64_t ashift, int r, int m)
 880 {
 881         nvlist_t *mirror, **child;
 882         int c;
 883 
 884         if (m < 1)
 885                 return (make_vdev_raidz(path, aux, pool, size, ashift, r));
 886 
 887         child = umem_alloc(m * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 888 
 889         for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
 890                 child[c] = make_vdev_raidz(path, aux, pool, size, ashift, r);
 891 
 892         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&mirror, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 893         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(mirror, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 894             VDEV_TYPE_MIRROR) == 0);
 895         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(mirror, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 896             child, m) == 0);
 897 
 898         for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
 899                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 900 
 901         umem_free(child, m * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 902 
 903         return (mirror);
 904 }
 905 
 906 static nvlist_t *
 907 make_vdev_root(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size, uint64_t ashift,
 908     int log, int r, int m, int t)
 909 {
 910         nvlist_t *root, **child;
 911         int c;
 912 
 913         ASSERT(t > 0);
 914 
 915         child = umem_alloc(t * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 916 
 917         for (c = 0; c < t; c++) {
 918                 child[c] = make_vdev_mirror(path, aux, pool, size, ashift,
 919                     r, m);
 920                 VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
 921                     log) == 0);
 922         }
 923 
 924         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&root, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 925         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(root, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
 926         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(root, aux ? aux : ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 927             child, t) == 0);
 928 
 929         for (c = 0; c < t; c++)
 930                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 931 
 932         umem_free(child, t * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 933 
 934         return (root);
 935 }
 936 
 937 /*
 938  * Find a random spa version. Returns back a random spa version in the
 939  * range [initial_version, SPA_VERSION_FEATURES].
 940  */
 941 static uint64_t
 942 ztest_random_spa_version(uint64_t initial_version)
 943 {
 944         uint64_t version = initial_version;
 945 
 946         if (version <= SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES) {
 947                 version = version +
 948                     ztest_random(SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES - version + 1);
 949         }
 950 
 951         if (version > SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES)
 952                 version = SPA_VERSION_FEATURES;
 953 
 954         ASSERT(SPA_VERSION_IS_SUPPORTED(version));
 955         return (version);
 956 }
 957 
 958 static int
 959 ztest_random_blocksize(void)
 960 {
 961         return (1 << (SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT +
 962             ztest_random(SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT - SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT + 1)));
 963 }
 964 
 965 static int
 966 ztest_random_ibshift(void)
 967 {
 968         return (DN_MIN_INDBLKSHIFT +
 969             ztest_random(DN_MAX_INDBLKSHIFT - DN_MIN_INDBLKSHIFT + 1));
 970 }
 971 
 972 static uint64_t
 973 ztest_random_vdev_top(spa_t *spa, boolean_t log_ok)
 974 {
 975         uint64_t top;
 976         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
 977         vdev_t *tvd;
 978 
 979         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_ALL, RW_READER) != 0);
 980 
 981         do {
 982                 top = ztest_random(rvd->vdev_children);
 983                 tvd = rvd->vdev_child[top];
 984         } while (tvd->vdev_ishole || (tvd->vdev_islog && !log_ok) ||
 985             tvd->vdev_mg == NULL || tvd->vdev_mg->mg_class == NULL);
 986 
 987         return (top);
 988 }
 989 
 990 static uint64_t
 991 ztest_random_dsl_prop(zfs_prop_t prop)
 992 {
 993         uint64_t value;
 994 
 995         do {
 996                 value = zfs_prop_random_value(prop, ztest_random(-1ULL));
 997         } while (prop == ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM && value == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
 998 
 999         return (value);
1000 }
1001 
1002 static int
1003 ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(char *osname, zfs_prop_t prop, uint64_t value,
1004     boolean_t inherit)
1005 {
1006         const char *propname = zfs_prop_to_name(prop);
1007         const char *valname;
1008         char setpoint[MAXPATHLEN];
1009         uint64_t curval;
1010         int error;
1011 
1012         error = dsl_prop_set_int(osname, propname,
1013             (inherit ? ZPROP_SRC_NONE : ZPROP_SRC_LOCAL), value);
1014 
1015         if (error == ENOSPC) {
1016                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
1017                 return (error);
1018         }
1019         ASSERT0(error);
1020 
1021         VERIFY0(dsl_prop_get_integer(osname, propname, &curval, setpoint));
1022 
1023         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
1024                 VERIFY(zfs_prop_index_to_string(prop, curval, &valname) == 0);
1025                 (void) printf("%s %s = %s at '%s'\n",
1026                     osname, propname, valname, setpoint);
1027         }
1028 
1029         return (error);
1030 }
1031 
1032 static int
1033 ztest_spa_prop_set_uint64(zpool_prop_t prop, uint64_t value)
1034 {
1035         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
1036         nvlist_t *props = NULL;
1037         int error;
1038 
1039         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
1040         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(props, zpool_prop_to_name(prop), value) == 0);
1041 
1042         error = spa_prop_set(spa, props);
1043 
1044         nvlist_free(props);
1045 
1046         if (error == ENOSPC) {
1047                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
1048                 return (error);
1049         }
1050         ASSERT0(error);
1051 
1052         return (error);
1053 }
1054 
1055 static void
1056 ztest_rll_init(rll_t *rll)
1057 {
1058         rll->rll_writer = NULL;
1059         rll->rll_readers = 0;
1060         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&rll->rll_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1061         VERIFY(cond_init(&rll->rll_cv, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1062 }
1063 
1064 static void
1065 ztest_rll_destroy(rll_t *rll)
1066 {
1067         ASSERT(rll->rll_writer == NULL);
1068         ASSERT(rll->rll_readers == 0);
1069         VERIFY(_mutex_destroy(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1070         VERIFY(cond_destroy(&rll->rll_cv) == 0);
1071 }
1072 
1073 static void
1074 ztest_rll_lock(rll_t *rll, rl_type_t type)
1075 {
1076         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1077 
1078         if (type == RL_READER) {
1079                 while (rll->rll_writer != NULL)
1080                         (void) cond_wait(&rll->rll_cv, &rll->rll_lock);
1081                 rll->rll_readers++;
1082         } else {
1083                 while (rll->rll_writer != NULL || rll->rll_readers)
1084                         (void) cond_wait(&rll->rll_cv, &rll->rll_lock);
1085                 rll->rll_writer = curthread;
1086         }
1087 
1088         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1089 }
1090 
1091 static void
1092 ztest_rll_unlock(rll_t *rll)
1093 {
1094         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1095 
1096         if (rll->rll_writer) {
1097                 ASSERT(rll->rll_readers == 0);
1098                 rll->rll_writer = NULL;
1099         } else {
1100                 ASSERT(rll->rll_readers != 0);
1101                 ASSERT(rll->rll_writer == NULL);
1102                 rll->rll_readers--;
1103         }
1104 
1105         if (rll->rll_writer == NULL && rll->rll_readers == 0)
1106                 VERIFY(cond_broadcast(&rll->rll_cv) == 0);
1107 
1108         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1109 }
1110 
1111 static void
1112 ztest_object_lock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, rl_type_t type)
1113 {
1114         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_object_lock[object & (ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS - 1)];
1115 
1116         ztest_rll_lock(rll, type);
1117 }
1118 
1119 static void
1120 ztest_object_unlock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object)
1121 {
1122         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_object_lock[object & (ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS - 1)];
1123 
1124         ztest_rll_unlock(rll);
1125 }
1126 
1127 static rl_t *
1128 ztest_range_lock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset,
1129     uint64_t size, rl_type_t type)
1130 {
1131         uint64_t hash = object ^ (offset % (ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS + 1));
1132         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_range_lock[hash & (ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS - 1)];
1133         rl_t *rl;
1134 
1135         rl = umem_alloc(sizeof (*rl), UMEM_NOFAIL);
1136         rl->rl_object = object;
1137         rl->rl_offset = offset;
1138         rl->rl_size = size;
1139         rl->rl_lock = rll;
1140 
1141         ztest_rll_lock(rll, type);
1142 
1143         return (rl);
1144 }
1145 
1146 static void
1147 ztest_range_unlock(rl_t *rl)
1148 {
1149         rll_t *rll = rl->rl_lock;
1150 
1151         ztest_rll_unlock(rll);
1152 
1153         umem_free(rl, sizeof (*rl));
1154 }
1155 
1156 static void
1157 ztest_zd_init(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_shared_ds_t *szd, objset_t *os)
1158 {
1159         zd->zd_os = os;
1160         zd->zd_zilog = dmu_objset_zil(os);
1161         zd->zd_shared = szd;
1162         dmu_objset_name(os, zd->zd_name);
1163 
1164         if (zd->zd_shared != NULL)
1165                 zd->zd_shared->zd_seq = 0;
1166 
1167         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&zd->zd_zilog_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1168         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1169 
1170         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS; l++)
1171                 ztest_rll_init(&zd->zd_object_lock[l]);
1172 
1173         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS; l++)
1174                 ztest_rll_init(&zd->zd_range_lock[l]);
1175 }
1176 
1177 static void
1178 ztest_zd_fini(ztest_ds_t *zd)
1179 {
1180         VERIFY(_mutex_destroy(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
1181 
1182         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS; l++)
1183                 ztest_rll_destroy(&zd->zd_object_lock[l]);
1184 
1185         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS; l++)
1186                 ztest_rll_destroy(&zd->zd_range_lock[l]);
1187 }
1188 
1189 #define TXG_MIGHTWAIT   (ztest_random(10) == 0 ? TXG_NOWAIT : TXG_WAIT)
1190 
1191 static uint64_t
1192 ztest_tx_assign(dmu_tx_t *tx, uint64_t txg_how, const char *tag)
1193 {
1194         uint64_t txg;
1195         int error;
1196 
1197         /*
1198          * Attempt to assign tx to some transaction group.
1199          */
1200         error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, txg_how);
1201         if (error) {
1202                 if (error == ERESTART) {
1203                         ASSERT(txg_how == TXG_NOWAIT);
1204                         dmu_tx_wait(tx);
1205                 } else {
1206                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOSPC);
1207                         ztest_record_enospc(tag);
1208                 }
1209                 dmu_tx_abort(tx);
1210                 return (0);
1211         }
1212         txg = dmu_tx_get_txg(tx);
1213         ASSERT(txg != 0);
1214         return (txg);
1215 }
1216 
1217 static void
1218 ztest_pattern_set(void *buf, uint64_t size, uint64_t value)
1219 {
1220         uint64_t *ip = buf;
1221         uint64_t *ip_end = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)size);
1222 
1223         while (ip < ip_end)
1224                 *ip++ = value;
1225 }
1226 
1227 static boolean_t
1228 ztest_pattern_match(void *buf, uint64_t size, uint64_t value)
1229 {
1230         uint64_t *ip = buf;
1231         uint64_t *ip_end = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)size);
1232         uint64_t diff = 0;
1233 
1234         while (ip < ip_end)
1235                 diff |= (value - *ip++);
1236 
1237         return (diff == 0);
1238 }
1239 
1240 static void
1241 ztest_bt_generate(ztest_block_tag_t *bt, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
1242     uint64_t offset, uint64_t gen, uint64_t txg, uint64_t crtxg)
1243 {
1244         bt->bt_magic = BT_MAGIC;
1245         bt->bt_objset = dmu_objset_id(os);
1246         bt->bt_object = object;
1247         bt->bt_offset = offset;
1248         bt->bt_gen = gen;
1249         bt->bt_txg = txg;
1250         bt->bt_crtxg = crtxg;
1251 }
1252 
1253 static void
1254 ztest_bt_verify(ztest_block_tag_t *bt, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
1255     uint64_t offset, uint64_t gen, uint64_t txg, uint64_t crtxg)
1256 {
1257         ASSERT(bt->bt_magic == BT_MAGIC);
1258         ASSERT(bt->bt_objset == dmu_objset_id(os));
1259         ASSERT(bt->bt_object == object);
1260         ASSERT(bt->bt_offset == offset);
1261         ASSERT(bt->bt_gen <= gen);
1262         ASSERT(bt->bt_txg <= txg);
1263         ASSERT(bt->bt_crtxg == crtxg);
1264 }
1265 
1266 static ztest_block_tag_t *
1267 ztest_bt_bonus(dmu_buf_t *db)
1268 {
1269         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1270         ztest_block_tag_t *bt;
1271 
1272         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1273         ASSERT3U(doi.doi_bonus_size, <=, db->db_size);
1274         ASSERT3U(doi.doi_bonus_size, >=, sizeof (*bt));
1275         bt = (void *)((char *)db->db_data + doi.doi_bonus_size - sizeof (*bt));
1276 
1277         return (bt);
1278 }
1279 
1280 /*
1281  * ZIL logging ops
1282  */
1283 
1284 #define lrz_type        lr_mode
1285 #define lrz_blocksize   lr_uid
1286 #define lrz_ibshift     lr_gid
1287 #define lrz_bonustype   lr_rdev
1288 #define lrz_bonuslen    lr_crtime[1]
1289 
1290 static void
1291 ztest_log_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_create_t *lr)
1292 {
1293         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1294         size_t namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
1295         itx_t *itx;
1296 
1297         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1298                 return;
1299 
1300         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_CREATE, sizeof (*lr) + namesize);
1301         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1302             sizeof (*lr) + namesize - sizeof (lr_t));
1303 
1304         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1305 }
1306 
1307 static void
1308 ztest_log_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_remove_t *lr, uint64_t object)
1309 {
1310         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1311         size_t namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
1312         itx_t *itx;
1313 
1314         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1315                 return;
1316 
1317         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_REMOVE, sizeof (*lr) + namesize);
1318         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1319             sizeof (*lr) + namesize - sizeof (lr_t));
1320 
1321         itx->itx_oid = object;
1322         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1323 }
1324 
1325 static void
1326 ztest_log_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_write_t *lr)
1327 {
1328         itx_t *itx;
1329         itx_wr_state_t write_state = ztest_random(WR_NUM_STATES);
1330 
1331         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1332                 return;
1333 
1334         if (lr->lr_length > ZIL_MAX_LOG_DATA)
1335                 write_state = WR_INDIRECT;
1336 
1337         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_WRITE,
1338             sizeof (*lr) + (write_state == WR_COPIED ? lr->lr_length : 0));
1339 
1340         if (write_state == WR_COPIED &&
1341             dmu_read(zd->zd_os, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length,
1342             ((lr_write_t *)&itx->itx_lr) + 1, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) != 0) {
1343                 zil_itx_destroy(itx);
1344                 itx = zil_itx_create(TX_WRITE, sizeof (*lr));
1345                 write_state = WR_NEED_COPY;
1346         }
1347         itx->itx_private = zd;
1348         itx->itx_wr_state = write_state;
1349         itx->itx_sync = (ztest_random(8) == 0);
1350         itx->itx_sod += (write_state == WR_NEED_COPY ? lr->lr_length : 0);
1351 
1352         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1353             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1354 
1355         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1356 }
1357 
1358 static void
1359 ztest_log_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_truncate_t *lr)
1360 {
1361         itx_t *itx;
1362 
1363         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1364                 return;
1365 
1366         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_TRUNCATE, sizeof (*lr));
1367         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1368             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1369 
1370         itx->itx_sync = B_FALSE;
1371         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1372 }
1373 
1374 static void
1375 ztest_log_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_setattr_t *lr)
1376 {
1377         itx_t *itx;
1378 
1379         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1380                 return;
1381 
1382         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_SETATTR, sizeof (*lr));
1383         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1384             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1385 
1386         itx->itx_sync = B_FALSE;
1387         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1388 }
1389 
1390 /*
1391  * ZIL replay ops
1392  */
1393 static int
1394 ztest_replay_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_create_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1395 {
1396         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1397         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1398         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1399         dmu_buf_t *db;
1400         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1401         uint64_t txg;
1402         int error = 0;
1403 
1404         if (byteswap)
1405                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1406 
1407         ASSERT(lr->lr_doid == ZTEST_DIROBJ);
1408         ASSERT(name[0] != '\0');
1409 
1410         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1411 
1412         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, lr->lr_doid, B_TRUE, name);
1413 
1414         if (lr->lrz_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1415                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, DMU_NEW_OBJECT, B_TRUE, NULL);
1416         } else {
1417                 dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, DMU_NEW_OBJECT);
1418         }
1419 
1420         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1421         if (txg == 0)
1422                 return (ENOSPC);
1423 
1424         ASSERT(dmu_objset_zil(os)->zl_replay == !!lr->lr_foid);
1425 
1426         if (lr->lrz_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1427                 if (lr->lr_foid == 0) {
1428                         lr->lr_foid = zap_create(os,
1429                             lr->lrz_type, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1430                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1431                 } else {
1432                         error = zap_create_claim(os, lr->lr_foid,
1433                             lr->lrz_type, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1434                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1435                 }
1436         } else {
1437                 if (lr->lr_foid == 0) {
1438                         lr->lr_foid = dmu_object_alloc(os,
1439                             lr->lrz_type, 0, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1440                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1441                 } else {
1442                         error = dmu_object_claim(os, lr->lr_foid,
1443                             lr->lrz_type, 0, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1444                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1445                 }
1446         }
1447 
1448         if (error) {
1449                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, EEXIST);
1450                 ASSERT(zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay);
1451                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1452                 return (error);
1453         }
1454 
1455         ASSERT(lr->lr_foid != 0);
1456 
1457         if (lr->lrz_type != DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER)
1458                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_set_blocksize(os, lr->lr_foid,
1459                     lr->lrz_blocksize, lr->lrz_ibshift, tx));
1460 
1461         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1462         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1463         dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
1464         ztest_bt_generate(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_gen, txg, txg);
1465         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1466 
1467         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add(os, lr->lr_doid, name, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
1468             &lr->lr_foid, tx));
1469 
1470         (void) ztest_log_create(zd, tx, lr);
1471 
1472         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1473 
1474         return (0);
1475 }
1476 
1477 static int
1478 ztest_replay_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_remove_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1479 {
1480         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1481         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1482         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1483         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1484         uint64_t object, txg;
1485 
1486         if (byteswap)
1487                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1488 
1489         ASSERT(lr->lr_doid == ZTEST_DIROBJ);
1490         ASSERT(name[0] != '\0');
1491 
1492         VERIFY3U(0, ==,
1493             zap_lookup(os, lr->lr_doid, name, sizeof (object), 1, &object));
1494         ASSERT(object != 0);
1495 
1496         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_WRITER);
1497 
1498         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi));
1499 
1500         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1501 
1502         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, lr->lr_doid, B_FALSE, name);
1503         dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, object, 0, DMU_OBJECT_END);
1504 
1505         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1506         if (txg == 0) {
1507                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1508                 return (ENOSPC);
1509         }
1510 
1511         if (doi.doi_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1512                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_destroy(os, object, tx));
1513         } else {
1514                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_free(os, object, tx));
1515         }
1516 
1517         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, lr->lr_doid, name, tx));
1518 
1519         (void) ztest_log_remove(zd, tx, lr, object);
1520 
1521         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1522 
1523         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1524 
1525         return (0);
1526 }
1527 
1528 static int
1529 ztest_replay_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_write_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1530 {
1531         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1532         void *data = lr + 1;                    /* data follows lr */
1533         uint64_t offset, length;
1534         ztest_block_tag_t *bt = data;
1535         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1536         uint64_t gen, txg, lrtxg, crtxg;
1537         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1538         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1539         dmu_buf_t *db;
1540         arc_buf_t *abuf = NULL;
1541         rl_t *rl;
1542 
1543         if (byteswap)
1544                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1545 
1546         offset = lr->lr_offset;
1547         length = lr->lr_length;
1548 
1549         /* If it's a dmu_sync() block, write the whole block */
1550         if (lr->lr_common.lrc_reclen == sizeof (lr_write_t)) {
1551                 uint64_t blocksize = BP_GET_LSIZE(&lr->lr_blkptr);
1552                 if (length < blocksize) {
1553                         offset -= offset % blocksize;
1554                         length = blocksize;
1555                 }
1556         }
1557 
1558         if (bt->bt_magic == BSWAP_64(BT_MAGIC))
1559                 byteswap_uint64_array(bt, sizeof (*bt));
1560 
1561         if (bt->bt_magic != BT_MAGIC)
1562                 bt = NULL;
1563 
1564         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_READER);
1565         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, offset, length, RL_WRITER);
1566 
1567         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1568 
1569         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1570 
1571         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1572         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1573         gen = bbt->bt_gen;
1574         crtxg = bbt->bt_crtxg;
1575         lrtxg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1576 
1577         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1578 
1579         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, lr->lr_foid, offset, length);
1580 
1581         if (ztest_random(8) == 0 && length == doi.doi_data_block_size &&
1582             P2PHASE(offset, length) == 0)
1583                 abuf = dmu_request_arcbuf(db, length);
1584 
1585         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1586         if (txg == 0) {
1587                 if (abuf != NULL)
1588                         dmu_return_arcbuf(abuf);
1589                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1590                 ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1591                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1592                 return (ENOSPC);
1593         }
1594 
1595         if (bt != NULL) {
1596                 /*
1597                  * Usually, verify the old data before writing new data --
1598                  * but not always, because we also want to verify correct
1599                  * behavior when the data was not recently read into cache.
