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All Rights Reserved. 45 .\" 46 .TH SOCKET.H 3HEAD "Jun 18, 2017" 47 .SH NAME 48 socket.h, socket \- Internet Protocol family 49 .SH SYNOPSIS 50 .LP 51 .nf 52 \fB#include <sys/socket.h>\fR 53 .fi 54 55 .SH DESCRIPTION 56 .LP 57 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the unsigned integral type 58 \fBsa_family_t\fR through \fBtypedef\fR. 59 .sp 60 .LP 61 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the \fBsockaddr\fR structure that 62 includes the following members: 63 .sp 64 .in +2 65 .nf 66 sa_family_t sa_family /* address family */ 67 char sa_data[] /* socket address (variable-length 68 data) */ 69 .fi 70 .in -2 71 72 .SS "\fBlibxnet\fR Interfaces" 73 .LP 74 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the \fBmsghdr\fR structure for 75 \fBlibxnet\fR interfaces that includes the following members: 76 .sp 77 .in +2 78 .nf 79 void *msg_name /* optional address */ 80 socklen_t msg_namelen /* size of address */ 81 struct iovec *msg_iov /* scatter/gather array */ 82 int msg_iovlen /* members in msg_iov */ 83 void *msg_control /* ancillary data, see below */ 84 socklen_t msg_controllen /* ancillary data buffer len */ 85 int msg_flags /* flags on received message */ 86 .fi 87 .in -2 88 89 .sp 90 .LP 91 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the \fBcmsghdr\fR structure for 92 \fBlibxnet\fR that includes the following members: 93 .sp 94 .in +2 95 .nf 96 socklen_t cmsg_len /* data byte count, including hdr */ 97 int cmsg_level /* originating protocol */ 98 int cmsg_type /* protocol-specific type */ 99 .fi 100 .in -2 101 102 .sp 103 .LP 104 Ancillary data consists of a sequence of pairs, each consisting of a 105 \fBcmsghdr\fR structure followed by a data array. The data array contains the 106 ancillary data message, and the \fBcmsghdr\fR structure contains descriptive 107 information that allows an application to correctly parse the data. 108 .sp 109 .LP 110 The values for \fBcmsg_level\fR will be legal values for the level argument to 111 the \fBgetsockopt()\fR and \fBsetsockopt()\fR functions. The \fBSCM_RIGHTS\fR 112 type is supported for level \fBSOL_SOCKET\fR. 113 .sp 114 .LP 115 Ancillary data is also possible at the socket level. The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR 116 header defines the following macros for use as the \fBcmsg_type\fR values when 117 \fBcmsg_level\fR is \fBSOL_SOCKET\fR. 118 .sp 119 .ne 2 120 .na 121 \fB\fBSCM_RIGHTS\fR\fR 122 .ad 123 .RS 14n 124 Indicates that the data array contains the access rights to be sent or 125 received. 126 .RE 127 128 .sp 129 .ne 2 130 .na 131 \fB\fBSCM_UCRED\fR\fR 132 .ad 133 .RS 14n 134 Indicates that the data array contains a \fBucred_t\fR to be received. The 135 \fBucred_t\fR is the credential of the sending process at the time the message 136 was sent. This is a Sun-specific, Evolving interface. See \fBucred_get\fR(3C). 