1 /*
   2  * CDDL HEADER START
   3  *
   4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
   5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
   6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   7  *
   8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
   9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
  10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
  11  * and limitations under the License.
  12  *
  13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
  14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
  15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
  16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
  17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
  18  *
  19  * CDDL HEADER END
  20  */
  21 /*
  22  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  23  * Copyright (c) 2011, 2016 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
  24  * Copyright 2011 Nexenta Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
  25  * Copyright (c) 2013 Steven Hartland. All rights reserved.
  26  * Copyright (c) 2014 Integros [integros.com]
  27  * Copyright 2017 Joyent, Inc.
  28  */
  29 
  30 /*
  31  * The objective of this program is to provide a DMU/ZAP/SPA stress test
  32  * that runs entirely in userland, is easy to use, and easy to extend.
  33  *
  34  * The overall design of the ztest program is as follows:
  35  *
  36  * (1) For each major functional area (e.g. adding vdevs to a pool,
  37  *     creating and destroying datasets, reading and writing objects, etc)
  38  *     we have a simple routine to test that functionality.  These
  39  *     individual routines do not have to do anything "stressful".
  40  *
  41  * (2) We turn these simple functionality tests into a stress test by
  42  *     running them all in parallel, with as many threads as desired,
  43  *     and spread across as many datasets, objects, and vdevs as desired.
  44  *
  45  * (3) While all this is happening, we inject faults into the pool to
  46  *     verify that self-healing data really works.
  47  *
  48  * (4) Every time we open a dataset, we change its checksum and compression
  49  *     functions.  Thus even individual objects vary from block to block
  50  *     in which checksum they use and whether they're compressed.
  51  *
  52  * (5) To verify that we never lose on-disk consistency after a crash,
  53  *     we run the entire test in a child of the main process.
  54  *     At random times, the child self-immolates with a SIGKILL.
  55  *     This is the software equivalent of pulling the power cord.
  56  *     The parent then runs the test again, using the existing
  57  *     storage pool, as many times as desired. If backwards compatibility
  58  *     testing is enabled ztest will sometimes run the "older" version
  59  *     of ztest after a SIGKILL.
  60  *
  61  * (6) To verify that we don't have future leaks or temporal incursions,
  62  *     many of the functional tests record the transaction group number
  63  *     as part of their data.  When reading old data, they verify that
  64  *     the transaction group number is less than the current, open txg.
  65  *     If you add a new test, please do this if applicable.
  66  *
  67  * When run with no arguments, ztest runs for about five minutes and
  68  * produces no output if successful.  To get a little bit of information,
  69  * specify -V.  To get more information, specify -VV, and so on.
  70  *
  71  * To turn this into an overnight stress test, use -T to specify run time.
  72  *
  73  * You can ask more more vdevs [-v], datasets [-d], or threads [-t]
  74  * to increase the pool capacity, fanout, and overall stress level.
  75  *
  76  * Use the -k option to set the desired frequency of kills.
  77  *
  78  * When ztest invokes itself it passes all relevant information through a
  79  * temporary file which is mmap-ed in the child process. This allows shared
  80  * memory to survive the exec syscall. The ztest_shared_hdr_t struct is always
  81  * stored at offset 0 of this file and contains information on the size and
  82  * number of shared structures in the file. The information stored in this file
  83  * must remain backwards compatible with older versions of ztest so that
  84  * ztest can invoke them during backwards compatibility testing (-B).
  85  */
  86 
  87 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
  88 #include <sys/spa.h>
  89 #include <sys/dmu.h>
  90 #include <sys/txg.h>
  91 #include <sys/dbuf.h>
  92 #include <sys/zap.h>
  93 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
  94 #include <sys/poll.h>
  95 #include <sys/stat.h>
  96 #include <sys/time.h>
  97 #include <sys/wait.h>
  98 #include <sys/mman.h>
  99 #include <sys/resource.h>
 100 #include <sys/zio.h>
 101 #include <sys/zil.h>
 102 #include <sys/zil_impl.h>
 103 #include <sys/vdev_impl.h>
 104 #include <sys/vdev_file.h>
 105 #include <sys/spa_impl.h>
 106 #include <sys/metaslab_impl.h>
 107 #include <sys/dsl_prop.h>
 108 #include <sys/dsl_dataset.h>
 109 #include <sys/dsl_destroy.h>
 110 #include <sys/dsl_scan.h>
 111 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
 112 #include <sys/refcount.h>
 113 #include <sys/zfeature.h>
 114 #include <sys/dsl_userhold.h>
 115 #include <sys/abd.h>
 116 #include <stdio.h>
 117 #include <stdio_ext.h>
 118 #include <stdlib.h>
 119 #include <unistd.h>
 120 #include <signal.h>
 121 #include <umem.h>
 122 #include <dlfcn.h>
 123 #include <ctype.h>
 124 #include <math.h>
 125 #include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
 126 #include <libnvpair.h>
 127 #include <libcmdutils.h>
 128 
 129 static int ztest_fd_data = -1;
 130 static int ztest_fd_rand = -1;
 131 
 132 typedef struct ztest_shared_hdr {
 133         uint64_t        zh_hdr_size;
 134         uint64_t        zh_opts_size;
 135         uint64_t        zh_size;
 136         uint64_t        zh_stats_size;
 137         uint64_t        zh_stats_count;
 138         uint64_t        zh_ds_size;
 139         uint64_t        zh_ds_count;
 140 } ztest_shared_hdr_t;
 141 
 142 static ztest_shared_hdr_t *ztest_shared_hdr;
 143 
 144 typedef struct ztest_shared_opts {
 145         char zo_pool[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
 146         char zo_dir[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
 147         char zo_alt_ztest[MAXNAMELEN];
 148         char zo_alt_libpath[MAXNAMELEN];
 149         uint64_t zo_vdevs;
 150         uint64_t zo_vdevtime;
 151         size_t zo_vdev_size;
 152         int zo_ashift;
 153         int zo_mirrors;
 154         int zo_raidz;
 155         int zo_raidz_parity;
 156         int zo_datasets;
 157         int zo_threads;
 158         uint64_t zo_passtime;
 159         uint64_t zo_killrate;
 160         int zo_verbose;
 161         int zo_init;
 162         uint64_t zo_time;
 163         uint64_t zo_maxloops;
 164         uint64_t zo_metaslab_gang_bang;
 165 } ztest_shared_opts_t;
 166 
 167 static const ztest_shared_opts_t ztest_opts_defaults = {
 168         .zo_pool = { 'z', 't', 'e', 's', 't', '\0' },
 169         .zo_dir = { '/', 't', 'm', 'p', '\0' },
 170         .zo_alt_ztest = { '\0' },
 171         .zo_alt_libpath = { '\0' },
 172         .zo_vdevs = 5,
 173         .zo_ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT,
 174         .zo_mirrors = 2,
 175         .zo_raidz = 4,
 176         .zo_raidz_parity = 1,
 177         .zo_vdev_size = SPA_MINDEVSIZE * 4,     /* 256m default size */
 178         .zo_datasets = 7,
 179         .zo_threads = 23,
 180         .zo_passtime = 60,              /* 60 seconds */
 181         .zo_killrate = 70,              /* 70% kill rate */
 182         .zo_verbose = 0,
 183         .zo_init = 1,
 184         .zo_time = 300,                 /* 5 minutes */
 185         .zo_maxloops = 50,              /* max loops during spa_freeze() */
 186         .zo_metaslab_gang_bang = 32 << 10
 187 };
 188 
 189 extern uint64_t metaslab_gang_bang;
 190 extern uint64_t metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
 191 extern uint64_t zfs_deadman_synctime_ms;
 192 extern int metaslab_preload_limit;
 193 extern boolean_t zfs_compressed_arc_enabled;
 194 extern boolean_t zfs_abd_scatter_enabled;
 195 
 196 static ztest_shared_opts_t *ztest_shared_opts;
 197 static ztest_shared_opts_t ztest_opts;
 198 
 199 typedef struct ztest_shared_ds {
 200         uint64_t        zd_seq;
 201 } ztest_shared_ds_t;
 202 
 203 static ztest_shared_ds_t *ztest_shared_ds;
 204 #define ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d) (&ztest_shared_ds[d])
 205 
 206 #define BT_MAGIC        0x123456789abcdefULL
 207 #define MAXFAULTS() \
 208         (MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * (ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity + 1) - 1)
 209 
 210 enum ztest_io_type {
 211         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG,
 212         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_PATTERN,
 213         ZTEST_IO_WRITE_ZEROES,
 214         ZTEST_IO_TRUNCATE,
 215         ZTEST_IO_SETATTR,
 216         ZTEST_IO_REWRITE,
 217         ZTEST_IO_TYPES
 218 };
 219 
 220 typedef struct ztest_block_tag {
 221         uint64_t        bt_magic;
 222         uint64_t        bt_objset;
 223         uint64_t        bt_object;
 224         uint64_t        bt_offset;
 225         uint64_t        bt_gen;
 226         uint64_t        bt_txg;
 227         uint64_t        bt_crtxg;
 228 } ztest_block_tag_t;
 229 
 230 typedef struct bufwad {
 231         uint64_t        bw_index;
 232         uint64_t        bw_txg;
 233         uint64_t        bw_data;
 234 } bufwad_t;
 235 
 236 /*
 237  * XXX -- fix zfs range locks to be generic so we can use them here.
 238  */
 239 typedef enum {
 240         RL_READER,
 241         RL_WRITER,
 242         RL_APPEND
 243 } rl_type_t;
 244 
 245 typedef struct rll {
 246         void            *rll_writer;
 247         int             rll_readers;
 248         mutex_t         rll_lock;
 249         cond_t          rll_cv;
 250 } rll_t;
 251 
 252 typedef struct rl {
 253         uint64_t        rl_object;
 254         uint64_t        rl_offset;
 255         uint64_t        rl_size;
 256         rll_t           *rl_lock;
 257 } rl_t;
 258 
 259 #define ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS       64
 260 #define ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS      64
 261 
 262 /*
 263  * Object descriptor.  Used as a template for object lookup/create/remove.
 264  */
 265 typedef struct ztest_od {
 266         uint64_t        od_dir;
 267         uint64_t        od_object;
 268         dmu_object_type_t od_type;
 269         dmu_object_type_t od_crtype;
 270         uint64_t        od_blocksize;
 271         uint64_t        od_crblocksize;
 272         uint64_t        od_gen;
 273         uint64_t        od_crgen;
 274         char            od_name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
 275 } ztest_od_t;
 276 
 277 /*
 278  * Per-dataset state.
 279  */
 280 typedef struct ztest_ds {
 281         ztest_shared_ds_t *zd_shared;
 282         objset_t        *zd_os;
 283         rwlock_t        zd_zilog_lock;
 284         zilog_t         *zd_zilog;
 285         ztest_od_t      *zd_od;         /* debugging aid */
 286         char            zd_name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
 287         mutex_t         zd_dirobj_lock;
 288         rll_t           zd_object_lock[ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS];
 289         rll_t           zd_range_lock[ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS];
 290 } ztest_ds_t;
 291 
 292 /*
 293  * Per-iteration state.
 294  */
 295 typedef void ztest_func_t(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id);
 296 
 297 typedef struct ztest_info {
 298         ztest_func_t    *zi_func;       /* test function */
 299         uint64_t        zi_iters;       /* iterations per execution */
 300         uint64_t        *zi_interval;   /* execute every <interval> seconds */
 301 } ztest_info_t;
 302 
 303 typedef struct ztest_shared_callstate {
 304         uint64_t        zc_count;       /* per-pass count */
 305         uint64_t        zc_time;        /* per-pass time */
 306         uint64_t        zc_next;        /* next time to call this function */
 307 } ztest_shared_callstate_t;
 308 
 309 static ztest_shared_callstate_t *ztest_shared_callstate;
 310 #define ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(c) (&ztest_shared_callstate[c])
 311 
 312 /*
 313  * Note: these aren't static because we want dladdr() to work.
 314  */
 315 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_read_write;
 316 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_write_parallel;
 317 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free;
 318 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks;
 319 ztest_func_t ztest_zap;
 320 ztest_func_t ztest_zap_parallel;
 321 ztest_func_t ztest_zil_commit;
 322 ztest_func_t ztest_zil_remount;
 323 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy;
 324 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy;
 325 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_prealloc;
 326 ztest_func_t ztest_fzap;
 327 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy;
 328 ztest_func_t ztest_dsl_prop_get_set;
 329 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_prop_get_set;
 330 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_create_destroy;
 331 ztest_func_t ztest_fault_inject;
 332 ztest_func_t ztest_ddt_repair;
 333 ztest_func_t ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold;
 334 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_rename;
 335 ztest_func_t ztest_scrub;
 336 ztest_func_t ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy;
 337 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_attach_detach;
 338 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_LUN_growth;
 339 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_add_remove;
 340 ztest_func_t ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove;
 341 ztest_func_t ztest_split_pool;
 342 ztest_func_t ztest_reguid;
 343 ztest_func_t ztest_spa_upgrade;
 344 
 345 uint64_t zopt_always = 0ULL * NANOSEC;          /* all the time */
 346 uint64_t zopt_incessant = 1ULL * NANOSEC / 10;  /* every 1/10 second */
 347 uint64_t zopt_often = 1ULL * NANOSEC;           /* every second */
 348 uint64_t zopt_sometimes = 10ULL * NANOSEC;      /* every 10 seconds */
 349 uint64_t zopt_rarely = 60ULL * NANOSEC;         /* every 60 seconds */
 350 
 351 ztest_info_t ztest_info[] = {
 352         { ztest_dmu_read_write,                 1,      &zopt_always        },
 353         { ztest_dmu_write_parallel,             10,     &zopt_always        },
 354         { ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free,          1,      &zopt_always        },
 355         { ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks,           1,      &zopt_always        },
 356         { ztest_zap,                            30,     &zopt_always        },
 357         { ztest_zap_parallel,                   100,    &zopt_always        },
 358         { ztest_split_pool,                     1,      &zopt_always        },
 359         { ztest_zil_commit,                     1,      &zopt_incessant     },
 360         { ztest_zil_remount,                    1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 361         { ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy,           1,      &zopt_often },
 362         { ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy,      1,      &zopt_often },
 363         { ztest_dsl_prop_get_set,               1,      &zopt_often },
 364         { ztest_spa_prop_get_set,               1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 365 #if 0
 366         { ztest_dmu_prealloc,                   1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 367 #endif
 368         { ztest_fzap,                           1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 369         { ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy,    1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 370         { ztest_spa_create_destroy,             1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 371         { ztest_fault_inject,                   1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 372         { ztest_ddt_repair,                     1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 373         { ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold,              1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 374         { ztest_reguid,                         1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 375         { ztest_spa_rename,                     1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 376         { ztest_scrub,                          1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 377         { ztest_spa_upgrade,                    1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 378         { ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy,       1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 379         { ztest_vdev_attach_detach,             1,      &zopt_sometimes     },
 380         { ztest_vdev_LUN_growth,                1,      &zopt_rarely        },
 381         { ztest_vdev_add_remove,                1,
 382             &ztest_opts.zo_vdevtime                         },
 383         { ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove,            1,
 384             &ztest_opts.zo_vdevtime                         },
 385 };
 386 
 387 #define ZTEST_FUNCS     (sizeof (ztest_info) / sizeof (ztest_info_t))
 388 
 389 /*
 390  * The following struct is used to hold a list of uncalled commit callbacks.
 391  * The callbacks are ordered by txg number.
 392  */
 393 typedef struct ztest_cb_list {
 394         mutex_t zcl_callbacks_lock;
 395         list_t  zcl_callbacks;
 396 } ztest_cb_list_t;
 397 
 398 /*
 399  * Stuff we need to share writably between parent and child.
 400  */
 401 typedef struct ztest_shared {
 402         boolean_t       zs_do_init;
 403         hrtime_t        zs_proc_start;
 404         hrtime_t        zs_proc_stop;
 405         hrtime_t        zs_thread_start;
 406         hrtime_t        zs_thread_stop;
 407         hrtime_t        zs_thread_kill;
 408         uint64_t        zs_enospc_count;
 409         uint64_t        zs_vdev_next_leaf;
 410         uint64_t        zs_vdev_aux;
 411         uint64_t        zs_alloc;
 412         uint64_t        zs_space;
 413         uint64_t        zs_splits;
 414         uint64_t        zs_mirrors;
 415         uint64_t        zs_metaslab_sz;
 416         uint64_t        zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
 417         uint64_t        zs_guid;
 418 } ztest_shared_t;
 419 
 420 #define ID_PARALLEL     -1ULL
 421 
 422 static char ztest_dev_template[] = "%s/%s.%llua";
 423 static char ztest_aux_template[] = "%s/%s.%s.%llu";
 424 ztest_shared_t *ztest_shared;
 425 
 426 static spa_t *ztest_spa = NULL;
 427 static ztest_ds_t *ztest_ds;
 428 
 429 static mutex_t ztest_vdev_lock;
 430 
 431 /*
 432  * The ztest_name_lock protects the pool and dataset namespace used by
 433  * the individual tests. To modify the namespace, consumers must grab
 434  * this lock as writer. Grabbing the lock as reader will ensure that the
 435  * namespace does not change while the lock is held.
