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  12 .TH NM 1 "Sep 10, 2013"
  13 .SH NAME
  14 nm \- print name list of an object file
  15 .SH SYNOPSIS
  16 .LP
  17 .nf
  18 \fB/usr/bin/nm\fR [\fB-ACDhlnPprRsTuVv\fR] [\fB-efox\fR] [\fB-g\fR | \fB-u\fR]
  19      [\fB-t\fR \fIformat\fR] \fIfile\fR...
  20 .fi
  21 
  22 .LP
  23 .nf
  24 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/nm\fR [\fB-ACDhlnPprRsTuVv\fR] [\fB-efox\fR] [\fB-g\fR | \fB-u\fR]
  25      [\fB-t\fR \fIformat\fR] \fIfile\fR...
  26 .fi
  27 
  28 .SH DESCRIPTION
  29 .sp
  30 .LP
  31 The \fBnm\fR utility displays the symbol table of each \fBELF\fR object file
  32 that is specified by \fIfile\fR.
  33 .sp
  34 .LP
  35 If no symbolic information is available for a valid input file, the \fBnm\fR
  36 utility reports that fact, but not consider it an error condition.
  37 .SH OPTIONS
  38 .sp
  39 .LP
  40 The output of \fBnm\fR can be controlled using the following options:
  41 .sp
  42 .ne 2
  43 .na
  44 \fB\fB-A\fR\fR
  45 .ad
  46 .RS 13n
  47 Writes the full path name or library name of an object on each line.
  48 .RE
  49 
  50 .sp
  51 .ne 2
  52 .na
  53 \fB\fB-C\fR\fR
  54 .ad
  55 .RS 13n
  56 Demangles C++ symbol names before printing them out.
  57 .RE
  58 
  59 .sp
  60 .ne 2
  61 .na
  62 \fB\fB-D\fR\fR
  63 .ad
  64 .RS 13n
  65 Displays the \fBSHT_DYNSYM\fR symbol information. This is the symbol table used
  66 by \fBld.so.1\fR and is present even in stripped dynamic executables. If
  67 \fB-D\fR is not specified, the default behavior is to display the
  68 \fBSHT_SYMTAB\fR symbol information.
  69 .RE
  70 
  71 .sp
  72 .ne 2
  73 .na
  74 \fB\fB-e\fR\fR
  75 .ad
  76 .RS 13n
  77 See NOTES below.
  78 .RE
  79 
  80 .sp
  81 .ne 2
  82 .na
  83 \fB\fB-f\fR\fR
  84 .ad
  85 .RS 13n
  86 See NOTES below.
  87 .RE
  88 
  89 .sp
  90 .ne 2
  91 .na
  92 \fB\fB-g\fR\fR
  93 .ad
  94 .RS 13n
  95 Writes only external (global) symbol information.
  96 .RE
  97 
  98 .sp
  99 .ne 2
 100 .na
 101 \fB\fB-h\fR\fR
 102 .ad
 103 .RS 13n
 104 Does not display the output heading data.
 105 .RE
 106 
 107 .sp
 108 .ne 2
 109 .na
 110 \fB\fB-L\fR\fR
 111 .ad
 112 .RS 13n
 113 Displays the \fBSHT_SUNW_LDYNSYM\fR symbol information. This symbol table
 114 contains local function symbols. \fBSHT_SUNW_LDYNSM\fR symbol tables are
 115 present even in stripped dynamic executables. These symbols augment the global
 116 symbols that are found in \fBSHT_DYNSYM\fR symbol table. If \fB-L\fR is not
 117 specified, the default behavior is to display the \fBSHT_SYMTAB\fR symbol
 118 information.
 119 .RE
 120 
 121 .sp
 122 .ne 2
 123 .na
 124 \fB\fB-l\fR\fR
 125 .ad
 126 .RS 13n
 127 Distinguishes between \fBWEAK\fR and \fBGLOBAL\fR symbols by appending a * to
 128 the key letter for \fBWEAK\fR symbols.
