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In the event of any discrepancy 20 .\" between these versions and the original IEEE and The Open Group 21 .\" Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee 22 .\" document. 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All Rights Reserved 46 .\" 47 .TH CUT 1 "Apr 29, 1999" 48 .SH NAME 49 cut \- cut out selected fields of each line of a file 50 .SH SYNOPSIS 51 .LP 52 .nf 53 \fBcut\fR \fB-b\fR \fIlist\fR [\fB-n\fR] [\fIfile\fR]... 54 .fi 55 56 .LP 57 .nf 58 \fBcut\fR \fB-c\fR \fIlist\fR [\fIfile\fR]... 59 .fi 60 61 .LP 62 .nf 63 \fBcut\fR \fB-f\fR \fIlist\fR [\fB-d\fR \fIdelim\fR] [\fB-s\fR] [\fIfile\fR]... 64 .fi 65 66 .SH DESCRIPTION 67 .sp 68 .LP 69 Use the \fBcut\fR utility to cut out columns from a table or fields from each 70 line of a file; in data base parlance, it implements the projection of a 71 relation. The fields as specified by \fIlist\fR can be fixed length, that is, 72 character positions as on a punched card (\fB-c\fR option) or the length can 73 vary from line to line and be marked with a field delimiter character like TAB 74 (\fB-f\fR option). \fBcut\fR can be used as a filter. 75 .sp 76 .LP 77 Either the \fB-b\fR, \fB-c\fR, or \fB-f\fR option must be specified. 78 .sp 79 .LP 80 Use \fBgrep\fR(1) to make horizontal ``cuts'' (by context) through a file, or 81 \fBpaste\fR(1) to put files together column-wise (that is, horizontally). To 82 reorder columns in a table, use \fBcut\fR and \fBpaste\fR. 83 .SH OPTIONS 84 .sp 85 .LP 86 The following options are supported: 87 .sp 88 .ne 2 89 .na 90 \fB\fIlist\fR \fR 91 .ad 92 .RS 13n 93 A comma-separated or blank-character-separated list of integer field numbers 94 (in increasing order), with optional \fB\(mi\fR to indicate ranges (for 95 instance, \fB1,4,7\fR; \fB1\(mi3,8\fR; \fB\(mi5,10\fR (short for 96 \fB1\(mi5,10\fR); or \fB3\(mi\fR (short for third through last field)). 97 .RE 98 99 .sp 100 .ne 2 101 .na 102 \fB\fB\fR\fB-b\fR \fIlist\fR \fR 103 .ad 104 .RS 13n 105 The \fIlist\fR following \fB-b\fR specifies byte positions (for instance, 106 \fB-b1\fR\fB-72\fR would pass the first 72 bytes of each line). When \fB-b\fR 107 and \fB-n\fR are used together, \fIlist\fR is adjusted so that no multi-byte 108 character is split. 109 .RE 110 111 .sp 112 .ne 2 113 .na 114 \fB\fB\fR\fB-c\fR \fIlist\fR \fR 115 .ad 116 .RS 13n 117 The \fIlist\fR following \fB-c\fR specifies character positions (for instance, 118 \fB-c1\fR\fB-72\fR would pass the first 72 characters of each line). 119 .RE 120 121 .sp 122 .ne 2 123 .na 124 \fB\fB\fR\fB-d\fR \fIdelim\fR \fR 125 .ad 126 .RS 13n 127 The character following \fB-d\fR is the field delimiter (\fB-f\fR option only). 128 Default is \fItab\fR. Space or other characters with special meaning to the 129 shell must be quoted. \fIdelim\fR can be a multi-byte character. 130 .RE 131 132 .sp 133 .ne 2 134 .na 135 \fB\fB\fR\fB-f\fR \fIlist\fR \fR 136 .ad 137 .RS 13n 138 The \fIlist\fR following \fB-f\fR is a list of fields assumed to be separated 139 in the file by a delimiter character (see \fB-d\fR ); for instance, 140 \fB-f1\fR\fB,7\fR copies the first and seventh field only. Lines with no field 141 delimiters will be passed through intact (useful for table subheadings), unless 142 \fB-s\fR is specified. 143 .RE 144 145 .sp 146 .ne 2 147 .na 148 \fB\fB-n\fR \fR 149 .ad 150 .RS 13n 151 Do not split characters. When \fB-b\fR \fIlist\fR and \fB-n\fR are used 152 together, \fIlist\fR is adjusted so that no multi-byte character is split. 153 .RE 154 155 .sp 156 .ne 2 157 .na 158 \fB\fB-s\fR \fR 159 .ad 160 .RS 13n 161 Suppresses lines with no delimiter characters in case of \fB-f\fR option. 162 Unless specified, lines with no delimiters will be passed through untouched. 