1600                  */
1601                 ASSERT(offset % doi.doi_data_block_size == 0);
1602                 if (ztest_random(4) != 0) {
1603                         int prefetch = ztest_random(2) ?
1604                             DMU_READ_PREFETCH : DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH;
1605                         ztest_block_tag_t rbt;
1606 
1607                         VERIFY(dmu_read(os, lr->lr_foid, offset,
1608                             sizeof (rbt), &rbt, prefetch) == 0);
1609                         if (rbt.bt_magic == BT_MAGIC) {
1610                                 ztest_bt_verify(&rbt, os, lr->lr_foid,
1611                                     offset, gen, txg, crtxg);
1612                         }
1613                 }
1614 
1615                 /*
1616                  * Writes can appear to be newer than the bonus buffer because
1617                  * the ztest_get_data() callback does a dmu_read() of the
1618                  * open-context data, which may be different than the data
1619                  * as it was when the write was generated.
1620                  */
1621                 if (zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay) {
1622                         ztest_bt_verify(bt, os, lr->lr_foid, offset,
1623                             MAX(gen, bt->bt_gen), MAX(txg, lrtxg),
1624                             bt->bt_crtxg);
1625                 }
1626 
1627                 /*
1628                  * Set the bt's gen/txg to the bonus buffer's gen/txg
1629                  * so that all of the usual ASSERTs will work.
1630                  */
1631                 ztest_bt_generate(bt, os, lr->lr_foid, offset, gen, txg, crtxg);
1632         }
1633 
1634         if (abuf == NULL) {
1635                 dmu_write(os, lr->lr_foid, offset, length, data, tx);
1636         } else {
1637                 bcopy(data, abuf->b_data, length);
1638                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(db, offset, abuf, tx);
1639         }
1640 
1641         (void) ztest_log_write(zd, tx, lr);
1642 
1643         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1644 
1645         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1646 
1647         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1648         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1649 
1650         return (0);
1651 }
1652 
1653 static int
1654 ztest_replay_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_truncate_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1655 {
1656         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1657         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1658         uint64_t txg;
1659         rl_t *rl;
1660 
1661         if (byteswap)
1662                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1663 
1664         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_READER);
1665         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length,
1666             RL_WRITER);
1667 
1668         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1669 
1670         dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length);
1671 
1672         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1673         if (txg == 0) {
1674                 ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1675                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1676                 return (ENOSPC);
1677         }
1678 
1679         VERIFY(dmu_free_range(os, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset,
1680             lr->lr_length, tx) == 0);
1681 
1682         (void) ztest_log_truncate(zd, tx, lr);
1683 
1684         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1685 
1686         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1687         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1688 
1689         return (0);
1690 }
1691 
1692 static int
1693 ztest_replay_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, lr_setattr_t *lr, boolean_t byteswap)
1694 {
1695         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1696         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1697         dmu_buf_t *db;
1698         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1699         uint64_t txg, lrtxg, crtxg;
1700 
1701         if (byteswap)
1702                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1703 
1704         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_WRITER);
1705 
1706         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1707 
1708         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1709         dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, lr->lr_foid);
1710 
1711         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1712         if (txg == 0) {
1713                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1714                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1715                 return (ENOSPC);
1716         }
1717 
1718         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1719         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1720         crtxg = bbt->bt_crtxg;
1721         lrtxg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1722 
1723         if (zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay) {
1724                 ASSERT(lr->lr_size != 0);
1725                 ASSERT(lr->lr_mode != 0);
1726                 ASSERT(lrtxg != 0);
1727         } else {
1728                 /*
1729                  * Randomly change the size and increment the generation.
1730                  */
1731                 lr->lr_size = (ztest_random(db->db_size / sizeof (*bbt)) + 1) *
1732                     sizeof (*bbt);
1733                 lr->lr_mode = bbt->bt_gen + 1;
1734                 ASSERT(lrtxg == 0);
1735         }
1736 
1737         /*
1738          * Verify that the current bonus buffer is not newer than our txg.
1739          */
1740         ztest_bt_verify(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_mode,
1741             MAX(txg, lrtxg), crtxg);
1742 
1743         dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
1744 
1745         ASSERT3U(lr->lr_size, >=, sizeof (*bbt));
1746         ASSERT3U(lr->lr_size, <=, db->db_size);
1747         VERIFY0(dmu_set_bonus(db, lr->lr_size, tx));
1748         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1749 
1750         ztest_bt_generate(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_mode, txg, crtxg);
1751 
1752         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1753 
1754         (void) ztest_log_setattr(zd, tx, lr);
1755 
1756         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1757 
1758         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1759 
1760         return (0);
1761 }
1762 
1763 zil_replay_func_t *ztest_replay_vector[TX_MAX_TYPE] = {
1764         NULL,                   /* 0 no such transaction type */
1765         ztest_replay_create,    /* TX_CREATE */
1766         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR */
1767         NULL,                   /* TX_MKXATTR */
1768         NULL,                   /* TX_SYMLINK */
1769         ztest_replay_remove,    /* TX_REMOVE */
1770         NULL,                   /* TX_RMDIR */
1771         NULL,                   /* TX_LINK */
1772         NULL,                   /* TX_RENAME */
1773         ztest_replay_write,     /* TX_WRITE */
1774         ztest_replay_truncate,  /* TX_TRUNCATE */
1775         ztest_replay_setattr,   /* TX_SETATTR */
1776         NULL,                   /* TX_ACL */
1777         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ACL */
1778         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ATTR */
1779         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ACL_ATTR */
1780         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ACL */
1781         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ATTR */
1782         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ACL_ATTR */
1783         NULL,                   /* TX_WRITE2 */
1784 };
1785 
1786 /*
1787  * ZIL get_data callbacks
1788  */
1789 
1790 static void
1791 ztest_get_done(zgd_t *zgd, int error)
1792 {
1793         ztest_ds_t *zd = zgd->zgd_private;
1794         uint64_t object = zgd->zgd_rl->rl_object;
1795 
1796         if (zgd->zgd_db)
1797                 dmu_buf_rele(zgd->zgd_db, zgd);
1798 
1799         ztest_range_unlock(zgd->zgd_rl);
1800         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1801 
1802         if (error == 0 && zgd->zgd_bp)
1803                 zil_add_block(zgd->zgd_zilog, zgd->zgd_bp);
1804 
1805         umem_free(zgd, sizeof (*zgd));
1806 }
1807 
1808 static int
1809 ztest_get_data(void *arg, lr_write_t *lr, char *buf, zio_t *zio)
1810 {
1811         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg;
1812         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1813         uint64_t object = lr->lr_foid;
1814         uint64_t offset = lr->lr_offset;
1815         uint64_t size = lr->lr_length;
1816         blkptr_t *bp = &lr->lr_blkptr;
1817         uint64_t txg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1818         uint64_t crtxg;
1819         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1820         dmu_buf_t *db;
1821         zgd_t *zgd;
1822         int error;
1823 
1824         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_READER);
1825         error = dmu_bonus_hold(os, object, FTAG, &db);
1826         if (error) {
1827                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1828                 return (error);
1829         }
1830 
1831         crtxg = ztest_bt_bonus(db)->bt_crtxg;
1832 
1833         if (crtxg == 0 || crtxg > txg) {
1834                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1835                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1836                 return (ENOENT);
1837         }
1838 
1839         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1840         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1841         db = NULL;
1842 
1843         zgd = umem_zalloc(sizeof (*zgd), UMEM_NOFAIL);
1844         zgd->zgd_zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
1845         zgd->zgd_private = zd;
1846 
1847         if (buf != NULL) {      /* immediate write */
1848                 zgd->zgd_rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size,
1849                     RL_READER);
1850 
1851                 error = dmu_read(os, object, offset, size, buf,
1852                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
1853                 ASSERT(error == 0);
1854         } else {
1855                 size = doi.doi_data_block_size;
1856                 if (ISP2(size)) {
1857                         offset = P2ALIGN(offset, size);
1858                 } else {
1859                         ASSERT(offset < size);
1860                         offset = 0;
1861                 }
1862 
1863                 zgd->zgd_rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size,
1864                     RL_READER);
1865 
1866                 error = dmu_buf_hold(os, object, offset, zgd, &db,
1867                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
1868 
1869                 if (error == 0) {
1870                         blkptr_t *obp = dmu_buf_get_blkptr(db);
1871                         if (obp) {
1872                                 ASSERT(BP_IS_HOLE(bp));
1873                                 *bp = *obp;
1874                         }
1875 
1876                         zgd->zgd_db = db;
1877                         zgd->zgd_bp = bp;
1878 
1879                         ASSERT(db->db_offset == offset);
1880                         ASSERT(db->db_size == size);
1881 
1882                         error = dmu_sync(zio, lr->lr_common.lrc_txg,
1883                             ztest_get_done, zgd);
1884 
1885                         if (error == 0)
1886                                 return (0);
1887                 }
1888         }
1889 
1890         ztest_get_done(zgd, error);
1891 
1892         return (error);
1893 }
1894 
1895 static void *
1896 ztest_lr_alloc(size_t lrsize, char *name)
1897 {
1898         char *lr;
1899         size_t namesize = name ? strlen(name) + 1 : 0;
1900 
1901         lr = umem_zalloc(lrsize + namesize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
1902 
1903         if (name)
1904                 bcopy(name, lr + lrsize, namesize);
1905 
1906         return (lr);
1907 }
1908 
1909 void
1910 ztest_lr_free(void *lr, size_t lrsize, char *name)
1911 {
1912         size_t namesize = name ? strlen(name) + 1 : 0;
1913 
1914         umem_free(lr, lrsize + namesize);
1915 }
1916 
1917 /*
1918  * Lookup a bunch of objects.  Returns the number of objects not found.
1919  */
1920 static int
1921 ztest_lookup(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
1922 {
1923         int missing = 0;
1924         int error;
1925 
1926         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
1927 
1928         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++, od++) {
1929                 od->od_object = 0;
1930                 error = zap_lookup(zd->zd_os, od->od_dir, od->od_name,
1931                     sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &od->od_object);
1932                 if (error) {
1933                         ASSERT(error == ENOENT);
1934                         ASSERT(od->od_object == 0);
1935                         missing++;
1936                 } else {
1937                         dmu_buf_t *db;
1938                         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1939                         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1940 
1941                         ASSERT(od->od_object != 0);
1942                         ASSERT(missing == 0);   /* there should be no gaps */
1943 
1944                         ztest_object_lock(zd, od->od_object, RL_READER);
1945                         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(zd->zd_os,
1946                             od->od_object, FTAG, &db));
1947                         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1948                         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1949                         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1950                         od->od_type = doi.doi_type;
1951                         od->od_blocksize = doi.doi_data_block_size;
1952                         od->od_gen = bbt->bt_gen;
1953                         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1954                         ztest_object_unlock(zd, od->od_object);
1955                 }
1956         }
1957 
1958         return (missing);
1959 }
1960 
1961 static int
1962 ztest_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
1963 {
1964         int missing = 0;
1965 
1966         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
1967 
1968         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++, od++) {
1969                 if (missing) {
1970                         od->od_object = 0;
1971                         missing++;
1972                         continue;
1973                 }
1974 
1975                 lr_create_t *lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
1976 
1977                 lr->lr_doid = od->od_dir;
1978                 lr->lr_foid = 0;     /* 0 to allocate, > 0 to claim */
1979                 lr->lrz_type = od->od_crtype;
1980                 lr->lrz_blocksize = od->od_crblocksize;
1981                 lr->lrz_ibshift = ztest_random_ibshift();
1982                 lr->lrz_bonustype = DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER;
1983                 lr->lrz_bonuslen = dmu_bonus_max();
1984                 lr->lr_gen = od->od_crgen;
1985                 lr->lr_crtime[0] = time(NULL);
1986 
1987                 if (ztest_replay_create(zd, lr, B_FALSE) != 0) {
1988                         ASSERT(missing == 0);
1989                         od->od_object = 0;
1990                         missing++;
1991                 } else {
1992                         od->od_object = lr->lr_foid;
1993                         od->od_type = od->od_crtype;
1994                         od->od_blocksize = od->od_crblocksize;
1995                         od->od_gen = od->od_crgen;
1996                         ASSERT(od->od_object != 0);
1997                 }
1998 
1999                 ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2000         }
2001 
2002         return (missing);
2003 }
2004 
2005 static int
2006 ztest_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
2007 {
2008         int missing = 0;
2009         int error;
2010 
2011         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
2012 
2013         od += count - 1;
2014 
2015         for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--, od--) {
2016                 if (missing) {
2017                         missing++;
2018                         continue;
2019                 }
2020 
2021                 /*
2022                  * No object was found.
2023                  */
2024                 if (od->od_object == 0)
2025                         continue;
2026 
2027                 lr_remove_t *lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2028 
2029                 lr->lr_doid = od->od_dir;
2030 
2031                 if ((error = ztest_replay_remove(zd, lr, B_FALSE)) != 0) {
2032                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOSPC);
2033                         missing++;
2034                 } else {
2035                         od->od_object = 0;
2036                 }
2037                 ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2038         }
2039 
2040         return (missing);
2041 }
2042 
2043 static int
2044 ztest_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size,
2045     void *data)
2046 {
2047         lr_write_t *lr;
2048         int error;
2049 
2050         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr) + size, NULL);
2051 
2052         lr->lr_foid = object;
2053         lr->lr_offset = offset;
2054         lr->lr_length = size;
2055         lr->lr_blkoff = 0;
2056         BP_ZERO(&lr->lr_blkptr);
2057 
2058         bcopy(data, lr + 1, size);
2059 
2060         error = ztest_replay_write(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2061 
2062         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr) + size, NULL);
2063 
2064         return (error);
2065 }
2066 
2067 static int
2068 ztest_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
2069 {
2070         lr_truncate_t *lr;
2071         int error;
2072 
2073         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2074 
2075         lr->lr_foid = object;
2076         lr->lr_offset = offset;
2077         lr->lr_length = size;
2078 
2079         error = ztest_replay_truncate(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2080 
2081         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2082 
2083         return (error);
2084 }
2085 
2086 static int
2087 ztest_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object)
2088 {
2089         lr_setattr_t *lr;
2090         int error;
2091 
2092         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2093 
2094         lr->lr_foid = object;
2095         lr->lr_size = 0;
2096         lr->lr_mode = 0;
2097 
2098         error = ztest_replay_setattr(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2099 
2100         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2101 
2102         return (error);
2103 }
2104 
2105 static void
2106 ztest_prealloc(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
2107 {
2108         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
2109         dmu_tx_t *tx;
2110         uint64_t txg;
2111         rl_t *rl;
2112 
2113         txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
2114 
2115         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_READER);
2116         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size, RL_WRITER);
2117 
2118         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
2119 
2120         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, object, offset, size);
2121 
2122         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
2123 
2124         if (txg != 0) {
2125                 dmu_prealloc(os, object, offset, size, tx);
2126                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
2127                 txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), txg);
2128         } else {
2129                 (void) dmu_free_long_range(os, object, offset, size);
2130         }
2131 
2132         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
2133         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
2134 }
2135 
2136 static void
2137 ztest_io(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset)
2138 {
2139         int err;
2140         ztest_block_tag_t wbt;
2141         dmu_object_info_t doi;
2142         enum ztest_io_type io_type;
2143         uint64_t blocksize;
2144         void *data;
2145 
2146         VERIFY(dmu_object_info(zd->zd_os, object, &doi) == 0);
2147         blocksize = doi.doi_data_block_size;
2148         data = umem_alloc(blocksize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
2149 
2150         /*
2151          * Pick an i/o type at random, biased toward writing block tags.
2152          */
2153         io_type = ztest_random(ZTEST_IO_TYPES);
2154         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2155                 io_type = ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG;
2156 
2157         (void) rw_rdlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2158 
2159         switch (io_type) {
2160 
2161         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG:
2162                 ztest_bt_generate(&wbt, zd->zd_os, object, offset, 0, 0, 0);
2163                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, sizeof (wbt), &wbt);
2164                 break;
2165 
2166         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_PATTERN:
2167                 (void) memset(data, 'a' + (object + offset) % 5, blocksize);
2168                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2169                         /*
2170                          * Induce fletcher2 collisions to ensure that
2171                          * zio_ddt_collision() detects and resolves them
2172                          * when using fletcher2-verify for deduplication.
2173                          */
2174                         ((uint64_t *)data)[0] ^= 1ULL << 63;
2175                         ((uint64_t *)data)[4] ^= 1ULL << 63;
2176                 }
2177                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2178                 break;
2179 
2180         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_ZEROES:
2181                 bzero(data, blocksize);
2182                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2183                 break;
2184 
2185         case ZTEST_IO_TRUNCATE:
2186                 (void) ztest_truncate(zd, object, offset, blocksize);
2187                 break;
2188 
2189         case ZTEST_IO_SETATTR:
2190                 (void) ztest_setattr(zd, object);
2191                 break;
2192 
2193         case ZTEST_IO_REWRITE:
2194                 (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2195                 err = ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name,
2196                     ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM, spa_dedup_checksum(ztest_spa),
2197                     B_FALSE);
2198                 VERIFY(err == 0 || err == ENOSPC);
2199                 err = ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name,
2200                     ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION,
2201                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION),
2202                     B_FALSE);
2203                 VERIFY(err == 0 || err == ENOSPC);
2204                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2205 
2206                 VERIFY0(dmu_read(zd->zd_os, object, offset, blocksize, data,
2207                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH));
2208 
2209                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2210                 break;
2211         }
2212 
2213         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2214 
2215         umem_free(data, blocksize);
2216 }
2217 
2218 /*
2219  * Initialize an object description template.
2220  */
2221 static void
2222 ztest_od_init(ztest_od_t *od, uint64_t id, char *tag, uint64_t index,
2223     dmu_object_type_t type, uint64_t blocksize, uint64_t gen)
2224 {
2225         od->od_dir = ZTEST_DIROBJ;
2226         od->od_object = 0;
2227 
2228         od->od_crtype = type;
2229         od->od_crblocksize = blocksize ? blocksize : ztest_random_blocksize();
2230         od->od_crgen = gen;
2231 
2232         od->od_type = DMU_OT_NONE;
2233         od->od_blocksize = 0;
2234         od->od_gen = 0;
2235 
2236         (void) snprintf(od->od_name, sizeof (od->od_name), "%s(%lld)[%llu]",
2237             tag, (int64_t)id, index);
2238 }
2239 
2240 /*
2241  * Lookup or create the objects for a test using the od template.
2242  * If the objects do not all exist, or if 'remove' is specified,
2243  * remove any existing objects and create new ones.  Otherwise,
2244  * use the existing objects.
2245  */
2246 static int
2247 ztest_object_init(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, size_t size, boolean_t remove)
2248 {
2249         int count = size / sizeof (*od);
2250         int rv = 0;
2251 
2252         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2253         if ((ztest_lookup(zd, od, count) != 0 || remove) &&
2254             (ztest_remove(zd, od, count) != 0 ||
2255             ztest_create(zd, od, count) != 0))
2256                 rv = -1;
2257         zd->zd_od = od;
2258         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2259 
2260         return (rv);
2261 }
2262 
2263 /* ARGSUSED */
2264 void
2265 ztest_zil_commit(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2266 {
2267         zilog_t *zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
2268 
2269         (void) rw_rdlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2270 
2271         zil_commit(zilog, ztest_random(ZTEST_OBJECTS));
2272 
2273         /*
2274          * Remember the committed values in zd, which is in parent/child
2275          * shared memory.  If we die, the next iteration of ztest_run()
2276          * will verify that the log really does contain this record.