 436  */
 437 static rwlock_t ztest_name_lock;
 438 
 439 static boolean_t ztest_dump_core = B_TRUE;
 440 static boolean_t ztest_exiting;
 441 
 442 /* Global commit callback list */
 443 static ztest_cb_list_t zcl;
 444 
 445 enum ztest_object {
 446         ZTEST_META_DNODE = 0,
 447         ZTEST_DIROBJ,
 448         ZTEST_OBJECTS
 449 };
 450 
 451 static void usage(boolean_t) __NORETURN;
 452 
 453 /*
 454  * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
 455  * debugging facilities.
 456  */
 457 const char *
 458 _umem_debug_init()
 459 {
 460         return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
 461 }
 462 
 463 const char *
 464 _umem_logging_init(void)
 465 {
 466         return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
 467 }
 468 
 469 #define FATAL_MSG_SZ    1024
 470 
 471 char *fatal_msg;
 472 
 473 static void
 474 fatal(int do_perror, char *message, ...)
 475 {
 476         va_list args;
 477         int save_errno = errno;
 478         char buf[FATAL_MSG_SZ];
 479 
 480         (void) fflush(stdout);
 481 
 482         va_start(args, message);
 483         (void) sprintf(buf, "ztest: ");
 484         /* LINTED */
 485         (void) vsprintf(buf + strlen(buf), message, args);
 486         va_end(args);
 487         if (do_perror) {
 488                 (void) snprintf(buf + strlen(buf), FATAL_MSG_SZ - strlen(buf),
 489                     ": %s", strerror(save_errno));
 490         }
 491         (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", buf);
 492         fatal_msg = buf;                        /* to ease debugging */
 493         if (ztest_dump_core)
 494                 abort();
 495         exit(3);
 496 }
 497 
 498 static int
 499 str2shift(const char *buf)
 500 {
 501         const char *ends = "BKMGTPEZ";
 502         int i;
 503 
 504         if (buf[0] == '\0')
 505                 return (0);
 506         for (i = 0; i < strlen(ends); i++) {
 507                 if (toupper(buf[0]) == ends[i])
 508                         break;
 509         }
 510         if (i == strlen(ends)) {
 511                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: invalid bytes suffix: %s\n",
 512                     buf);
 513                 usage(B_FALSE);
 514         }
 515         if (buf[1] == '\0' || (toupper(buf[1]) == 'B' && buf[2] == '\0')) {
 516                 return (10*i);
 517         }
 518         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: invalid bytes suffix: %s\n", buf);
 519         usage(B_FALSE);
 520         /* NOTREACHED */
 521 }
 522 
 523 static uint64_t
 524 nicenumtoull(const char *buf)
 525 {
 526         char *end;
 527         uint64_t val;
 528 
 529         val = strtoull(buf, &end, 0);
 530         if (end == buf) {
 531                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: bad numeric value: %s\n", buf);
 532                 usage(B_FALSE);
 533         } else if (end[0] == '.') {
 534                 double fval = strtod(buf, &end);
 535                 fval *= pow(2, str2shift(end));
 536                 if (fval > UINT64_MAX) {
 537                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: value too large: %s\n",
 538                             buf);
 539                         usage(B_FALSE);
 540                 }
 541                 val = (uint64_t)fval;
 542         } else {
 543                 int shift = str2shift(end);
 544                 if (shift >= 64 || (val << shift) >> shift != val) {
 545                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "ztest: value too large: %s\n",
 546                             buf);
 547                         usage(B_FALSE);
 548                 }
 549                 val <<= shift;
 550         }
 551         return (val);
 552 }
 553 
 554 static void
 555 usage(boolean_t requested)
 556 {
 557         const ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts_defaults;
 558 
 559         char nice_vdev_size[NN_NUMBUF_SZ];
 560         char nice_gang_bang[NN_NUMBUF_SZ];
 561         FILE *fp = requested ? stdout : stderr;
 562 
 563         nicenum(zo->zo_vdev_size, nice_vdev_size, sizeof (nice_vdev_size));
 564         nicenum(zo->zo_metaslab_gang_bang, nice_gang_bang,
 565             sizeof (nice_gang_bang));
 566 
 567         (void) fprintf(fp, "Usage: %s\n"
 568             "\t[-v vdevs (default: %llu)]\n"
 569             "\t[-s size_of_each_vdev (default: %s)]\n"
 570             "\t[-a alignment_shift (default: %d)] use 0 for random\n"
 571             "\t[-m mirror_copies (default: %d)]\n"
 572             "\t[-r raidz_disks (default: %d)]\n"
 573             "\t[-R raidz_parity (default: %d)]\n"
 574             "\t[-d datasets (default: %d)]\n"
 575             "\t[-t threads (default: %d)]\n"
 576             "\t[-g gang_block_threshold (default: %s)]\n"
 577             "\t[-i init_count (default: %d)] initialize pool i times\n"
 578             "\t[-k kill_percentage (default: %llu%%)]\n"
 579             "\t[-p pool_name (default: %s)]\n"
 580             "\t[-f dir (default: %s)] file directory for vdev files\n"
 581             "\t[-V] verbose (use multiple times for ever more blather)\n"
 582             "\t[-E] use existing pool instead of creating new one\n"
 583             "\t[-T time (default: %llu sec)] total run time\n"
 584             "\t[-F freezeloops (default: %llu)] max loops in spa_freeze()\n"
 585             "\t[-P passtime (default: %llu sec)] time per pass\n"
 586             "\t[-B alt_ztest (default: <none>)] alternate ztest path\n"
 587             "\t[-o variable=value] ... set global variable to an unsigned\n"
 588             "\t    32-bit integer value\n"
 589             "\t[-h] (print help)\n"
 590             "",
 591             zo->zo_pool,
 592             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_vdevs,                      /* -v */
 593             nice_vdev_size,                             /* -s */
 594             zo->zo_ashift,                           /* -a */
 595             zo->zo_mirrors,                          /* -m */
 596             zo->zo_raidz,                            /* -r */
 597             zo->zo_raidz_parity,                     /* -R */
 598             zo->zo_datasets,                         /* -d */
 599             zo->zo_threads,                          /* -t */
 600             nice_gang_bang,                             /* -g */
 601             zo->zo_init,                             /* -i */
 602             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_killrate,           /* -k */
 603             zo->zo_pool,                             /* -p */
 604             zo->zo_dir,                                      /* -f */
 605             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_time,                       /* -T */
 606             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_maxloops,           /* -F */
 607             (u_longlong_t)zo->zo_passtime);
 608         exit(requested ? 0 : 1);
 609 }
 610 
 611 static void
 612 process_options(int argc, char **argv)
 613 {
 614         char *path;
 615         ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts;
 616 
 617         int opt;
 618         uint64_t value;
 619         char altdir[MAXNAMELEN] = { 0 };
 620 
 621         bcopy(&ztest_opts_defaults, zo, sizeof (*zo));
 622 
 623         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv,
 624             "v:s:a:m:r:R:d:t:g:i:k:p:f:VET:P:hF:B:o:")) != EOF) {
 625                 value = 0;
 626                 switch (opt) {
 627                 case 'v':
 628                 case 's':
 629                 case 'a':
 630                 case 'm':
 631                 case 'r':
 632                 case 'R':
 633                 case 'd':
 634                 case 't':
 635                 case 'g':
 636                 case 'i':
 637                 case 'k':
 638                 case 'T':
 639                 case 'P':
 640                 case 'F':
 641                         value = nicenumtoull(optarg);
 642                 }
 643                 switch (opt) {
 644                 case 'v':
 645                         zo->zo_vdevs = value;
 646                         break;
 647                 case 's':
 648                         zo->zo_vdev_size = MAX(SPA_MINDEVSIZE, value);
 649                         break;
 650                 case 'a':
 651                         zo->zo_ashift = value;
 652                         break;
 653                 case 'm':
 654                         zo->zo_mirrors = value;
 655                         break;
 656                 case 'r':
 657                         zo->zo_raidz = MAX(1, value);
 658                         break;
 659                 case 'R':
 660                         zo->zo_raidz_parity = MIN(MAX(value, 1), 3);
 661                         break;
 662                 case 'd':
 663                         zo->zo_datasets = MAX(1, value);
 664                         break;
 665                 case 't':
 666                         zo->zo_threads = MAX(1, value);
 667                         break;
 668                 case 'g':
 669                         zo->zo_metaslab_gang_bang = MAX(SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE << 1,
 670                             value);
 671                         break;
 672                 case 'i':
 673                         zo->zo_init = value;
 674                         break;
 675                 case 'k':
 676                         zo->zo_killrate = value;
 677                         break;
 678                 case 'p':
 679                         (void) strlcpy(zo->zo_pool, optarg,
 680                             sizeof (zo->zo_pool));
 681                         break;
 682                 case 'f':
 683                         path = realpath(optarg, NULL);
 684                         if (path == NULL) {
 685                                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "error: %s: %s\n",
 686                                     optarg, strerror(errno));
 687                                 usage(B_FALSE);
 688                         } else {
 689                                 (void) strlcpy(zo->zo_dir, path,
 690                                     sizeof (zo->zo_dir));
 691                         }
 692                         break;
 693                 case 'V':
 694                         zo->zo_verbose++;
 695                         break;
 696                 case 'E':
 697                         zo->zo_init = 0;
 698                         break;
 699                 case 'T':
 700                         zo->zo_time = value;
 701                         break;
 702                 case 'P':
 703                         zo->zo_passtime = MAX(1, value);
 704                         break;
 705                 case 'F':
 706                         zo->zo_maxloops = MAX(1, value);
 707                         break;
 708                 case 'B':
 709                         (void) strlcpy(altdir, optarg, sizeof (altdir));
 710                         break;
 711                 case 'o':
 712                         if (set_global_var(optarg) != 0)
 713                                 usage(B_FALSE);
 714                         break;
 715                 case 'h':
 716                         usage(B_TRUE);
 717                         break;
 718                 case '?':
 719                 default:
 720                         usage(B_FALSE);
 721                         break;
 722                 }
 723         }
 724 
 725         zo->zo_raidz_parity = MIN(zo->zo_raidz_parity, zo->zo_raidz - 1);
 726 
 727         zo->zo_vdevtime =
 728             (zo->zo_vdevs > 0 ? zo->zo_time * NANOSEC / zo->zo_vdevs :
 729             UINT64_MAX >> 2);
 730 
 731         if (strlen(altdir) > 0) {
 732                 char *cmd;
 733                 char *realaltdir;
 734                 char *bin;
 735                 char *ztest;
 736                 char *isa;
 737                 int isalen;
 738 
 739                 cmd = umem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
 740                 realaltdir = umem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
 741 
 742                 VERIFY(NULL != realpath(getexecname(), cmd));
 743                 if (0 != access(altdir, F_OK)) {
 744                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 745                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate ztest path: %s",
 746                             altdir);
 747                 }
 748                 VERIFY(NULL != realpath(altdir, realaltdir));
 749 
 750                 /*
 751                  * 'cmd' should be of the form "<anything>/usr/bin/<isa>/ztest".
 752                  * We want to extract <isa> to determine if we should use
 753                  * 32 or 64 bit binaries.
 754                  */
 755                 bin = strstr(cmd, "/usr/bin/");
 756                 ztest = strstr(bin, "/ztest");
 757                 isa = bin + 9;
 758                 isalen = ztest - isa;
 759                 (void) snprintf(zo->zo_alt_ztest, sizeof (zo->zo_alt_ztest),
 760                     "%s/usr/bin/%.*s/ztest", realaltdir, isalen, isa);
 761                 (void) snprintf(zo->zo_alt_libpath, sizeof (zo->zo_alt_libpath),
 762                     "%s/usr/lib/%.*s", realaltdir, isalen, isa);
 763 
 764                 if (0 != access(zo->zo_alt_ztest, X_OK)) {
 765                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 766                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate ztest: %s",
 767                             zo->zo_alt_ztest);
 768                 } else if (0 != access(zo->zo_alt_libpath, X_OK)) {
 769                         ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
 770                         fatal(B_TRUE, "invalid alternate lib directory %s",
 771                             zo->zo_alt_libpath);
 772                 }
 773 
 774                 umem_free(cmd, MAXPATHLEN);
 775                 umem_free(realaltdir, MAXPATHLEN);
 776         }
 777 }
 778 
 779 static void
 780 ztest_kill(ztest_shared_t *zs)
 781 {
 782         zs->zs_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(ztest_spa));
 783         zs->zs_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(ztest_spa));
 784 
 785         /*
 786          * Before we kill off ztest, make sure that the config is updated.
 787          * See comment above spa_config_sync().
 788          */
 789         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
 790         spa_config_sync(ztest_spa, B_FALSE, B_FALSE);
 791         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
 792 
 793         zfs_dbgmsg_print(FTAG);
 794         (void) kill(getpid(), SIGKILL);
 795 }
 796 
 797 static uint64_t
 798 ztest_random(uint64_t range)
 799 {
 800         uint64_t r;
 801 
 802         ASSERT3S(ztest_fd_rand, >=, 0);
 803 
 804         if (range == 0)
 805                 return (0);
 806 
 807         if (read(ztest_fd_rand, &r, sizeof (r)) != sizeof (r))
 808                 fatal(1, "short read from /dev/urandom");
 809 
 810         return (r % range);
 811 }
 812 
 813 /* ARGSUSED */
 814 static void
 815 ztest_record_enospc(const char *s)
 816 {
 817         ztest_shared->zs_enospc_count++;
 818 }
 819 
 820 static uint64_t
 821 ztest_get_ashift(void)
 822 {
 823         if (ztest_opts.zo_ashift == 0)
 824                 return (SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT + ztest_random(5));
 825         return (ztest_opts.zo_ashift);
 826 }
 827 
 828 static nvlist_t *
 829 make_vdev_file(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size, uint64_t ashift)
 830 {
 831         char pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
 832         uint64_t vdev;
 833         nvlist_t *file;
 834 
 835         if (ashift == 0)
 836                 ashift = ztest_get_ashift();
 837 
 838         if (path == NULL) {
 839                 path = pathbuf;
 840 
 841                 if (aux != NULL) {
 842                         vdev = ztest_shared->zs_vdev_aux;
 843                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (pathbuf),
 844                             ztest_aux_template, ztest_opts.zo_dir,
 845                             pool == NULL ? ztest_opts.zo_pool : pool,
 846                             aux, vdev);
 847                 } else {
 848                         vdev = ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf++;
 849                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (pathbuf),
 850                             ztest_dev_template, ztest_opts.zo_dir,
 851                             pool == NULL ? ztest_opts.zo_pool : pool, vdev);
 852                 }
 853         }
 854 
 855         if (size != 0) {
 856                 int fd = open(path, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 857                 if (fd == -1)
 858                         fatal(1, "can't open %s", path);
 859                 if (ftruncate(fd, size) != 0)
 860                         fatal(1, "can't ftruncate %s", path);
 861                 (void) close(fd);
 862         }
 863 
 864         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&file, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 865         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_FILE) == 0);
 866         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_PATH, path) == 0);
 867         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(file, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT, ashift) == 0);
 868 
 869         return (file);
 870 }
 871 
 872 static nvlist_t *
 873 make_vdev_raidz(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size,
 874     uint64_t ashift, int r)
 875 {
 876         nvlist_t *raidz, **child;
 877         int c;
 878 
 879         if (r < 2)
 880                 return (make_vdev_file(path, aux, pool, size, ashift));
 881         child = umem_alloc(r * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 882 
 883         for (c = 0; c < r; c++)
 884                 child[c] = make_vdev_file(path, aux, pool, size, ashift);
 885 
 886         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&raidz, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 887         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 888             VDEV_TYPE_RAIDZ) == 0);
 889         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_NPARITY,
 890             ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity) == 0);
 891         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(raidz, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 892             child, r) == 0);
 893 
 894         for (c = 0; c < r; c++)
 895                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 896 
 897         umem_free(child, r * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 898 
 899         return (raidz);
 900 }
 901 
 902 static nvlist_t *
 903 make_vdev_mirror(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size,
 904     uint64_t ashift, int r, int m)
 905 {
 906         nvlist_t *mirror, **child;
 907         int c;
 908 
 909         if (m < 1)
 910                 return (make_vdev_raidz(path, aux, pool, size, ashift, r));
 911 
 912         child = umem_alloc(m * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 913 
 914         for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
 915                 child[c] = make_vdev_raidz(path, aux, pool, size, ashift, r);
 916 
 917         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&mirror, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 918         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(mirror, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
 919             VDEV_TYPE_MIRROR) == 0);
 920         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(mirror, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 921             child, m) == 0);
 922 
 923         for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
 924                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 925 
 926         umem_free(child, m * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 927 
 928         return (mirror);
 929 }
 930 
 931 static nvlist_t *
 932 make_vdev_root(char *path, char *aux, char *pool, size_t size, uint64_t ashift,
 933     int log, int r, int m, int t)
 934 {
 935         nvlist_t *root, **child;
 936         int c;
 937 
 938         ASSERT(t > 0);
 939 
 940         child = umem_alloc(t * sizeof (nvlist_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
 941 
 942         for (c = 0; c < t; c++) {
 943                 child[c] = make_vdev_mirror(path, aux, pool, size, ashift,
 944                     r, m);
 945                 VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
 946                     log) == 0);
 947         }
 948 
 949         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&root, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
 950         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(root, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
 951         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(root, aux ? aux : ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
 952             child, t) == 0);
 953 
 954         for (c = 0; c < t; c++)
 955                 nvlist_free(child[c]);
 956 
 957         umem_free(child, t * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
 958 
 959         return (root);
 960 }
 961 
 962 /*
 963  * Find a random spa version. Returns back a random spa version in the
 964  * range [initial_version, SPA_VERSION_FEATURES].