137 .RE 138 139 .sp 140 .LP 141 The IPv4 data formats generally use the same values for data passed back in 142 \fBcmsghdr\fR as for \fBsetsockopt()\fR to enable the feature. The IPv4 data 143 formats are listed below with the associated payload for each. 144 .sp 145 .ne 2 146 .na 147 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IP\fR\fR 148 .ad 149 .br 150 .na 151 \fB\fBIP_RECVDSTADDR\fR\fR 152 .ad 153 .sp .6 154 .RS 4n 155 \fBipaddr_t\fR, IP address 156 .RE 157 158 .sp 159 .ne 2 160 .na 161 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IP\fR\fR 162 .ad 163 .br 164 .na 165 \fB\fBIP_RECVOPTS\fR\fR 166 .ad 167 .sp .6 168 .RS 4n 169 variable-length IP options, up to 40 bytes 170 .RE 171 172 .sp 173 .ne 2 174 .na 175 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IP\fR\fR 176 .ad 177 .br 178 .na 179 \fB\fBIP_RECVIF\fR\fR 180 .ad 181 .sp .6 182 .RS 4n 183 \fBuint_t\fR, \fBifIndex\fR number 184 .RE 185 186 .sp 187 .ne 2 188 .na 189 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IP\fR\fR 190 .ad 191 .br 192 .na 193 \fB\fBIP_RECVSLLA\fR\fR 194 .ad 195 .sp .6 196 .RS 4n 197 \fBstruct sockaddr_dl\fR, link layer address 198 .RE 199 200 .sp 201 .ne 2 202 .na 203 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IP\fR\fR 204 .ad 205 .br 206 .na 207 \fB\fBIP_RECVTTL\fR\fR 208 .ad 209 .sp .6 210 .RS 4n 211 \fBuint8_t\fR 212 .RE 213 214 .sp 215 .ne 2 216 .na 217 \fB\fBSOL_SOCKET\fR\fR 218 .ad 219 .br 220 .na 221 \fB\fBSO_RECVUCRED\fR\fR 222 .ad 223 .sp .6 224 .RS 4n 225 \fBucred_t\fR \(em \fBcmsghdr.cmsg_type\fR is \fBSCM_UCRED\fR, not 226 \fBSO_RECVUCRED\fR 227 .RE 228 229 .sp 230 .LP 231 The IPv6 data formats use different values for enabling the option and for 232 passing the value back to the application. The IPv6 data formats are listed 233 below with the associated payload for each. 234 .sp 235 .ne 2 236 .na 237 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 238 .ad 239 .br 240 .na 241 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVPKTINFO\fR\fR 242 .ad 243 .sp .6 244 .RS 4n 245 \fBin_pktinfo\fR, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_PKTINFO\fR 246 .RE 247 248 .sp 249 .ne 2 250 .na 251 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 252 .ad 253 .br 254 .na 255 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVTCLASS\fR\fR 256 .ad 257 .sp .6 258 .RS 4n 259 \fBuint_t\fR, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_TCLASS\fR 260 .RE 261 262 .sp 263 .ne 2 264 .na 265 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 266 .ad 267 .br 268 .na 269 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVPATHMTU\fR\fR 270 .ad 271 .sp .6 272 .RS 4n 273 \fBip6_mtuinfo\fR, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_PATHMTU\fR 274 .RE 275 276 .sp 277 .ne 2 278 .na 279 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 280 .ad 281 .br 282 .na 283 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT\fR\fR 284 .ad 285 .sp .6 286 .RS 4n 287 \fBuint_t\fR, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_HOPLIMIT\fR 288 .RE 289 290 .sp 291 .ne 2 292 .na 293 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 294 .ad 295 .br 296 .na 297 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVHOPOPTS\fR\fR 298 .ad 299 .sp .6 300 .RS 4n 301 variable-length IPv6 options, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_HOPOPTS\fR 302 .RE 303 304 .sp 305 .ne 2 306 .na 307 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 308 .ad 309 .br 310 .na 311 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVDSTOPTS\fR\fR 312 .ad 313 .sp .6 314 .RS 4n 315 variable-length IPv6 options, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_DSTOPTS\fR 316 .RE 317 318 .sp 319 .ne 2 320 .na 321 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 322 .ad 323 .br 324 .na 325 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVRTHDR\fR\fR 