2277          */
2278         mutex_enter(&zilog->zl_lock);
2279         ASSERT(zd->zd_shared != NULL);
2280         ASSERT3U(zd->zd_shared->zd_seq, <=, zilog->zl_commit_lr_seq);
2281         zd->zd_shared->zd_seq = zilog->zl_commit_lr_seq;
2282         mutex_exit(&zilog->zl_lock);
2283 
2284         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2285 }
2286 
2287 /*
2288  * This function is designed to simulate the operations that occur during a
2289  * mount/unmount operation.  We hold the dataset across these operations in an
2290  * attempt to expose any implicit assumptions about ZIL management.
2291  */
2292 /* ARGSUSED */
2293 void
2294 ztest_zil_remount(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2295 {
2296         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
2297 
2298         /*
2299          * We grab the zd_dirobj_lock to ensure that no other thread is
2300          * updating the zil (i.e. adding in-memory log records) and the
2301          * zd_zilog_lock to block any I/O.
2302          */
2303         VERIFY0(mutex_lock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
2304         (void) rw_wrlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2305 
2306         /* zfsvfs_teardown() */
2307         zil_close(zd->zd_zilog);
2308 
2309         /* zfsvfs_setup() */
2310         VERIFY(zil_open(os, ztest_get_data) == zd->zd_zilog);
2311         zil_replay(os, zd, ztest_replay_vector);
2312 
2313         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2314         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2315 }
2316 
2317 /*
2318  * Verify that we can't destroy an active pool, create an existing pool,
2319  * or create a pool with a bad vdev spec.
2320  */
2321 /* ARGSUSED */
2322 void
2323 ztest_spa_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2324 {
2325         ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts;
2326         spa_t *spa;
2327         nvlist_t *nvroot;
2328 
2329         /*
2330          * Attempt to create using a bad file.
2331          */
2332         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2333         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==,
2334             spa_create("ztest_bad_file", nvroot, NULL, NULL));
2335         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2336 
2337         /*
2338          * Attempt to create using a bad mirror.
2339          */
2340         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1);
2341         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==,
2342             spa_create("ztest_bad_mirror", nvroot, NULL, NULL));
2343         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2344 
2345         /*
2346          * Attempt to create an existing pool.  It shouldn't matter
2347          * what's in the nvroot; we should fail with EEXIST.
2348          */
2349         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2350         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2351         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_create(zo->zo_pool, nvroot, NULL, NULL));
2352         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2353         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(zo->zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
2354         VERIFY3U(EBUSY, ==, spa_destroy(zo->zo_pool));
2355         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
2356 
2357         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2358 }
2359 
2360 /* ARGSUSED */
2361 void
2362 ztest_spa_upgrade(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2363 {
2364         spa_t *spa;
2365         uint64_t initial_version = SPA_VERSION_INITIAL;
2366         uint64_t version, newversion;
2367         nvlist_t *nvroot, *props;
2368         char *name;
2369 
2370         VERIFY0(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock));
2371         name = kmem_asprintf("%s_upgrade", ztest_opts.zo_pool);
2372 
2373         /*
2374          * Clean up from previous runs.
2375          */
2376         (void) spa_destroy(name);
2377 
2378         nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, name, ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
2379             0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz, ztest_opts.zo_mirrors, 1);
2380 
2381         /*
2382          * If we're configuring a RAIDZ device then make sure that the
2383          * the initial version is capable of supporting that feature.
2384          */
2385         switch (ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity) {
2386         case 0:
2387         case 1:
2388                 initial_version = SPA_VERSION_INITIAL;
2389                 break;
2390         case 2:
2391                 initial_version = SPA_VERSION_RAIDZ2;
2392                 break;
2393         case 3:
2394                 initial_version = SPA_VERSION_RAIDZ3;
2395                 break;
2396         }
2397 
2398         /*
2399          * Create a pool with a spa version that can be upgraded. Pick
2400          * a value between initial_version and SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES.
2401          */
2402         do {
2403                 version = ztest_random_spa_version(initial_version);
2404         } while (version > SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES);
2405 
2406         props = fnvlist_alloc();
2407         fnvlist_add_uint64(props,
2408             zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION), version);
2409         VERIFY0(spa_create(name, nvroot, props, NULL));
2410         fnvlist_free(nvroot);
2411         fnvlist_free(props);
2412 
2413         VERIFY0(spa_open(name, &spa, FTAG));
2414         VERIFY3U(spa_version(spa), ==, version);
2415         newversion = ztest_random_spa_version(version + 1);
2416 
2417         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
2418                 (void) printf("upgrading spa version from %llu to %llu\n",
2419                     (u_longlong_t)version, (u_longlong_t)newversion);
2420         }
2421 
2422         spa_upgrade(spa, newversion);
2423         VERIFY3U(spa_version(spa), >, version);
2424         VERIFY3U(spa_version(spa), ==, fnvlist_lookup_uint64(spa->spa_config,
2425             zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION)));
2426         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
2427 
2428         strfree(name);
2429         VERIFY0(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock));
2430 }
2431 
2432 static vdev_t *
2433 vdev_lookup_by_path(vdev_t *vd, const char *path)
2434 {
2435         vdev_t *mvd;
2436 
2437         if (vd->vdev_path != NULL && strcmp(path, vd->vdev_path) == 0)
2438                 return (vd);
2439 
2440         for (int c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
2441                 if ((mvd = vdev_lookup_by_path(vd->vdev_child[c], path)) !=
2442                     NULL)
2443                         return (mvd);
2444 
2445         return (NULL);
2446 }
2447 
2448 /*
2449  * Find the first available hole which can be used as a top-level.
2450  */
2451 int
2452 find_vdev_hole(spa_t *spa)
2453 {
2454         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2455         int c;
2456 
2457         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_VDEV, RW_READER) == SCL_VDEV);
2458 
2459         for (c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
2460                 vdev_t *cvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2461 
2462                 if (cvd->vdev_ishole)
2463                         break;
2464         }
2465         return (c);
2466 }
2467 
2468 /*
2469  * Verify that vdev_add() works as expected.
2470  */
2471 /* ARGSUSED */
2472 void
2473 ztest_vdev_add_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2474 {
2475         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2476         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2477         uint64_t leaves;
2478         uint64_t guid;
2479         nvlist_t *nvroot;
2480         int error;
2481 
2482         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2483         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors + zs->zs_splits, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
2484 
2485         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2486 
2487         ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf = find_vdev_hole(spa) * leaves;
2488 
2489         /*
2490          * If we have slogs then remove them 1/4 of the time.
2491          */
2492         if (spa_has_slogs(spa) && ztest_random(4) == 0) {
2493                 /*
2494                  * Grab the guid from the head of the log class rotor.
2495                  */
2496                 guid = spa_log_class(spa)->mc_rotor->mg_vd->vdev_guid;
2497 
2498                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2499 
2500                 /*
2501                  * We have to grab the zs_name_lock as writer to
2502                  * prevent a race between removing a slog (dmu_objset_find)
2503                  * and destroying a dataset. Removing the slog will
2504                  * grab a reference on the dataset which may cause
2505                  * dmu_objset_destroy() to fail with EBUSY thus
2506                  * leaving the dataset in an inconsistent state.
2507                  */
2508                 VERIFY(rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock) == 0);
2509                 error = spa_vdev_remove(spa, guid, B_FALSE);
2510                 VERIFY(rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock) == 0);
2511 
2512                 if (error && error != EEXIST)
2513                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_remove() = %d", error);
2514         } else {
2515                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2516 
2517                 /*
2518                  * Make 1/4 of the devices be log devices.
2519                  */
2520                 nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, NULL,
2521                     ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
2522                     ztest_random(4) == 0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz,
2523                     zs->zs_mirrors, 1);
2524 
2525                 error = spa_vdev_add(spa, nvroot);
2526                 nvlist_free(nvroot);
2527 
2528                 if (error == ENOSPC)
2529                         ztest_record_enospc("spa_vdev_add");
2530                 else if (error != 0)
2531                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_add() = %d", error);
2532         }
2533 
2534         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2535 }
2536 
2537 /*
2538  * Verify that adding/removing aux devices (l2arc, hot spare) works as expected.
2539  */
2540 /* ARGSUSED */
2541 void
2542 ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2543 {
2544         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2545         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2546         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2547         spa_aux_vdev_t *sav;
2548         char *aux;
2549         uint64_t guid = 0;
2550         int error;
2551 
2552         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2553                 sav = &spa->spa_spares;
2554                 aux = ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES;
2555         } else {
2556                 sav = &spa->spa_l2cache;
2557                 aux = ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE;
2558         }
2559 
2560         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2561 
2562         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2563 
2564         if (sav->sav_count != 0 && ztest_random(4) == 0) {
2565                 /*
2566                  * Pick a random device to remove.
2567                  */
2568                 guid = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)]->vdev_guid;
2569         } else {
2570                 /*
2571                  * Find an unused device we can add.
2572                  */
2573                 zs->zs_vdev_aux = 0;
2574                 for (;;) {
2575                         char path[MAXPATHLEN];
2576                         int c;
2577                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (path), ztest_aux_template,
2578                             ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool, aux,
2579                             zs->zs_vdev_aux);
2580                         for (c = 0; c < sav->sav_count; c++)
2581                                 if (strcmp(sav->sav_vdevs[c]->vdev_path,
2582                                     path) == 0)
2583                                         break;
2584                         if (c == sav->sav_count &&
2585                             vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, path) == NULL)
2586                                 break;
2587                         zs->zs_vdev_aux++;
2588                 }
2589         }
2590 
2591         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2592 
2593         if (guid == 0) {
2594                 /*
2595                  * Add a new device.
2596                  */
2597                 nvlist_t *nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, aux, NULL,
2598                     (ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size * 5) / 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2599                 error = spa_vdev_add(spa, nvroot);
2600                 if (error != 0)
2601                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_add(%p) = %d", nvroot, error);
2602                 nvlist_free(nvroot);
2603         } else {
2604                 /*
2605                  * Remove an existing device.  Sometimes, dirty its
2606                  * vdev state first to make sure we handle removal
2607                  * of devices that have pending state changes.
2608                  */
2609                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2610                         (void) vdev_online(spa, guid, 0, NULL);
2611 
2612                 error = spa_vdev_remove(spa, guid, B_FALSE);
2613                 if (error != 0 && error != EBUSY)
2614                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_remove(%llu) = %d", guid, error);
2615         }
2616 
2617         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2618 }
2619 
2620 /*
2621  * split a pool if it has mirror tlvdevs
2622  */
2623 /* ARGSUSED */
2624 void
2625 ztest_split_pool(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2626 {
2627         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2628         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2629         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2630         nvlist_t *tree, **child, *config, *split, **schild;
2631         uint_t c, children, schildren = 0, lastlogid = 0;
2632         int error = 0;
2633 
2634         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2635 
2636         /* ensure we have a useable config; mirrors of raidz aren't supported */
2637         if (zs->zs_mirrors < 3 || ztest_opts.zo_raidz > 1) {
2638                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2639                 return;
2640         }
2641 
2642         /* clean up the old pool, if any */
2643         (void) spa_destroy("splitp");
2644 
2645         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2646 
2647         /* generate a config from the existing config */
2648         mutex_enter(&spa->spa_props_lock);
2649         VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(spa->spa_config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
2650             &tree) == 0);
2651         mutex_exit(&spa->spa_props_lock);
2652 
2653         VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(tree, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &child,
2654             &children) == 0);
2655 
2656         schild = malloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
2657         for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
2658                 vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2659                 nvlist_t **mchild;
2660                 uint_t mchildren;
2661 
2662                 if (tvd->vdev_islog || tvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_hole_ops) {
2663                         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&schild[schildren], NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
2664                             0) == 0);
2665                         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(schild[schildren],
2666                             ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_HOLE) == 0);
2667                         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(schild[schildren],
2668                             ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_HOLE, 1) == 0);
2669                         if (lastlogid == 0)
2670                                 lastlogid = schildren;
2671                         ++schildren;
2672                         continue;
2673                 }
2674                 lastlogid = 0;
2675                 VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(child[c],
2676                     ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &mchild, &mchildren) == 0);
2677                 VERIFY(nvlist_dup(mchild[0], &schild[schildren++], 0) == 0);
2678         }
2679 
2680         /* OK, create a config that can be used to split */
2681         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&split, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
2682         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(split, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
2683             VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
2684         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(split, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, schild,
2685             lastlogid != 0 ? lastlogid : schildren) == 0);
2686 
2687         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
2688         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE, split) == 0);
2689 
2690         for (c = 0; c < schildren; c++)
2691                 nvlist_free(schild[c]);
2692         free(schild);
2693         nvlist_free(split);
2694 
2695         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2696 
2697         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2698         error = spa_vdev_split_mirror(spa, "splitp", config, NULL, B_FALSE);
2699         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2700 
2701         nvlist_free(config);
2702 
2703         if (error == 0) {
2704                 (void) printf("successful split - results:\n");
2705                 mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
2706                 show_pool_stats(spa);
2707                 show_pool_stats(spa_lookup("splitp"));
2708                 mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
2709                 ++zs->zs_splits;
2710                 --zs->zs_mirrors;
2711         }
2712         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2713 
2714 }
2715 
2716 /*
2717  * Verify that we can attach and detach devices.
2718  */
2719 /* ARGSUSED */
2720 void
2721 ztest_vdev_attach_detach(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2722 {
2723         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2724         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2725         spa_aux_vdev_t *sav = &spa->spa_spares;
2726         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2727         vdev_t *oldvd, *newvd, *pvd;
2728         nvlist_t *root;
2729         uint64_t leaves;
2730         uint64_t leaf, top;
2731         uint64_t ashift = ztest_get_ashift();
2732         uint64_t oldguid, pguid;
2733         size_t oldsize, newsize;
2734         char oldpath[MAXPATHLEN], newpath[MAXPATHLEN];
2735         int replacing;
2736         int oldvd_has_siblings = B_FALSE;
2737         int newvd_is_spare = B_FALSE;
2738         int oldvd_is_log;
2739         int error, expected_error;
2740 
2741         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2742         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
2743 
2744         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2745 
2746         /*
2747          * Decide whether to do an attach or a replace.
2748          */
2749         replacing = ztest_random(2);
2750 
2751         /*
2752          * Pick a random top-level vdev.
2753          */
2754         top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
2755 
2756         /*
2757          * Pick a random leaf within it.
2758          */
2759         leaf = ztest_random(leaves);
2760 
2761         /*
2762          * Locate this vdev.
2763          */
2764         oldvd = rvd->vdev_child[top];
2765         if (zs->zs_mirrors >= 1) {
2766                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_mirror_ops);
2767                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children >= zs->zs_mirrors);
2768                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[leaf / ztest_opts.zo_raidz];
2769         }
2770         if (ztest_opts.zo_raidz > 1) {
2771                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_raidz_ops);
2772                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children == ztest_opts.zo_raidz);
2773                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[leaf % ztest_opts.zo_raidz];
2774         }
2775 
2776         /*
2777          * If we're already doing an attach or replace, oldvd may be a
2778          * mirror vdev -- in which case, pick a random child.
2779          */
2780         while (oldvd->vdev_children != 0) {
2781                 oldvd_has_siblings = B_TRUE;
2782                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children >= 2);
2783                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[ztest_random(oldvd->vdev_children)];
2784         }
2785 
2786         oldguid = oldvd->vdev_guid;
2787         oldsize = vdev_get_min_asize(oldvd);
2788         oldvd_is_log = oldvd->vdev_top->vdev_islog;
2789         (void) strcpy(oldpath, oldvd->vdev_path);
2790         pvd = oldvd->vdev_parent;
2791         pguid = pvd->vdev_guid;
2792 
2793         /*
2794          * If oldvd has siblings, then half of the time, detach it.
2795          */
2796         if (oldvd_has_siblings && ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2797                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2798                 error = spa_vdev_detach(spa, oldguid, pguid, B_FALSE);
2799                 if (error != 0 && error != ENODEV && error != EBUSY &&
2800                     error != ENOTSUP)
2801                         fatal(0, "detach (%s) returned %d", oldpath, error);
2802                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2803                 return;
2804         }
2805 
2806         /*
2807          * For the new vdev, choose with equal probability between the two
2808          * standard paths (ending in either 'a' or 'b') or a random hot spare.
2809          */
2810         if (sav->sav_count != 0 && ztest_random(3) == 0) {
2811                 newvd = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)];
2812                 newvd_is_spare = B_TRUE;
2813                 (void) strcpy(newpath, newvd->vdev_path);
2814         } else {
2815                 (void) snprintf(newpath, sizeof (newpath), ztest_dev_template,
2816                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
2817                     top * leaves + leaf);
2818                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2819                         newpath[strlen(newpath) - 1] = 'b';
2820                 newvd = vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, newpath);
2821         }
2822 
2823         if (newvd) {
2824                 newsize = vdev_get_min_asize(newvd);
2825         } else {
2826                 /*
2827                  * Make newsize a little bigger or smaller than oldsize.
2828                  * If it's smaller, the attach should fail.
2829                  * If it's larger, and we're doing a replace,
2830                  * we should get dynamic LUN growth when we're done.
2831                  */
2832                 newsize = 10 * oldsize / (9 + ztest_random(3));
2833         }
2834 
2835         /*
2836          * If pvd is not a mirror or root, the attach should fail with ENOTSUP,
2837          * unless it's a replace; in that case any non-replacing parent is OK.
2838          *
2839          * If newvd is already part of the pool, it should fail with EBUSY.
2840          *
2841          * If newvd is too small, it should fail with EOVERFLOW.
2842          */
2843         if (pvd->vdev_ops != &vdev_mirror_ops &&
2844             pvd->vdev_ops != &vdev_root_ops && (!replacing ||
2845             pvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_replacing_ops ||
2846             pvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_spare_ops))
2847                 expected_error = ENOTSUP;
2848         else if (newvd_is_spare && (!replacing || oldvd_is_log))
2849                 expected_error = ENOTSUP;
2850         else if (newvd == oldvd)
2851                 expected_error = replacing ? 0 : EBUSY;
2852         else if (vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, newpath) != NULL)
2853                 expected_error = EBUSY;
2854         else if (newsize < oldsize)
2855                 expected_error = EOVERFLOW;
2856         else if (ashift > oldvd->vdev_top->vdev_ashift)
2857                 expected_error = EDOM;
2858         else
2859                 expected_error = 0;
2860 
2861         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2862 
2863         /*
2864          * Build the nvlist describing newpath.
2865          */
2866         root = make_vdev_root(newpath, NULL, NULL, newvd == NULL ? newsize : 0,
2867             ashift, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2868 
2869         error = spa_vdev_attach(spa, oldguid, root, replacing);
2870 
2871         nvlist_free(root);
2872 
2873         /*
2874          * If our parent was the replacing vdev, but the replace completed,
2875          * then instead of failing with ENOTSUP we may either succeed,
2876          * fail with ENODEV, or fail with EOVERFLOW.
2877          */
2878         if (expected_error == ENOTSUP &&
2879             (error == 0 || error == ENODEV || error == EOVERFLOW))
2880                 expected_error = error;
2881 
2882         /*
2883          * If someone grew the LUN, the replacement may be too small.
2884          */
2885         if (error == EOVERFLOW || error == EBUSY)
2886                 expected_error = error;
2887 
2888         /* XXX workaround 6690467 */
2889         if (error != expected_error && expected_error != EBUSY) {
2890                 fatal(0, "attach (%s %llu, %s %llu, %d) "
2891                     "returned %d, expected %d",
2892                     oldpath, (longlong_t)oldsize, newpath,
2893                     (longlong_t)newsize, replacing, error, expected_error);
2894         }
2895 
2896         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2897 }
2898 
2899 /*
2900  * Callback function which expands the physical size of the vdev.
2901  */
2902 vdev_t *
2903 grow_vdev(vdev_t *vd, void *arg)
2904 {
2905         spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2906         size_t *newsize = arg;
2907         size_t fsize;
2908         int fd;
2909 
2910         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_STATE, RW_READER) == SCL_STATE);
2911         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2912 
2913         if ((fd = open(vd->vdev_path, O_RDWR)) == -1)
2914                 return (vd);
2915 
2916         fsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
2917         (void) ftruncate(fd, *newsize);
2918 
2919         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
2920                 (void) printf("%s grew from %lu to %lu bytes\n",
2921                     vd->vdev_path, (ulong_t)fsize, (ulong_t)*newsize);
2922         }
2923         (void) close(fd);
2924         return (NULL);
2925 }
2926 
2927 /*
2928  * Callback function which expands a given vdev by calling vdev_online().