 965  */
 966 static uint64_t
 967 ztest_random_spa_version(uint64_t initial_version)
 968 {
 969         uint64_t version = initial_version;
 970 
 971         if (version <= SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES) {
 972                 version = version +
 973                     ztest_random(SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES - version + 1);
 974         }
 975 
 976         if (version > SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES)
 977                 version = SPA_VERSION_FEATURES;
 978 
 979         ASSERT(SPA_VERSION_IS_SUPPORTED(version));
 980         return (version);
 981 }
 982 
 983 static int
 984 ztest_random_blocksize(void)
 985 {
 986         uint64_t block_shift;
 987         /*
 988          * Choose a block size >= the ashift.
 989          * If the SPA supports new MAXBLOCKSIZE, test up to 1MB blocks.
 990          */
 991         int maxbs = SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSHIFT;
 992         if (spa_maxblocksize(ztest_spa) == SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE)
 993                 maxbs = 20;
 994         block_shift = ztest_random(maxbs - ztest_spa->spa_max_ashift + 1);
 995         return (1 << (SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT + block_shift));
 996 }
 997 
 998 static int
 999 ztest_random_ibshift(void)
1000 {
1001         return (DN_MIN_INDBLKSHIFT +
1002             ztest_random(DN_MAX_INDBLKSHIFT - DN_MIN_INDBLKSHIFT + 1));
1003 }
1004 
1005 static uint64_t
1006 ztest_random_vdev_top(spa_t *spa, boolean_t log_ok)
1007 {
1008         uint64_t top;
1009         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
1010         vdev_t *tvd;
1011 
1012         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_ALL, RW_READER) != 0);
1013 
1014         do {
1015                 top = ztest_random(rvd->vdev_children);
1016                 tvd = rvd->vdev_child[top];
1017         } while (tvd->vdev_ishole || (tvd->vdev_islog && !log_ok) ||
1018             tvd->vdev_mg == NULL || tvd->vdev_mg->mg_class == NULL);
1019 
1020         return (top);
1021 }
1022 
1023 static uint64_t
1024 ztest_random_dsl_prop(zfs_prop_t prop)
1025 {
1026         uint64_t value;
1027 
1028         do {
1029                 value = zfs_prop_random_value(prop, ztest_random(-1ULL));
1030         } while (prop == ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM && value == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
1031 
1032         return (value);
1033 }
1034 
1035 static int
1036 ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(char *osname, zfs_prop_t prop, uint64_t value,
1037     boolean_t inherit)
1038 {
1039         const char *propname = zfs_prop_to_name(prop);
1040         const char *valname;
1041         char setpoint[MAXPATHLEN];
1042         uint64_t curval;
1043         int error;
1044 
1045         error = dsl_prop_set_int(osname, propname,
1046             (inherit ? ZPROP_SRC_NONE : ZPROP_SRC_LOCAL), value);
1047 
1048         if (error == ENOSPC) {
1049                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
1050                 return (error);
1051         }
1052         ASSERT0(error);
1053 
1054         VERIFY0(dsl_prop_get_integer(osname, propname, &curval, setpoint));
1055 
1056         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
1057                 VERIFY(zfs_prop_index_to_string(prop, curval, &valname) == 0);
1058                 (void) printf("%s %s = %s at '%s'\n",
1059                     osname, propname, valname, setpoint);
1060         }
1061 
1062         return (error);
1063 }
1064 
1065 static int
1066 ztest_spa_prop_set_uint64(zpool_prop_t prop, uint64_t value)
1067 {
1068         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
1069         nvlist_t *props = NULL;
1070         int error;
1071 
1072         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
1073         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(props, zpool_prop_to_name(prop), value) == 0);
1074 
1075         error = spa_prop_set(spa, props);
1076 
1077         nvlist_free(props);
1078 
1079         if (error == ENOSPC) {
1080                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
1081                 return (error);
1082         }
1083         ASSERT0(error);
1084 
1085         return (error);
1086 }
1087 
1088 static void
1089 ztest_rll_init(rll_t *rll)
1090 {
1091         rll->rll_writer = NULL;
1092         rll->rll_readers = 0;
1093         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&rll->rll_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1094         VERIFY(cond_init(&rll->rll_cv, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1095 }
1096 
1097 static void
1098 ztest_rll_destroy(rll_t *rll)
1099 {
1100         ASSERT(rll->rll_writer == NULL);
1101         ASSERT(rll->rll_readers == 0);
1102         VERIFY(_mutex_destroy(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1103         VERIFY(cond_destroy(&rll->rll_cv) == 0);
1104 }
1105 
1106 static void
1107 ztest_rll_lock(rll_t *rll, rl_type_t type)
1108 {
1109         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1110 
1111         if (type == RL_READER) {
1112                 while (rll->rll_writer != NULL)
1113                         (void) cond_wait(&rll->rll_cv, &rll->rll_lock);
1114                 rll->rll_readers++;
1115         } else {
1116                 while (rll->rll_writer != NULL || rll->rll_readers)
1117                         (void) cond_wait(&rll->rll_cv, &rll->rll_lock);
1118                 rll->rll_writer = curthread;
1119         }
1120 
1121         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1122 }
1123 
1124 static void
1125 ztest_rll_unlock(rll_t *rll)
1126 {
1127         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1128 
1129         if (rll->rll_writer) {
1130                 ASSERT(rll->rll_readers == 0);
1131                 rll->rll_writer = NULL;
1132         } else {
1133                 ASSERT(rll->rll_readers != 0);
1134                 ASSERT(rll->rll_writer == NULL);
1135                 rll->rll_readers--;
1136         }
1137 
1138         if (rll->rll_writer == NULL && rll->rll_readers == 0)
1139                 VERIFY(cond_broadcast(&rll->rll_cv) == 0);
1140 
1141         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&rll->rll_lock) == 0);
1142 }
1143 
1144 static void
1145 ztest_object_lock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, rl_type_t type)
1146 {
1147         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_object_lock[object & (ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS - 1)];
1148 
1149         ztest_rll_lock(rll, type);
1150 }
1151 
1152 static void
1153 ztest_object_unlock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object)
1154 {
1155         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_object_lock[object & (ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS - 1)];
1156 
1157         ztest_rll_unlock(rll);
1158 }
1159 
1160 static rl_t *
1161 ztest_range_lock(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset,
1162     uint64_t size, rl_type_t type)
1163 {
1164         uint64_t hash = object ^ (offset % (ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS + 1));
1165         rll_t *rll = &zd->zd_range_lock[hash & (ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS - 1)];
1166         rl_t *rl;
1167 
1168         rl = umem_alloc(sizeof (*rl), UMEM_NOFAIL);
1169         rl->rl_object = object;
1170         rl->rl_offset = offset;
1171         rl->rl_size = size;
1172         rl->rl_lock = rll;
1173 
1174         ztest_rll_lock(rll, type);
1175 
1176         return (rl);
1177 }
1178 
1179 static void
1180 ztest_range_unlock(rl_t *rl)
1181 {
1182         rll_t *rll = rl->rl_lock;
1183 
1184         ztest_rll_unlock(rll);
1185 
1186         umem_free(rl, sizeof (*rl));
1187 }
1188 
1189 static void
1190 ztest_zd_init(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_shared_ds_t *szd, objset_t *os)
1191 {
1192         zd->zd_os = os;
1193         zd->zd_zilog = dmu_objset_zil(os);
1194         zd->zd_shared = szd;
1195         dmu_objset_name(os, zd->zd_name);
1196 
1197         if (zd->zd_shared != NULL)
1198                 zd->zd_shared->zd_seq = 0;
1199 
1200         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&zd->zd_zilog_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1201         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
1202 
1203         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS; l++)
1204                 ztest_rll_init(&zd->zd_object_lock[l]);
1205 
1206         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS; l++)
1207                 ztest_rll_init(&zd->zd_range_lock[l]);
1208 }
1209 
1210 static void
1211 ztest_zd_fini(ztest_ds_t *zd)
1212 {
1213         VERIFY(_mutex_destroy(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
1214 
1215         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_OBJECT_LOCKS; l++)
1216                 ztest_rll_destroy(&zd->zd_object_lock[l]);
1217 
1218         for (int l = 0; l < ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS; l++)
1219                 ztest_rll_destroy(&zd->zd_range_lock[l]);
1220 }
1221 
1222 #define TXG_MIGHTWAIT   (ztest_random(10) == 0 ? TXG_NOWAIT : TXG_WAIT)
1223 
1224 static uint64_t
1225 ztest_tx_assign(dmu_tx_t *tx, uint64_t txg_how, const char *tag)
1226 {
1227         uint64_t txg;
1228         int error;
1229 
1230         /*
1231          * Attempt to assign tx to some transaction group.
1232          */
1233         error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, txg_how);
1234         if (error) {
1235                 if (error == ERESTART) {
1236                         ASSERT(txg_how == TXG_NOWAIT);
1237                         dmu_tx_wait(tx);
1238                 } else {
1239                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOSPC);
1240                         ztest_record_enospc(tag);
1241                 }
1242                 dmu_tx_abort(tx);
1243                 return (0);
1244         }
1245         txg = dmu_tx_get_txg(tx);
1246         ASSERT(txg != 0);
1247         return (txg);
1248 }
1249 
1250 static void
1251 ztest_pattern_set(void *buf, uint64_t size, uint64_t value)
1252 {
1253         uint64_t *ip = buf;
1254         uint64_t *ip_end = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)size);
1255 
1256         while (ip < ip_end)
1257                 *ip++ = value;
1258 }
1259 
1260 static boolean_t
1261 ztest_pattern_match(void *buf, uint64_t size, uint64_t value)
1262 {
1263         uint64_t *ip = buf;
1264         uint64_t *ip_end = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)size);
1265         uint64_t diff = 0;
1266 
1267         while (ip < ip_end)
1268                 diff |= (value - *ip++);
1269 
1270         return (diff == 0);
1271 }
1272 
1273 static void
1274 ztest_bt_generate(ztest_block_tag_t *bt, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
1275     uint64_t offset, uint64_t gen, uint64_t txg, uint64_t crtxg)
1276 {
1277         bt->bt_magic = BT_MAGIC;
1278         bt->bt_objset = dmu_objset_id(os);
1279         bt->bt_object = object;
1280         bt->bt_offset = offset;
1281         bt->bt_gen = gen;
1282         bt->bt_txg = txg;
1283         bt->bt_crtxg = crtxg;
1284 }
1285 
1286 static void
1287 ztest_bt_verify(ztest_block_tag_t *bt, objset_t *os, uint64_t object,
1288     uint64_t offset, uint64_t gen, uint64_t txg, uint64_t crtxg)
1289 {
1290         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1291         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_objset, ==, dmu_objset_id(os));
1292         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_object, ==, object);
1293         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_offset, ==, offset);
1294         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_gen, <=, gen);
1295         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_txg, <=, txg);
1296         ASSERT3U(bt->bt_crtxg, ==, crtxg);
1297 }
1298 
1299 static ztest_block_tag_t *
1300 ztest_bt_bonus(dmu_buf_t *db)
1301 {
1302         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1303         ztest_block_tag_t *bt;
1304 
1305         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1306         ASSERT3U(doi.doi_bonus_size, <=, db->db_size);
1307         ASSERT3U(doi.doi_bonus_size, >=, sizeof (*bt));
1308         bt = (void *)((char *)db->db_data + doi.doi_bonus_size - sizeof (*bt));
1309 
1310         return (bt);
1311 }
1312 
1313 /*
1314  * ZIL logging ops
1315  */
1316 
1317 #define lrz_type        lr_mode
1318 #define lrz_blocksize   lr_uid
1319 #define lrz_ibshift     lr_gid
1320 #define lrz_bonustype   lr_rdev
1321 #define lrz_bonuslen    lr_crtime[1]
1322 
1323 static void
1324 ztest_log_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_create_t *lr)
1325 {
1326         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1327         size_t namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
1328         itx_t *itx;
1329 
1330         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1331                 return;
1332 
1333         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_CREATE, sizeof (*lr) + namesize);
1334         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1335             sizeof (*lr) + namesize - sizeof (lr_t));
1336 
1337         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1338 }
1339 
1340 static void
1341 ztest_log_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_remove_t *lr, uint64_t object)
1342 {
1343         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1344         size_t namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
1345         itx_t *itx;
1346 
1347         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1348                 return;
1349 
1350         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_REMOVE, sizeof (*lr) + namesize);
1351         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1352             sizeof (*lr) + namesize - sizeof (lr_t));
1353 
1354         itx->itx_oid = object;
1355         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1356 }
1357 
1358 static void
1359 ztest_log_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_write_t *lr)
1360 {
1361         itx_t *itx;
1362         itx_wr_state_t write_state = ztest_random(WR_NUM_STATES);
1363 
1364         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1365                 return;
1366 
1367         if (lr->lr_length > ZIL_MAX_LOG_DATA)
1368                 write_state = WR_INDIRECT;
1369 
1370         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_WRITE,
1371             sizeof (*lr) + (write_state == WR_COPIED ? lr->lr_length : 0));
1372 
1373         if (write_state == WR_COPIED &&
1374             dmu_read(zd->zd_os, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length,
1375             ((lr_write_t *)&itx->itx_lr) + 1, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) != 0) {
1376                 zil_itx_destroy(itx);
1377                 itx = zil_itx_create(TX_WRITE, sizeof (*lr));
1378                 write_state = WR_NEED_COPY;
1379         }
1380         itx->itx_private = zd;
1381         itx->itx_wr_state = write_state;
1382         itx->itx_sync = (ztest_random(8) == 0);
1383 
1384         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1385             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1386 
1387         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1388 }
1389 
1390 static void
1391 ztest_log_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_truncate_t *lr)
1392 {
1393         itx_t *itx;
1394 
1395         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1396                 return;
1397 
1398         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_TRUNCATE, sizeof (*lr));
1399         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1400             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1401 
1402         itx->itx_sync = B_FALSE;
1403         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1404 }
1405 
1406 static void
1407 ztest_log_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, dmu_tx_t *tx, lr_setattr_t *lr)
1408 {
1409         itx_t *itx;
1410 
1411         if (zil_replaying(zd->zd_zilog, tx))
1412                 return;
1413 
1414         itx = zil_itx_create(TX_SETATTR, sizeof (*lr));
1415         bcopy(&lr->lr_common + 1, &itx->itx_lr + 1,
1416             sizeof (*lr) - sizeof (lr_t));
1417 
1418         itx->itx_sync = B_FALSE;
1419         zil_itx_assign(zd->zd_zilog, itx, tx);
1420 }
1421 
1422 /*
1423  * ZIL replay ops
1424  */
1425 static int
1426 ztest_replay_create(void *arg1, void *arg2, boolean_t byteswap)
1427 {
1428         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg1;
1429         lr_create_t *lr = arg2;
1430         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1431         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1432         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1433         dmu_buf_t *db;
1434         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1435         uint64_t txg;
1436         int error = 0;
1437 
1438         if (byteswap)
1439                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1440 
1441         ASSERT(lr->lr_doid == ZTEST_DIROBJ);
1442         ASSERT(name[0] != '\0');
1443 
1444         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1445 
1446         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, lr->lr_doid, B_TRUE, name);
1447 
1448         if (lr->lrz_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1449                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, DMU_NEW_OBJECT, B_TRUE, NULL);
1450         } else {
1451                 dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, DMU_NEW_OBJECT);
1452         }
1453 
1454         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1455         if (txg == 0)
1456                 return (ENOSPC);
1457 
1458         ASSERT(dmu_objset_zil(os)->zl_replay == !!lr->lr_foid);
1459 
1460         if (lr->lrz_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1461                 if (lr->lr_foid == 0) {
1462                         lr->lr_foid = zap_create(os,
1463                             lr->lrz_type, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1464                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1465                 } else {
1466                         error = zap_create_claim(os, lr->lr_foid,
1467                             lr->lrz_type, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1468                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1469                 }
1470         } else {
1471                 if (lr->lr_foid == 0) {
1472                         lr->lr_foid = dmu_object_alloc(os,
1473                             lr->lrz_type, 0, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1474                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1475                 } else {
1476                         error = dmu_object_claim(os, lr->lr_foid,
1477                             lr->lrz_type, 0, lr->lrz_bonustype,
1478                             lr->lrz_bonuslen, tx);
1479                 }
1480         }
1481 
1482         if (error) {
1483                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, EEXIST);
1484                 ASSERT(zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay);
1485                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1486                 return (error);
1487         }
1488 
1489         ASSERT(lr->lr_foid != 0);
1490 
1491         if (lr->lrz_type != DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER)
1492                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_set_blocksize(os, lr->lr_foid,
1493                     lr->lrz_blocksize, lr->lrz_ibshift, tx));
1494 
1495         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1496         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1497         dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
1498         ztest_bt_generate(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_gen, txg, txg);
1499         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1500 
1501         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add(os, lr->lr_doid, name, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
1502             &lr->lr_foid, tx));
1503 
1504         (void) ztest_log_create(zd, tx, lr);
1505 
1506         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1507 
1508         return (0);
1509 }
1510 
1511 static int
1512 ztest_replay_remove(void *arg1, void *arg2, boolean_t byteswap)
1513 {
1514         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg1;
1515         lr_remove_t *lr = arg2;
1516         char *name = (void *)(lr + 1);          /* name follows lr */
1517         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1518         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1519         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1520         uint64_t object, txg;
1521 
1522         if (byteswap)
1523                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1524 
1525         ASSERT(lr->lr_doid == ZTEST_DIROBJ);
1526         ASSERT(name[0] != '\0');
1527 
1528         VERIFY3U(0, ==,
1529             zap_lookup(os, lr->lr_doid, name, sizeof (object), 1, &object));
1530         ASSERT(object != 0);
1531 
1532         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_WRITER);
1533 
1534         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi));
1535 
1536         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1537 
1538         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, lr->lr_doid, B_FALSE, name);
1539         dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, object, 0, DMU_OBJECT_END);
1540 
1541         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1542         if (txg == 0) {
1543                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1544                 return (ENOSPC);
1545         }
1546 
1547         if (doi.doi_type == DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER) {
1548                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_destroy(os, object, tx));
1549         } else {
1550                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_object_free(os, object, tx));
1551         }
1552 
1553         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, lr->lr_doid, name, tx));
1554 
1555         (void) ztest_log_remove(zd, tx, lr, object);
1556 
1557         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1558 
1559         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1560 
1561         return (0);
1562 }
1563 
1564 static int
1565 ztest_replay_write(void *arg1, void *arg2, boolean_t byteswap)
1566 {
1567         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg1;
1568         lr_write_t *lr = arg2;
1569         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1570         void *data = lr + 1;                    /* data follows lr */
1571         uint64_t offset, length;
1572         ztest_block_tag_t *bt = data;
1573         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1574         uint64_t gen, txg, lrtxg, crtxg;
1575         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1576         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1577         dmu_buf_t *db;
1578         arc_buf_t *abuf = NULL;
1579         rl_t *rl;
1580 
1581         if (byteswap)
1582                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1583 
1584         offset = lr->lr_offset;
1585         length = lr->lr_length;
1586 
1587         /* If it's a dmu_sync() block, write the whole block */
1588         if (lr->lr_common.lrc_reclen == sizeof (lr_write_t)) {
1589                 uint64_t blocksize = BP_GET_LSIZE(&lr->lr_blkptr);
1590                 if (length < blocksize) {
1591                         offset -= offset % blocksize;
1592                         length = blocksize;
1593                 }
1594         }
1595 
1596         if (bt->bt_magic == BSWAP_64(BT_MAGIC))
1597                 byteswap_uint64_array(bt, sizeof (*bt));
1598 
1599         if (bt->bt_magic != BT_MAGIC)
1600                 bt = NULL;
1601 
1602         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_READER);
1603         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, offset, length, RL_WRITER);
1604 
1605         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1606 
1607         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1608 
1609         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1610         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1611         gen = bbt->bt_gen;
1612         crtxg = bbt->bt_crtxg;
1613         lrtxg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1614 
1615         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1616 
1617         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, lr->lr_foid, offset, length);
1618 
1619         if (ztest_random(8) == 0 && length == doi.doi_data_block_size &&
1620             P2PHASE(offset, length) == 0)
1621                 abuf = dmu_request_arcbuf(db, length);
1622 
1623         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1624         if (txg == 0) {
1625                 if (abuf != NULL)
1626                         dmu_return_arcbuf(abuf);
1627                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1628                 ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1629                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1630                 return (ENOSPC);
1631         }
1632 
1633         if (bt != NULL) {
1634                 /*
1635                  * Usually, verify the old data before writing new data --
1636                  * but not always, because we also want to verify correct
1637                  * behavior when the data was not recently read into cache.