 129 .RE
 130 
 131 .sp
 132 .ne 2
 133 .na
 134 \fB\fB-n\fR\fR
 135 .ad
 136 .RS 13n
 137 Sorts external symbols by name before they are printed.
 138 .RE
 139 
 140 .sp
 141 .ne 2
 142 .na
 143 \fB\fB-o\fR\fR
 144 .ad
 145 .RS 13n
 146 Prints the value and size of a symbol in octal instead of decimal (equivalent
 147 to \fB-t\fR \fBo\fR).
 148 .RE
 149 
 150 .sp
 151 .ne 2
 152 .na
 153 \fB\fB-p\fR\fR
 154 .ad
 155 .RS 13n
 156 Produces easy to parse, terse output. Each symbol name is preceded by its value
 157 (blanks if undefined) and one of the letters:
 158 .sp
 159 .ne 2
 160 .na
 161 \fB\fBA\fR\fR
 162 .ad
 163 .RS 5n
 164 Absolute symbol.
 165 .RE
 166 
 167 .sp
 168 .ne 2
 169 .na
 170 \fB\fBB\fR\fR
 171 .ad
 172 .RS 5n
 173 bss (uninitialized data space) symbol.
 174 .RE
 175 
 176 .sp
 177 .ne 2
 178 .na
 179 \fB\fBC\fR\fR
 180 .ad
 181 .RS 5n
 182 COMMON symbol.
 183 .RE
 184 
 185 .sp
 186 .ne 2
 187 .na
 188 \fB\fBD\fR\fR
 189 .ad
 190 .RS 5n
 191 Data object symbol.
 192 .RE
 193 
 194 .sp
 195 .ne 2
 196 .na
 197 \fB\fBF\fR\fR
 198 .ad
 199 .RS 5n
 200 File symbol.
 201 .RE
 202 
 203 .sp
 204 .ne 2
 205 .na
 206 \fB\fBN\fR\fR
 207 .ad
 208 .RS 5n
 209 Symbol has no type.
 210 .RE
 211 
 212 .sp
 213 .ne 2
 214 .na
 215 \fB\fBL\fR\fR
 216 .ad
 217 .RS 5n
 218 Thread-Local storage symbol.
 219 .RE
 220 
 221 .sp
 222 .ne 2
 223 .na
 224 \fB\fBS\fR\fR
 225 .ad
 226 .RS 5n
 227 Section symbol.
 228 .RE
 229 
 230 .sp
 231 .ne 2
 232 .na
 233 \fB\fBT\fR\fR
 234 .ad
 235 .RS 5n
 236 Text symbol.
 237 .RE
 238 
 239 .sp
 240 .ne 2
 241 .na
 242 \fB\fBU\fR\fR
 243 .ad
 244 .RS 5n
 245 Undefined.
 246 .RE
 247 
 248 If the symbol's binding attribute is:
 249 .sp
 250 .ne 2
 251 .na
 252 \fB\fBLOCAL\fR\fR
 253 .ad
 254 .RS 10n
 255 The key letter is lower case.
 256 .RE
 257 
 258 .sp
 259 .ne 2
 260 .na
 261 \fB\fBWEAK\fR\fR
 262 .ad
 263 .RS 10n
 264 The key letter is upper case. If the \fB-l\fR modifier is specified, the upper
 265 case key letter is followed by a \fB*\fR
 266 .RE
 267 
 268 .sp
 269 .ne 2
 270 .na
 271 \fB\fBGLOBAL\fR\fR
 272 .ad
 273 .RS 10n
 274 The key letter is upper case.
 275 .RE
 276 
 277 .RE
 278 
 279 .sp
 280 .ne 2
 281 .na
 282 \fB\fB-P\fR\fR
 283 .ad
 284 .RS 13n
 285 Writes information in a portable output format, as specified in \fBStandard
 286 Output\fR.
 287 .RE
 288 
 289 .sp
 290 .ne 2
 291 .na
 292 \fB\fB-r\fR\fR
 293 .ad
 294 .RS 13n
 295 Prepends the name of the object file or archive to each output line.
 296 .RE
 297 
 298 .sp
 299 .ne 2
 300 .na
 301 \fB\fB-R\fR\fR
 302 .ad
 303 .RS 13n
 304 Prints the archive name (if present), followed by the object file and symbol
 305 name. If the \fB-r\fR option is also specified, this option is ignored.