2929  */
2930 /* ARGSUSED */
2931 vdev_t *
2932 online_vdev(vdev_t *vd, void *arg)
2933 {
2934         spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2935         vdev_t *tvd = vd->vdev_top;
2936         uint64_t guid = vd->vdev_guid;
2937         uint64_t generation = spa->spa_config_generation + 1;
2938         vdev_state_t newstate = VDEV_STATE_UNKNOWN;
2939         int error;
2940 
2941         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_STATE, RW_READER) == SCL_STATE);
2942         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2943 
2944         /* Calling vdev_online will initialize the new metaslabs */
2945         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2946         error = vdev_online(spa, guid, ZFS_ONLINE_EXPAND, &newstate);
2947         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
2948 
2949         /*
2950          * If vdev_online returned an error or the underlying vdev_open
2951          * failed then we abort the expand. The only way to know that
2952          * vdev_open fails is by checking the returned newstate.
2953          */
2954         if (error || newstate != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
2955                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2956                         (void) printf("Unable to expand vdev, state %llu, "
2957                             "error %d\n", (u_longlong_t)newstate, error);
2958                 }
2959                 return (vd);
2960         }
2961         ASSERT3U(newstate, ==, VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY);
2962 
2963         /*
2964          * Since we dropped the lock we need to ensure that we're
2965          * still talking to the original vdev. It's possible this
2966          * vdev may have been detached/replaced while we were
2967          * trying to online it.
2968          */
2969         if (generation != spa->spa_config_generation) {
2970                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2971                         (void) printf("vdev configuration has changed, "
2972                             "guid %llu, state %llu, expected gen %llu, "
2973                             "got gen %llu\n",
2974                             (u_longlong_t)guid,
2975                             (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_state,
2976                             (u_longlong_t)generation,
2977                             (u_longlong_t)spa->spa_config_generation);
2978                 }
2979                 return (vd);
2980         }
2981         return (NULL);
2982 }
2983 
2984 /*
2985  * Traverse the vdev tree calling the supplied function.
2986  * We continue to walk the tree until we either have walked all
2987  * children or we receive a non-NULL return from the callback.
2988  * If a NULL callback is passed, then we just return back the first
2989  * leaf vdev we encounter.
2990  */
2991 vdev_t *
2992 vdev_walk_tree(vdev_t *vd, vdev_t *(*func)(vdev_t *, void *), void *arg)
2993 {
2994         if (vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf) {
2995                 if (func == NULL)
2996                         return (vd);
2997                 else
2998                         return (func(vd, arg));
2999         }
3000 
3001         for (uint_t c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++) {
3002                 vdev_t *cvd = vd->vdev_child[c];
3003                 if ((cvd = vdev_walk_tree(cvd, func, arg)) != NULL)
3004                         return (cvd);
3005         }
3006         return (NULL);
3007 }
3008 
3009 /*
3010  * Verify that dynamic LUN growth works as expected.
3011  */
3012 /* ARGSUSED */
3013 void
3014 ztest_vdev_LUN_growth(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3015 {
3016         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
3017         vdev_t *vd, *tvd;
3018         metaslab_class_t *mc;
3019         metaslab_group_t *mg;
3020         size_t psize, newsize;
3021         uint64_t top;
3022         uint64_t old_class_space, new_class_space, old_ms_count, new_ms_count;
3023 
3024         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3025         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
3026 
3027         top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
3028 
3029         tvd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[top];
3030         mg = tvd->vdev_mg;
3031         mc = mg->mg_class;
3032         old_ms_count = tvd->vdev_ms_count;
3033         old_class_space = metaslab_class_get_space(mc);
3034 
3035         /*
3036          * Determine the size of the first leaf vdev associated with
3037          * our top-level device.
3038          */
3039         vd = vdev_walk_tree(tvd, NULL, NULL);
3040         ASSERT3P(vd, !=, NULL);
3041         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
3042 
3043         psize = vd->vdev_psize;
3044 
3045         /*
3046          * We only try to expand the vdev if it's healthy, less than 4x its
3047          * original size, and it has a valid psize.
3048          */
3049         if (tvd->vdev_state != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY ||
3050             psize == 0 || psize >= 4 * ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size) {
3051                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3052                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3053                 return;
3054         }
3055         ASSERT(psize > 0);
3056         newsize = psize + psize / 8;
3057         ASSERT3U(newsize, >, psize);
3058 
3059         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
3060                 (void) printf("Expanding LUN %s from %lu to %lu\n",
3061                     vd->vdev_path, (ulong_t)psize, (ulong_t)newsize);
3062         }
3063 
3064         /*
3065          * Growing the vdev is a two step process:
3066          *      1). expand the physical size (i.e. relabel)
3067          *      2). online the vdev to create the new metaslabs
3068          */
3069         if (vdev_walk_tree(tvd, grow_vdev, &newsize) != NULL ||
3070             vdev_walk_tree(tvd, online_vdev, NULL) != NULL ||
3071             tvd->vdev_state != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
3072                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3073                         (void) printf("Could not expand LUN because "
3074                             "the vdev configuration changed.\n");
3075                 }
3076                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3077                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3078                 return;
3079         }
3080 
3081         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3082 
3083         /*
3084          * Expanding the LUN will update the config asynchronously,
3085          * thus we must wait for the async thread to complete any
3086          * pending tasks before proceeding.
3087          */
3088         for (;;) {
3089                 boolean_t done;
3090                 mutex_enter(&spa->spa_async_lock);
3091                 done = (spa->spa_async_thread == NULL && !spa->spa_async_tasks);
3092                 mutex_exit(&spa->spa_async_lock);
3093                 if (done)
3094                         break;
3095                 txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
3096                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100);
3097         }
3098 
3099         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
3100 
3101         tvd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[top];
3102         new_ms_count = tvd->vdev_ms_count;
3103         new_class_space = metaslab_class_get_space(mc);
3104 
3105         if (tvd->vdev_mg != mg || mg->mg_class != mc) {
3106                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3107                         (void) printf("Could not verify LUN expansion due to "
3108                             "intervening vdev offline or remove.\n");
3109                 }
3110                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3111                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3112                 return;
3113         }
3114 
3115         /*
3116          * Make sure we were able to grow the vdev.
3117          */
3118         if (new_ms_count <= old_ms_count)
3119                 fatal(0, "LUN expansion failed: ms_count %llu <= %llu\n",
3120                     old_ms_count, new_ms_count);
3121 
3122         /*
3123          * Make sure we were able to grow the pool.
3124          */
3125         if (new_class_space <= old_class_space)
3126                 fatal(0, "LUN expansion failed: class_space %llu <= %llu\n",
3127                     old_class_space, new_class_space);
3128 
3129         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3130                 char oldnumbuf[6], newnumbuf[6];
3131 
3132                 nicenum(old_class_space, oldnumbuf);
3133                 nicenum(new_class_space, newnumbuf);
3134                 (void) printf("%s grew from %s to %s\n",
3135                     spa->spa_name, oldnumbuf, newnumbuf);
3136         }
3137 
3138         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3139         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3140 }
3141 
3142 /*
3143  * Verify that dmu_objset_{create,destroy,open,close} work as expected.
3144  */
3145 /* ARGSUSED */
3146 static void
3147 ztest_objset_create_cb(objset_t *os, void *arg, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
3148 {
3149         /*
3150          * Create the objects common to all ztest datasets.
3151          */
3152         VERIFY(zap_create_claim(os, ZTEST_DIROBJ,
3153             DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, DMU_OT_NONE, 0, tx) == 0);
3154 }
3155 
3156 static int
3157 ztest_dataset_create(char *dsname)
3158 {
3159         uint64_t zilset = ztest_random(100);
3160         int err = dmu_objset_create(dsname, DMU_OST_OTHER, 0,
3161             ztest_objset_create_cb, NULL);
3162 
3163         if (err || zilset < 80)
3164                 return (err);
3165 
3166         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
3167                 (void) printf("Setting dataset %s to sync always\n", dsname);
3168         return (ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(dsname, ZFS_PROP_SYNC,
3169             ZFS_SYNC_ALWAYS, B_FALSE));
3170 }
3171 
3172 /* ARGSUSED */
3173 static int
3174 ztest_objset_destroy_cb(const char *name, void *arg)
3175 {
3176         objset_t *os;
3177         dmu_object_info_t doi;
3178         int error;
3179 
3180         /*
3181          * Verify that the dataset contains a directory object.
3182          */
3183         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os));
3184         error = dmu_object_info(os, ZTEST_DIROBJ, &doi);
3185         if (error != ENOENT) {
3186                 /* We could have crashed in the middle of destroying it */
3187                 ASSERT0(error);
3188                 ASSERT3U(doi.doi_type, ==, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER);
3189                 ASSERT3S(doi.doi_physical_blocks_512, >=, 0);
3190         }
3191         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3192 
3193         /*
3194          * Destroy the dataset.
3195          */
3196         if (strchr(name, '@') != NULL) {
3197                 VERIFY0(dsl_destroy_snapshot(name, B_FALSE));
3198         } else {
3199                 VERIFY0(dsl_destroy_head(name));
3200         }
3201         return (0);
3202 }
3203 
3204 static boolean_t
3205 ztest_snapshot_create(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3206 {
3207         char snapname[MAXNAMELEN];
3208         int error;
3209 
3210         (void) snprintf(snapname, sizeof (snapname), "%llu", (u_longlong_t)id);
3211 
3212         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, snapname);
3213         if (error == ENOSPC) {
3214                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3215                 return (B_FALSE);
3216         }
3217         if (error != 0 && error != EEXIST) {
3218                 fatal(0, "ztest_snapshot_create(%s@%s) = %d", osname,
3219                     snapname, error);
3220         }
3221         return (B_TRUE);
3222 }
3223 
3224 static boolean_t
3225 ztest_snapshot_destroy(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3226 {
3227         char snapname[MAXNAMELEN];
3228         int error;
3229 
3230         (void) snprintf(snapname, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@%llu", osname,
3231             (u_longlong_t)id);
3232 
3233         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snapname, B_FALSE);
3234         if (error != 0 && error != ENOENT)
3235                 fatal(0, "ztest_snapshot_destroy(%s) = %d", snapname, error);
3236         return (B_TRUE);
3237 }
3238 
3239 /* ARGSUSED */
3240 void
3241 ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3242 {
3243         ztest_ds_t zdtmp;
3244         int iters;
3245         int error;
3246         objset_t *os, *os2;
3247         char name[MAXNAMELEN];
3248         zilog_t *zilog;
3249 
3250         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3251 
3252         (void) snprintf(name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/temp_%llu",
3253             ztest_opts.zo_pool, (u_longlong_t)id);
3254 
3255         /*
3256          * If this dataset exists from a previous run, process its replay log
3257          * half of the time.  If we don't replay it, then dmu_objset_destroy()
3258          * (invoked from ztest_objset_destroy_cb()) should just throw it away.
3259          */
3260         if (ztest_random(2) == 0 &&
3261             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os) == 0) {
3262                 ztest_zd_init(&zdtmp, NULL, os);
3263                 zil_replay(os, &zdtmp, ztest_replay_vector);
3264                 ztest_zd_fini(&zdtmp);
3265                 dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3266         }
3267 
3268         /*
3269          * There may be an old instance of the dataset we're about to
3270          * create lying around from a previous run.  If so, destroy it
3271          * and all of its snapshots.
3272          */
3273         (void) dmu_objset_find(name, ztest_objset_destroy_cb, NULL,
3274             DS_FIND_CHILDREN | DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS);
3275 
3276         /*
3277          * Verify that the destroyed dataset is no longer in the namespace.
3278          */
3279         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_TRUE,
3280             FTAG, &os));
3281 
3282         /*
3283          * Verify that we can create a new dataset.
3284          */
3285         error = ztest_dataset_create(name);
3286         if (error) {
3287                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3288                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3289                         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3290                         return;
3291                 }
3292                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", name, error);
3293         }
3294 
3295         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os));
3296 
3297         ztest_zd_init(&zdtmp, NULL, os);
3298 
3299         /*
3300          * Open the intent log for it.
3301          */
3302         zilog = zil_open(os, ztest_get_data);
3303 
3304         /*
3305          * Put some objects in there, do a little I/O to them,
3306          * and randomly take a couple of snapshots along the way.
3307          */
3308         iters = ztest_random(5);
3309         for (int i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
3310                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(&zdtmp, id);
3311                 if (ztest_random(iters) == 0)
3312                         (void) ztest_snapshot_create(name, i);
3313         }
3314 
3315         /*
3316          * Verify that we cannot create an existing dataset.
3317          */
3318         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==,
3319             dmu_objset_create(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, 0, NULL, NULL));
3320 
3321         /*
3322          * Verify that we can hold an objset that is also owned.
3323          */
3324         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_objset_hold(name, FTAG, &os2));
3325         dmu_objset_rele(os2, FTAG);
3326 
3327         /*
3328          * Verify that we cannot own an objset that is already owned.
3329          */
3330         VERIFY3U(EBUSY, ==,
3331             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os2));
3332 
3333         zil_close(zilog);
3334         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3335         ztest_zd_fini(&zdtmp);
3336 
3337         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3338 }
3339 
3340 /*
3341  * Verify that dmu_snapshot_{create,destroy,open,close} work as expected.
3342  */
3343 void
3344 ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3345 {
3346         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3347         (void) ztest_snapshot_destroy(zd->zd_name, id);
3348         (void) ztest_snapshot_create(zd->zd_name, id);
3349         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3350 }
3351 
3352 /*
3353  * Cleanup non-standard snapshots and clones.
3354  */
3355 void
3356 ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3357 {
3358         char snap1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3359         char clone1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3360         char snap2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3361         char clone2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3362         char snap3name[MAXNAMELEN];
3363         int error;
3364 
3365         (void) snprintf(snap1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s1_%llu", osname, id);
3366         (void) snprintf(clone1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c1_%llu", osname, id);
3367         (void) snprintf(snap2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s2_%llu", clone1name, id);
3368         (void) snprintf(clone2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c2_%llu", osname, id);
3369         (void) snprintf(snap3name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s3_%llu", clone1name, id);
3370 
3371         error = dsl_destroy_head(clone2name);
3372         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3373                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_head(%s) = %d", clone2name, error);
3374         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snap3name, B_FALSE);
3375         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3376                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3377         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snap2name, B_FALSE);
3378         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3379                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3380         error = dsl_destroy_head(clone1name);
3381         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3382                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_head(%s) = %d", clone1name, error);
3383         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snap1name, B_FALSE);
3384         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3385                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3386 }
3387 
3388 /*
3389  * Verify dsl_dataset_promote handles EBUSY
3390  */
3391 void
3392 ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3393 {
3394         objset_t *os;
3395         char snap1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3396         char clone1name[MAXNAMELEN];
3397         char snap2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3398         char clone2name[MAXNAMELEN];
3399         char snap3name[MAXNAMELEN];
3400         char *osname = zd->zd_name;
3401         int error;
3402 
3403         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3404 
3405         ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(osname, id);
3406 
3407         (void) snprintf(snap1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s1_%llu", osname, id);
3408         (void) snprintf(clone1name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c1_%llu", osname, id);
3409         (void) snprintf(snap2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s2_%llu", clone1name, id);
3410         (void) snprintf(clone2name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/c2_%llu", osname, id);
3411         (void) snprintf(snap3name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s@s3_%llu", clone1name, id);
3412 
3413         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, strchr(snap1name, '@') + 1);
3414         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3415                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3416                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3417                         goto out;
3418                 }
3419                 fatal(0, "dmu_take_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3420         }
3421 
3422         error = dmu_objset_clone(clone1name, snap1name);
3423         if (error) {
3424                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3425                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3426                         goto out;
3427                 }
3428                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", clone1name, error);
3429         }
3430 
3431         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(clone1name, strchr(snap2name, '@') + 1);
3432         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3433                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3434                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3435                         goto out;
3436                 }
3437                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3438         }
3439 
3440         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(clone1name, strchr(snap3name, '@') + 1);
3441         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3442                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3443                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3444                         goto out;
3445                 }
3446                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3447         }
3448 
3449         error = dmu_objset_clone(clone2name, snap3name);
3450         if (error) {
3451                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3452                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3453                         goto out;
3454                 }
3455                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", clone2name, error);
3456         }
3457 
3458         error = dmu_objset_own(snap2name, DMU_OST_ANY, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os);
3459         if (error)
3460                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_own(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3461         error = dsl_dataset_promote(clone2name, NULL);
3462         if (error != EBUSY)
3463                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_promote(%s), %d, not EBUSY", clone2name,
3464                     error);
3465         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3466 
3467 out:
3468         ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(osname, id);
3469 
3470         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3471 }
3472 
3473 /*
3474  * Verify that dmu_object_{alloc,free} work as expected.
3475  */
3476 void
3477 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3478 {
3479         ztest_od_t od[4];
3480         int batchsize = sizeof (od) / sizeof (od[0]);
3481 
3482         for (int b = 0; b < batchsize; b++)
3483                 ztest_od_init(&od[b], id, FTAG, b, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
3484 
3485         /*
3486          * Destroy the previous batch of objects, create a new batch,
3487          * and do some I/O on the new objects.
3488          */
3489         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_TRUE) != 0)
3490                 return;
3491 
3492         while (ztest_random(4 * batchsize) != 0)
3493                 ztest_io(zd, od[ztest_random(batchsize)].od_object,
3494                     ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
3495 }
3496 
3497 /*
3498  * Verify that dmu_{read,write} work as expected.
3499  */
3500 void
3501 ztest_dmu_read_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3502 {
3503         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3504         ztest_od_t od[2];
3505         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3506         int i, freeit, error;
3507         uint64_t n, s, txg;
3508         bufwad_t *packbuf, *bigbuf, *pack, *bigH, *bigT;
3509         uint64_t packobj, packoff, packsize, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize;
3510         uint64_t chunksize = (1000 + ztest_random(1000)) * sizeof (uint64_t);
3511         uint64_t regions = 997;
3512         uint64_t stride = 123456789ULL;
3513         uint64_t width = 40;
3514         int free_percent = 5;
3515 
3516         /*
3517          * This test uses two objects, packobj and bigobj, that are always
3518          * updated together (i.e. in the same tx) so that their contents are
3519          * in sync and can be compared.  Their contents relate to each other
3520          * in a simple way: packobj is a dense array of 'bufwad' structures,
3521          * while bigobj is a sparse array of the same bufwads.  Specifically,
3522          * for any index n, there are three bufwads that should be identical:
3523          *
3524          *      packobj, at offset n * sizeof (bufwad_t)
3525          *      bigobj, at the head of the nth chunk
3526          *      bigobj, at the tail of the nth chunk
3527          *
3528          * The chunk size is arbitrary. It doesn't have to be a power of two,
3529          * and it doesn't have any relation to the object blocksize.
3530          * The only requirement is that it can hold at least two bufwads.
3531          *
3532          * Normally, we write the bufwad to each of these locations.
3533          * However, free_percent of the time we instead write zeroes to
3534          * packobj and perform a dmu_free_range() on bigobj.  By comparing
3535          * bigobj to packobj, we can verify that the DMU is correctly
3536          * tracking which parts of an object are allocated and free,
3537          * and that the contents of the allocated blocks are correct.
3538          */
3539 
3540         /*
3541          * Read the directory info.  If it's the first time, set things up.
3542          */
3543         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3544         ztest_od_init(&od[1], id, FTAG, 1, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3545 
3546         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3547                 return;
3548 
3549         bigobj = od[0].od_object;
3550         packobj = od[1].od_object;
3551         chunksize = od[0].od_gen;
3552         ASSERT(chunksize == od[1].od_gen);
3553 
3554         /*
3555          * Prefetch a random chunk of the big object.
3556          * Our aim here is to get some async reads in flight
3557          * for blocks that we may free below; the DMU should
3558          * handle this race correctly.
3559          */
3560         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3561         s = 1 + ztest_random(2 * width - 1);
3562         dmu_prefetch(os, bigobj, n * chunksize, s * chunksize);
3563 
3564         /*
3565          * Pick a random index and compute the offsets into packobj and bigobj.
3566          */
3567         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3568         s = 1 + ztest_random(width - 1);
3569 
3570         packoff = n * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3571         packsize = s * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3572 
3573         bigoff = n * chunksize;
3574         bigsize = s * chunksize;
3575 
3576         packbuf = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3577         bigbuf = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3578 
3579         /*
3580          * free_percent of the time, free a range of bigobj rather than
3581          * overwriting it.
3582          */
3583         freeit = (ztest_random(100) < free_percent);
3584 
3585         /*
3586          * Read the current contents of our objects.