1638                  */
1639                 ASSERT(offset % doi.doi_data_block_size == 0);
1640                 if (ztest_random(4) != 0) {
1641                         int prefetch = ztest_random(2) ?
1642                             DMU_READ_PREFETCH : DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH;
1643                         ztest_block_tag_t rbt;
1644 
1645                         VERIFY(dmu_read(os, lr->lr_foid, offset,
1646                             sizeof (rbt), &rbt, prefetch) == 0);
1647                         if (rbt.bt_magic == BT_MAGIC) {
1648                                 ztest_bt_verify(&rbt, os, lr->lr_foid,
1649                                     offset, gen, txg, crtxg);
1650                         }
1651                 }
1652 
1653                 /*
1654                  * Writes can appear to be newer than the bonus buffer because
1655                  * the ztest_get_data() callback does a dmu_read() of the
1656                  * open-context data, which may be different than the data
1657                  * as it was when the write was generated.
1658                  */
1659                 if (zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay) {
1660                         ztest_bt_verify(bt, os, lr->lr_foid, offset,
1661                             MAX(gen, bt->bt_gen), MAX(txg, lrtxg),
1662                             bt->bt_crtxg);
1663                 }
1664 
1665                 /*
1666                  * Set the bt's gen/txg to the bonus buffer's gen/txg
1667                  * so that all of the usual ASSERTs will work.
1668                  */
1669                 ztest_bt_generate(bt, os, lr->lr_foid, offset, gen, txg, crtxg);
1670         }
1671 
1672         if (abuf == NULL) {
1673                 dmu_write(os, lr->lr_foid, offset, length, data, tx);
1674         } else {
1675                 bcopy(data, abuf->b_data, length);
1676                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(db, offset, abuf, tx);
1677         }
1678 
1679         (void) ztest_log_write(zd, tx, lr);
1680 
1681         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1682 
1683         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1684 
1685         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1686         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1687 
1688         return (0);
1689 }
1690 
1691 static int
1692 ztest_replay_truncate(void *arg1, void *arg2, boolean_t byteswap)
1693 {
1694         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg1;
1695         lr_truncate_t *lr = arg2;
1696         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1697         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1698         uint64_t txg;
1699         rl_t *rl;
1700 
1701         if (byteswap)
1702                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1703 
1704         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_READER);
1705         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length,
1706             RL_WRITER);
1707 
1708         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1709 
1710         dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset, lr->lr_length);
1711 
1712         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1713         if (txg == 0) {
1714                 ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1715                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1716                 return (ENOSPC);
1717         }
1718 
1719         VERIFY(dmu_free_range(os, lr->lr_foid, lr->lr_offset,
1720             lr->lr_length, tx) == 0);
1721 
1722         (void) ztest_log_truncate(zd, tx, lr);
1723 
1724         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1725 
1726         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
1727         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1728 
1729         return (0);
1730 }
1731 
1732 static int
1733 ztest_replay_setattr(void *arg1, void *arg2, boolean_t byteswap)
1734 {
1735         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg1;
1736         lr_setattr_t *lr = arg2;
1737         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1738         dmu_tx_t *tx;
1739         dmu_buf_t *db;
1740         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1741         uint64_t txg, lrtxg, crtxg;
1742 
1743         if (byteswap)
1744                 byteswap_uint64_array(lr, sizeof (*lr));
1745 
1746         ztest_object_lock(zd, lr->lr_foid, RL_WRITER);
1747 
1748         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, lr->lr_foid, FTAG, &db));
1749 
1750         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
1751         dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, lr->lr_foid);
1752 
1753         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
1754         if (txg == 0) {
1755                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1756                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1757                 return (ENOSPC);
1758         }
1759 
1760         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1761         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1762         crtxg = bbt->bt_crtxg;
1763         lrtxg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1764 
1765         if (zd->zd_zilog->zl_replay) {
1766                 ASSERT(lr->lr_size != 0);
1767                 ASSERT(lr->lr_mode != 0);
1768                 ASSERT(lrtxg != 0);
1769         } else {
1770                 /*
1771                  * Randomly change the size and increment the generation.
1772                  */
1773                 lr->lr_size = (ztest_random(db->db_size / sizeof (*bbt)) + 1) *
1774                     sizeof (*bbt);
1775                 lr->lr_mode = bbt->bt_gen + 1;
1776                 ASSERT(lrtxg == 0);
1777         }
1778 
1779         /*
1780          * Verify that the current bonus buffer is not newer than our txg.
1781          */
1782         ztest_bt_verify(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_mode,
1783             MAX(txg, lrtxg), crtxg);
1784 
1785         dmu_buf_will_dirty(db, tx);
1786 
1787         ASSERT3U(lr->lr_size, >=, sizeof (*bbt));
1788         ASSERT3U(lr->lr_size, <=, db->db_size);
1789         VERIFY0(dmu_set_bonus(db, lr->lr_size, tx));
1790         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1791 
1792         ztest_bt_generate(bbt, os, lr->lr_foid, -1ULL, lr->lr_mode, txg, crtxg);
1793 
1794         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1795 
1796         (void) ztest_log_setattr(zd, tx, lr);
1797 
1798         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
1799 
1800         ztest_object_unlock(zd, lr->lr_foid);
1801 
1802         return (0);
1803 }
1804 
1805 zil_replay_func_t *ztest_replay_vector[TX_MAX_TYPE] = {
1806         NULL,                   /* 0 no such transaction type */
1807         ztest_replay_create,    /* TX_CREATE */
1808         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR */
1809         NULL,                   /* TX_MKXATTR */
1810         NULL,                   /* TX_SYMLINK */
1811         ztest_replay_remove,    /* TX_REMOVE */
1812         NULL,                   /* TX_RMDIR */
1813         NULL,                   /* TX_LINK */
1814         NULL,                   /* TX_RENAME */
1815         ztest_replay_write,     /* TX_WRITE */
1816         ztest_replay_truncate,  /* TX_TRUNCATE */
1817         ztest_replay_setattr,   /* TX_SETATTR */
1818         NULL,                   /* TX_ACL */
1819         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ACL */
1820         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ATTR */
1821         NULL,                   /* TX_CREATE_ACL_ATTR */
1822         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ACL */
1823         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ATTR */
1824         NULL,                   /* TX_MKDIR_ACL_ATTR */
1825         NULL,                   /* TX_WRITE2 */
1826 };
1827 
1828 /*
1829  * ZIL get_data callbacks
1830  */
1831 
1832 static void
1833 ztest_get_done(zgd_t *zgd, int error)
1834 {
1835         ztest_ds_t *zd = zgd->zgd_private;
1836         uint64_t object = zgd->zgd_rl->rl_object;
1837 
1838         if (zgd->zgd_db)
1839                 dmu_buf_rele(zgd->zgd_db, zgd);
1840 
1841         ztest_range_unlock(zgd->zgd_rl);
1842         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1843 
1844         if (error == 0 && zgd->zgd_bp)
1845                 zil_lwb_add_block(zgd->zgd_lwb, zgd->zgd_bp);
1846 
1847         umem_free(zgd, sizeof (*zgd));
1848 }
1849 
1850 static int
1851 ztest_get_data(void *arg, lr_write_t *lr, char *buf, struct lwb *lwb,
1852     zio_t *zio)
1853 {
1854         ztest_ds_t *zd = arg;
1855         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
1856         uint64_t object = lr->lr_foid;
1857         uint64_t offset = lr->lr_offset;
1858         uint64_t size = lr->lr_length;
1859         uint64_t txg = lr->lr_common.lrc_txg;
1860         uint64_t crtxg;
1861         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1862         dmu_buf_t *db;
1863         zgd_t *zgd;
1864         int error;
1865 
1866         ASSERT3P(lwb, !=, NULL);
1867         ASSERT3P(zio, !=, NULL);
1868         ASSERT3U(size, !=, 0);
1869 
1870         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_READER);
1871         error = dmu_bonus_hold(os, object, FTAG, &db);
1872         if (error) {
1873                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1874                 return (error);
1875         }
1876 
1877         crtxg = ztest_bt_bonus(db)->bt_crtxg;
1878 
1879         if (crtxg == 0 || crtxg > txg) {
1880                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1881                 ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
1882                 return (ENOENT);
1883         }
1884 
1885         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1886         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1887         db = NULL;
1888 
1889         zgd = umem_zalloc(sizeof (*zgd), UMEM_NOFAIL);
1890         zgd->zgd_lwb = lwb;
1891         zgd->zgd_private = zd;
1892 
1893         if (buf != NULL) {      /* immediate write */
1894                 zgd->zgd_rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size,
1895                     RL_READER);
1896 
1897                 error = dmu_read(os, object, offset, size, buf,
1898                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
1899                 ASSERT(error == 0);
1900         } else {
1901                 size = doi.doi_data_block_size;
1902                 if (ISP2(size)) {
1903                         offset = P2ALIGN(offset, size);
1904                 } else {
1905                         ASSERT(offset < size);
1906                         offset = 0;
1907                 }
1908 
1909                 zgd->zgd_rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size,
1910                     RL_READER);
1911 
1912                 error = dmu_buf_hold(os, object, offset, zgd, &db,
1913                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
1914 
1915                 if (error == 0) {
1916                         blkptr_t *bp = &lr->lr_blkptr;
1917 
1918                         zgd->zgd_db = db;
1919                         zgd->zgd_bp = bp;
1920 
1921                         ASSERT(db->db_offset == offset);
1922                         ASSERT(db->db_size == size);
1923 
1924                         error = dmu_sync(zio, lr->lr_common.lrc_txg,
1925                             ztest_get_done, zgd);
1926 
1927                         if (error == 0)
1928                                 return (0);
1929                 }
1930         }
1931 
1932         ztest_get_done(zgd, error);
1933 
1934         return (error);
1935 }
1936 
1937 static void *
1938 ztest_lr_alloc(size_t lrsize, char *name)
1939 {
1940         char *lr;
1941         size_t namesize = name ? strlen(name) + 1 : 0;
1942 
1943         lr = umem_zalloc(lrsize + namesize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
1944 
1945         if (name)
1946                 bcopy(name, lr + lrsize, namesize);
1947 
1948         return (lr);
1949 }
1950 
1951 void
1952 ztest_lr_free(void *lr, size_t lrsize, char *name)
1953 {
1954         size_t namesize = name ? strlen(name) + 1 : 0;
1955 
1956         umem_free(lr, lrsize + namesize);
1957 }
1958 
1959 /*
1960  * Lookup a bunch of objects.  Returns the number of objects not found.
1961  */
1962 static int
1963 ztest_lookup(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
1964 {
1965         int missing = 0;
1966         int error;
1967 
1968         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
1969 
1970         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++, od++) {
1971                 od->od_object = 0;
1972                 error = zap_lookup(zd->zd_os, od->od_dir, od->od_name,
1973                     sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &od->od_object);
1974                 if (error) {
1975                         ASSERT(error == ENOENT);
1976                         ASSERT(od->od_object == 0);
1977                         missing++;
1978                 } else {
1979                         dmu_buf_t *db;
1980                         ztest_block_tag_t *bbt;
1981                         dmu_object_info_t doi;
1982 
1983                         ASSERT(od->od_object != 0);
1984                         ASSERT(missing == 0);   /* there should be no gaps */
1985 
1986                         ztest_object_lock(zd, od->od_object, RL_READER);
1987                         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(zd->zd_os,
1988                             od->od_object, FTAG, &db));
1989                         dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
1990                         bbt = ztest_bt_bonus(db);
1991                         ASSERT3U(bbt->bt_magic, ==, BT_MAGIC);
1992                         od->od_type = doi.doi_type;
1993                         od->od_blocksize = doi.doi_data_block_size;
1994                         od->od_gen = bbt->bt_gen;
1995                         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1996                         ztest_object_unlock(zd, od->od_object);
1997                 }
1998         }
1999 
2000         return (missing);
2001 }
2002 
2003 static int
2004 ztest_create(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
2005 {
2006         int missing = 0;
2007 
2008         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
2009 
2010         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++, od++) {
2011                 if (missing) {
2012                         od->od_object = 0;
2013                         missing++;
2014                         continue;
2015                 }
2016 
2017                 lr_create_t *lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2018 
2019                 lr->lr_doid = od->od_dir;
2020                 lr->lr_foid = 0;     /* 0 to allocate, > 0 to claim */
2021                 lr->lrz_type = od->od_crtype;
2022                 lr->lrz_blocksize = od->od_crblocksize;
2023                 lr->lrz_ibshift = ztest_random_ibshift();
2024                 lr->lrz_bonustype = DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER;
2025                 lr->lrz_bonuslen = dmu_bonus_max();
2026                 lr->lr_gen = od->od_crgen;
2027                 lr->lr_crtime[0] = time(NULL);
2028 
2029                 if (ztest_replay_create(zd, lr, B_FALSE) != 0) {
2030                         ASSERT(missing == 0);
2031                         od->od_object = 0;
2032                         missing++;
2033                 } else {
2034                         od->od_object = lr->lr_foid;
2035                         od->od_type = od->od_crtype;
2036                         od->od_blocksize = od->od_crblocksize;
2037                         od->od_gen = od->od_crgen;
2038                         ASSERT(od->od_object != 0);
2039                 }
2040 
2041                 ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2042         }
2043 
2044         return (missing);
2045 }
2046 
2047 static int
2048 ztest_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, int count)
2049 {
2050         int missing = 0;
2051         int error;
2052 
2053         ASSERT(_mutex_held(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
2054 
2055         od += count - 1;
2056 
2057         for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--, od--) {
2058                 if (missing) {
2059                         missing++;
2060                         continue;
2061                 }
2062 
2063                 /*
2064                  * No object was found.