326 .ad 327 .sp .6 328 .RS 4n 329 variable-length IPv6 options, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_RTHDR\fR 330 .RE 331 332 .sp 333 .ne 2 334 .na 335 \fB\fBIPPROTO_IPV6\fR\fR 336 .ad 337 .br 338 .na 339 \fB\fBIPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS\fR\fR 340 .ad 341 .sp .6 342 .RS 4n 343 variable-length IPv6 options, \fBcmsg_type\fR \fBIPV6_DSTOPTS\fR 344 .RE 345 346 .sp 347 .LP 348 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros to gain access to 349 the data arrays in the ancillary data associated with a message header: 350 .sp 351 .ne 2 352 .na 353 \fB\fBCMSG_DATA(\fR\fIcmsg\fR)\fR 354 .ad 355 .sp .6 356 .RS 4n 357 If the argument is a pointer to a \fBcmsghdr\fR structure, this macro returns 358 an unsigned character pointer to the data array associated with the 359 \fBcmsghdr\fR structure. 360 .RE 361 362 .sp 363 .ne 2 364 .na 365 \fB\fBCMSG_NXTHDR(\fR\fImhdr\fR, \fIcmsg\fR)\fR 366 .ad 367 .sp .6 368 .RS 4n 369 If the first argument is a pointer to a \fBmsghdr\fR structure and the second 370 argument is a pointer to a \fBcmsghdr\fR structure in the ancillary data, 371 pointed to by the \fBmsg_control\fR field of that \fBmsghdr\fR structure, this 372 macro returns a pointer to the next \fBcmsghdr\fR structure, or a null pointer 373 if this structure is the last \fBcmsghdr\fR in the ancillary data. 374 .RE 375 376 .sp 377 .ne 2 378 .na 379 \fB\fBCMSG_FIRSTHDR(\fR\fImhdr\fR)\fR 380 .ad 381 .sp .6 382 .RS 4n 383 If the argument is a pointer to a \fBmsghdr\fR structure, this macro returns a 384 pointer to the first \fBcmsghdr\fR structure in the ancillary data associated 385 with this \fBmsghdr\fR structure, or a null pointer if there is no ancillary 386 data associated with the \fBmsghdr\fR structure. 387 .RE 388 389 .sp 390 .ne 2 391 .na 392 \fB\fBCMSG_SPACE\fR(\fIlen\fR)\fR 393 .ad 394 .sp .6 395 .RS 4n 396 Given the length of an ancillary data object, \fBCMSG_SPACE()\fR returns the 397 space required by the object and its \fBcmsghdr\fR structure, including any 398 padding needed to satisfy alignment requirements. This macro can be used, for 399 example, to allocate space dynamically for the ancillary data. This macro 400 should not be used to initialize the \fBcmsg_len\fR member of a \fBcmsghdr\fR 401 structure. Use the \fBCMSG_LEN()\fR macro instead. 402 .RE 403 404 .sp 405 .ne 2 406 .na 407 \fB\fBCMSG_LEN\fR(\fIlen\fR)\fR 408 .ad 409 .sp .6 410 .RS 4n 411 Given the length of an ancillary data object, \fBCMSG_LEN()\fR returns the 412 value to store in the cmsg_len member of the \fBcmsghdr\fR structure, taking 413 into account any padding needed to satisfy alignment requirements. 414 .RE 415 416 .sp 417 .LP 418 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the \fBlinger\fR structure that 419 includes the following members: 420 .sp 421 .in +2 422 .nf 423 int l_onoff /* indicates whether linger option is enabled */ 424 int l_linger /* linger time, in seconds */ 425 .fi 426 .in -2 427 428 .sp 429 .LP 430 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros: 431 .sp 432 .ne 2 433 .na 434 \fB\fBSOCK_DGRAM\fR\fR 435 .ad 436 .RS 18n 437 Datagram socket 438 .RE 439 440 .sp 441 .ne 2 442 .na 443 \fB\fBSOCK_STREAM\fR\fR 444 .ad 445 .RS 18n 446 Byte-stream socket 447 .RE 448 449 .sp 450 .ne 2 451 .na 452 \fB\fBSOCK_SEQPACKET\fR\fR 453 .ad 454 .RS 18n 455 Sequenced-packet socket 456 .RE 457 458 .sp 459 .LP 460 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros for use as the 461 \fIlevel\fR argument of \fBsetsockopt()\fR and \fBgetsockopt()\fR. 462 .sp 463 .ne 2 464 .na 465 \fB\fBSOL_SOCKET\fR\fR 466 .ad 467 .RS 14n 468 Options to be accessed at the socket level, not the protocol level. 