 306 .RE
 307 
 308 .sp
 309 .ne 2
 310 .na
 311 \fB\fB-s\fR\fR
 312 .ad
 313 .RS 13n
 314 Prints section name instead of section index.
 315 .RE
 316 
 317 .sp
 318 .ne 2
 319 .na
 320 \fB\fB-t\fR \fIformat\fR\fR
 321 .ad
 322 .RS 13n
 323 Writes each numeric value in the specified format. The format is dependent on
 324 the single character used as the \fIformat\fR option-argument:
 325 .sp
 326 .ne 2
 327 .na
 328 \fB\fBd\fR\fR
 329 .ad
 330 .RS 5n
 331 The offset is written in decimal (default).
 332 .RE
 333 
 334 .sp
 335 .ne 2
 336 .na
 337 \fB\fBo\fR\fR
 338 .ad
 339 .RS 5n
 340 The offset is written in octal.
 341 .RE
 342 
 343 .sp
 344 .ne 2
 345 .na
 346 \fB\fBx\fR\fR
 347 .ad
 348 .RS 5n
 349 The offset is written in hexadecimal.
 350 .RE
 351 
 352 .RE
 353 
 354 .sp
 355 .ne 2
 356 .na
 357 \fB\fB-T\fR\fR
 358 .ad
 359 .RS 13n
 360 See \fBNOTES\fR.
 361 .RE
 362 
 363 .SS "/usr/bin/nm"
 364 .sp
 365 .ne 2
 366 .na
 367 \fB\fB-u\fR\fR
 368 .ad
 369 .RS 6n
 370 Prints undefined symbols only.
 371 .RE
 372 
 373 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/nm"
 374 .sp
 375 .ne 2
 376 .na
 377 \fB\fB-u\fR\fR
 378 .ad
 379 .RS 6n
 380 Prints long listing for each undefined symbol. See \fBOUTPUT\fR below.
 381 .RE
 382 
 383 .sp
 384 .ne 2
 385 .na
 386 \fB\fB-v\fR\fR
 387 .ad
 388 .RS 6n
 389 Sorts external symbols by value before they are printed.
 390 .RE
 391 
 392 .sp
 393 .ne 2
 394 .na
 395 \fB\fB-V\fR\fR
 396 .ad
 397 .RS 6n
 398 Prints the version of the \fBnm\fR command executing on the standard error
 399 output.
 400 .RE
 401 
 402 .sp
 403 .ne 2
 404 .na
 405 \fB\fB-x\fR\fR
 406 .ad
 407 .RS 6n
 408 Prints the value and size of a symbol in hexadecimal instead of decimal
 409 (equivalent to \fB-t\fR \fBx\fR).
 410 .RE
 411 
 412 .sp
 413 .LP
 414 Options can be used in any order, either singly or in combination, and can
 415 appear anywhere in the command line. When conflicting options are specified
 416 (such as \fB-v\fR and \fB-n\fR, or \fB-o\fR and \fB-x\fR) the first is taken
 417 and the second ignored with a warning message to the user. (See \fB-R\fR for
 418 exception.)
 419 .SH OPERANDS
 420 .sp
 421 .LP
 422 The following operand is supported:
 423 .sp
 424 .ne 2
 425 .na
 426 \fB\fIfile\fR\fR
 427 .ad
 428 .RS 8n
 429 A path name of an object file, executable file or object-file library.
 430 .RE
 431 
 432 .SH OUTPUT
 433 .sp
 434 .LP
 435 This section describes the \fBnm\fR utility's output options.
 436 .SS "Standard Output"