2065                  */
2066                 if (od->od_object == 0)
2067                         continue;
2068 
2069                 lr_remove_t *lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2070 
2071                 lr->lr_doid = od->od_dir;
2072 
2073                 if ((error = ztest_replay_remove(zd, lr, B_FALSE)) != 0) {
2074                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOSPC);
2075                         missing++;
2076                 } else {
2077                         od->od_object = 0;
2078                 }
2079                 ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), od->od_name);
2080         }
2081 
2082         return (missing);
2083 }
2084 
2085 static int
2086 ztest_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size,
2087     void *data)
2088 {
2089         lr_write_t *lr;
2090         int error;
2091 
2092         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr) + size, NULL);
2093 
2094         lr->lr_foid = object;
2095         lr->lr_offset = offset;
2096         lr->lr_length = size;
2097         lr->lr_blkoff = 0;
2098         BP_ZERO(&lr->lr_blkptr);
2099 
2100         bcopy(data, lr + 1, size);
2101 
2102         error = ztest_replay_write(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2103 
2104         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr) + size, NULL);
2105 
2106         return (error);
2107 }
2108 
2109 static int
2110 ztest_truncate(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
2111 {
2112         lr_truncate_t *lr;
2113         int error;
2114 
2115         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2116 
2117         lr->lr_foid = object;
2118         lr->lr_offset = offset;
2119         lr->lr_length = size;
2120 
2121         error = ztest_replay_truncate(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2122 
2123         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2124 
2125         return (error);
2126 }
2127 
2128 static int
2129 ztest_setattr(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object)
2130 {
2131         lr_setattr_t *lr;
2132         int error;
2133 
2134         lr = ztest_lr_alloc(sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2135 
2136         lr->lr_foid = object;
2137         lr->lr_size = 0;
2138         lr->lr_mode = 0;
2139 
2140         error = ztest_replay_setattr(zd, lr, B_FALSE);
2141 
2142         ztest_lr_free(lr, sizeof (*lr), NULL);
2143 
2144         return (error);
2145 }
2146 
2147 static void
2148 ztest_prealloc(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
2149 {
2150         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
2151         dmu_tx_t *tx;
2152         uint64_t txg;
2153         rl_t *rl;
2154 
2155         txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
2156 
2157         ztest_object_lock(zd, object, RL_READER);
2158         rl = ztest_range_lock(zd, object, offset, size, RL_WRITER);
2159 
2160         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
2161 
2162         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, object, offset, size);
2163 
2164         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
2165 
2166         if (txg != 0) {
2167                 dmu_prealloc(os, object, offset, size, tx);
2168                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
2169                 txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), txg);
2170         } else {
2171                 (void) dmu_free_long_range(os, object, offset, size);
2172         }
2173 
2174         ztest_range_unlock(rl);
2175         ztest_object_unlock(zd, object);
2176 }
2177 
2178 static void
2179 ztest_io(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset)
2180 {
2181         int err;
2182         ztest_block_tag_t wbt;
2183         dmu_object_info_t doi;
2184         enum ztest_io_type io_type;
2185         uint64_t blocksize;
2186         void *data;
2187 
2188         VERIFY(dmu_object_info(zd->zd_os, object, &doi) == 0);
2189         blocksize = doi.doi_data_block_size;
2190         data = umem_alloc(blocksize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
2191 
2192         /*
2193          * Pick an i/o type at random, biased toward writing block tags.
2194          */
2195         io_type = ztest_random(ZTEST_IO_TYPES);
2196         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2197                 io_type = ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG;
2198 
2199         (void) rw_rdlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2200 
2201         switch (io_type) {
2202 
2203         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_TAG:
2204                 ztest_bt_generate(&wbt, zd->zd_os, object, offset, 0, 0, 0);
2205                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, sizeof (wbt), &wbt);
2206                 break;
2207 
2208         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_PATTERN:
2209                 (void) memset(data, 'a' + (object + offset) % 5, blocksize);
2210                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2211                         /*
2212                          * Induce fletcher2 collisions to ensure that
2213                          * zio_ddt_collision() detects and resolves them
2214                          * when using fletcher2-verify for deduplication.
2215                          */
2216                         ((uint64_t *)data)[0] ^= 1ULL << 63;
2217                         ((uint64_t *)data)[4] ^= 1ULL << 63;
2218                 }
2219                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2220                 break;
2221 
2222         case ZTEST_IO_WRITE_ZEROES:
2223                 bzero(data, blocksize);
2224                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2225                 break;
2226 
2227         case ZTEST_IO_TRUNCATE:
2228                 (void) ztest_truncate(zd, object, offset, blocksize);
2229                 break;
2230 
2231         case ZTEST_IO_SETATTR:
2232                 (void) ztest_setattr(zd, object);
2233                 break;
2234 
2235         case ZTEST_IO_REWRITE:
2236                 (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2237                 err = ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name,
2238                     ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM, spa_dedup_checksum(ztest_spa),
2239                     B_FALSE);
2240                 VERIFY(err == 0 || err == ENOSPC);
2241                 err = ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name,
2242                     ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION,
2243                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION),
2244                     B_FALSE);
2245                 VERIFY(err == 0 || err == ENOSPC);
2246                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2247 
2248                 VERIFY0(dmu_read(zd->zd_os, object, offset, blocksize, data,
2249                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH));
2250 
2251                 (void) ztest_write(zd, object, offset, blocksize, data);
2252                 break;
2253         }
2254 
2255         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2256 
2257         umem_free(data, blocksize);
2258 }
2259 
2260 /*
2261  * Initialize an object description template.
2262  */
2263 static void
2264 ztest_od_init(ztest_od_t *od, uint64_t id, char *tag, uint64_t index,
2265     dmu_object_type_t type, uint64_t blocksize, uint64_t gen)
2266 {
2267         od->od_dir = ZTEST_DIROBJ;
2268         od->od_object = 0;
2269 
2270         od->od_crtype = type;
2271         od->od_crblocksize = blocksize ? blocksize : ztest_random_blocksize();
2272         od->od_crgen = gen;
2273 
2274         od->od_type = DMU_OT_NONE;
2275         od->od_blocksize = 0;
2276         od->od_gen = 0;
2277 
2278         (void) snprintf(od->od_name, sizeof (od->od_name), "%s(%lld)[%llu]",
2279             tag, (int64_t)id, index);
2280 }
2281 
2282 /*
2283  * Lookup or create the objects for a test using the od template.
2284  * If the objects do not all exist, or if 'remove' is specified,
2285  * remove any existing objects and create new ones.  Otherwise,
2286  * use the existing objects.
2287  */
2288 static int
2289 ztest_object_init(ztest_ds_t *zd, ztest_od_t *od, size_t size, boolean_t remove)
2290 {
2291         int count = size / sizeof (*od);
2292         int rv = 0;
2293 
2294         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2295         if ((ztest_lookup(zd, od, count) != 0 || remove) &&
2296             (ztest_remove(zd, od, count) != 0 ||
2297             ztest_create(zd, od, count) != 0))
2298                 rv = -1;
2299         zd->zd_od = od;
2300         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2301 
2302         return (rv);
2303 }
2304 
2305 /* ARGSUSED */
2306 void
2307 ztest_zil_commit(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2308 {
2309         zilog_t *zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
2310 
2311         (void) rw_rdlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2312 
2313         zil_commit(zilog, ztest_random(ZTEST_OBJECTS));
2314 
2315         /*
2316          * Remember the committed values in zd, which is in parent/child
2317          * shared memory.  If we die, the next iteration of ztest_run()
2318          * will verify that the log really does contain this record.
2319          */
2320         mutex_enter(&zilog->zl_lock);
2321         ASSERT(zd->zd_shared != NULL);
2322         ASSERT3U(zd->zd_shared->zd_seq, <=, zilog->zl_commit_lr_seq);
2323         zd->zd_shared->zd_seq = zilog->zl_commit_lr_seq;
2324         mutex_exit(&zilog->zl_lock);
2325 
2326         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2327 }
2328 
2329 /*
2330  * This function is designed to simulate the operations that occur during a
2331  * mount/unmount operation.  We hold the dataset across these operations in an
2332  * attempt to expose any implicit assumptions about ZIL management.
2333  */
2334 /* ARGSUSED */
2335 void
2336 ztest_zil_remount(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2337 {
2338         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
2339 
2340         /*
2341          * We grab the zd_dirobj_lock to ensure that no other thread is
2342          * updating the zil (i.e. adding in-memory log records) and the
2343          * zd_zilog_lock to block any I/O.
2344          */
2345         VERIFY0(mutex_lock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock));
2346         (void) rw_wrlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2347 
2348         /* zfsvfs_teardown() */
2349         zil_close(zd->zd_zilog);
2350 
2351         /* zfsvfs_setup() */
2352         VERIFY(zil_open(os, ztest_get_data) == zd->zd_zilog);
2353         zil_replay(os, zd, ztest_replay_vector);
2354 
2355         (void) rw_unlock(&zd->zd_zilog_lock);
2356         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&zd->zd_dirobj_lock) == 0);
2357 }
2358 
2359 /*
2360  * Verify that we can't destroy an active pool, create an existing pool,
2361  * or create a pool with a bad vdev spec.
2362  */
2363 /* ARGSUSED */
2364 void
2365 ztest_spa_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2366 {
2367         ztest_shared_opts_t *zo = &ztest_opts;
2368         spa_t *spa;
2369         nvlist_t *nvroot;
2370 
2371         /*
2372          * Attempt to create using a bad file.
2373          */
2374         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2375         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==,
2376             spa_create("ztest_bad_file", nvroot, NULL, NULL));
2377         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2378 
2379         /*
2380          * Attempt to create using a bad mirror.
2381          */
2382         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1);
2383         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==,
2384             spa_create("ztest_bad_mirror", nvroot, NULL, NULL));
2385         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2386 
2387         /*
2388          * Attempt to create an existing pool.  It shouldn't matter
2389          * what's in the nvroot; we should fail with EEXIST.
2390          */
2391         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2392         nvroot = make_vdev_root("/dev/bogus", NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2393         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_create(zo->zo_pool, nvroot, NULL, NULL));
2394         nvlist_free(nvroot);
2395         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(zo->zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
2396         VERIFY3U(EBUSY, ==, spa_destroy(zo->zo_pool));
2397         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
2398 
2399         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2400 }
2401 
2402 /* ARGSUSED */
2403 void
2404 ztest_spa_upgrade(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2405 {
2406         spa_t *spa;
2407         uint64_t initial_version = SPA_VERSION_INITIAL;
2408         uint64_t version, newversion;
2409         nvlist_t *nvroot, *props;
2410         char *name;
2411 
2412         VERIFY0(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock));
2413         name = kmem_asprintf("%s_upgrade", ztest_opts.zo_pool);
2414 
2415         /*
2416          * Clean up from previous runs.
2417          */
2418         (void) spa_destroy(name);
2419 
2420         nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, name, ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
2421             0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz, ztest_opts.zo_mirrors, 1);
2422 
2423         /*
2424          * If we're configuring a RAIDZ device then make sure that the
2425          * the initial version is capable of supporting that feature.
2426          */
2427         switch (ztest_opts.zo_raidz_parity) {
2428         case 0:
2429         case 1:
2430                 initial_version = SPA_VERSION_INITIAL;
2431                 break;
2432         case 2:
2433                 initial_version = SPA_VERSION_RAIDZ2;
2434                 break;
2435         case 3:
2436                 initial_version = SPA_VERSION_RAIDZ3;
2437                 break;
2438         }
2439 
2440         /*
2441          * Create a pool with a spa version that can be upgraded. Pick
2442          * a value between initial_version and SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES.
2443          */
2444         do {
2445                 version = ztest_random_spa_version(initial_version);
2446         } while (version > SPA_VERSION_BEFORE_FEATURES);
2447 
2448         props = fnvlist_alloc();
2449         fnvlist_add_uint64(props,
2450             zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION), version);
2451         VERIFY0(spa_create(name, nvroot, props, NULL));
2452         fnvlist_free(nvroot);
2453         fnvlist_free(props);
2454 
2455         VERIFY0(spa_open(name, &spa, FTAG));
2456         VERIFY3U(spa_version(spa), ==, version);
2457         newversion = ztest_random_spa_version(version + 1);
2458 
2459         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
2460                 (void) printf("upgrading spa version from %llu to %llu\n",
2461                     (u_longlong_t)version, (u_longlong_t)newversion);
2462         }
2463 
2464         spa_upgrade(spa, newversion);
2465         VERIFY3U(spa_version(spa), >, version);
2466         VERIFY3U(spa_version(spa), ==, fnvlist_lookup_uint64(spa->spa_config,
2467             zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION)));
2468         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
2469 
2470         strfree(name);
2471         VERIFY0(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock));
2472 }
2473 
2474 static vdev_t *
2475 vdev_lookup_by_path(vdev_t *vd, const char *path)
2476 {
2477         vdev_t *mvd;
2478 
2479         if (vd->vdev_path != NULL && strcmp(path, vd->vdev_path) == 0)
2480                 return (vd);
2481 
2482         for (int c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
2483                 if ((mvd = vdev_lookup_by_path(vd->vdev_child[c], path)) !=
2484                     NULL)
2485                         return (mvd);
2486 
2487         return (NULL);
2488 }
2489 
2490 /*
2491  * Find the first available hole which can be used as a top-level.
2492  */
2493 int
2494 find_vdev_hole(spa_t *spa)
2495 {
2496         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2497         int c;
2498 
2499         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_VDEV, RW_READER) == SCL_VDEV);
2500 
2501         for (c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
2502                 vdev_t *cvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2503 
2504                 if (cvd->vdev_ishole)
2505                         break;
2506         }
2507         return (c);
2508 }
2509 
2510 /*
2511  * Verify that vdev_add() works as expected.
2512  */
2513 /* ARGSUSED */
2514 void
2515 ztest_vdev_add_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2516 {
2517         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2518         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2519         uint64_t leaves;
2520         uint64_t guid;
2521         nvlist_t *nvroot;
2522         int error;
2523 
2524         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2525         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors + zs->zs_splits, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
2526 
2527         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2528 
2529         ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf = find_vdev_hole(spa) * leaves;
2530 
2531         /*
2532          * If we have slogs then remove them 1/4 of the time.
2533          */
2534         if (spa_has_slogs(spa) && ztest_random(4) == 0) {
2535                 /*
2536                  * Grab the guid from the head of the log class rotor.
2537                  */
2538                 guid = spa_log_class(spa)->mc_rotor->mg_vd->vdev_guid;
2539 
2540                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2541 
2542                 /*
2543                  * We have to grab the zs_name_lock as writer to
2544                  * prevent a race between removing a slog (dmu_objset_find)
2545                  * and destroying a dataset. Removing the slog will
2546                  * grab a reference on the dataset which may cause
2547                  * dmu_objset_destroy() to fail with EBUSY thus
2548                  * leaving the dataset in an inconsistent state.
2549                  */
2550                 VERIFY(rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock) == 0);
2551                 error = spa_vdev_remove(spa, guid, B_FALSE);
2552                 VERIFY(rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock) == 0);
2553 
2554                 if (error && error != EEXIST)
2555                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_remove() = %d", error);
2556         } else {
2557                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2558 
2559                 /*
2560                  * Make 1/4 of the devices be log devices.
2561                  */
2562                 nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, NULL,
2563                     ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
2564                     ztest_random(4) == 0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz,
2565                     zs->zs_mirrors, 1);
2566 
2567                 error = spa_vdev_add(spa, nvroot);
2568                 nvlist_free(nvroot);
2569 
2570                 if (error == ENOSPC)
2571                         ztest_record_enospc("spa_vdev_add");
2572                 else if (error != 0)
2573                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_add() = %d", error);
2574         }
2575 
2576         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2577 }
2578 
2579 /*
2580  * Verify that adding/removing aux devices (l2arc, hot spare) works as expected.
2581  */
2582 /* ARGSUSED */
2583 void
2584 ztest_vdev_aux_add_remove(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2585 {
2586         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2587         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2588         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2589         spa_aux_vdev_t *sav;
2590         char *aux;
2591         uint64_t guid = 0;
2592         int error;
2593 
2594         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2595                 sav = &spa->spa_spares;
2596                 aux = ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES;
2597         } else {
2598                 sav = &spa->spa_l2cache;
2599                 aux = ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE;
2600         }
2601 
2602         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2603 
2604         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2605 
2606         if (sav->sav_count != 0 && ztest_random(4) == 0) {
2607                 /*
2608                  * Pick a random device to remove.