3587          */
3588         error = dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf,
3589             DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3590         ASSERT0(error);
3591         error = dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, bigbuf,
3592             DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3593         ASSERT0(error);
3594 
3595         /*
3596          * Get a tx for the mods to both packobj and bigobj.
3597          */
3598         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3599 
3600         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, packobj, packoff, packsize);
3601 
3602         if (freeit)
3603                 dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3604         else
3605                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3606 
3607         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3608         if (txg == 0) {
3609                 umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3610                 umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3611                 return;
3612         }
3613 
3614         dmu_object_set_checksum(os, bigobj,
3615             (enum zio_checksum)ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM), tx);
3616 
3617         dmu_object_set_compress(os, bigobj,
3618             (enum zio_compress)ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION), tx);
3619 
3620         /*
3621          * For each index from n to n + s, verify that the existing bufwad
3622          * in packobj matches the bufwads at the head and tail of the
3623          * corresponding chunk in bigobj.  Then update all three bufwads
3624          * with the new values we want to write out.
3625          */
3626         for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
3627                 /* LINTED */
3628                 pack = (bufwad_t *)((char *)packbuf + i * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3629                 /* LINTED */
3630                 bigH = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigbuf + i * chunksize);
3631                 /* LINTED */
3632                 bigT = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigH + chunksize) - 1;
3633 
3634                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigH - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3635                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigT - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3636 
3637                 if (pack->bw_txg > txg)
3638                         fatal(0, "future leak: got %llx, open txg is %llx",
3639                             pack->bw_txg, txg);
3640 
3641                 if (pack->bw_data != 0 && pack->bw_index != n + i)
3642                         fatal(0, "wrong index: got %llx, wanted %llx+%llx",
3643                             pack->bw_index, n, i);
3644 
3645                 if (bcmp(pack, bigH, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3646                         fatal(0, "pack/bigH mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigH);
3647 
3648                 if (bcmp(pack, bigT, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3649                         fatal(0, "pack/bigT mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigT);
3650 
3651                 if (freeit) {
3652                         bzero(pack, sizeof (bufwad_t));
3653                 } else {
3654                         pack->bw_index = n + i;
3655                         pack->bw_txg = txg;
3656                         pack->bw_data = 1 + ztest_random(-2ULL);
3657                 }
3658                 *bigH = *pack;
3659                 *bigT = *pack;
3660         }
3661 
3662         /*
3663          * We've verified all the old bufwads, and made new ones.
3664          * Now write them out.
3665          */
3666         dmu_write(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf, tx);
3667 
3668         if (freeit) {
3669                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3670                         (void) printf("freeing offset %llx size %llx"
3671                             " txg %llx\n",
3672                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3673                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3674                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3675                 }
3676                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_free_range(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, tx));
3677         } else {
3678                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3679                         (void) printf("writing offset %llx size %llx"
3680                             " txg %llx\n",
3681                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3682                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3683                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3684                 }
3685                 dmu_write(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, bigbuf, tx);
3686         }
3687 
3688         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
3689 
3690         /*
3691          * Sanity check the stuff we just wrote.
3692          */
3693         {
3694                 void *packcheck = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3695                 void *bigcheck = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3696 
3697                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3698                     packsize, packcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3699                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff,
3700                     bigsize, bigcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3701 
3702                 ASSERT(bcmp(packbuf, packcheck, packsize) == 0);
3703                 ASSERT(bcmp(bigbuf, bigcheck, bigsize) == 0);
3704 
3705                 umem_free(packcheck, packsize);
3706                 umem_free(bigcheck, bigsize);
3707         }
3708 
3709         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3710         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3711 }
3712 
3713 void
3714 compare_and_update_pbbufs(uint64_t s, bufwad_t *packbuf, bufwad_t *bigbuf,
3715     uint64_t bigsize, uint64_t n, uint64_t chunksize, uint64_t txg)
3716 {
3717         uint64_t i;
3718         bufwad_t *pack;
3719         bufwad_t *bigH;
3720         bufwad_t *bigT;
3721 
3722         /*
3723          * For each index from n to n + s, verify that the existing bufwad
3724          * in packobj matches the bufwads at the head and tail of the
3725          * corresponding chunk in bigobj.  Then update all three bufwads
3726          * with the new values we want to write out.
3727          */
3728         for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
3729                 /* LINTED */
3730                 pack = (bufwad_t *)((char *)packbuf + i * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3731                 /* LINTED */
3732                 bigH = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigbuf + i * chunksize);
3733                 /* LINTED */
3734                 bigT = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigH + chunksize) - 1;
3735 
3736                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigH - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3737                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigT - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3738 
3739                 if (pack->bw_txg > txg)
3740                         fatal(0, "future leak: got %llx, open txg is %llx",
3741                             pack->bw_txg, txg);
3742 
3743                 if (pack->bw_data != 0 && pack->bw_index != n + i)
3744                         fatal(0, "wrong index: got %llx, wanted %llx+%llx",
3745                             pack->bw_index, n, i);
3746 
3747                 if (bcmp(pack, bigH, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3748                         fatal(0, "pack/bigH mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigH);
3749 
3750                 if (bcmp(pack, bigT, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3751                         fatal(0, "pack/bigT mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigT);
3752 
3753                 pack->bw_index = n + i;
3754                 pack->bw_txg = txg;
3755                 pack->bw_data = 1 + ztest_random(-2ULL);
3756 
3757                 *bigH = *pack;
3758                 *bigT = *pack;
3759         }
3760 }
3761 
3762 void
3763 ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3764 {
3765         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3766         ztest_od_t od[2];
3767         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3768         uint64_t i;
3769         int error;
3770         uint64_t n, s, txg;
3771         bufwad_t *packbuf, *bigbuf;
3772         uint64_t packobj, packoff, packsize, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize;
3773         uint64_t blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
3774         uint64_t chunksize = blocksize;
3775         uint64_t regions = 997;
3776         uint64_t stride = 123456789ULL;
3777         uint64_t width = 9;
3778         dmu_buf_t *bonus_db;
3779         arc_buf_t **bigbuf_arcbufs;
3780         dmu_object_info_t doi;
3781 
3782         /*
3783          * This test uses two objects, packobj and bigobj, that are always
3784          * updated together (i.e. in the same tx) so that their contents are
3785          * in sync and can be compared.  Their contents relate to each other
3786          * in a simple way: packobj is a dense array of 'bufwad' structures,
3787          * while bigobj is a sparse array of the same bufwads.  Specifically,
3788          * for any index n, there are three bufwads that should be identical:
3789          *
3790          *      packobj, at offset n * sizeof (bufwad_t)
3791          *      bigobj, at the head of the nth chunk
3792          *      bigobj, at the tail of the nth chunk
3793          *
3794          * The chunk size is set equal to bigobj block size so that
3795          * dmu_assign_arcbuf() can be tested for object updates.
3796          */
3797 
3798         /*
3799          * Read the directory info.  If it's the first time, set things up.
3800          */
3801         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
3802         ztest_od_init(&od[1], id, FTAG, 1, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3803 
3804         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3805                 return;
3806 
3807         bigobj = od[0].od_object;
3808         packobj = od[1].od_object;
3809         blocksize = od[0].od_blocksize;
3810         chunksize = blocksize;
3811         ASSERT(chunksize == od[1].od_gen);
3812 
3813         VERIFY(dmu_object_info(os, bigobj, &doi) == 0);
3814         VERIFY(ISP2(doi.doi_data_block_size));
3815         VERIFY(chunksize == doi.doi_data_block_size);
3816         VERIFY(chunksize >= 2 * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3817 
3818         /*
3819          * Pick a random index and compute the offsets into packobj and bigobj.
3820          */
3821         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3822         s = 1 + ztest_random(width - 1);
3823 
3824         packoff = n * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3825         packsize = s * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3826 
3827         bigoff = n * chunksize;
3828         bigsize = s * chunksize;
3829 
3830         packbuf = umem_zalloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3831         bigbuf = umem_zalloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3832 
3833         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, bigobj, FTAG, &bonus_db));
3834 
3835         bigbuf_arcbufs = umem_zalloc(2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
3836 
3837         /*
3838          * Iteration 0 test zcopy for DB_UNCACHED dbufs.
3839          * Iteration 1 test zcopy to already referenced dbufs.
3840          * Iteration 2 test zcopy to dirty dbuf in the same txg.
3841          * Iteration 3 test zcopy to dbuf dirty in previous txg.
3842          * Iteration 4 test zcopy when dbuf is no longer dirty.
3843          * Iteration 5 test zcopy when it can't be done.
3844          * Iteration 6 one more zcopy write.
3845          */
3846         for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
3847                 uint64_t j;
3848                 uint64_t off;
3849 
3850                 /*
3851                  * In iteration 5 (i == 5) use arcbufs
3852                  * that don't match bigobj blksz to test
3853                  * dmu_assign_arcbuf() when it can't directly
3854                  * assign an arcbuf to a dbuf.
3855                  */
3856                 for (j = 0; j < s; j++) {
3857                         if (i != 5) {
3858                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[j] =
3859                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize);
3860                         } else {
3861                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j] =
3862                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize / 2);
3863                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1] =
3864                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize / 2);
3865                         }
3866                 }
3867 
3868                 /*
3869                  * Get a tx for the mods to both packobj and bigobj.
3870                  */
3871                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3872 
3873                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, packobj, packoff, packsize);
3874                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3875 
3876                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3877                 if (txg == 0) {
3878                         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3879                         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3880                         for (j = 0; j < s; j++) {
3881                                 if (i != 5) {
3882                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(bigbuf_arcbufs[j]);
3883                                 } else {
3884                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(
3885                                             bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j]);
3886                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(
3887                                             bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1]);
3888                                 }
3889                         }
3890                         umem_free(bigbuf_arcbufs, 2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *));
3891                         dmu_buf_rele(bonus_db, FTAG);
3892                         return;
3893                 }
3894 
3895                 /*
3896                  * 50% of the time don't read objects in the 1st iteration to
3897                  * test dmu_assign_arcbuf() for the case when there're no
3898                  * existing dbufs for the specified offsets.
3899                  */
3900                 if (i != 0 || ztest_random(2) != 0) {
3901                         error = dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3902                             packsize, packbuf, DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3903                         ASSERT0(error);
3904                         error = dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize,
3905                             bigbuf, DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3906                         ASSERT0(error);
3907                 }
3908                 compare_and_update_pbbufs(s, packbuf, bigbuf, bigsize,
3909                     n, chunksize, txg);
3910 
3911                 /*
3912                  * We've verified all the old bufwads, and made new ones.
3913                  * Now write them out.
3914                  */
3915                 dmu_write(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf, tx);
3916                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3917                         (void) printf("writing offset %llx size %llx"
3918                             " txg %llx\n",
3919                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3920                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3921                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3922                 }
3923                 for (off = bigoff, j = 0; j < s; j++, off += chunksize) {
3924                         dmu_buf_t *dbt;
3925                         if (i != 5) {
3926                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff),
3927                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[j]->b_data, chunksize);
3928                         } else {
3929                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff),
3930                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j]->b_data,
3931                                     chunksize / 2);
3932                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff) +
3933                                     chunksize / 2,
3934                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1]->b_data,
3935                                     chunksize / 2);
3936                         }
3937 
3938                         if (i == 1) {
3939                                 VERIFY(dmu_buf_hold(os, bigobj, off,
3940                                     FTAG, &dbt, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) == 0);
3941                         }
3942                         if (i != 5) {
3943                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db, off,
3944                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[j], tx);
3945                         } else {
3946                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db, off,
3947                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j], tx);
3948                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db,
3949                                     off + chunksize / 2,
3950                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1], tx);
3951                         }
3952                         if (i == 1) {
3953                                 dmu_buf_rele(dbt, FTAG);
3954                         }
3955                 }
3956                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
3957 
3958                 /*
3959                  * Sanity check the stuff we just wrote.
3960                  */
3961                 {
3962                         void *packcheck = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3963                         void *bigcheck = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3964 
3965                         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3966                             packsize, packcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3967                         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff,
3968                             bigsize, bigcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3969 
3970                         ASSERT(bcmp(packbuf, packcheck, packsize) == 0);
3971                         ASSERT(bcmp(bigbuf, bigcheck, bigsize) == 0);
3972 
3973                         umem_free(packcheck, packsize);
3974                         umem_free(bigcheck, bigsize);
3975                 }
3976                 if (i == 2) {
3977                         txg_wait_open(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
3978                 } else if (i == 3) {
3979                         txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
3980                 }
3981         }
3982 
3983         dmu_buf_rele(bonus_db, FTAG);
3984         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3985         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3986         umem_free(bigbuf_arcbufs, 2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *));
3987 }
3988 
3989 /* ARGSUSED */
3990 void
3991 ztest_dmu_write_parallel(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3992 {
3993         ztest_od_t od[1];
3994         uint64_t offset = (1ULL << (ztest_random(20) + 43)) +
3995             (ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
3996 
3997         /*
3998          * Have multiple threads write to large offsets in an object
3999          * to verify that parallel writes to an object -- even to the
4000          * same blocks within the object -- doesn't cause any trouble.
4001          */
4002         ztest_od_init(&od[0], ID_PARALLEL, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
4003 
4004         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4005                 return;
4006 
4007         while (ztest_random(10) != 0)
4008                 ztest_io(zd, od[0].od_object, offset);
4009 }
4010 
4011 void
4012 ztest_dmu_prealloc(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4013 {
4014         ztest_od_t od[1];
4015         uint64_t offset = (1ULL << (ztest_random(4) + SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT)) +
4016             (ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
4017         uint64_t count = ztest_random(20) + 1;
4018         uint64_t blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
4019         void *data;
4020 
4021         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
4022 
4023         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4024                 return;
4025 
4026         if (ztest_truncate(zd, od[0].od_object, offset, count * blocksize) != 0)
4027                 return;
4028 
4029         ztest_prealloc(zd, od[0].od_object, offset, count * blocksize);
4030 
4031         data = umem_zalloc(blocksize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
4032 
4033         while (ztest_random(count) != 0) {
4034                 uint64_t randoff = offset + (ztest_random(count) * blocksize);
4035                 if (ztest_write(zd, od[0].od_object, randoff, blocksize,
4036                     data) != 0)
4037                         break;
4038                 while (ztest_random(4) != 0)
4039                         ztest_io(zd, od[0].od_object, randoff);
4040         }
4041 
4042         umem_free(data, blocksize);
4043 }
4044 
4045 /*
4046  * Verify that zap_{create,destroy,add,remove,update} work as expected.
4047  */
4048 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MIN_INTS      1
4049 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS      4
4050 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS     1000
4051 
4052 void
4053 ztest_zap(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4054 {
4055         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4056         ztest_od_t od[1];
4057         uint64_t object;
4058         uint64_t txg, last_txg;
4059         uint64_t value[ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS];
4060         uint64_t zl_ints, zl_intsize, prop;
4061         int i, ints;
4062         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4063         char propname[100], txgname[100];
4064         int error;
4065         char *hc[2] = { "s.acl.h", ".s.open.h.hyLZlg" };
4066 
4067         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4068 
4069         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4070                 return;
4071 
4072         object = od[0].od_object;
4073 
4074         /*
4075          * Generate a known hash collision, and verify that
4076          * we can lookup and remove both entries.
4077          */
4078         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4079         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4080         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4081         if (txg == 0)
4082                 return;
4083         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4084                 value[i] = i;
4085                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add(os, object, hc[i], sizeof (uint64_t),
4086                     1, &value[i], tx));
4087         }
4088         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4089                 VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, zap_add(os, object, hc[i],
4090                     sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &value[i], tx));
4091                 VERIFY3U(0, ==,
4092                     zap_length(os, object, hc[i], &zl_intsize, &zl_ints));
4093                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
4094                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, 1);
4095         }
4096         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4097                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, hc[i], tx));
4098         }
4099         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4100 
4101         /*
4102          * Generate a buch of random entries.
4103          */
4104         ints = MAX(ZTEST_ZAP_MIN_INTS, object % ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS);
4105 
4106         prop = ztest_random(ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS);
4107         (void) sprintf(propname, "prop_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4108         (void) sprintf(txgname, "txg_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4109         bzero(value, sizeof (value));
4110         last_txg = 0;
4111 
4112         /*
4113          * If these zap entries already exist, validate their contents.
4114          */
4115         error = zap_length(os, object, txgname, &zl_intsize, &zl_ints);
4116         if (error == 0) {
4117                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
4118                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, 1);
4119 
4120                 VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, txgname, zl_intsize,
4121                     zl_ints, &last_txg) == 0);
4122 
4123                 VERIFY(zap_length(os, object, propname, &zl_intsize,
4124                     &zl_ints) == 0);
4125 
4126                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
4127                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, ints);
4128 
4129                 VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, propname, zl_intsize,
4130                     zl_ints, value) == 0);
4131 
4132                 for (i = 0; i < ints; i++) {
4133                         ASSERT3U(value[i], ==, last_txg + object + i);
4134                 }
4135         } else {
4136                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4137         }
4138 
4139         /*
4140          * Atomically update two entries in our zap object.
4141          * The first is named txg_%llu, and contains the txg
4142          * in which the property was last updated.  The second
4143          * is named prop_%llu, and the nth element of its value
4144          * should be txg + object + n.
4145          */
4146         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4147         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4148         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4149         if (txg == 0)
4150                 return;
4151 
4152         if (last_txg > txg)
4153                 fatal(0, "zap future leak: old %llu new %llu", last_txg, txg);
4154 
4155         for (i = 0; i < ints; i++)
4156                 value[i] = txg + object + i;
4157 
4158         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_update(os, object, txgname, sizeof (uint64_t),
4159             1, &txg, tx));
4160         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_update(os, object, propname, sizeof (uint64_t),
4161             ints, value, tx));
4162 
4163         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4164 
4165         /*
4166          * Remove a random pair of entries.
4167          */
4168         prop = ztest_random(ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS);
4169         (void) sprintf(propname, "prop_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4170         (void) sprintf(txgname, "txg_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4171 
4172         error = zap_length(os, object, txgname, &zl_intsize, &zl_ints);
4173 
4174         if (error == ENOENT)
4175                 return;
4176 
4177         ASSERT0(error);
4178 
4179         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4180         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4181         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4182         if (txg == 0)
4183                 return;
4184         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, txgname, tx));
4185         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, propname, tx));
4186         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4187 }
4188 
4189 /*
4190  * Testcase to test the upgrading of a microzap to fatzap.
4191  */
4192 void
4193 ztest_fzap(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4194 {
4195         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4196         ztest_od_t od[1];
4197         uint64_t object, txg;
4198 
4199         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4200 
4201         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4202                 return;
4203 
4204         object = od[0].od_object;
4205 
4206         /*
4207          * Add entries to this ZAP and make sure it spills over
4208          * and gets upgraded to a fatzap. Also, since we are adding
4209          * 2050 entries we should see ptrtbl growth and leaf-block split.
4210          */
4211         for (int i = 0; i < 2050; i++) {
4212                 char name[MAXNAMELEN];
4213                 uint64_t value = i;
4214                 dmu_tx_t *tx;
4215                 int error;
4216 
4217                 (void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "fzap-%llu-%llu",
4218                     id, value);
4219 
4220                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4221                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, name);
4222                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4223                 if (txg == 0)
4224                         return;
4225                 error = zap_add(os, object, name, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
4226                     &value, tx);
4227                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
4228                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4229         }
4230 }
4231 
4232 /* ARGSUSED */
4233 void
4234 ztest_zap_parallel(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4235 {
4236         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4237         ztest_od_t od[1];
4238         uint64_t txg, object, count, wsize, wc, zl_wsize, zl_wc;
4239         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4240         int i, namelen, error;
4241         int micro = ztest_random(2);
4242         char name[20], string_value[20];
4243         void *data;
4244 
4245         ztest_od_init(&od[0], ID_PARALLEL, FTAG, micro, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4246 
4247         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4248                 return;
4249 
4250         object = od[0].od_object;
4251 
4252         /*
4253          * Generate a random name of the form 'xxx.....' where each
4254          * x is a random printable character and the dots are dots.
4255          * There are 94 such characters, and the name length goes from
4256          * 6 to 20, so there are 94^3 * 15 = 12,458,760 possible names.