 437 .sp
 438 .LP
 439 For each symbol, the following information is printed:
 440 .sp
 441 .ne 2
 442 .na
 443 \fB\fBIndex\fR\fR
 444 .ad
 445 .RS 15n
 446 The index of the symbol. (The index appears in brackets.)
 447 .RE
 448 
 449 .sp
 450 .ne 2
 451 .na
 452 \fB\fBValue\fR\fR
 453 .ad
 454 .RS 15n
 455 The value of the symbol is one of the following:
 456 .RS +4
 457 .TP
 458 .ie t \(bu
 459 .el o
 460 A section offset for defined symbols in a relocatable file.
 461 .RE
 462 .RS +4
 463 .TP
 464 .ie t \(bu
 465 .el o
 466 Alignment constraints for symbols whose section index is \fBSHN_COMMON\fR.
 467 .RE
 468 .RS +4
 469 .TP
 470 .ie t \(bu
 471 .el o
 472 A virtual address in executable and dynamic library files.
 473 .RE
 474 .RE
 475 
 476 .sp
 477 .ne 2
 478 .na
 479 \fB\fBSize\fR\fR
 480 .ad
 481 .RS 15n
 482 The size in bytes of the associated object.
 483 .RE
 484 
 485 .sp
 486 .ne 2
 487 .na
 488 \fB\fBType\fR\fR
 489 .ad
 490 .RS 15n
 491 A symbol is of one of the following types:
 492 .sp
 493 .ne 2
 494 .na
 495 \fB\fBNOTYPE\fR\fR
 496 .ad
 497 .RS 11n
 498 No type was specified.
 499 .RE
 500 
 501 .sp
 502 .ne 2
 503 .na
 504 \fB\fBOBJECT\fR\fR
 505 .ad
 506 .RS 11n
 507 A data object such as an array or variable.
 508 .RE
 509 
 510 .sp
 511 .ne 2
 512 .na
 513 \fB\fBFUNC\fR\fR
 514 .ad
 515 .RS 11n
 516 A function or other executable code.
 517 .RE
 518 
 519 .sp
 520 .ne 2
 521 .na
 522 \fB\fBREGI\fR\fR
 523 .ad
 524 .RS 11n
 525 A register symbol (\fBSPARC\fR only).
 526 .RE
 527 
 528 .sp
 529 .ne 2
 530 .na
 531 \fB\fBSECTION\fR\fR
 532 .ad
 533 .RS 11n
 534 A section symbol.
 535 .RE
 536 
 537 .sp
 538 .ne 2
 539 .na
 540 \fB\fBFILE\fR\fR
 541 .ad
 542 .RS 11n
 543 Name of the source file.
 544 .RE
 545 
 546 .sp
 547 .ne 2
 548 .na
 549 \fB\fBCOMMON\fR\fR
 550 .ad
 551 .RS 11n
 552 An uninitialized common block.
 553 .RE
 554 
 555 .sp
 556 .ne 2
 557 .na
 558 \fB\fBTLS\fR\fR
 559 .ad
 560 .RS 11n
 561 A variable associated with Thread-Local storage.
 562 .RE
 563 
 564 .RE
 565 
 566 .sp
 567 .ne 2
 568 .na
 569 \fB\fBBind\fR\fR
 570 .ad
 571 .RS 15n
 572 The symbol's binding attributes.
 573 .sp
 574 .ne 2
 575 .na
 576 \fB\fBLOCAL symbols\fR\fR
 577 .ad
 578 .RS 18n
 579 Have a scope limited to the object file containing their definition.
 580 .RE
 581 
 582 .sp
 583 .ne 2
 584 .na
 585 \fB\fBGLOBAL symbols\fR\fR
 586 .ad
 587 .RS 18n
 588 Are visible to all object files being combined.
 589 .RE
 590 
 591 .sp
 592 .ne 2
 593 .na