2609                  */
2610                 guid = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)]->vdev_guid;
2611         } else {
2612                 /*
2613                  * Find an unused device we can add.
2614                  */
2615                 zs->zs_vdev_aux = 0;
2616                 for (;;) {
2617                         char path[MAXPATHLEN];
2618                         int c;
2619                         (void) snprintf(path, sizeof (path), ztest_aux_template,
2620                             ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool, aux,
2621                             zs->zs_vdev_aux);
2622                         for (c = 0; c < sav->sav_count; c++)
2623                                 if (strcmp(sav->sav_vdevs[c]->vdev_path,
2624                                     path) == 0)
2625                                         break;
2626                         if (c == sav->sav_count &&
2627                             vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, path) == NULL)
2628                                 break;
2629                         zs->zs_vdev_aux++;
2630                 }
2631         }
2632 
2633         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2634 
2635         if (guid == 0) {
2636                 /*
2637                  * Add a new device.
2638                  */
2639                 nvlist_t *nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, aux, NULL,
2640                     (ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size * 5) / 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2641                 error = spa_vdev_add(spa, nvroot);
2642                 if (error != 0)
2643                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_add(%p) = %d", nvroot, error);
2644                 nvlist_free(nvroot);
2645         } else {
2646                 /*
2647                  * Remove an existing device.  Sometimes, dirty its
2648                  * vdev state first to make sure we handle removal
2649                  * of devices that have pending state changes.
2650                  */
2651                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2652                         (void) vdev_online(spa, guid, 0, NULL);
2653 
2654                 error = spa_vdev_remove(spa, guid, B_FALSE);
2655                 if (error != 0 && error != EBUSY)
2656                         fatal(0, "spa_vdev_remove(%llu) = %d", guid, error);
2657         }
2658 
2659         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2660 }
2661 
2662 /*
2663  * split a pool if it has mirror tlvdevs
2664  */
2665 /* ARGSUSED */
2666 void
2667 ztest_split_pool(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2668 {
2669         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2670         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2671         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2672         nvlist_t *tree, **child, *config, *split, **schild;
2673         uint_t c, children, schildren = 0, lastlogid = 0;
2674         int error = 0;
2675 
2676         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2677 
2678         /* ensure we have a useable config; mirrors of raidz aren't supported */
2679         if (zs->zs_mirrors < 3 || ztest_opts.zo_raidz > 1) {
2680                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2681                 return;
2682         }
2683 
2684         /* clean up the old pool, if any */
2685         (void) spa_destroy("splitp");
2686 
2687         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2688 
2689         /* generate a config from the existing config */
2690         mutex_enter(&spa->spa_props_lock);
2691         VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(spa->spa_config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
2692             &tree) == 0);
2693         mutex_exit(&spa->spa_props_lock);
2694 
2695         VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(tree, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &child,
2696             &children) == 0);
2697 
2698         schild = malloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (nvlist_t *));
2699         for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
2700                 vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2701                 nvlist_t **mchild;
2702                 uint_t mchildren;
2703 
2704                 if (tvd->vdev_islog || tvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_hole_ops) {
2705                         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&schild[schildren], NV_UNIQUE_NAME,
2706                             0) == 0);
2707                         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(schild[schildren],
2708                             ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, VDEV_TYPE_HOLE) == 0);
2709                         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(schild[schildren],
2710                             ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_HOLE, 1) == 0);
2711                         if (lastlogid == 0)
2712                                 lastlogid = schildren;
2713                         ++schildren;
2714                         continue;
2715                 }
2716                 lastlogid = 0;
2717                 VERIFY(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(child[c],
2718                     ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &mchild, &mchildren) == 0);
2719                 VERIFY(nvlist_dup(mchild[0], &schild[schildren++], 0) == 0);
2720         }
2721 
2722         /* OK, create a config that can be used to split */
2723         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&split, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
2724         VERIFY(nvlist_add_string(split, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE,
2725             VDEV_TYPE_ROOT) == 0);
2726         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist_array(split, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, schild,
2727             lastlogid != 0 ? lastlogid : schildren) == 0);
2728 
2729         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&config, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
2730         VERIFY(nvlist_add_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE, split) == 0);
2731 
2732         for (c = 0; c < schildren; c++)
2733                 nvlist_free(schild[c]);
2734         free(schild);
2735         nvlist_free(split);
2736 
2737         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2738 
2739         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2740         error = spa_vdev_split_mirror(spa, "splitp", config, NULL, B_FALSE);
2741         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
2742 
2743         nvlist_free(config);
2744 
2745         if (error == 0) {
2746                 (void) printf("successful split - results:\n");
2747                 mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
2748                 show_pool_stats(spa);
2749                 show_pool_stats(spa_lookup("splitp"));
2750                 mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
2751                 ++zs->zs_splits;
2752                 --zs->zs_mirrors;
2753         }
2754         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2755 
2756 }
2757 
2758 /*
2759  * Verify that we can attach and detach devices.
2760  */
2761 /* ARGSUSED */
2762 void
2763 ztest_vdev_attach_detach(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
2764 {
2765         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
2766         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
2767         spa_aux_vdev_t *sav = &spa->spa_spares;
2768         vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2769         vdev_t *oldvd, *newvd, *pvd;
2770         nvlist_t *root;
2771         uint64_t leaves;
2772         uint64_t leaf, top;
2773         uint64_t ashift = ztest_get_ashift();
2774         uint64_t oldguid, pguid;
2775         uint64_t oldsize, newsize;
2776         char oldpath[MAXPATHLEN], newpath[MAXPATHLEN];
2777         int replacing;
2778         int oldvd_has_siblings = B_FALSE;
2779         int newvd_is_spare = B_FALSE;
2780         int oldvd_is_log;
2781         int error, expected_error;
2782 
2783         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2784         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
2785 
2786         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
2787 
2788         /*
2789          * Decide whether to do an attach or a replace.
2790          */
2791         replacing = ztest_random(2);
2792 
2793         /*
2794          * Pick a random top-level vdev.
2795          */
2796         top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
2797 
2798         /*
2799          * Pick a random leaf within it.
2800          */
2801         leaf = ztest_random(leaves);
2802 
2803         /*
2804          * Locate this vdev.
2805          */
2806         oldvd = rvd->vdev_child[top];
2807         if (zs->zs_mirrors >= 1) {
2808                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_mirror_ops);
2809                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children >= zs->zs_mirrors);
2810                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[leaf / ztest_opts.zo_raidz];
2811         }
2812         if (ztest_opts.zo_raidz > 1) {
2813                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_raidz_ops);
2814                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children == ztest_opts.zo_raidz);
2815                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[leaf % ztest_opts.zo_raidz];
2816         }
2817 
2818         /*
2819          * If we're already doing an attach or replace, oldvd may be a
2820          * mirror vdev -- in which case, pick a random child.
2821          */
2822         while (oldvd->vdev_children != 0) {
2823                 oldvd_has_siblings = B_TRUE;
2824                 ASSERT(oldvd->vdev_children >= 2);
2825                 oldvd = oldvd->vdev_child[ztest_random(oldvd->vdev_children)];
2826         }
2827 
2828         oldguid = oldvd->vdev_guid;
2829         oldsize = vdev_get_min_asize(oldvd);
2830         oldvd_is_log = oldvd->vdev_top->vdev_islog;
2831         (void) strcpy(oldpath, oldvd->vdev_path);
2832         pvd = oldvd->vdev_parent;
2833         pguid = pvd->vdev_guid;
2834 
2835         /*
2836          * If oldvd has siblings, then half of the time, detach it.
2837          */
2838         if (oldvd_has_siblings && ztest_random(2) == 0) {
2839                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2840                 error = spa_vdev_detach(spa, oldguid, pguid, B_FALSE);
2841                 if (error != 0 && error != ENODEV && error != EBUSY &&
2842                     error != ENOTSUP)
2843                         fatal(0, "detach (%s) returned %d", oldpath, error);
2844                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2845                 return;
2846         }
2847 
2848         /*
2849          * For the new vdev, choose with equal probability between the two
2850          * standard paths (ending in either 'a' or 'b') or a random hot spare.
2851          */
2852         if (sav->sav_count != 0 && ztest_random(3) == 0) {
2853                 newvd = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)];
2854                 newvd_is_spare = B_TRUE;
2855                 (void) strcpy(newpath, newvd->vdev_path);
2856         } else {
2857                 (void) snprintf(newpath, sizeof (newpath), ztest_dev_template,
2858                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
2859                     top * leaves + leaf);
2860                 if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
2861                         newpath[strlen(newpath) - 1] = 'b';
2862                 newvd = vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, newpath);
2863         }
2864 
2865         if (newvd) {
2866                 newsize = vdev_get_min_asize(newvd);
2867         } else {
2868                 /*
2869                  * Make newsize a little bigger or smaller than oldsize.
2870                  * If it's smaller, the attach should fail.
2871                  * If it's larger, and we're doing a replace,
2872                  * we should get dynamic LUN growth when we're done.
2873                  */
2874                 newsize = 10 * oldsize / (9 + ztest_random(3));
2875         }
2876 
2877         /*
2878          * If pvd is not a mirror or root, the attach should fail with ENOTSUP,
2879          * unless it's a replace; in that case any non-replacing parent is OK.
2880          *
2881          * If newvd is already part of the pool, it should fail with EBUSY.
2882          *
2883          * If newvd is too small, it should fail with EOVERFLOW.
2884          */
2885         if (pvd->vdev_ops != &vdev_mirror_ops &&
2886             pvd->vdev_ops != &vdev_root_ops && (!replacing ||
2887             pvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_replacing_ops ||
2888             pvd->vdev_ops == &vdev_spare_ops))
2889                 expected_error = ENOTSUP;
2890         else if (newvd_is_spare && (!replacing || oldvd_is_log))
2891                 expected_error = ENOTSUP;
2892         else if (newvd == oldvd)
2893                 expected_error = replacing ? 0 : EBUSY;
2894         else if (vdev_lookup_by_path(rvd, newpath) != NULL)
2895                 expected_error = EBUSY;
2896         else if (newsize < oldsize)
2897                 expected_error = EOVERFLOW;
2898         else if (ashift > oldvd->vdev_top->vdev_ashift)
2899                 expected_error = EDOM;
2900         else
2901                 expected_error = 0;
2902 
2903         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
2904 
2905         /*
2906          * Build the nvlist describing newpath.
2907          */
2908         root = make_vdev_root(newpath, NULL, NULL, newvd == NULL ? newsize : 0,
2909             ashift, 0, 0, 0, 1);
2910 
2911         error = spa_vdev_attach(spa, oldguid, root, replacing);
2912 
2913         nvlist_free(root);
2914 
2915         /*
2916          * If our parent was the replacing vdev, but the replace completed,
2917          * then instead of failing with ENOTSUP we may either succeed,
2918          * fail with ENODEV, or fail with EOVERFLOW.
2919          */
2920         if (expected_error == ENOTSUP &&
2921             (error == 0 || error == ENODEV || error == EOVERFLOW))
2922                 expected_error = error;
2923 
2924         /*
2925          * If someone grew the LUN, the replacement may be too small.
2926          */
2927         if (error == EOVERFLOW || error == EBUSY)
2928                 expected_error = error;
2929 
2930         /* XXX workaround 6690467 */
2931         if (error != expected_error && expected_error != EBUSY) {
2932                 fatal(0, "attach (%s %llu, %s %llu, %d) "
2933                     "returned %d, expected %d",
2934                     oldpath, oldsize, newpath,
2935                     newsize, replacing, error, expected_error);
2936         }
2937 
2938         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
2939 }
2940 
2941 /*
2942  * Callback function which expands the physical size of the vdev.
2943  */
2944 vdev_t *
2945 grow_vdev(vdev_t *vd, void *arg)
2946 {
2947         spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2948         size_t *newsize = arg;
2949         size_t fsize;
2950         int fd;
2951 
2952         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_STATE, RW_READER) == SCL_STATE);
2953         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2954 
2955         if ((fd = open(vd->vdev_path, O_RDWR)) == -1)
2956                 return (vd);
2957 
2958         fsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
2959         (void) ftruncate(fd, *newsize);
2960 
2961         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
2962                 (void) printf("%s grew from %lu to %lu bytes\n",
2963                     vd->vdev_path, (ulong_t)fsize, (ulong_t)*newsize);
2964         }
2965         (void) close(fd);
2966         return (NULL);
2967 }
2968 
2969 /*
2970  * Callback function which expands a given vdev by calling vdev_online().
2971  */
2972 /* ARGSUSED */
2973 vdev_t *
2974 online_vdev(vdev_t *vd, void *arg)
2975 {
2976         spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2977         vdev_t *tvd = vd->vdev_top;
2978         uint64_t guid = vd->vdev_guid;
2979         uint64_t generation = spa->spa_config_generation + 1;
2980         vdev_state_t newstate = VDEV_STATE_UNKNOWN;
2981         int error;
2982 
2983         ASSERT(spa_config_held(spa, SCL_STATE, RW_READER) == SCL_STATE);
2984         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
2985 
2986         /* Calling vdev_online will initialize the new metaslabs */
2987         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
2988         error = vdev_online(spa, guid, ZFS_ONLINE_EXPAND, &newstate);
2989         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
2990 
2991         /*
2992          * If vdev_online returned an error or the underlying vdev_open
2993          * failed then we abort the expand. The only way to know that
2994          * vdev_open fails is by checking the returned newstate.
2995          */
2996         if (error || newstate != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
2997                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
2998                         (void) printf("Unable to expand vdev, state %llu, "
2999                             "error %d\n", (u_longlong_t)newstate, error);
3000                 }
3001                 return (vd);
3002         }
3003         ASSERT3U(newstate, ==, VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY);
3004 
3005         /*
3006          * Since we dropped the lock we need to ensure that we're
3007          * still talking to the original vdev. It's possible this
3008          * vdev may have been detached/replaced while we were
3009          * trying to online it.
3010          */
3011         if (generation != spa->spa_config_generation) {
3012                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3013                         (void) printf("vdev configuration has changed, "
3014                             "guid %llu, state %llu, expected gen %llu, "
3015                             "got gen %llu\n",
3016                             (u_longlong_t)guid,
3017                             (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_state,
3018                             (u_longlong_t)generation,
3019                             (u_longlong_t)spa->spa_config_generation);
3020                 }
3021                 return (vd);
3022         }
3023         return (NULL);
3024 }
3025 
3026 /*
3027  * Traverse the vdev tree calling the supplied function.
3028  * We continue to walk the tree until we either have walked all
3029  * children or we receive a non-NULL return from the callback.
3030  * If a NULL callback is passed, then we just return back the first
3031  * leaf vdev we encounter.
3032  */
3033 vdev_t *
3034 vdev_walk_tree(vdev_t *vd, vdev_t *(*func)(vdev_t *, void *), void *arg)
3035 {
3036         if (vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf) {
3037                 if (func == NULL)
3038                         return (vd);
3039                 else
3040                         return (func(vd, arg));
3041         }
3042 
3043         for (uint_t c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++) {
3044                 vdev_t *cvd = vd->vdev_child[c];
3045                 if ((cvd = vdev_walk_tree(cvd, func, arg)) != NULL)
3046                         return (cvd);
3047         }
3048         return (NULL);
3049 }
3050 
3051 /*
3052  * Verify that dynamic LUN growth works as expected.
3053  */
3054 /* ARGSUSED */
3055 void
3056 ztest_vdev_LUN_growth(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3057 {
3058         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
3059         vdev_t *vd, *tvd;
3060         metaslab_class_t *mc;
3061         metaslab_group_t *mg;
3062         size_t psize, newsize;
3063         uint64_t top;
3064         uint64_t old_class_space, new_class_space, old_ms_count, new_ms_count;
3065 
3066         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3067         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
3068 
3069         top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
3070 
3071         tvd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[top];
3072         mg = tvd->vdev_mg;
3073         mc = mg->mg_class;
3074         old_ms_count = tvd->vdev_ms_count;
3075         old_class_space = metaslab_class_get_space(mc);
3076 
3077         /*
3078          * Determine the size of the first leaf vdev associated with
3079          * our top-level device.
3080          */
3081         vd = vdev_walk_tree(tvd, NULL, NULL);
3082         ASSERT3P(vd, !=, NULL);
3083         ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf);
3084 
3085         psize = vd->vdev_psize;
3086 
3087         /*
3088          * We only try to expand the vdev if it's healthy, less than 4x its
3089          * original size, and it has a valid psize.
3090          */
3091         if (tvd->vdev_state != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY ||
3092             psize == 0 || psize >= 4 * ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size) {
3093                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3094                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3095                 return;
3096         }
3097         ASSERT(psize > 0);
3098         newsize = psize + psize / 8;
3099         ASSERT3U(newsize, >, psize);
3100 
3101         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6) {
3102                 (void) printf("Expanding LUN %s from %lu to %lu\n",
3103                     vd->vdev_path, (ulong_t)psize, (ulong_t)newsize);
3104         }
3105 
3106         /*
3107          * Growing the vdev is a two step process:
3108          *      1). expand the physical size (i.e. relabel)
3109          *      2). online the vdev to create the new metaslabs
3110          */
3111         if (vdev_walk_tree(tvd, grow_vdev, &newsize) != NULL ||
3112             vdev_walk_tree(tvd, online_vdev, NULL) != NULL ||
3113             tvd->vdev_state != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
3114                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3115                         (void) printf("Could not expand LUN because "
3116                             "the vdev configuration changed.\n");
3117                 }
3118                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3119                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3120                 return;
3121         }
3122 
3123         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3124 
3125         /*
3126          * Expanding the LUN will update the config asynchronously,
3127          * thus we must wait for the async thread to complete any
3128          * pending tasks before proceeding.