469 .RE 470 471 .sp 472 .ne 2 473 .na 474 \fB\fBSOL_ROUTE\fR\fR 475 .ad 476 .RS 14n 477 Options to be accessed at the routing socket level, not the protocol level. 478 .RE 479 480 .sp 481 .LP 482 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros for use as the 483 \fIoption_name\fR argument of \fBgetsockopt()\fR or \fBsetsockopt()\fR calls: 484 .sp 485 .ne 2 486 .na 487 \fB\fBSO_DEBUG\fR\fR 488 .ad 489 .RS 17n 490 Debugging information is being recorded. 491 .RE 492 493 .sp 494 .ne 2 495 .na 496 \fB\fBSO_ACCEPTCONN\fR\fR 497 .ad 498 .RS 17n 499 Socket is accepting connections. 500 .RE 501 502 .sp 503 .ne 2 504 .na 505 \fB\fBSO_BROADCAST\fR\fR 506 .ad 507 .RS 17n 508 Transmission of broadcast messages is supported. 509 .RE 510 511 .sp 512 .ne 2 513 .na 514 \fB\fBSO_REUSEADDR\fR\fR 515 .ad 516 .RS 17n 517 Reuse of local addresses is supported. 518 .RE 519 520 .sp 521 .ne 2 522 .na 523 \fB\fBSO_KEEPALIVE\fR\fR 524 .ad 525 .RS 17n 526 Connections are kept alive with periodic messages. 527 .RE 528 529 .sp 530 .ne 2 531 .na 532 \fB\fBSO_LINGER\fR\fR 533 .ad 534 .RS 17n 535 Socket lingers on close. 536 .RE 537 538 .sp 539 .ne 2 540 .na 541 \fB\fBSO_OOBINLINE\fR\fR 542 .ad 543 .RS 17n 544 Out-of-band data is transmitted in line. 545 .RE 546 547 .sp 548 .ne 2 549 .na 550 \fB\fBSO_SNDBUF\fR\fR 551 .ad 552 .RS 17n 553 Send buffer size. 554 .RE 555 556 .sp 557 .ne 2 558 .na 559 \fB\fBSO_RCVBUF\fR\fR 560 .ad 561 .RS 17n 562 Receive buffer size. 563 .RE 564 565 .sp 566 .ne 2 567 .na 568 \fB\fBSO_ERROR\fR\fR 569 .ad 570 .RS 17n 571 Socket error status. 572 .RE 573 574 .sp 575 .ne 2 576 .na 577 \fB\fBSO_TYPE\fR\fR 578 .ad 579 .RS 17n 580 Socket type. 581 .RE 582 583 .sp 584 .ne 2 585 .na 586 \fB\fBSO_RECVUCRED\fR\fR 587 .ad 588 .RS 17n 589 Request the reception of user credential ancillary data. This is a 590 Sun-specific, Evolving interface. See \fBucred_get\fR(3C). 591 .RE 592 593 .sp 594 .ne 2 595 .na 596 \fB\fBSO_MAC_EXEMPT\fR\fR 597 .ad 598 .RS 17n 599 Mandatory Access Control (\fBMAC\fR) exemption for unlabeled peers. This option 600 is available only if the system is configured with Trusted Extensions. 601 .RE 602 603 .sp 604 .ne 2 605 .na 606 \fB\fBSO_ALLZONES\fR\fR 607 .ad 608 .RS 17n 609 Bypass zone boundaries (privileged). 610 .RE 611 612 .sp 613 .LP 614 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros for use as the 615 valid values for the \fBmsg_flags\fR field in the \fBmsghdr\fR structure, or 616 the flags parameter in \fBrecvfrom()\fR, \fBrecvmsg()\fR, \fBsendto()\fR, or 617 \fBsendmsg()\fR calls: 618 .sp 619 .ne 2 620 .na 621 \fB\fBMSG_CTRUNC\fR\fR 622 .ad 623 .RS 15n 624 Control data truncated. 625 .RE 626 627 .sp 628 .ne 2 629 .na 630 \fB\fBMSG_EOR\fR\fR 631 .ad 632 .RS 15n 633 Terminates a record (if supported by the protocol). 634 .RE 635 636 .sp 637 .ne 2 638 .na 639 \fB\fBMSG_OOB\fR\fR 640 .ad 641 .RS 15n 642 Out-of-band data. 643 .RE 644 645 .sp 646 .ne 2 647 .na 648 \fB\fBMSG_PEEK\fR\fR 649 .ad 650 .RS 15n 651 Leave received data in queue. 