163 .RE 164 165 .SH OPERANDS 166 .sp 167 .LP 168 The following operands are supported: 169 .sp 170 .ne 2 171 .na 172 \fB\fIfile\fR \fR 173 .ad 174 .RS 9n 175 A path name of an input file. If no \fIfile\fR operands are specified, or if a 176 \fIfile\fR operand is \fB\(mi\fR, the standard input will be used. 177 .RE 178 179 .SH USAGE 180 .sp 181 .LP 182 See \fBlargefile\fR(5) for the description of the behavior of \fBcut\fR when 183 encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte (2^31 bytes). 184 .SH EXAMPLES 185 .LP 186 \fBExample 1 \fRMapping user IDs 187 .sp 188 .LP 189 A mapping of user \fBIDs\fR to names follows: 190 191 .sp 192 .in +2 193 .nf 194 example% \fBcut -d: -f1,5 /etc/passwd\fR 195 .fi 196 .in -2 197 .sp 198 199 .LP 200 \fBExample 2 \fRSetting current login name 201 .sp 202 .LP 203 To set \fBname\fR to current login name: 204 205 .sp 206 .in +2 207 .nf 208 example$ \fBname=\(gawho am i | cut -f1 -d' '\(ga\fR 209 .fi 210 .in -2 211 .sp 212 213 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 214 .sp 215 .LP 216 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables 217 that affect the execution of \fBcut\fR: \fBLANG\fR, \fBLC_ALL\fR, 218 \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR. 219 .SH EXIT STATUS 220 .sp 221 .LP 222 The following exit values are returned: 223 .sp 224 .ne 2 225 .na 226 \fB\fB0\fR \fR 227 .ad 228 .RS 7n 229 All input files were output successfully. 230 .RE 231 232 .sp 233 .ne 2 234 .na 235 \fB\fB>0\fR \fR 236 .ad 237 .RS 7n 238 An error occurred. 239 .RE 240 241 .SH ATTRIBUTES 242 .sp 243 .LP 244 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: 245 .sp 246 247 .sp 248 .TS 249 box; 250 c | c 251 l | l . 252 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE 253 _ 254 CSI Enabled 255 _ 256 Interface Stability Standard 257 .TE 258 259 .SH SEE ALSO 260 .sp 261 .LP 262 \fBgrep\fR(1), \fBpaste\fR(1), \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBenviron\fR(5), 263 \fBlargefile\fR(5), \fBstandards\fR(5) 264 .SH DIAGNOSTICS 265 .sp 266 .ne 2 267 .na 268 \fB\fBcut: \fR\fB-n\fR\fB may only be used with \fR\fB-b\fR \fR 269 .ad 270 .sp .6 271 .RS 4n 272 273 .RE 274 275 .sp 276 .ne 2 277 .na 278 \fB\fBcut: \fR\fB-d\fR\fB may only be used with \fR\fB-f\fR \fR 279 .ad 280 .sp .6 281 .RS 4n 282 283 .RE 284 285 .sp 286 .ne 2 287 .na 288 \fB\fBcut: \fR\fB-s\fR\fB may only be used with \fR\fB-f\fR \fR 289 .ad 290 .sp .6 291 .RS 4n 292 293 .RE 294 295 .sp 296 .ne 2 297 .na 298 \fB\fBcut: cannot open \fR\fI<file>\fR \fR 299 .ad 300 .sp .6 301 .RS 4n 302 Either \fIfile\fR cannot be read or does not exist. If multiple files are 303 present, processing continues. 304 .RE 305 306 .sp 307 .ne 2 308 .na 309 \fB\fBcut: no delimiter specified\fR \fR 310 .ad 311 .sp .6 312 .RS 4n 313 Missing \fIdelim\fR on \fB-d\fR option. 314 .RE 315 316 .sp 317 .ne 2 318 .na 319 \fB\fBcut: invalid delimiter\fR \fR 320 .ad 321 .sp .6 322 .RS 4n 323 324 .RE 325 326 .sp 327 .ne 2 328 .na 329 \fB\fBcut: no \fIlist\fR\fR\fB specified\fR \fR 330 .ad 331 .sp .6 332 .RS 4n 333 Missing \fIlist\fR on \fB-b\fR, \fB-c\fR, or \fB-f\fR option. 334 .RE 335 336 .sp 337 .ne 2 338 .na 339 \fB\fBcut: invalid range specifier\fR \fR 340 .ad 341 .sp .6 342 .RS 4n 343 344 .RE 345 346 .sp 347 .ne 2 348 .na 349 \fB\fBcut: too many ranges specified\fR \fR 350 .ad 351 .sp .6 352 .RS 4n 353 354 .RE 355 356 .sp 357 .ne 2 358 .na 359 \fB\fBcut: range must be increasing\fR \fR 360 .ad 361 .sp .6 362 .RS 4n 363 364 .RE 365 366 .sp 367 .ne 2 368 .na 369 \fB\fBcut: invalid character in range\fR \fR 370 .ad 371 .sp .6 372 .RS 4n 373 374 .RE 375 376 .sp 377 .ne 2 378 .na 379 \fB\fBcut: internal error processing input\fR \fR 380 .ad 381 .sp .6 382 .RS 4n 383 384 .RE 385 386 .sp 387 .ne 2 388 .na 389 \fB\fBcut: invalid multibyte character\fR \fR 390 .ad 391 .sp .6 392 .RS 4n 393 394 .RE 395 396 .sp 397 .ne 2 398 .na 399 \fB\fBcut: unable to allocate enough memory\fR \fR 400 .ad 401 .sp .6 402 .RS 4n 403 404 .RE 405