3129          */
3130         for (;;) {
3131                 boolean_t done;
3132                 mutex_enter(&spa->spa_async_lock);
3133                 done = (spa->spa_async_thread == NULL && !spa->spa_async_tasks);
3134                 mutex_exit(&spa->spa_async_lock);
3135                 if (done)
3136                         break;
3137                 txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
3138                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100);
3139         }
3140 
3141         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, spa, RW_READER);
3142 
3143         tvd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[top];
3144         new_ms_count = tvd->vdev_ms_count;
3145         new_class_space = metaslab_class_get_space(mc);
3146 
3147         if (tvd->vdev_mg != mg || mg->mg_class != mc) {
3148                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3149                         (void) printf("Could not verify LUN expansion due to "
3150                             "intervening vdev offline or remove.\n");
3151                 }
3152                 spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3153                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3154                 return;
3155         }
3156 
3157         /*
3158          * Make sure we were able to grow the vdev.
3159          */
3160         if (new_ms_count <= old_ms_count)
3161                 fatal(0, "LUN expansion failed: ms_count %llu <= %llu\n",
3162                     old_ms_count, new_ms_count);
3163 
3164         /*
3165          * Make sure we were able to grow the pool.
3166          */
3167         if (new_class_space <= old_class_space)
3168                 fatal(0, "LUN expansion failed: class_space %llu <= %llu\n",
3169                     old_class_space, new_class_space);
3170 
3171         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5) {
3172                 char oldnumbuf[NN_NUMBUF_SZ], newnumbuf[NN_NUMBUF_SZ];
3173 
3174                 nicenum(old_class_space, oldnumbuf, sizeof (oldnumbuf));
3175                 nicenum(new_class_space, newnumbuf, sizeof (newnumbuf));
3176                 (void) printf("%s grew from %s to %s\n",
3177                     spa->spa_name, oldnumbuf, newnumbuf);
3178         }
3179 
3180         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, spa);
3181         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
3182 }
3183 
3184 /*
3185  * Verify that dmu_objset_{create,destroy,open,close} work as expected.
3186  */
3187 /* ARGSUSED */
3188 static void
3189 ztest_objset_create_cb(objset_t *os, void *arg, cred_t *cr, dmu_tx_t *tx)
3190 {
3191         /*
3192          * Create the objects common to all ztest datasets.
3193          */
3194         VERIFY(zap_create_claim(os, ZTEST_DIROBJ,
3195             DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, DMU_OT_NONE, 0, tx) == 0);
3196 }
3197 
3198 static int
3199 ztest_dataset_create(char *dsname)
3200 {
3201         uint64_t zilset = ztest_random(100);
3202         int err = dmu_objset_create(dsname, DMU_OST_OTHER, 0,
3203             ztest_objset_create_cb, NULL);
3204 
3205         if (err || zilset < 80)
3206                 return (err);
3207 
3208         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
3209                 (void) printf("Setting dataset %s to sync always\n", dsname);
3210         return (ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(dsname, ZFS_PROP_SYNC,
3211             ZFS_SYNC_ALWAYS, B_FALSE));
3212 }
3213 
3214 /* ARGSUSED */
3215 static int
3216 ztest_objset_destroy_cb(const char *name, void *arg)
3217 {
3218         objset_t *os;
3219         dmu_object_info_t doi;
3220         int error;
3221 
3222         /*
3223          * Verify that the dataset contains a directory object.
3224          */
3225         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os));
3226         error = dmu_object_info(os, ZTEST_DIROBJ, &doi);
3227         if (error != ENOENT) {
3228                 /* We could have crashed in the middle of destroying it */
3229                 ASSERT0(error);
3230                 ASSERT3U(doi.doi_type, ==, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER);
3231                 ASSERT3S(doi.doi_physical_blocks_512, >=, 0);
3232         }
3233         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3234 
3235         /*
3236          * Destroy the dataset.
3237          */
3238         if (strchr(name, '@') != NULL) {
3239                 VERIFY0(dsl_destroy_snapshot(name, B_TRUE));
3240         } else {
3241                 error = dsl_destroy_head(name);
3242                 /* There could be a hold on this dataset */
3243                 if (error != EBUSY)
3244                         ASSERT0(error);
3245         }
3246         return (0);
3247 }
3248 
3249 static boolean_t
3250 ztest_snapshot_create(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3251 {
3252         char snapname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3253         int error;
3254 
3255         (void) snprintf(snapname, sizeof (snapname), "%llu", (u_longlong_t)id);
3256 
3257         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, snapname);
3258         if (error == ENOSPC) {
3259                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3260                 return (B_FALSE);
3261         }
3262         if (error != 0 && error != EEXIST) {
3263                 fatal(0, "ztest_snapshot_create(%s@%s) = %d", osname,
3264                     snapname, error);
3265         }
3266         return (B_TRUE);
3267 }
3268 
3269 static boolean_t
3270 ztest_snapshot_destroy(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3271 {
3272         char snapname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3273         int error;
3274 
3275         (void) snprintf(snapname, sizeof (snapname), "%s@%llu", osname,
3276             (u_longlong_t)id);
3277 
3278         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snapname, B_FALSE);
3279         if (error != 0 && error != ENOENT)
3280                 fatal(0, "ztest_snapshot_destroy(%s) = %d", snapname, error);
3281         return (B_TRUE);
3282 }
3283 
3284 /* ARGSUSED */
3285 void
3286 ztest_dmu_objset_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3287 {
3288         ztest_ds_t zdtmp;
3289         int iters;
3290         int error;
3291         objset_t *os, *os2;
3292         char name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3293         zilog_t *zilog;
3294 
3295         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3296 
3297         (void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "%s/temp_%llu",
3298             ztest_opts.zo_pool, (u_longlong_t)id);
3299 
3300         /*
3301          * If this dataset exists from a previous run, process its replay log
3302          * half of the time.  If we don't replay it, then dmu_objset_destroy()
3303          * (invoked from ztest_objset_destroy_cb()) should just throw it away.
3304          */
3305         if (ztest_random(2) == 0 &&
3306             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os) == 0) {
3307                 ztest_zd_init(&zdtmp, NULL, os);
3308                 zil_replay(os, &zdtmp, ztest_replay_vector);
3309                 ztest_zd_fini(&zdtmp);
3310                 dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3311         }
3312 
3313         /*
3314          * There may be an old instance of the dataset we're about to
3315          * create lying around from a previous run.  If so, destroy it
3316          * and all of its snapshots.
3317          */
3318         (void) dmu_objset_find(name, ztest_objset_destroy_cb, NULL,
3319             DS_FIND_CHILDREN | DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS);
3320 
3321         /*
3322          * Verify that the destroyed dataset is no longer in the namespace.
3323          */
3324         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_TRUE,
3325             FTAG, &os));
3326 
3327         /*
3328          * Verify that we can create a new dataset.
3329          */
3330         error = ztest_dataset_create(name);
3331         if (error) {
3332                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3333                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3334                         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3335                         return;
3336                 }
3337                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", name, error);
3338         }
3339 
3340         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os));
3341 
3342         ztest_zd_init(&zdtmp, NULL, os);
3343 
3344         /*
3345          * Open the intent log for it.
3346          */
3347         zilog = zil_open(os, ztest_get_data);
3348 
3349         /*
3350          * Put some objects in there, do a little I/O to them,
3351          * and randomly take a couple of snapshots along the way.
3352          */
3353         iters = ztest_random(5);
3354         for (int i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
3355                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(&zdtmp, id);
3356                 if (ztest_random(iters) == 0)
3357                         (void) ztest_snapshot_create(name, i);
3358         }
3359 
3360         /*
3361          * Verify that we cannot create an existing dataset.
3362          */
3363         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==,
3364             dmu_objset_create(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, 0, NULL, NULL));
3365 
3366         /*
3367          * Verify that we can hold an objset that is also owned.
3368          */
3369         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_objset_hold(name, FTAG, &os2));
3370         dmu_objset_rele(os2, FTAG);
3371 
3372         /*
3373          * Verify that we cannot own an objset that is already owned.
3374          */
3375         VERIFY3U(EBUSY, ==,
3376             dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, FTAG, &os2));
3377 
3378         zil_close(zilog);
3379         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3380         ztest_zd_fini(&zdtmp);
3381 
3382         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3383 }
3384 
3385 /*
3386  * Verify that dmu_snapshot_{create,destroy,open,close} work as expected.
3387  */
3388 void
3389 ztest_dmu_snapshot_create_destroy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3390 {
3391         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3392         (void) ztest_snapshot_destroy(zd->zd_name, id);
3393         (void) ztest_snapshot_create(zd->zd_name, id);
3394         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3395 }
3396 
3397 /*
3398  * Cleanup non-standard snapshots and clones.
3399  */
3400 void
3401 ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(char *osname, uint64_t id)
3402 {
3403         char snap1name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3404         char clone1name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3405         char snap2name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3406         char clone2name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3407         char snap3name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3408         int error;
3409 
3410         (void) snprintf(snap1name, sizeof (snap1name),
3411             "%s@s1_%llu", osname, id);
3412         (void) snprintf(clone1name, sizeof (clone1name),
3413             "%s/c1_%llu", osname, id);
3414         (void) snprintf(snap2name, sizeof (snap2name),
3415             "%s@s2_%llu", clone1name, id);
3416         (void) snprintf(clone2name, sizeof (clone2name),
3417             "%s/c2_%llu", osname, id);
3418         (void) snprintf(snap3name, sizeof (snap3name),
3419             "%s@s3_%llu", clone1name, id);
3420 
3421         error = dsl_destroy_head(clone2name);
3422         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3423                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_head(%s) = %d", clone2name, error);
3424         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snap3name, B_FALSE);
3425         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3426                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3427         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snap2name, B_FALSE);
3428         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3429                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3430         error = dsl_destroy_head(clone1name);
3431         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3432                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_head(%s) = %d", clone1name, error);
3433         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(snap1name, B_FALSE);
3434         if (error && error != ENOENT)
3435                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3436 }
3437 
3438 /*
3439  * Verify dsl_dataset_promote handles EBUSY
3440  */
3441 void
3442 ztest_dsl_dataset_promote_busy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3443 {
3444         objset_t *os;
3445         char snap1name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3446         char clone1name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3447         char snap2name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3448         char clone2name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3449         char snap3name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3450         char *osname = zd->zd_name;
3451         int error;
3452 
3453         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3454 
3455         ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(osname, id);
3456 
3457         (void) snprintf(snap1name, sizeof (snap1name),
3458             "%s@s1_%llu", osname, id);
3459         (void) snprintf(clone1name, sizeof (clone1name),
3460             "%s/c1_%llu", osname, id);
3461         (void) snprintf(snap2name, sizeof (snap2name),
3462             "%s@s2_%llu", clone1name, id);
3463         (void) snprintf(clone2name, sizeof (clone2name),
3464             "%s/c2_%llu", osname, id);
3465         (void) snprintf(snap3name, sizeof (snap3name),
3466             "%s@s3_%llu", clone1name, id);
3467 
3468         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, strchr(snap1name, '@') + 1);
3469         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3470                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3471                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3472                         goto out;
3473                 }
3474                 fatal(0, "dmu_take_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap1name, error);
3475         }
3476 
3477         error = dmu_objset_clone(clone1name, snap1name);
3478         if (error) {
3479                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3480                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3481                         goto out;
3482                 }
3483                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", clone1name, error);
3484         }
3485 
3486         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(clone1name, strchr(snap2name, '@') + 1);
3487         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3488                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3489                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3490                         goto out;
3491                 }
3492                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3493         }
3494 
3495         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(clone1name, strchr(snap3name, '@') + 1);
3496         if (error && error != EEXIST) {
3497                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3498                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3499                         goto out;
3500                 }
3501                 fatal(0, "dmu_open_snapshot(%s) = %d", snap3name, error);
3502         }
3503 
3504         error = dmu_objset_clone(clone2name, snap3name);
3505         if (error) {
3506                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
3507                         ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3508                         goto out;
3509                 }
3510                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_create(%s) = %d", clone2name, error);
3511         }
3512 
3513         error = dmu_objset_own(snap2name, DMU_OST_ANY, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os);
3514         if (error)
3515                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_own(%s) = %d", snap2name, error);
3516         error = dsl_dataset_promote(clone2name, NULL);
3517         if (error == ENOSPC) {
3518                 dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3519                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
3520                 goto out;
3521         }
3522         if (error != EBUSY)
3523                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_promote(%s), %d, not EBUSY", clone2name,
3524                     error);
3525         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
3526 
3527 out:
3528         ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(osname, id);
3529 
3530         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
3531 }
3532 
3533 /*
3534  * Verify that dmu_object_{alloc,free} work as expected.
3535  */
3536 void
3537 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3538 {
3539         ztest_od_t od[4];
3540         int batchsize = sizeof (od) / sizeof (od[0]);
3541 
3542         for (int b = 0; b < batchsize; b++)
3543                 ztest_od_init(&od[b], id, FTAG, b, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
3544 
3545         /*
3546          * Destroy the previous batch of objects, create a new batch,
3547          * and do some I/O on the new objects.
3548          */
3549         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_TRUE) != 0)
3550                 return;
3551 
3552         while (ztest_random(4 * batchsize) != 0)
3553                 ztest_io(zd, od[ztest_random(batchsize)].od_object,
3554                     ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
3555 }
3556 
3557 /*
3558  * Verify that dmu_{read,write} work as expected.
3559  */
3560 void
3561 ztest_dmu_read_write(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3562 {
3563         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3564         ztest_od_t od[2];
3565         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3566         int i, freeit, error;
3567         uint64_t n, s, txg;
3568         bufwad_t *packbuf, *bigbuf, *pack, *bigH, *bigT;
3569         uint64_t packobj, packoff, packsize, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize;
3570         uint64_t chunksize = (1000 + ztest_random(1000)) * sizeof (uint64_t);
3571         uint64_t regions = 997;
3572         uint64_t stride = 123456789ULL;
3573         uint64_t width = 40;
3574         int free_percent = 5;
3575 
3576         /*
3577          * This test uses two objects, packobj and bigobj, that are always
3578          * updated together (i.e. in the same tx) so that their contents are
3579          * in sync and can be compared.  Their contents relate to each other
3580          * in a simple way: packobj is a dense array of 'bufwad' structures,
3581          * while bigobj is a sparse array of the same bufwads.  Specifically,
3582          * for any index n, there are three bufwads that should be identical:
3583          *
3584          *      packobj, at offset n * sizeof (bufwad_t)
3585          *      bigobj, at the head of the nth chunk
3586          *      bigobj, at the tail of the nth chunk
3587          *
3588          * The chunk size is arbitrary. It doesn't have to be a power of two,
3589          * and it doesn't have any relation to the object blocksize.
3590          * The only requirement is that it can hold at least two bufwads.
3591          *
3592          * Normally, we write the bufwad to each of these locations.
3593          * However, free_percent of the time we instead write zeroes to
3594          * packobj and perform a dmu_free_range() on bigobj.  By comparing
3595          * bigobj to packobj, we can verify that the DMU is correctly
3596          * tracking which parts of an object are allocated and free,
3597          * and that the contents of the allocated blocks are correct.
3598          */
3599 
3600         /*
3601          * Read the directory info.  If it's the first time, set things up.
3602          */
3603         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3604         ztest_od_init(&od[1], id, FTAG, 1, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3605 
3606         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3607                 return;
3608 
3609         bigobj = od[0].od_object;
3610         packobj = od[1].od_object;
3611         chunksize = od[0].od_gen;
3612         ASSERT(chunksize == od[1].od_gen);
3613 
3614         /*
3615          * Prefetch a random chunk of the big object.
3616          * Our aim here is to get some async reads in flight
3617          * for blocks that we may free below; the DMU should
3618          * handle this race correctly.
3619          */
3620         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3621         s = 1 + ztest_random(2 * width - 1);
3622         dmu_prefetch(os, bigobj, 0, n * chunksize, s * chunksize,
3623             ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ);
3624 
3625         /*
3626          * Pick a random index and compute the offsets into packobj and bigobj.
3627          */
3628         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3629         s = 1 + ztest_random(width - 1);
3630 
3631         packoff = n * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3632         packsize = s * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3633 
3634         bigoff = n * chunksize;
3635         bigsize = s * chunksize;
3636 
3637         packbuf = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3638         bigbuf = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3639 
3640         /*
3641          * free_percent of the time, free a range of bigobj rather than
3642          * overwriting it.
3643          */
3644         freeit = (ztest_random(100) < free_percent);
3645 
3646         /*
3647          * Read the current contents of our objects.