4257          */
4258         namelen = ztest_random(sizeof (name) - 5) + 5 + 1;
4259 
4260         for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
4261                 name[i] = '!' + ztest_random('~' - '!' + 1);
4262         for (; i < namelen - 1; i++)
4263                 name[i] = '.';
4264         name[i] = '\0';
4265 
4266         if ((namelen & 1) || micro) {
4267                 wsize = sizeof (txg);
4268                 wc = 1;
4269                 data = &txg;
4270         } else {
4271                 wsize = 1;
4272                 wc = namelen;
4273                 data = string_value;
4274         }
4275 
4276         count = -1ULL;
4277         VERIFY0(zap_count(os, object, &count));
4278         ASSERT(count != -1ULL);
4279 
4280         /*
4281          * Select an operation: length, lookup, add, update, remove.
4282          */
4283         i = ztest_random(5);
4284 
4285         if (i >= 2) {
4286                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4287                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4288                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4289                 if (txg == 0)
4290                         return;
4291                 bcopy(name, string_value, namelen);
4292         } else {
4293                 tx = NULL;
4294                 txg = 0;
4295                 bzero(string_value, namelen);
4296         }
4297 
4298         switch (i) {
4299 
4300         case 0:
4301                 error = zap_length(os, object, name, &zl_wsize, &zl_wc);
4302                 if (error == 0) {
4303                         ASSERT3U(wsize, ==, zl_wsize);
4304                         ASSERT3U(wc, ==, zl_wc);
4305                 } else {
4306                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4307                 }
4308                 break;
4309 
4310         case 1:
4311                 error = zap_lookup(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data);
4312                 if (error == 0) {
4313                         if (data == string_value &&
4314                             bcmp(name, data, namelen) != 0)
4315                                 fatal(0, "name '%s' != val '%s' len %d",
4316                                     name, data, namelen);
4317                 } else {
4318                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4319                 }
4320                 break;
4321 
4322         case 2:
4323                 error = zap_add(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data, tx);
4324                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
4325                 break;
4326 
4327         case 3:
4328                 VERIFY(zap_update(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data, tx) == 0);
4329                 break;
4330 
4331         case 4:
4332                 error = zap_remove(os, object, name, tx);
4333                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == ENOENT);
4334                 break;
4335         }
4336 
4337         if (tx != NULL)
4338                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4339 }
4340 
4341 /*
4342  * Commit callback data.
4343  */
4344 typedef struct ztest_cb_data {
4345         list_node_t             zcd_node;
4346         uint64_t                zcd_txg;
4347         int                     zcd_expected_err;
4348         boolean_t               zcd_added;
4349         boolean_t               zcd_called;
4350         spa_t                   *zcd_spa;
4351 } ztest_cb_data_t;
4352 
4353 /* This is the actual commit callback function */
4354 static void
4355 ztest_commit_callback(void *arg, int error)
4356 {
4357         ztest_cb_data_t *data = arg;
4358         uint64_t synced_txg;
4359 
4360         VERIFY(data != NULL);
4361         VERIFY3S(data->zcd_expected_err, ==, error);
4362         VERIFY(!data->zcd_called);
4363 
4364         synced_txg = spa_last_synced_txg(data->zcd_spa);
4365         if (data->zcd_txg > synced_txg)
4366                 fatal(0, "commit callback of txg %" PRIu64 " called prematurely"
4367                     ", last synced txg = %" PRIu64 "\n", data->zcd_txg,
4368                     synced_txg);
4369 
4370         data->zcd_called = B_TRUE;
4371 
4372         if (error == ECANCELED) {
4373                 ASSERT0(data->zcd_txg);
4374                 ASSERT(!data->zcd_added);
4375 
4376                 /*
4377                  * The private callback data should be destroyed here, but
4378                  * since we are going to check the zcd_called field after
4379                  * dmu_tx_abort(), we will destroy it there.
4380                  */
4381                 return;
4382         }
4383 
4384         /* Was this callback added to the global callback list? */
4385         if (!data->zcd_added)
4386                 goto out;
4387 
4388         ASSERT3U(data->zcd_txg, !=, 0);
4389 
4390         /* Remove our callback from the list */
4391         (void) mutex_lock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4392         list_remove(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, data);
4393         (void) mutex_unlock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4394 
4395 out:
4396         umem_free(data, sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t));
4397 }
4398 
4399 /* Allocate and initialize callback data structure */
4400 static ztest_cb_data_t *
4401 ztest_create_cb_data(objset_t *os, uint64_t txg)
4402 {
4403         ztest_cb_data_t *cb_data;
4404 
4405         cb_data = umem_zalloc(sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t), UMEM_NOFAIL);
4406 
4407         cb_data->zcd_txg = txg;
4408         cb_data->zcd_spa = dmu_objset_spa(os);
4409 
4410         return (cb_data);
4411 }
4412 
4413 /*
4414  * If a number of txgs equal to this threshold have been created after a commit
4415  * callback has been registered but not called, then we assume there is an
4416  * implementation bug.
4417  */
4418 #define ZTEST_COMMIT_CALLBACK_THRESH    (TXG_CONCURRENT_STATES + 2)
4419 
4420 /*
4421  * Commit callback test.
4422  */
4423 void
4424 ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4425 {
4426         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4427         ztest_od_t od[1];
4428         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4429         ztest_cb_data_t *cb_data[3], *tmp_cb;
4430         uint64_t old_txg, txg;
4431         int i, error;
4432 
4433         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
4434 
4435         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4436                 return;
4437 
4438         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4439 
4440         cb_data[0] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, 0);
4441         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[0]);
4442 
4443         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t));
4444 
4445         /* Every once in a while, abort the transaction on purpose */
4446         if (ztest_random(100) == 0)
4447                 error = -1;
4448 
4449         if (!error)
4450                 error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, TXG_NOWAIT);
4451 
4452         txg = error ? 0 : dmu_tx_get_txg(tx);
4453 
4454         cb_data[0]->zcd_txg = txg;
4455         cb_data[1] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, txg);
4456         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[1]);
4457 
4458         if (error) {
4459                 /*
4460                  * It's not a strict requirement to call the registered
4461                  * callbacks from inside dmu_tx_abort(), but that's what
4462                  * it's supposed to happen in the current implementation
4463                  * so we will check for that.
4464                  */
4465                 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4466                         cb_data[i]->zcd_expected_err = ECANCELED;
4467                         VERIFY(!cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4468                 }
4469 
4470                 dmu_tx_abort(tx);
4471 
4472                 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4473                         VERIFY(cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4474                         umem_free(cb_data[i], sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t));
4475                 }
4476 
4477                 return;
4478         }
4479 
4480         cb_data[2] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, txg);
4481         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[2]);
4482 
4483         /*
4484          * Read existing data to make sure there isn't a future leak.
4485          */
4486         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t),
4487             &old_txg, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
4488 
4489         if (old_txg > txg)
4490                 fatal(0, "future leak: got %" PRIu64 ", open txg is %" PRIu64,
4491                     old_txg, txg);
4492 
4493         dmu_write(os, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t), &txg, tx);
4494 
4495         (void) mutex_lock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4496 
4497         /*
4498          * Since commit callbacks don't have any ordering requirement and since
4499          * it is theoretically possible for a commit callback to be called
4500          * after an arbitrary amount of time has elapsed since its txg has been
4501          * synced, it is difficult to reliably determine whether a commit
4502          * callback hasn't been called due to high load or due to a flawed
4503          * implementation.
4504          *
4505          * In practice, we will assume that if after a certain number of txgs a
4506          * commit callback hasn't been called, then most likely there's an
4507          * implementation bug..
4508          */
4509         tmp_cb = list_head(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
4510         if (tmp_cb != NULL &&
4511             (txg - ZTEST_COMMIT_CALLBACK_THRESH) > tmp_cb->zcd_txg) {
4512                 fatal(0, "Commit callback threshold exceeded, oldest txg: %"
4513                     PRIu64 ", open txg: %" PRIu64 "\n", tmp_cb->zcd_txg, txg);
4514         }
4515 
4516         /*
4517          * Let's find the place to insert our callbacks.
4518          *
4519          * Even though the list is ordered by txg, it is possible for the
4520          * insertion point to not be the end because our txg may already be
4521          * quiescing at this point and other callbacks in the open txg
4522          * (from other objsets) may have sneaked in.
4523          */
4524         tmp_cb = list_tail(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
4525         while (tmp_cb != NULL && tmp_cb->zcd_txg > txg)
4526                 tmp_cb = list_prev(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, tmp_cb);
4527 
4528         /* Add the 3 callbacks to the list */
4529         for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
4530                 if (tmp_cb == NULL)
4531                         list_insert_head(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, cb_data[i]);
4532                 else
4533                         list_insert_after(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, tmp_cb,
4534                             cb_data[i]);
4535 
4536                 cb_data[i]->zcd_added = B_TRUE;
4537                 VERIFY(!cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4538 
4539                 tmp_cb = cb_data[i];
4540         }
4541 
4542         (void) mutex_unlock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4543 
4544         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4545 }
4546 
4547 /* ARGSUSED */
4548 void
4549 ztest_dsl_prop_get_set(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4550 {
4551         zfs_prop_t proplist[] = {
4552                 ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM,
4553                 ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION,
4554                 ZFS_PROP_COPIES,
4555                 ZFS_PROP_DEDUP
4556         };
4557 
4558         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4559 
4560         for (int p = 0; p < sizeof (proplist) / sizeof (proplist[0]); p++)
4561                 (void) ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, proplist[p],
4562                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(proplist[p]), (int)ztest_random(2));
4563 
4564         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4565 }
4566 
4567 /* ARGSUSED */
4568 void
4569 ztest_spa_prop_get_set(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4570 {
4571         nvlist_t *props = NULL;
4572 
4573         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4574 
4575         (void) ztest_spa_prop_set_uint64(ZPOOL_PROP_DEDUPDITTO,
4576             ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN + ztest_random(ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN));
4577 
4578         VERIFY0(spa_prop_get(ztest_spa, &props));
4579 
4580         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
4581                 dump_nvlist(props, 4);
4582 
4583         nvlist_free(props);
4584 
4585         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4586 }
4587 
4588 static int
4589 user_release_one(const char *snapname, const char *holdname)
4590 {
4591         nvlist_t *snaps, *holds;
4592         int error;
4593 
4594         snaps = fnvlist_alloc();
4595         holds = fnvlist_alloc();
4596         fnvlist_add_boolean(holds, holdname);
4597         fnvlist_add_nvlist(snaps, snapname, holds);
4598         fnvlist_free(holds);
4599         error = dsl_dataset_user_release(snaps, NULL);
4600         fnvlist_free(snaps);
4601         return (error);
4602 }
4603 
4604 /*
4605  * Test snapshot hold/release and deferred destroy.
4606  */
4607 void
4608 ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4609 {
4610         int error;
4611         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4612         objset_t *origin;
4613         char snapname[100];
4614         char fullname[100];
4615         char clonename[100];
4616         char tag[100];
4617         char osname[MAXNAMELEN];
4618         nvlist_t *holds;
4619 
4620         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4621 
4622         dmu_objset_name(os, osname);
4623 
4624         (void) snprintf(snapname, sizeof (snapname), "sh1_%llu", id);
4625         (void) snprintf(fullname, sizeof (fullname), "%s@%s", osname, snapname);
4626         (void) snprintf(clonename, sizeof (clonename),
4627             "%s/ch1_%llu", osname, id);
4628         (void) snprintf(tag, sizeof (tag), "tag_%llu", id);
4629 
4630         /*
4631          * Clean up from any previous run.
4632          */
4633         error = dsl_destroy_head(clonename);
4634         if (error != ENOENT)
4635                 ASSERT0(error);
4636         error = user_release_one(fullname, tag);
4637         if (error != ESRCH && error != ENOENT)
4638                 ASSERT0(error);
4639         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_FALSE);
4640         if (error != ENOENT)
4641                 ASSERT0(error);
4642 
4643         /*
4644          * Create snapshot, clone it, mark snap for deferred destroy,
4645          * destroy clone, verify snap was also destroyed.
4646          */
4647         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, snapname);
4648         if (error) {
4649                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4650                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_snapshot");
4651                         goto out;
4652                 }
4653                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_snapshot(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4654         }
4655 
4656         error = dmu_objset_clone(clonename, fullname);
4657         if (error) {
4658                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4659                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_clone");
4660                         goto out;
4661                 }
4662                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_clone(%s) = %d", clonename, error);
4663         }
4664 
4665         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_TRUE);
4666         if (error) {
4667                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s, B_TRUE) = %d",
4668                     fullname, error);
4669         }
4670 
4671         error = dsl_destroy_head(clonename);
4672         if (error)
4673                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_head(%s) = %d", clonename, error);
4674 
4675         error = dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin);
4676         if (error != ENOENT)
4677                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_hold(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4678 
4679         /*
4680          * Create snapshot, add temporary hold, verify that we can't
4681          * destroy a held snapshot, mark for deferred destroy,
4682          * release hold, verify snapshot was destroyed.
4683          */
4684         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, snapname);
4685         if (error) {
4686                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4687                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_snapshot");
4688                         goto out;
4689                 }
4690                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_snapshot(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4691         }
4692 
4693         holds = fnvlist_alloc();
4694         fnvlist_add_string(holds, fullname, tag);
4695         error = dsl_dataset_user_hold(holds, 0, NULL);
4696         fnvlist_free(holds);
4697 
4698         if (error)
4699                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_user_hold(%s)", fullname, tag);
4700 
4701         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_FALSE);
4702         if (error != EBUSY) {
4703                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s, B_FALSE) = %d",
4704                     fullname, error);
4705         }
4706 
4707         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_TRUE);
4708         if (error) {
4709                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s, B_TRUE) = %d",
4710                     fullname, error);
4711         }
4712 
4713         error = user_release_one(fullname, tag);
4714         if (error)
4715                 fatal(0, "user_release_one(%s, %s) = %d", fullname, tag, error);
4716 
4717         VERIFY3U(dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin), ==, ENOENT);
4718 
4719 out:
4720         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4721 }
4722 
4723 /*
4724  * Inject random faults into the on-disk data.
4725  */
4726 /* ARGSUSED */
4727 void
4728 ztest_fault_inject(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4729 {
4730         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
4731         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4732         int fd;
4733         uint64_t offset;
4734         uint64_t leaves;
4735         uint64_t bad = 0x1990c0ffeedecade;
4736         uint64_t top, leaf;
4737         char path0[MAXPATHLEN];
4738         char pathrand[MAXPATHLEN];
4739         size_t fsize;
4740         int bshift = SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT + 2;     /* don't scrog all labels */
4741         int iters = 1000;
4742         int maxfaults;
4743         int mirror_save;
4744         vdev_t *vd0 = NULL;
4745         uint64_t guid0 = 0;
4746         boolean_t islog = B_FALSE;
4747 
4748         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4749         maxfaults = MAXFAULTS();
4750         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
4751         mirror_save = zs->zs_mirrors;
4752         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4753 
4754         ASSERT(leaves >= 1);
4755 
4756         /*
4757          * We need SCL_STATE here because we're going to look at vd0->vdev_tsd.
4758          */
4759         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG, RW_READER);
4760 
4761         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
4762                 /*
4763                  * Inject errors on a normal data device or slog device.
4764                  */
4765                 top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
4766                 leaf = ztest_random(leaves) + zs->zs_splits;
4767 
4768                 /*
4769                  * Generate paths to the first leaf in this top-level vdev,
4770                  * and to the random leaf we selected.  We'll induce transient
4771                  * write failures and random online/offline activity on leaf 0,
4772                  * and we'll write random garbage to the randomly chosen leaf.
4773                  */
4774                 (void) snprintf(path0, sizeof (path0), ztest_dev_template,
4775                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
4776                     top * leaves + zs->zs_splits);
4777                 (void) snprintf(pathrand, sizeof (pathrand), ztest_dev_template,
4778                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
4779                     top * leaves + leaf);
4780 
4781                 vd0 = vdev_lookup_by_path(spa->spa_root_vdev, path0);
4782                 if (vd0 != NULL && vd0->vdev_top->vdev_islog)
4783                         islog = B_TRUE;
4784 
4785                 if (vd0 != NULL && maxfaults != 1) {
4786                         /*
4787                          * Make vd0 explicitly claim to be unreadable,
4788                          * or unwriteable, or reach behind its back
4789                          * and close the underlying fd.  We can do this if
4790                          * maxfaults == 0 because we'll fail and reexecute,
4791                          * and we can do it if maxfaults >= 2 because we'll
4792                          * have enough redundancy.  If maxfaults == 1, the
4793                          * combination of this with injection of random data
4794                          * corruption below exceeds the pool's fault tolerance.
4795                          */
4796                         vdev_file_t *vf = vd0->vdev_tsd;
4797 
4798                         if (vf != NULL && ztest_random(3) == 0) {
4799                                 (void) close(vf->vf_vnode->v_fd);
4800                                 vf->vf_vnode->v_fd = -1;
4801                         } else if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
4802                                 vd0->vdev_cant_read = B_TRUE;
4803                         } else {
4804                                 vd0->vdev_cant_write = B_TRUE;
4805                         }
4806                         guid0 = vd0->vdev_guid;
4807                 }
4808         } else {
4809                 /*
4810                  * Inject errors on an l2cache device.
4811                  */
4812                 spa_aux_vdev_t *sav = &spa->spa_l2cache;
4813 
4814                 if (sav->sav_count == 0) {
4815                         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
4816                         return;
4817                 }
4818                 vd0 = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)];
4819                 guid0 = vd0->vdev_guid;
4820                 (void) strcpy(path0, vd0->vdev_path);
4821                 (void) strcpy(pathrand, vd0->vdev_path);
4822 
4823                 leaf = 0;
4824                 leaves = 1;
4825                 maxfaults = INT_MAX;    /* no limit on cache devices */
4826         }
4827 
4828         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
4829 
4830         /*
4831          * If we can tolerate two or more faults, or we're dealing
4832          * with a slog, randomly online/offline vd0.
4833          */
4834         if ((maxfaults >= 2 || islog) && guid0 != 0) {
4835                 if (ztest_random(10) < 6) {
4836                         int flags = (ztest_random(2) == 0 ?
4837                             ZFS_OFFLINE_TEMPORARY : 0);
4838 
4839                         /*
4840                          * We have to grab the zs_name_lock as writer to
4841                          * prevent a race between offlining a slog and
4842                          * destroying a dataset. Offlining the slog will
4843                          * grab a reference on the dataset which may cause
4844                          * dmu_objset_destroy() to fail with EBUSY thus
4845                          * leaving the dataset in an inconsistent state.
4846                          */
4847                         if (islog)
4848                                 (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4849 
4850                         VERIFY(vdev_offline(spa, guid0, flags) != EBUSY);
4851 
4852                         if (islog)
4853                                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4854                 } else {
4855                         /*
4856                          * Ideally we would like to be able to randomly
4857                          * call vdev_[on|off]line without holding locks
4858                          * to force unpredictable failures but the side
4859                          * effects of vdev_[on|off]line prevent us from
4860                          * doing so. We grab the ztest_vdev_lock here to
4861                          * prevent a race between injection testing and
4862                          * aux_vdev removal.
4863                          */
4864                         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4865                         (void) vdev_online(spa, guid0, 0, NULL);
4866                         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4867                 }
4868         }
4869 
4870         if (maxfaults == 0)
4871                 return;
4872 
4873         /*
4874          * We have at least single-fault tolerance, so inject data corruption.
4875          */
4876         fd = open(pathrand, O_RDWR);
4877 
4878         if (fd == -1)   /* we hit a gap in the device namespace */
4879                 return;
4880 
4881         fsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
4882 
4883         while (--iters != 0) {
4884                 offset = ztest_random(fsize / (leaves << bshift)) *
4885                     (leaves << bshift) + (leaf << bshift) +
4886                     (ztest_random(1ULL << (bshift - 1)) & -8ULL);
4887 
4888                 if (offset >= fsize)
4889                         continue;
4890 
4891                 VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4892                 if (mirror_save != zs->zs_mirrors) {
4893                         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4894                         (void) close(fd);
4895                         return;
4896                 }
4897 
4898                 if (pwrite(fd, &bad, sizeof (bad), offset) != sizeof (bad))
4899                         fatal(1, "can't inject bad word at 0x%llx in %s",
4900                             offset, pathrand);
4901 
4902                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4903 
4904                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7)
4905                         (void) printf("injected bad word into %s,"
4906                             " offset 0x%llx\n", pathrand, (u_longlong_t)offset);
4907         }
4908 
4909         (void) close(fd);
4910 }
4911 
4912 /*
4913  * Verify that DDT repair works as expected.