 594 \fB\fBWEAK symbols\fR\fR
 595 .ad
 596 .RS 18n
 597 Are essentially global symbols with a lower precedence than \fBGLOBAL\fR.
 598 .RE
 599 
 600 .RE
 601 
 602 .sp
 603 .ne 2
 604 .na
 605 \fB\fBOther\fR\fR
 606 .ad
 607 .RS 15n
 608 A symbol's visibility.
 609 .sp
 610 The lower bits of the \fBst_other\fR member of the \fBElf32_Sym\fR structure,
 611 and the \fBElf64_Sym\fR structure, defined in \fB<sys/elf.h>\fR, are currently
 612 used and can be one of:
 613 .sp
 614 .in +2
 615 .nf
 616 #define STV_DEFAULT     0
 617 #define STV_INTERNAL    1
 618 #define STV_HIDDEN      2
 619 #define STV_PROTECTED   3
 620 #define STV_EXPORTED    4
 621 #define STV_SINGLETON   5
 622 #define STV_ELIMINATE   6
 623 .fi
 624 .in -2
 625 .sp
 626 
 627 .RE
 628 
 629 .sp
 630 .ne 2
 631 .na
 632 \fB\fBShndx\fR\fR
 633 .ad
 634 .RS 15n
 635 Except for three special values, this is the section header table index in
 636 relation to which the symbol is defined. The following special values exist:
 637 .sp
 638 .ne 2
 639 .na
 640 \fB\fBABS\fR\fR
 641 .ad
 642 .RS 10n
 643 Indicates the symbol's value does not change through relocation.
 644 .RE
 645 
 646 .sp
 647 .ne 2
 648 .na
 649 \fB\fBCOMMON\fR\fR
 650 .ad
 651 .RS 10n
 652 Indicates an unallocated block and the value provides alignment constraints.
 653 .RE
 654 
 655 .sp
 656 .ne 2
 657 .na
 658 \fB\fBUNDEF\fR\fR
 659 .ad
 660 .RS 10n
 661 Indicates an undefined symbol.
 662 .RE
 663 
 664 .RE
 665 
 666 .sp
 667 .ne 2
 668 .na
 669 \fB\fBName\fR\fR
 670 .ad
 671 .RS 15n
 672 The name of the symbol.
 673 .RE
 674 
 675 .sp
 676 .ne 2
 677 .na
 678 \fB\fBObject Name\fR\fR
 679 .ad
 680 .RS 15n
 681 The name of the object or library if \fB-A\fR is specified.
 682 .RE
 683 
 684 .sp
 685 .LP
 686 If the \fB-P\fR option is specified, the previous information is displayed
 687 using the following portable format. The three versions differ depending on
 688 whether \fB-t\fR \fBd\fR, \fB-t\fR \fBo\fR, or \fB-t\fR \fBx\fR was specified,
 689 respectively:
 690 .sp
 691 .in +2
 692 .nf
 693 \fB"%s%s %s %d %d\n",\fR \fIlibrary/object name\fR, \fIname\fR\fB, type,\fR \fIvalue\fR, \e
 694      \fBsize "%s%s %s %o %o\en",\fR \fIlibrary/object name\fR, \fIname\fR, \e
 695      \fBtype,\fR \fIvalue\fR \fB, size "%s%s %s %x %x\en",\fR \fIlibrary/object name\fR, \fIname\fR, \e
 696      \fBtype,\fR \fIvalue\fR\fB, size\fR
 697 .fi
 698 .in -2
 699 .sp
 700 
 701 .sp
 702 .LP
 703 where \fIlibrary/object name\fR is formatted as follows:
 704 .RS +4
 705 .TP
 706 .ie t \(bu
 707 .el o
 708 If \fB-A\fR is not specified, \fIlibrary/object name\fR is an empty string.
 709 .RE
 710 .RS +4
 711 .TP
 712 .ie t \(bu
 713 .el o
 714 If \fB-A\fR is specified and the corresponding \fIfile\fR operand does not name
 715 a library:
 716 .sp
 717 .in +2
 718 .nf
 719 \fB"%s: ", \fIfile\fR\fR
 720 .fi
 721 .in -2
 722 .sp
 723 
 724 .RE
 725 .RS +4
 726 .TP
 727 .ie t \(bu
 728 .el o
 729 If \fB-A\fR is specified and the corresponding \fIfile\fR operand names a
 730 library. In this case, \fIobject file\fR names the object file in the library
 731 containing the symbol being described:
 732 .sp
 733 .in +2
 734 .nf
 735 \fB"%s[%s]: ", \fIfile\fR, \fIobject file\fR\fR
 736 .fi
 737 .in -2
 738 .sp
 739 
 740 .RE
 741 .sp
 742 .LP
 743 If \fB-A\fR is not specified, then if more than one \fIfile\fR operand is
 744 specified or if only one \fIfile\fR operand is specified and it names a
 745 library, \fBnm\fR writes a line identifying the object containing the following
 746 symbols before the lines containing those symbols, in the form:
 747 .RS +4
 748 .TP
 749 .ie t \(bu
 750 .el o
 751 If the corresponding \fIfile\fR operand does not name a library:
 752 .sp
 753 .in +2
 754 .nf
 755 \fB"%s:\en", \fIfile\fR\fR
 756 .fi
 757 .in -2
 758 .sp
 759 
 760 .RE
 761 .RS +4
 762 .TP
 763 .ie t \(bu
 764 .el o
 765 If the corresponding \fIfile\fR operand names a library; in this case,
 766 \fIobject file\fR is the name of the file in the library containing the
 767 following symbols:
 768 .sp
 769 .in +2
 770 .nf
 771 \fB"%s[%s]:\en", \fIfile\fR, \fIobject file\fR\fR
 772 .fi
 773 .in -2
 774 .sp
 775 
 776 .RE
 777 .sp
 778 .LP
 779 If \fB-P\fR is specified, but \fB-t\fR is not, the format is as if \fB-t\fR
 780 \fBx\fR had been specified.
 781 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
 782 .sp
 783 .LP
 784 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
 785 that affect the execution of \fBnm\fR: \fBLANG\fR, \fBLC_ALL\fR,
 786 \fBLC_COLLATE\fR, \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR.
 787 .SH EXIT STATUS
 788 .sp
 789 .LP
 790 The following exit values are returned:
 791 .sp
 792 .ne 2
 793 .na
 794 \fB\fB0\fR\fR
 795 .ad
 796 .RS 6n
 797 Successful completion.
 798 .RE
 799 
 800 .sp
 801 .ne 2
 802 .na
 803 \fB\fB>0\fR\fR
 804 .ad
 805 .RS 6n
 806 An error occurred.
 807 .RE
 808 
 809 .SH ATTRIBUTES
 810 .sp
 811 .LP
 812 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
 813 .SH /USR/XPG4/BIN/NM
 814 .sp
 815 
 816 .sp
 817 .TS
 818 box;
 819 c | c
 820 l | l .
 821 ATTRIBUTE TYPE  ATTRIBUTE VALUE
 822 _
 823 Interface Stability     Committed
 824 .TE
 825 
 826 .SH SEE ALSO
 827 .sp
 828 .LP
 829 \fBar\fR(1), \fBas\fR(1), \fBdump\fR(1), \fBld\fR(1), \fBld.so.1\fR(1),
 830 \fBar.h\fR(3HEAD), \fBa.out\fR(4), \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBenviron\fR(5),
 831 \fBstandards\fR(5)
 832 .SH NOTES
 833 .sp
 834 .LP
 835 The following options are obsolete because of changes to the object file format
 836 and might be deleted in a future release.
 837 .sp
 838 .ne 2
 839 .na
 840 \fB\fB-e\fR\fR
 841 .ad
 842 .RS 6n
 843 Prints only external and static symbols. The symbol table now contains only
 844 static and external symbols. Automatic symbols no longer appear in the symbol
 845 table. They do appear in the debugging information produced by \fBcc\fR
 846 \fB-g\fR, which can be examined using \fBdump\fR(1).
 847 .RE
 848 
 849 .sp
 850 .ne 2
 851 .na
 852 \fB\fB-f\fR\fR
 853 .ad
 854 .RS 6n
 855 Produces full output. Redundant symbols (such as \fB\&.text\fR, \fB\&.data\fR,
 856 and so forth), which existed previously, do not exist and producing full output
 857 is identical to the default output.
 858 .RE
 859 
 860 .sp
 861 .ne 2
 862 .na
 863 \fB\fB-T\fR\fR
 864 .ad
 865 .RS 6n
 866 By default, \fBnm\fR prints the entire name of the symbols listed. Since symbol
 867 names have been moved to the last column, the problem of overflow is removed
 868 and it is no longer necessary to truncate the symbol name.
 869 .RE
 870