652 .RE 653 654 .sp 655 .ne 2 656 .na 657 \fB\fBMSG_TRUNC\fR\fR 658 .ad 659 .RS 15n 660 Normal data truncated. 661 .RE 662 663 .sp 664 .ne 2 665 .na 666 \fB\fBMSG_WAITALL\fR\fR 667 .ad 668 .RS 15n 669 Wait for complete message. 670 .RE 671 672 .sp 673 .ne 2 674 .na 675 \fB\fBMSG_NOSIGNAL\fR\fR 676 .ad 677 .RS 15n 678 Do not generate \fBSIGPIPE\fR signal. 679 .RE 680 681 .sp 682 .LP 683 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros: 684 .sp 685 .ne 2 686 .na 687 \fB\fBAF_UNIX\fR\fR 688 .ad 689 .RS 11n 690 UNIX domain sockets 691 .RE 692 693 .sp 694 .ne 2 695 .na 696 \fB\fBAF_INET\fR\fR 697 .ad 698 .RS 11n 699 Internet domain sockets 700 .RE 701 702 .sp 703 .LP 704 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the following macros: 705 .sp 706 .ne 2 707 .na 708 \fB\fBSHUT_RD\fR\fR 709 .ad 710 .RS 13n 711 Disables further receive operations. 712 .RE 713 714 .sp 715 .ne 2 716 .na 717 \fB\fBSHUT_WR\fR\fR 718 .ad 719 .RS 13n 720 Disables further send operations. 721 .RE 722 723 .sp 724 .ne 2 725 .na 726 \fB\fBSHUT_RDWR\fR\fR 727 .ad 728 .RS 13n 729 Disables further send and receive operations. 730 .RE 731 732 .SS "\fBlibsocket\fR Interfaces" 733 .LP 734 The \fB<sys/socket.h>\fR header defines the \fBmsghdr\fR structure for 735 \fBlibsocket\fR interfaces that includes the following members: 736 .sp 737 .in +2 738 .nf 739 void *msg_name /* optional address */ 740 socklen_t msg_namelen /* size of address */ 741 struct iovec *msg_iov /* scatter/gather array */ 742 int msg_iovlen /* # elements in msg_iov */ 743 caddr_t msg_accrights /* access rights sent/received */ 744 .fi 745 .in -2 746 747 .sp 748 .LP 749 The \fImsg_name\fR and \fImsg_namelen\fR parameters specify the destination 750 address when the socket is unconnected The \fImsg_name\fR can be specified as a 751 \fINULL\fR pointer if no names are desired or required. The \fImsg_iov\fR and 752 \fImsg_iovlen\fR parameters describe the scatter-gather locations, as described 753 in \fBread\fR(2). The \fImsg_accrights\fR parameter specifies the buffer in 754 which access rights sent along with the message are received. The 755 \fImsg_accrightslen\fR specifies the length of the buffer. 756 .SH ATTRIBUTES 757 .LP 758 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: 759 .sp 760 761 .sp 762 .TS 763 box; 764 c | c 765 l | l . 766 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE 767 _ 768 Interface Stability Standard 769 .TE 770 771 .SH SEE ALSO 772 .LP 773 \fBaccept\fR(3SOCKET), \fBaccept\fR(3XNET), \fBbind\fR(3SOCKET), 774 \fBbind\fR(3XNET), \fBconnect\fR(3SOCKET), \fBconnect\fR(3XNET), 775 \fBgetpeername\fR(3SOCKET), \fBgetpeername\fR(3XNET), \fBgetpeerucred\fR(3C), 776 \fBgetsockname\fR(3SOCKET), \fBgetsockname\fR(3XNET), 777 \fBgetsockopt\fR(3SOCKET), \fBgetsockopt\fR(3XNET), \fBlibsocket\fR(3LIB), 778 \fBlisten\fR(3SOCKET), \fBlisten\fR(3XNET), \fBrecv\fR(3SOCKET), 779 \fBrecv\fR(3XNET), \fBrecvfrom\fR(3SOCKET), \fBrecvfrom\fR(3XNET), 780 \fBrecvmsg\fR(3SOCKET), \fBrecvmsg\fR(3XNET), \fBsend\fR(3SOCKET), 781 \fBsend\fR(3XNET), \fBsendmsg\fR(3SOCKET), \fBsendmsg\fR(3XNET), 782 \fBsendto\fR(3SOCKET), \fBsendto\fR(3XNET), \fBsetsockopt\fR(3SOCKET), 783 \fBsetsockopt\fR(3XNET), \fBshutdown\fR(3SOCKET), \fBshutdown\fR(3XNET), 784 \fBsockaddr\fR(3SOCKET), 785 \fBsocket\fR(3SOCKET), \fBsocket\fR(3XNET), \fBsocketpair\fR(3SOCKET), 786 \fBsocketpair\fR(3XNET), \fBucred_get\fR(3C), \fBattributes\fR(5), 787 \fBstandards\fR(5)