4914  */
4915 void
4916 ztest_ddt_repair(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4917 {
4918         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
4919         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4920         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4921         ztest_od_t od[1];
4922         uint64_t object, blocksize, txg, pattern, psize;
4923         enum zio_checksum checksum = spa_dedup_checksum(spa);
4924         dmu_buf_t *db;
4925         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4926         void *buf;
4927         blkptr_t blk;
4928         int copies = 2 * ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN;
4929 
4930         blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
4931         blocksize = MIN(blocksize, 2048);       /* because we write so many */
4932 
4933         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
4934 
4935         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4936                 return;
4937 
4938         /*
4939          * Take the name lock as writer to prevent anyone else from changing
4940          * the pool and dataset properies we need to maintain during this test.
4941          */
4942         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4943 
4944         if (ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, ZFS_PROP_DEDUP, checksum,
4945             B_FALSE) != 0 ||
4946             ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, ZFS_PROP_COPIES, 1,
4947             B_FALSE) != 0) {
4948                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4949                 return;
4950         }
4951 
4952         object = od[0].od_object;
4953         blocksize = od[0].od_blocksize;
4954         pattern = zs->zs_guid ^ dmu_objset_fsid_guid(os);
4955 
4956         ASSERT(object != 0);
4957 
4958         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4959         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, object, 0, copies * blocksize);
4960         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
4961         if (txg == 0) {
4962                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4963                 return;
4964         }
4965 
4966         /*
4967          * Write all the copies of our block.
4968          */
4969         for (int i = 0; i < copies; i++) {
4970                 uint64_t offset = i * blocksize;
4971                 int error = dmu_buf_hold(os, object, offset, FTAG, &db,
4972                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
4973                 if (error != 0) {
4974                         fatal(B_FALSE, "dmu_buf_hold(%p, %llu, %llu) = %u",
4975                             os, (long long)object, (long long) offset, error);
4976                 }
4977                 ASSERT(db->db_offset == offset);
4978                 ASSERT(db->db_size == blocksize);
4979                 ASSERT(ztest_pattern_match(db->db_data, db->db_size, pattern) ||
4980                     ztest_pattern_match(db->db_data, db->db_size, 0ULL));
4981                 dmu_buf_will_fill(db, tx);
4982                 ztest_pattern_set(db->db_data, db->db_size, pattern);
4983                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
4984         }
4985 
4986         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4987         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), txg);
4988 
4989         /*
4990          * Find out what block we got.
4991          */
4992         VERIFY0(dmu_buf_hold(os, object, 0, FTAG, &db,
4993             DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH));
4994         blk = *((dmu_buf_impl_t *)db)->db_blkptr;
4995         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
4996 
4997         /*
4998          * Damage the block.  Dedup-ditto will save us when we read it later.
4999          */
5000         psize = BP_GET_PSIZE(&blk);
5001         buf = zio_buf_alloc(psize);
5002         ztest_pattern_set(buf, psize, ~pattern);
5003 
5004         (void) zio_wait(zio_rewrite(NULL, spa, 0, &blk,
5005             buf, psize, NULL, NULL, ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_WRITE,
5006             ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_INDUCE_DAMAGE, NULL));
5007 
5008         zio_buf_free(buf, psize);
5009 
5010         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5011 }
5012 
5013 /*
5014  * Scrub the pool.
5015  */
5016 /* ARGSUSED */
5017 void
5018 ztest_scrub(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5019 {
5020         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
5021 
5022         (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5023         (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100); /* wait a moment, then force a restart */
5024         (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5025 }
5026 
5027 /*
5028  * Change the guid for the pool.
5029  */
5030 /* ARGSUSED */
5031 void
5032 ztest_reguid(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5033 {
5034         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
5035         uint64_t orig, load;
5036         int error;
5037 
5038         orig = spa_guid(spa);
5039         load = spa_load_guid(spa);
5040 
5041         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5042         error = spa_change_guid(spa);
5043         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5044 
5045         if (error != 0)
5046                 return;
5047 
5048         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5049                 (void) printf("Changed guid old %llu -> %llu\n",
5050                     (u_longlong_t)orig, (u_longlong_t)spa_guid(spa));
5051         }
5052 
5053         VERIFY3U(orig, !=, spa_guid(spa));
5054         VERIFY3U(load, ==, spa_load_guid(spa));
5055 }
5056 
5057 /*
5058  * Rename the pool to a different name and then rename it back.
5059  */
5060 /* ARGSUSED */
5061 void
5062 ztest_spa_rename(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5063 {
5064         char *oldname, *newname;
5065         spa_t *spa;
5066 
5067         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5068 
5069         oldname = ztest_opts.zo_pool;
5070         newname = umem_alloc(strlen(oldname) + 5, UMEM_NOFAIL);
5071         (void) strcpy(newname, oldname);
5072         (void) strcat(newname, "_tmp");
5073 
5074         /*
5075          * Do the rename
5076          */
5077         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_rename(oldname, newname));
5078 
5079         /*
5080          * Try to open it under the old name, which shouldn't exist
5081          */
5082         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5083 
5084         /*
5085          * Open it under the new name and make sure it's still the same spa_t.
5086          */
5087         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(newname, &spa, FTAG));
5088 
5089         ASSERT(spa == ztest_spa);
5090         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5091 
5092         /*
5093          * Rename it back to the original
5094          */
5095         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_rename(newname, oldname));
5096 
5097         /*
5098          * Make sure it can still be opened
5099          */
5100         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5101 
5102         ASSERT(spa == ztest_spa);
5103         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5104 
5105         umem_free(newname, strlen(newname) + 1);
5106 
5107         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5108 }
5109 
5110 /*
5111  * Verify pool integrity by running zdb.
5112  */
5113 static void
5114 ztest_run_zdb(char *pool)
5115 {
5116         int status;
5117         char zdb[MAXPATHLEN + MAXNAMELEN + 20];
5118         char zbuf[1024];
5119         char *bin;
5120         char *ztest;
5121         char *isa;
5122         int isalen;
5123         FILE *fp;
5124 
5125         (void) realpath(getexecname(), zdb);
5126 
5127         /* zdb lives in /usr/sbin, while ztest lives in /usr/bin */
5128         bin = strstr(zdb, "/usr/bin/");
5129         ztest = strstr(bin, "/ztest");
5130         isa = bin + 8;
5131         isalen = ztest - isa;
5132         isa = strdup(isa);
5133         /* LINTED */
5134         (void) sprintf(bin,
5135             "/usr/sbin%.*s/zdb -bcc%s%s -U %s %s",
5136             isalen,
5137             isa,
5138             ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3 ? "s" : "",
5139             ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4 ? "v" : "",
5140             spa_config_path,
5141             pool);
5142         free(isa);
5143 
5144         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5)
5145                 (void) printf("Executing %s\n", strstr(zdb, "zdb "));
5146 
5147         fp = popen(zdb, "r");
5148 
5149         while (fgets(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), fp) != NULL)
5150                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5151                         (void) printf("%s", zbuf);
5152 
5153         status = pclose(fp);
5154 
5155         if (status == 0)
5156                 return;
5157 
5158         ztest_dump_core = 0;
5159         if (WIFEXITED(status))
5160                 fatal(0, "'%s' exit code %d", zdb, WEXITSTATUS(status));
5161         else
5162                 fatal(0, "'%s' died with signal %d", zdb, WTERMSIG(status));
5163 }
5164 
5165 static void
5166 ztest_walk_pool_directory(char *header)
5167 {
5168         spa_t *spa = NULL;
5169 
5170         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5171                 (void) printf("%s\n", header);
5172 
5173         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
5174         while ((spa = spa_next(spa)) != NULL)
5175                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5176                         (void) printf("\t%s\n", spa_name(spa));
5177         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
5178 }
5179 
5180 static void
5181 ztest_spa_import_export(char *oldname, char *newname)
5182 {
5183         nvlist_t *config, *newconfig;
5184         uint64_t pool_guid;
5185         spa_t *spa;
5186         int error;
5187 
5188         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5189                 (void) printf("import/export: old = %s, new = %s\n",
5190                     oldname, newname);
5191         }
5192 
5193         /*
5194          * Clean up from previous runs.
5195          */
5196         (void) spa_destroy(newname);
5197 
5198         /*
5199          * Get the pool's configuration and guid.
5200          */
5201         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5202 
5203         /*
5204          * Kick off a scrub to tickle scrub/export races.
5205          */
5206         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
5207                 (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5208 
5209         pool_guid = spa_guid(spa);
5210         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5211 
5212         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools before export");
5213 
5214         /*
5215          * Export it.
5216          */
5217         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_export(oldname, &config, B_FALSE, B_FALSE));
5218 
5219         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools after export");
5220 
5221         /*
5222          * Try to import it.
5223          */
5224         newconfig = spa_tryimport(config);
5225         ASSERT(newconfig != NULL);
5226         nvlist_free(newconfig);
5227 
5228         /*
5229          * Import it under the new name.
5230          */
5231         error = spa_import(newname, config, NULL, 0);
5232         if (error != 0) {
5233                 dump_nvlist(config, 0);
5234                 fatal(B_FALSE, "couldn't import pool %s as %s: error %u",
5235                     oldname, newname, error);
5236         }
5237 
5238         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools after import");
5239 
5240         /*
5241          * Try to import it again -- should fail with EEXIST.
5242          */
5243         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_import(newname, config, NULL, 0));
5244 
5245         /*
5246          * Try to import it under a different name -- should fail with EEXIST.
5247          */
5248         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_import(oldname, config, NULL, 0));
5249 
5250         /*
5251          * Verify that the pool is no longer visible under the old name.
5252          */
5253         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5254 
5255         /*
5256          * Verify that we can open and close the pool using the new name.
5257          */
5258         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(newname, &spa, FTAG));
5259         ASSERT(pool_guid == spa_guid(spa));
5260         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5261 
5262         nvlist_free(config);
5263 }
5264 
5265 static void
5266 ztest_resume(spa_t *spa)
5267 {
5268         if (spa_suspended(spa) && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5269                 (void) printf("resuming from suspended state\n");
5270         spa_vdev_state_enter(spa, SCL_NONE);
5271         vdev_clear(spa, NULL);
5272         (void) spa_vdev_state_exit(spa, NULL, 0);
5273         (void) zio_resume(spa);
5274 }
5275 
5276 static void *
5277 ztest_resume_thread(void *arg)
5278 {
5279         spa_t *spa = arg;
5280 
5281         while (!ztest_exiting) {
5282                 if (spa_suspended(spa))
5283                         ztest_resume(spa);
5284                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100);
5285         }
5286         return (NULL);
5287 }
5288 
5289 static void *
5290 ztest_deadman_thread(void *arg)
5291 {
5292         ztest_shared_t *zs = arg;
5293         int grace = 300;
5294         hrtime_t delta;
5295 
5296         delta = (zs->zs_thread_stop - zs->zs_thread_start) / NANOSEC + grace;
5297 
5298         (void) poll(NULL, 0, (int)(1000 * delta));
5299 
5300         fatal(0, "failed to complete within %d seconds of deadline", grace);
5301 
5302         return (NULL);
5303 }
5304 
5305 static void
5306 ztest_execute(int test, ztest_info_t *zi, uint64_t id)
5307 {
5308         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[id % ztest_opts.zo_datasets];
5309         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(test);
5310         hrtime_t functime = gethrtime();
5311 
5312         for (int i = 0; i < zi->zi_iters; i++)
5313                 zi->zi_func(zd, id);
5314 
5315         functime = gethrtime() - functime;
5316 
5317         atomic_add_64(&zc->zc_count, 1);
5318         atomic_add_64(&zc->zc_time, functime);
5319 
5320         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5321                 Dl_info dli;
5322                 (void) dladdr((void *)zi->zi_func, &dli);
5323                 (void) printf("%6.2f sec in %s\n",
5324                     (double)functime / NANOSEC, dli.dli_sname);
5325         }
5326 }
5327 
5328 static void *
5329 ztest_thread(void *arg)
5330 {
5331         int rand;
5332         uint64_t id = (uintptr_t)arg;
5333         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
5334         uint64_t call_next;
5335         hrtime_t now;
5336         ztest_info_t *zi;
5337         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc;
5338 
5339         while ((now = gethrtime()) < zs->zs_thread_stop) {
5340                 /*
5341                  * See if it's time to force a crash.
5342                  */
5343                 if (now > zs->zs_thread_kill)
5344                         ztest_kill(zs);
5345 
5346                 /*
5347                  * If we're getting ENOSPC with some regularity, stop.
5348                  */
5349                 if (zs->zs_enospc_count > 10)
5350                         break;
5351 
5352                 /*
5353                  * Pick a random function to execute.
5354                  */
5355                 rand = ztest_random(ZTEST_FUNCS);
5356                 zi = &ztest_info[rand];
5357                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(rand);
5358                 call_next = zc->zc_next;
5359 
5360                 if (now >= call_next &&
5361                     atomic_cas_64(&zc->zc_next, call_next, call_next +
5362                     ztest_random(2 * zi->zi_interval[0] + 1)) == call_next) {
5363                         ztest_execute(rand, zi, id);
5364                 }
5365         }
5366 
5367         return (NULL);
5368 }
5369 
5370 static void
5371 ztest_dataset_name(char *dsname, char *pool, int d)
5372 {
5373         (void) snprintf(dsname, MAXNAMELEN, "%s/ds_%d", pool, d);
5374 }
5375 
5376 static void
5377 ztest_dataset_destroy(int d)
5378 {
5379         char name[MAXNAMELEN];
5380 
5381         ztest_dataset_name(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool, d);
5382 
5383         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5384                 (void) printf("Destroying %s to free up space\n", name);
5385 
5386         /*
5387          * Cleanup any non-standard clones and snapshots.  In general,
5388          * ztest thread t operates on dataset (t % zopt_datasets),
5389          * so there may be more than one thing to clean up.
5390          */
5391         for (int t = d; t < ztest_opts.zo_threads;
5392             t += ztest_opts.zo_datasets) {
5393                 ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(name, t);
5394         }
5395 
5396         (void) dmu_objset_find(name, ztest_objset_destroy_cb, NULL,
5397             DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS | DS_FIND_CHILDREN);
5398 }
5399 
5400 static void
5401 ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(ztest_ds_t *zd)
5402 {
5403         uint64_t usedobjs, dirobjs, scratch;
5404 
5405         /*
5406          * ZTEST_DIROBJ is the object directory for the entire dataset.
5407          * Therefore, the number of objects in use should equal the
5408          * number of ZTEST_DIROBJ entries, +1 for ZTEST_DIROBJ itself.
5409          * If not, we have an object leak.
5410          *
5411          * Note that we can only check this in ztest_dataset_open(),
5412          * when the open-context and syncing-context values agree.
5413          * That's because zap_count() returns the open-context value,
5414          * while dmu_objset_space() returns the rootbp fill count.
5415          */
5416         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_count(zd->zd_os, ZTEST_DIROBJ, &dirobjs));
5417         dmu_objset_space(zd->zd_os, &scratch, &scratch, &usedobjs, &scratch);
5418         ASSERT3U(dirobjs + 1, ==, usedobjs);
5419 }
5420 
5421 static int
5422 ztest_dataset_open(int d)
5423 {
5424         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[d];
5425         uint64_t committed_seq = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d)->zd_seq;
5426         objset_t *os;
5427         zilog_t *zilog;
5428         char name[MAXNAMELEN];
5429         int error;
5430 
5431         ztest_dataset_name(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool, d);
5432 
5433         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5434 
5435         error = ztest_dataset_create(name);
5436         if (error == ENOSPC) {
5437                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5438                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
5439                 return (error);
5440         }
5441         ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
5442 
5443         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, zd, &os));
5444         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5445 
5446         ztest_zd_init(zd, ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d), os);
5447 
5448         zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
5449 
5450         if (zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq != 0 &&
5451             zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq < committed_seq)
5452                 fatal(0, "missing log records: claimed %llu < committed %llu",
5453                     zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq, committed_seq);
5454 
5455         ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(zd);
5456 
5457         zil_replay(os, zd, ztest_replay_vector);
5458 
5459         ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(zd);
5460 
5461         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5462                 (void) printf("%s replay %llu blocks, %llu records, seq %llu\n",
5463                     zd->zd_name,
5464                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_parse_blk_count,
5465                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_parse_lr_count,
5466                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_replaying_seq);
5467 
5468         zilog = zil_open(os, ztest_get_data);
5469 
5470         if (zilog->zl_replaying_seq != 0 &&
5471             zilog->zl_replaying_seq < committed_seq)
5472                 fatal(0, "missing log records: replayed %llu < committed %llu",
5473                     zilog->zl_replaying_seq, committed_seq);
5474 
5475         return (0);
5476 }
5477 
5478 static void
5479 ztest_dataset_close(int d)
5480 {
5481         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[d];
5482 
5483         zil_close(zd->zd_zilog);
5484         dmu_objset_disown(zd->zd_os, zd);
5485 
5486         ztest_zd_fini(zd);
5487 }
5488 
5489 /*
5490  * Kick off threads to run tests on all datasets in parallel.
5491  */
5492 static void
5493 ztest_run(ztest_shared_t *zs)
5494 {
5495         thread_t *tid;
5496         spa_t *spa;
5497         objset_t *os;
5498         thread_t resume_tid;
5499         int error;
5500 
5501         ztest_exiting = B_FALSE;
5502 
5503         /*
5504          * Initialize parent/child shared state.
5505          */
5506         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&ztest_vdev_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5507         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&ztest_name_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5508 
5509         zs->zs_thread_start = gethrtime();
5510         zs->zs_thread_stop =
5511             zs->zs_thread_start + ztest_opts.zo_passtime * NANOSEC;
5512         zs->zs_thread_stop = MIN(zs->zs_thread_stop, zs->zs_proc_stop);
5513         zs->zs_thread_kill = zs->zs_thread_stop;
5514         if (ztest_random(100) < ztest_opts.zo_killrate) {
5515                 zs->zs_thread_kill -=
5516                     ztest_random(ztest_opts.zo_passtime * NANOSEC);
5517         }
5518 
5519         (void) _mutex_init(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL);
5520 
5521         list_create(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t),
5522             offsetof(ztest_cb_data_t, zcd_node));
5523 
5524         /*
5525          * Open our pool.
5526          */
5527         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5528         VERIFY0(spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5529         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5530         ztest_spa = spa;
5531 
5532         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(ztest_opts.zo_pool,
5533             DMU_OST_ANY, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os));
5534         zs->zs_guid = dmu_objset_fsid_guid(os);
5535         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
5536 
5537         spa->spa_dedup_ditto = 2 * ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN;
5538 
5539         /*
5540          * We don't expect the pool to suspend unless maxfaults == 0,
5541          * in which case ztest_fault_inject() temporarily takes away
5542          * the only valid replica.
5543          */
5544         if (MAXFAULTS() == 0)
5545                 spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_WAIT;
5546         else
5547                 spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_PANIC;
5548 
5549         /*
5550          * Create a thread to periodically resume suspended I/O.
5551          */
5552         VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_resume_thread, spa, THR_BOUND,
5553             &resume_tid) == 0);
5554 
5555         /*
5556          * Create a deadman thread to abort() if we hang.
5557          */
5558         VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_deadman_thread, zs, THR_BOUND,
5559             NULL) == 0);
5560 
5561         /*
5562          * Verify that we can safely inquire about about any object,
5563          * whether it's allocated or not.  To make it interesting,
5564          * we probe a 5-wide window around each power of two.
5565          * This hits all edge cases, including zero and the max.
5566          */
5567         for (int t = 0; t < 64; t++) {
5568                 for (int d = -5; d <= 5; d++) {
5569                         error = dmu_object_info(spa->spa_meta_objset,
5570                             (1ULL << t) + d, NULL);
5571                         ASSERT(error == 0 || error == ENOENT ||
5572                             error == EINVAL);
5573                 }
5574         }
5575 
5576         /*
5577          * If we got any ENOSPC errors on the previous run, destroy something.
5578          */
5579         if (zs->zs_enospc_count != 0) {
5580                 int d = ztest_random(ztest_opts.zo_datasets);
5581                 ztest_dataset_destroy(d);
5582         }
5583         zs->zs_enospc_count = 0;
5584 
5585         tid = umem_zalloc(ztest_opts.zo_threads * sizeof (thread_t),
5586             UMEM_NOFAIL);
5587 
5588         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4)
5589                 (void) printf("starting main threads...\n");
5590 
5591         /*
5592          * Kick off all the tests that run in parallel.
5593          */
5594         for (int t = 0; t < ztest_opts.zo_threads; t++) {
5595                 if (t < ztest_opts.zo_datasets &&
5596                     ztest_dataset_open(t) != 0)
5597                         return;
5598                 VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_thread, (void *)(uintptr_t)t,
5599                     THR_BOUND, &tid[t]) == 0);
5600         }
5601 
5602         /*
5603          * Wait for all of the tests to complete.  We go in reverse order
5604          * so we don't close datasets while threads are still using them.
5605          */
5606         for (int t = ztest_opts.zo_threads - 1; t >= 0; t--) {
5607                 VERIFY(thr_join(tid[t], NULL, NULL) == 0);
5608                 if (t < ztest_opts.zo_datasets)
5609                         ztest_dataset_close(t);
5610         }
5611 
5612         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5613 
5614         zs->zs_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
5615         zs->zs_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(spa));
5616 
5617         umem_free(tid, ztest_opts.zo_threads * sizeof (thread_t));
5618 
5619         /* Kill the resume thread */
5620         ztest_exiting = B_TRUE;
5621         VERIFY(thr_join(resume_tid, NULL, NULL) == 0);
5622         ztest_resume(spa);
5623 
5624         /*
5625          * Right before closing the pool, kick off a bunch of async I/O;
5626          * spa_close() should wait for it to complete.
5627          */
5628         for (uint64_t object = 1; object < 50; object++)
5629                 dmu_prefetch(spa->spa_meta_objset, object, 0, 1ULL << 20);
5630 
5631         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5632 
5633         /*
5634          * Verify that we can loop over all pools.
5635          */
5636         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
5637         for (spa = spa_next(NULL); spa != NULL; spa = spa_next(spa))
5638                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose > 3)
5639                         (void) printf("spa_next: found %s\n", spa_name(spa));
5640         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
5641 
5642         /*
5643          * Verify that we can export the pool and reimport it under a
5644          * different name.
5645          */
5646         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
5647                 char name[MAXNAMELEN];
5648                 (void) snprintf(name, MAXNAMELEN, "%s_import",
5649                     ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5650                 ztest_spa_import_export(ztest_opts.zo_pool, name);
5651                 ztest_spa_import_export(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5652         }
5653 
5654         kernel_fini();
5655 
5656         list_destroy(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
5657 
5658         (void) _mutex_destroy(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
5659 
5660         (void) rwlock_destroy(&ztest_name_lock);
5661         (void) _mutex_destroy(&ztest_vdev_lock);
5662 }
5663 
5664 static void
5665 ztest_freeze(void)
5666 {
5667         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[0];
5668         spa_t *spa;
5669         int numloops = 0;
5670 
5671         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5672                 (void) printf("testing spa_freeze()...\n");
5673 
5674         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5675         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5676         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ztest_dataset_open(0));
5677         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5678         ztest_spa = spa;
5679 
5680         /*
5681          * Force the first log block to be transactionally allocated.
5682          * We have to do this before we freeze the pool -- otherwise
5683          * the log chain won't be anchored.
5684          */
5685         while (BP_IS_HOLE(&zd->zd_zilog->zl_header->zh_log)) {
5686                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(zd, 0);
5687                 zil_commit(zd->zd_zilog, 0);
5688         }
5689 
5690         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5691 
5692         /*
5693          * Freeze the pool.  This stops spa_sync() from doing anything,
5694          * so that the only way to record changes from now on is the ZIL.
5695          */
5696         spa_freeze(spa);
5697 
5698         /*
5699          * Run tests that generate log records but don't alter the pool config
5700          * or depend on DSL sync tasks (snapshots, objset create/destroy, etc).
5701          * We do a txg_wait_synced() after each iteration to force the txg
5702          * to increase well beyond the last synced value in the uberblock.
5703          * The ZIL should be OK with that.
5704          */
5705         while (ztest_random(10) != 0 &&
5706             numloops++ < ztest_opts.zo_maxloops) {
5707                 ztest_dmu_write_parallel(zd, 0);
5708                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(zd, 0);
5709                 txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5710         }
5711 
5712         /*
5713          * Commit all of the changes we just generated.
5714          */
5715         zil_commit(zd->zd_zilog, 0);
5716         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5717 
5718         /*
5719          * Close our dataset and close the pool.
5720          */
5721         ztest_dataset_close(0);
5722         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5723         kernel_fini();
5724 
5725         /*
5726          * Open and close the pool and dataset to induce log replay.
5727          */
5728         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5729         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5730         ASSERT(spa_freeze_txg(spa) == UINT64_MAX);
5731         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ztest_dataset_open(0));
5732         ztest_dataset_close(0);
5733 
5734         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5735         ztest_spa = spa;
5736         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5737         ztest_reguid(NULL, 0);
5738 
5739         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5740         kernel_fini();
5741 }
5742 
5743 void
5744 print_time(hrtime_t t, char *timebuf)
5745 {
5746         hrtime_t s = t / NANOSEC;
5747         hrtime_t m = s / 60;
5748         hrtime_t h = m / 60;
5749         hrtime_t d = h / 24;
5750 
5751         s -= m * 60;
5752         m -= h * 60;
5753         h -= d * 24;
5754 
5755         timebuf[0] = '\0';
5756 
5757         if (d)
5758                 (void) sprintf(timebuf,
5759                     "%llud%02lluh%02llum%02llus", d, h, m, s);
5760         else if (h)
5761                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%lluh%02llum%02llus", h, m, s);
5762         else if (m)
5763                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%llum%02llus", m, s);
5764         else
5765                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%llus", s);
5766 }
5767 
5768 static nvlist_t *
5769 make_random_props()
5770 {
5771         nvlist_t *props;
5772 
5773         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
5774         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
5775                 return (props);
5776         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(props, "autoreplace", 1) == 0);
5777 
5778         return (props);
5779 }
5780 
5781 /*
5782  * Create a storage pool with the given name and initial vdev size.
5783  * Then test spa_freeze() functionality.
5784  */
5785 static void
5786 ztest_init(ztest_shared_t *zs)
5787 {
5788         spa_t *spa;
5789         nvlist_t *nvroot, *props;
5790 
5791         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&ztest_vdev_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5792         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&ztest_name_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5793 
5794         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5795 
5796         /*
5797          * Create the storage pool.
5798          */
5799         (void) spa_destroy(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5800         ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf = 0;
5801         zs->zs_splits = 0;
5802         zs->zs_mirrors = ztest_opts.zo_mirrors;
5803         nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, NULL, ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
5804             0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz, zs->zs_mirrors, 1);
5805         props = make_random_props();
5806         for (int i = 0; i < SPA_FEATURES; i++) {
5807                 char buf[1024];
5808                 (void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "feature@%s",
5809                     spa_feature_table[i].fi_uname);
5810                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, nvlist_add_uint64(props, buf, 0));
5811         }
5812         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_create(ztest_opts.zo_pool, nvroot, props, NULL));
5813         nvlist_free(nvroot);
5814 
5815         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5816         zs->zs_metaslab_sz =
5817             1ULL << spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[0]->vdev_ms_shift;
5818 
5819         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5820 
5821         kernel_fini();
5822 
5823         ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5824 
5825         ztest_freeze();
5826 
5827         ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5828 
5829         (void) rwlock_destroy(&ztest_name_lock);
5830         (void) _mutex_destroy(&ztest_vdev_lock);
5831 }
5832 
5833 static void
5834 setup_data_fd(void)
5835 {
5836         static char ztest_name_data[] = "/tmp/ztest.data.XXXXXX";
5837 
5838         ztest_fd_data = mkstemp(ztest_name_data);
5839         ASSERT3S(ztest_fd_data, >=, 0);
5840         (void) unlink(ztest_name_data);
5841 }
5842 
5843 
5844 static int
5845 shared_data_size(ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr)
5846 {
5847         int size;
5848 
5849         size = hdr->zh_hdr_size;
5850         size += hdr->zh_opts_size;
5851         size += hdr->zh_size;
5852         size += hdr->zh_stats_size * hdr->zh_stats_count;
5853         size += hdr->zh_ds_size * hdr->zh_ds_count;
5854 
5855         return (size);
5856 }
5857 
5858 static void
5859 setup_hdr(void)
5860 {
5861         int size;
5862         ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr;
5863 
5864         hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()),
5865             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ztest_fd_data, 0);
5866         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
5867 
5868         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ftruncate(ztest_fd_data, sizeof (ztest_shared_hdr_t)));
5869 
5870         hdr->zh_hdr_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_hdr_t);
5871         hdr->zh_opts_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_opts_t);
5872         hdr->zh_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_t);
5873         hdr->zh_stats_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_callstate_t);
5874         hdr->zh_stats_count = ZTEST_FUNCS;
5875         hdr->zh_ds_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_ds_t);
5876         hdr->zh_ds_count = ztest_opts.zo_datasets;
5877 
5878         size = shared_data_size(hdr);
5879         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ftruncate(ztest_fd_data, size));
5880 
5881         (void) munmap((caddr_t)hdr, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()));
5882 }
5883 
5884 static void
5885 setup_data(void)
5886 {
5887         int size, offset;
5888         ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr;
5889         uint8_t *buf;
5890 
5891         hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()),
5892             PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, ztest_fd_data, 0);
5893         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
5894 
5895         size = shared_data_size(hdr);
5896 
5897         (void) munmap((caddr_t)hdr, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()));
5898         hdr = ztest_shared_hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(size, getpagesize()),
5899             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ztest_fd_data, 0);
5900         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
5901         buf = (uint8_t *)hdr;
5902 
5903         offset = hdr->zh_hdr_size;
5904         ztest_shared_opts = (void *)&buf[offset];
5905         offset += hdr->zh_opts_size;
5906         ztest_shared = (void *)&buf[offset];
5907         offset += hdr->zh_size;
5908         ztest_shared_callstate = (void *)&buf[offset];
5909         offset += hdr->zh_stats_size * hdr->zh_stats_count;
5910         ztest_shared_ds = (void *)&buf[offset];
5911 }
5912 
5913 static boolean_t
5914 exec_child(char *cmd, char *libpath, boolean_t ignorekill, int *statusp)
5915 {
5916         pid_t pid;
5917         int status;
5918         char *cmdbuf = NULL;
5919 
5920         pid = fork();
5921 
5922         if (cmd == NULL) {
5923                 cmdbuf = umem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
5924                 (void) strlcpy(cmdbuf, getexecname(), MAXPATHLEN);
5925                 cmd = cmdbuf;
5926         }
5927 
5928         if (pid == -1)
5929                 fatal(1, "fork failed");
5930 
5931         if (pid == 0) { /* child */
5932                 char *emptyargv[2] = { cmd, NULL };
5933                 char fd_data_str[12];
5934 
5935                 struct rlimit rl = { 1024, 1024 };
5936                 (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
5937 
5938                 (void) close(ztest_fd_rand);
5939                 VERIFY3U(11, >=,
5940                     snprintf(fd_data_str, 12, "%d", ztest_fd_data));
5941                 VERIFY0(setenv("ZTEST_FD_DATA", fd_data_str, 1));
5942 
5943                 (void) enable_extended_FILE_stdio(-1, -1);
5944                 if (libpath != NULL)
5945                         VERIFY(0 == setenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", libpath, 1));
5946                 (void) execv(cmd, emptyargv);
5947                 ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
5948                 fatal(B_TRUE, "exec failed: %s", cmd);
5949         }
5950 
5951         if (cmdbuf != NULL) {
5952                 umem_free(cmdbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
5953                 cmd = NULL;
5954         }
5955 
5956         while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
5957                 continue;
5958         if (statusp != NULL)
5959                 *statusp = status;
5960 
5961         if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
5962                 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
5963                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "child exited with code %d\n",
5964                             WEXITSTATUS(status));
5965                         exit(2);
5966                 }
5967                 return (B_FALSE);
5968         } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
5969                 if (!ignorekill || WTERMSIG(status) != SIGKILL) {
5970                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "child died with signal %d\n",
5971                             WTERMSIG(status));
5972                         exit(3);
5973                 }
5974                 return (B_TRUE);
5975         } else {
5976                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "something strange happened to child\n");
5977                 exit(4);
5978                 /* NOTREACHED */
5979         }
5980 }
5981 
5982 static void
5983 ztest_run_init(void)
5984 {
5985         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
5986 
5987         ASSERT(ztest_opts.zo_init != 0);
5988 
5989         /*
5990          * Blow away any existing copy of zpool.cache
5991          */
5992         (void) remove(spa_config_path);
5993 
5994         /*
5995          * Create and initialize our storage pool.
5996          */
5997         for (int i = 1; i <= ztest_opts.zo_init; i++) {
5998                 bzero(zs, sizeof (ztest_shared_t));
5999                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3 &&
6000                     ztest_opts.zo_init != 1) {
6001                         (void) printf("ztest_init(), pass %d\n", i);
6002                 }
6003                 ztest_init(zs);
6004         }
6005 }
6006 
6007 int
6008 main(int argc, char **argv)
6009 {
6010         int kills = 0;
6011         int iters = 0;
6012         int older = 0;
6013         int newer = 0;
6014         ztest_shared_t *zs;
6015         ztest_info_t *zi;
6016         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc;
6017         char timebuf[100];
6018         char numbuf[6];
6019         spa_t *spa;
6020         char *cmd;
6021         boolean_t hasalt;
6022         char *fd_data_str = getenv("ZTEST_FD_DATA");
6023 
6024         (void) setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
6025 
6026         dprintf_setup(&argc, argv);
6027 
6028         ztest_fd_rand = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
6029         ASSERT3S(ztest_fd_rand, >=, 0);
6030 
6031         if (!fd_data_str) {
6032                 process_options(argc, argv);
6033 
6034                 setup_data_fd();
6035                 setup_hdr();
6036                 setup_data();
6037                 bcopy(&ztest_opts, ztest_shared_opts,
6038                     sizeof (*ztest_shared_opts));
6039         } else {
6040                 ztest_fd_data = atoi(fd_data_str);
6041                 setup_data();
6042                 bcopy(ztest_shared_opts, &ztest_opts, sizeof (ztest_opts));
6043         }
6044         ASSERT3U(ztest_opts.zo_datasets, ==, ztest_shared_hdr->zh_ds_count);
6045 
6046         /* Override location of zpool.cache */
6047         VERIFY3U(asprintf((char **)&spa_config_path, "%s/zpool.cache",
6048             ztest_opts.zo_dir), !=, -1);
6049 
6050         ztest_ds = umem_alloc(ztest_opts.zo_datasets * sizeof (ztest_ds_t),
6051             UMEM_NOFAIL);
6052         zs = ztest_shared;
6053 
6054         if (fd_data_str) {
6055                 metaslab_gang_bang = ztest_opts.zo_metaslab_gang_bang;
6056                 metaslab_df_alloc_threshold =
6057                     zs->zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
6058 
6059                 if (zs->zs_do_init)
6060                         ztest_run_init();
6061                 else
6062                         ztest_run(zs);
6063                 exit(0);
6064         }
6065 
6066         hasalt = (strlen(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest) != 0);
6067 
6068         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6069                 (void) printf("%llu vdevs, %d datasets, %d threads,"
6070                     " %llu seconds...\n",
6071                     (u_longlong_t)ztest_opts.zo_vdevs,
6072                     ztest_opts.zo_datasets,
6073                     ztest_opts.zo_threads,
6074                     (u_longlong_t)ztest_opts.zo_time);
6075         }
6076 
6077         cmd = umem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
6078         (void) strlcpy(cmd, getexecname(), MAXNAMELEN);
6079 
6080         zs->zs_do_init = B_TRUE;
6081         if (strlen(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest) != 0) {
6082                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6083                         (void) printf("Executing older ztest for "
6084                             "initialization: %s\n", ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
6085                 }
6086                 VERIFY(!exec_child(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest,
6087                     ztest_opts.zo_alt_libpath, B_FALSE, NULL));
6088         } else {
6089                 VERIFY(!exec_child(NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, NULL));
6090         }
6091         zs->zs_do_init = B_FALSE;
6092 
6093         zs->zs_proc_start = gethrtime();
6094         zs->zs_proc_stop = zs->zs_proc_start + ztest_opts.zo_time * NANOSEC;
6095 
6096         for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
6097                 zi = &ztest_info[f];
6098                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
6099                 if (zs->zs_proc_start + zi->zi_interval[0] > zs->zs_proc_stop)
6100                         zc->zc_next = UINT64_MAX;
6101                 else
6102                         zc->zc_next = zs->zs_proc_start +
6103                             ztest_random(2 * zi->zi_interval[0] + 1);
6104         }
6105 
6106         /*
6107          * Run the tests in a loop.  These tests include fault injection
6108          * to verify that self-healing data works, and forced crashes
6109          * to verify that we never lose on-disk consistency.
6110          */
6111         while (gethrtime() < zs->zs_proc_stop) {
6112                 int status;
6113                 boolean_t killed;
6114 
6115                 /*
6116                  * Initialize the workload counters for each function.
6117                  */
6118                 for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
6119                         zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
6120                         zc->zc_count = 0;
6121                         zc->zc_time = 0;
6122                 }
6123 
6124                 /* Set the allocation switch size */
6125                 zs->zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold =
6126                     ztest_random(zs->zs_metaslab_sz / 4) + 1;
6127 
6128                 if (!hasalt || ztest_random(2) == 0) {
6129                         if (hasalt && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6130                                 (void) printf("Executing newer ztest: %s\n",
6131                                     cmd);
6132                         }
6133                         newer++;
6134                         killed = exec_child(cmd, NULL, B_TRUE, &status);
6135                 } else {
6136                         if (hasalt && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6137                                 (void) printf("Executing older ztest: %s\n",
6138                                     ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
6139                         }
6140                         older++;
6141                         killed = exec_child(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest,
6142                             ztest_opts.zo_alt_libpath, B_TRUE, &status);
6143                 }
6144 
6145                 if (killed)
6146                         kills++;
6147                 iters++;
6148 
6149                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6150                         hrtime_t now = gethrtime();
6151 
6152                         now = MIN(now, zs->zs_proc_stop);
6153                         print_time(zs->zs_proc_stop - now, timebuf);
6154                         nicenum(zs->zs_space, numbuf);
6155 
6156                         (void) printf("Pass %3d, %8s, %3llu ENOSPC, "
6157                             "%4.1f%% of %5s used, %3.0f%% done, %8s to go\n",
6158                             iters,
6159                             WIFEXITED(status) ? "Complete" : "SIGKILL",
6160                             (u_longlong_t)zs->zs_enospc_count,
6161                             100.0 * zs->zs_alloc / zs->zs_space,
6162                             numbuf,
6163                             100.0 * (now - zs->zs_proc_start) /
6164                             (ztest_opts.zo_time * NANOSEC), timebuf);
6165                 }
6166 
6167                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 2) {
6168                         (void) printf("\nWorkload summary:\n\n");
6169                         (void) printf("%7s %9s   %s\n",
6170                             "Calls", "Time", "Function");
6171                         (void) printf("%7s %9s   %s\n",
6172                             "-----", "----", "--------");
6173                         for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
6174                                 Dl_info dli;
6175 
6176                                 zi = &ztest_info[f];
6177                                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
6178                                 print_time(zc->zc_time, timebuf);
6179                                 (void) dladdr((void *)zi->zi_func, &dli);
6180                                 (void) printf("%7llu %9s   %s\n",
6181                                     (u_longlong_t)zc->zc_count, timebuf,
6182                                     dli.dli_sname);
6183                         }
6184                         (void) printf("\n");
6185                 }
6186 
6187                 /*
6188                  * It's possible that we killed a child during a rename test,
6189                  * in which case we'll have a 'ztest_tmp' pool lying around
6190                  * instead of 'ztest'.  Do a blind rename in case this happened.
6191                  */
6192                 kernel_init(FREAD);
6193                 if (spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG) == 0) {
6194                         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
6195                 } else {
6196                         char tmpname[MAXNAMELEN];
6197                         kernel_fini();
6198                         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
6199                         (void) snprintf(tmpname, sizeof (tmpname), "%s_tmp",
6200                             ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6201                         (void) spa_rename(tmpname, ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6202                 }
6203                 kernel_fini();
6204 
6205                 ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6206         }
6207 
6208         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6209                 if (hasalt) {
6210                         (void) printf("%d runs of older ztest: %s\n", older,
6211                             ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
6212                         (void) printf("%d runs of newer ztest: %s\n", newer,
6213                             cmd);
6214                 }
6215                 (void) printf("%d killed, %d completed, %.0f%% kill rate\n",
6216                     kills, iters - kills, (100.0 * kills) / MAX(1, iters));
6217         }
6218 
6219         umem_free(cmd, MAXNAMELEN);
6220 
6221         return (0);
6222 }