3648          */
3649         error = dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf,
3650             DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3651         ASSERT0(error);
3652         error = dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, bigbuf,
3653             DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3654         ASSERT0(error);
3655 
3656         /*
3657          * Get a tx for the mods to both packobj and bigobj.
3658          */
3659         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3660 
3661         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, packobj, packoff, packsize);
3662 
3663         if (freeit)
3664                 dmu_tx_hold_free(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3665         else
3666                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3667 
3668         /* This accounts for setting the checksum/compression. */
3669         dmu_tx_hold_bonus(tx, bigobj);
3670 
3671         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3672         if (txg == 0) {
3673                 umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3674                 umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3675                 return;
3676         }
3677 
3678         enum zio_checksum cksum;
3679         do {
3680                 cksum = (enum zio_checksum)
3681                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM);
3682         } while (cksum >= ZIO_CHECKSUM_LEGACY_FUNCTIONS);
3683         dmu_object_set_checksum(os, bigobj, cksum, tx);
3684 
3685         enum zio_compress comp;
3686         do {
3687                 comp = (enum zio_compress)
3688                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION);
3689         } while (comp >= ZIO_COMPRESS_LEGACY_FUNCTIONS);
3690         dmu_object_set_compress(os, bigobj, comp, tx);
3691 
3692         /*
3693          * For each index from n to n + s, verify that the existing bufwad
3694          * in packobj matches the bufwads at the head and tail of the
3695          * corresponding chunk in bigobj.  Then update all three bufwads
3696          * with the new values we want to write out.
3697          */
3698         for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
3699                 /* LINTED */
3700                 pack = (bufwad_t *)((char *)packbuf + i * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3701                 /* LINTED */
3702                 bigH = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigbuf + i * chunksize);
3703                 /* LINTED */
3704                 bigT = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigH + chunksize) - 1;
3705 
3706                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigH - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3707                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigT - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3708 
3709                 if (pack->bw_txg > txg)
3710                         fatal(0, "future leak: got %llx, open txg is %llx",
3711                             pack->bw_txg, txg);
3712 
3713                 if (pack->bw_data != 0 && pack->bw_index != n + i)
3714                         fatal(0, "wrong index: got %llx, wanted %llx+%llx",
3715                             pack->bw_index, n, i);
3716 
3717                 if (bcmp(pack, bigH, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3718                         fatal(0, "pack/bigH mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigH);
3719 
3720                 if (bcmp(pack, bigT, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3721                         fatal(0, "pack/bigT mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigT);
3722 
3723                 if (freeit) {
3724                         bzero(pack, sizeof (bufwad_t));
3725                 } else {
3726                         pack->bw_index = n + i;
3727                         pack->bw_txg = txg;
3728                         pack->bw_data = 1 + ztest_random(-2ULL);
3729                 }
3730                 *bigH = *pack;
3731                 *bigT = *pack;
3732         }
3733 
3734         /*
3735          * We've verified all the old bufwads, and made new ones.
3736          * Now write them out.
3737          */
3738         dmu_write(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf, tx);
3739 
3740         if (freeit) {
3741                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3742                         (void) printf("freeing offset %llx size %llx"
3743                             " txg %llx\n",
3744                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3745                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3746                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3747                 }
3748                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_free_range(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, tx));
3749         } else {
3750                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3751                         (void) printf("writing offset %llx size %llx"
3752                             " txg %llx\n",
3753                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3754                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3755                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3756                 }
3757                 dmu_write(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize, bigbuf, tx);
3758         }
3759 
3760         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
3761 
3762         /*
3763          * Sanity check the stuff we just wrote.
3764          */
3765         {
3766                 void *packcheck = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3767                 void *bigcheck = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3768 
3769                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3770                     packsize, packcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3771                 VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff,
3772                     bigsize, bigcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
3773 
3774                 ASSERT(bcmp(packbuf, packcheck, packsize) == 0);
3775                 ASSERT(bcmp(bigbuf, bigcheck, bigsize) == 0);
3776 
3777                 umem_free(packcheck, packsize);
3778                 umem_free(bigcheck, bigsize);
3779         }
3780 
3781         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3782         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3783 }
3784 
3785 void
3786 compare_and_update_pbbufs(uint64_t s, bufwad_t *packbuf, bufwad_t *bigbuf,
3787     uint64_t bigsize, uint64_t n, uint64_t chunksize, uint64_t txg)
3788 {
3789         uint64_t i;
3790         bufwad_t *pack;
3791         bufwad_t *bigH;
3792         bufwad_t *bigT;
3793 
3794         /*
3795          * For each index from n to n + s, verify that the existing bufwad
3796          * in packobj matches the bufwads at the head and tail of the
3797          * corresponding chunk in bigobj.  Then update all three bufwads
3798          * with the new values we want to write out.
3799          */
3800         for (i = 0; i < s; i++) {
3801                 /* LINTED */
3802                 pack = (bufwad_t *)((char *)packbuf + i * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3803                 /* LINTED */
3804                 bigH = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigbuf + i * chunksize);
3805                 /* LINTED */
3806                 bigT = (bufwad_t *)((char *)bigH + chunksize) - 1;
3807 
3808                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigH - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3809                 ASSERT((uintptr_t)bigT - (uintptr_t)bigbuf < bigsize);
3810 
3811                 if (pack->bw_txg > txg)
3812                         fatal(0, "future leak: got %llx, open txg is %llx",
3813                             pack->bw_txg, txg);
3814 
3815                 if (pack->bw_data != 0 && pack->bw_index != n + i)
3816                         fatal(0, "wrong index: got %llx, wanted %llx+%llx",
3817                             pack->bw_index, n, i);
3818 
3819                 if (bcmp(pack, bigH, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3820                         fatal(0, "pack/bigH mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigH);
3821 
3822                 if (bcmp(pack, bigT, sizeof (bufwad_t)) != 0)
3823                         fatal(0, "pack/bigT mismatch in %p/%p", pack, bigT);
3824 
3825                 pack->bw_index = n + i;
3826                 pack->bw_txg = txg;
3827                 pack->bw_data = 1 + ztest_random(-2ULL);
3828 
3829                 *bigH = *pack;
3830                 *bigT = *pack;
3831         }
3832 }
3833 
3834 void
3835 ztest_dmu_read_write_zcopy(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
3836 {
3837         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
3838         ztest_od_t od[2];
3839         dmu_tx_t *tx;
3840         uint64_t i;
3841         int error;
3842         uint64_t n, s, txg;
3843         bufwad_t *packbuf, *bigbuf;
3844         uint64_t packobj, packoff, packsize, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize;
3845         uint64_t blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
3846         uint64_t chunksize = blocksize;
3847         uint64_t regions = 997;
3848         uint64_t stride = 123456789ULL;
3849         uint64_t width = 9;
3850         dmu_buf_t *bonus_db;
3851         arc_buf_t **bigbuf_arcbufs;
3852         dmu_object_info_t doi;
3853 
3854         /*
3855          * This test uses two objects, packobj and bigobj, that are always
3856          * updated together (i.e. in the same tx) so that their contents are
3857          * in sync and can be compared.  Their contents relate to each other
3858          * in a simple way: packobj is a dense array of 'bufwad' structures,
3859          * while bigobj is a sparse array of the same bufwads.  Specifically,
3860          * for any index n, there are three bufwads that should be identical:
3861          *
3862          *      packobj, at offset n * sizeof (bufwad_t)
3863          *      bigobj, at the head of the nth chunk
3864          *      bigobj, at the tail of the nth chunk
3865          *
3866          * The chunk size is set equal to bigobj block size so that
3867          * dmu_assign_arcbuf() can be tested for object updates.
3868          */
3869 
3870         /*
3871          * Read the directory info.  If it's the first time, set things up.
3872          */
3873         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
3874         ztest_od_init(&od[1], id, FTAG, 1, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, chunksize);
3875 
3876         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
3877                 return;
3878 
3879         bigobj = od[0].od_object;
3880         packobj = od[1].od_object;
3881         blocksize = od[0].od_blocksize;
3882         chunksize = blocksize;
3883         ASSERT(chunksize == od[1].od_gen);
3884 
3885         VERIFY(dmu_object_info(os, bigobj, &doi) == 0);
3886         VERIFY(ISP2(doi.doi_data_block_size));
3887         VERIFY(chunksize == doi.doi_data_block_size);
3888         VERIFY(chunksize >= 2 * sizeof (bufwad_t));
3889 
3890         /*
3891          * Pick a random index and compute the offsets into packobj and bigobj.
3892          */
3893         n = ztest_random(regions) * stride + ztest_random(width);
3894         s = 1 + ztest_random(width - 1);
3895 
3896         packoff = n * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3897         packsize = s * sizeof (bufwad_t);
3898 
3899         bigoff = n * chunksize;
3900         bigsize = s * chunksize;
3901 
3902         packbuf = umem_zalloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3903         bigbuf = umem_zalloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3904 
3905         VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, bigobj, FTAG, &bonus_db));
3906 
3907         bigbuf_arcbufs = umem_zalloc(2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
3908 
3909         /*
3910          * Iteration 0 test zcopy for DB_UNCACHED dbufs.
3911          * Iteration 1 test zcopy to already referenced dbufs.
3912          * Iteration 2 test zcopy to dirty dbuf in the same txg.
3913          * Iteration 3 test zcopy to dbuf dirty in previous txg.
3914          * Iteration 4 test zcopy when dbuf is no longer dirty.
3915          * Iteration 5 test zcopy when it can't be done.
3916          * Iteration 6 one more zcopy write.
3917          */
3918         for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
3919                 uint64_t j;
3920                 uint64_t off;
3921 
3922                 /*
3923                  * In iteration 5 (i == 5) use arcbufs
3924                  * that don't match bigobj blksz to test
3925                  * dmu_assign_arcbuf() when it can't directly
3926                  * assign an arcbuf to a dbuf.
3927                  */
3928                 for (j = 0; j < s; j++) {
3929                         if (i != 5 || chunksize < (SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE * 2)) {
3930                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[j] =
3931                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize);
3932                         } else {
3933                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j] =
3934                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize / 2);
3935                                 bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1] =
3936                                     dmu_request_arcbuf(bonus_db, chunksize / 2);
3937                         }
3938                 }
3939 
3940                 /*
3941                  * Get a tx for the mods to both packobj and bigobj.
3942                  */
3943                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
3944 
3945                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, packobj, packoff, packsize);
3946                 dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize);
3947 
3948                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
3949                 if (txg == 0) {
3950                         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
3951                         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
3952                         for (j = 0; j < s; j++) {
3953                                 if (i != 5 ||
3954                                     chunksize < (SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE * 2)) {
3955                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(bigbuf_arcbufs[j]);
3956                                 } else {
3957                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(
3958                                             bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j]);
3959                                         dmu_return_arcbuf(
3960                                             bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1]);
3961                                 }
3962                         }
3963                         umem_free(bigbuf_arcbufs, 2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *));
3964                         dmu_buf_rele(bonus_db, FTAG);
3965                         return;
3966                 }
3967 
3968                 /*
3969                  * 50% of the time don't read objects in the 1st iteration to
3970                  * test dmu_assign_arcbuf() for the case when there're no
3971                  * existing dbufs for the specified offsets.
3972                  */
3973                 if (i != 0 || ztest_random(2) != 0) {
3974                         error = dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
3975                             packsize, packbuf, DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3976                         ASSERT0(error);
3977                         error = dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff, bigsize,
3978                             bigbuf, DMU_READ_PREFETCH);
3979                         ASSERT0(error);
3980                 }
3981                 compare_and_update_pbbufs(s, packbuf, bigbuf, bigsize,
3982                     n, chunksize, txg);
3983 
3984                 /*
3985                  * We've verified all the old bufwads, and made new ones.
3986                  * Now write them out.
3987                  */
3988                 dmu_write(os, packobj, packoff, packsize, packbuf, tx);
3989                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7) {
3990                         (void) printf("writing offset %llx size %llx"
3991                             " txg %llx\n",
3992                             (u_longlong_t)bigoff,
3993                             (u_longlong_t)bigsize,
3994                             (u_longlong_t)txg);
3995                 }
3996                 for (off = bigoff, j = 0; j < s; j++, off += chunksize) {
3997                         dmu_buf_t *dbt;
3998                         if (i != 5 || chunksize < (SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE * 2)) {
3999                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff),
4000                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[j]->b_data, chunksize);
4001                         } else {
4002                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff),
4003                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j]->b_data,
4004                                     chunksize / 2);
4005                                 bcopy((caddr_t)bigbuf + (off - bigoff) +
4006                                     chunksize / 2,
4007                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1]->b_data,
4008                                     chunksize / 2);
4009                         }
4010 
4011                         if (i == 1) {
4012                                 VERIFY(dmu_buf_hold(os, bigobj, off,
4013                                     FTAG, &dbt, DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH) == 0);
4014                         }
4015                         if (i != 5 || chunksize < (SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE * 2)) {
4016                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db, off,
4017                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[j], tx);
4018                         } else {
4019                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db, off,
4020                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j], tx);
4021                                 dmu_assign_arcbuf(bonus_db,
4022                                     off + chunksize / 2,
4023                                     bigbuf_arcbufs[2 * j + 1], tx);
4024                         }
4025                         if (i == 1) {
4026                                 dmu_buf_rele(dbt, FTAG);
4027                         }
4028                 }
4029                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4030 
4031                 /*
4032                  * Sanity check the stuff we just wrote.
4033                  */
4034                 {
4035                         void *packcheck = umem_alloc(packsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
4036                         void *bigcheck = umem_alloc(bigsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
4037 
4038                         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, packobj, packoff,
4039                             packsize, packcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
4040                         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, bigobj, bigoff,
4041                             bigsize, bigcheck, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
4042 
4043                         ASSERT(bcmp(packbuf, packcheck, packsize) == 0);
4044                         ASSERT(bcmp(bigbuf, bigcheck, bigsize) == 0);
4045 
4046                         umem_free(packcheck, packsize);
4047                         umem_free(bigcheck, bigsize);
4048                 }
4049                 if (i == 2) {
4050                         txg_wait_open(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
4051                 } else if (i == 3) {
4052                         txg_wait_synced(dmu_objset_pool(os), 0);
4053                 }
4054         }
4055 
4056         dmu_buf_rele(bonus_db, FTAG);
4057         umem_free(packbuf, packsize);
4058         umem_free(bigbuf, bigsize);
4059         umem_free(bigbuf_arcbufs, 2 * s * sizeof (arc_buf_t *));
4060 }
4061 
4062 /* ARGSUSED */
4063 void
4064 ztest_dmu_write_parallel(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4065 {
4066         ztest_od_t od[1];
4067         uint64_t offset = (1ULL << (ztest_random(20) + 43)) +
4068             (ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
4069 
4070         /*
4071          * Have multiple threads write to large offsets in an object
4072          * to verify that parallel writes to an object -- even to the
4073          * same blocks within the object -- doesn't cause any trouble.
4074          */
4075         ztest_od_init(&od[0], ID_PARALLEL, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
4076 
4077         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4078                 return;
4079 
4080         while (ztest_random(10) != 0)
4081                 ztest_io(zd, od[0].od_object, offset);
4082 }
4083 
4084 void
4085 ztest_dmu_prealloc(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4086 {
4087         ztest_od_t od[1];
4088         uint64_t offset = (1ULL << (ztest_random(4) + SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT)) +
4089             (ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
4090         uint64_t count = ztest_random(20) + 1;
4091         uint64_t blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
4092         void *data;
4093 
4094         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
4095 
4096         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4097                 return;
4098 
4099         if (ztest_truncate(zd, od[0].od_object, offset, count * blocksize) != 0)
4100                 return;
4101 
4102         ztest_prealloc(zd, od[0].od_object, offset, count * blocksize);
4103 
4104         data = umem_zalloc(blocksize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
4105 
4106         while (ztest_random(count) != 0) {
4107                 uint64_t randoff = offset + (ztest_random(count) * blocksize);
4108                 if (ztest_write(zd, od[0].od_object, randoff, blocksize,
4109                     data) != 0)
4110                         break;
4111                 while (ztest_random(4) != 0)
4112                         ztest_io(zd, od[0].od_object, randoff);
4113         }
4114 
4115         umem_free(data, blocksize);
4116 }
4117 
4118 /*
4119  * Verify that zap_{create,destroy,add,remove,update} work as expected.
4120  */
4121 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MIN_INTS      1
4122 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS      4
4123 #define ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS     1000
4124 
4125 void
4126 ztest_zap(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4127 {
4128         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4129         ztest_od_t od[1];
4130         uint64_t object;
4131         uint64_t txg, last_txg;
4132         uint64_t value[ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS];
4133         uint64_t zl_ints, zl_intsize, prop;
4134         int i, ints;
4135         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4136         char propname[100], txgname[100];
4137         int error;
4138         char *hc[2] = { "s.acl.h", ".s.open.h.hyLZlg" };
4139 
4140         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4141 
4142         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4143                 return;
4144 
4145         object = od[0].od_object;
4146 
4147         /*
4148          * Generate a known hash collision, and verify that
4149          * we can lookup and remove both entries.
4150          */
4151         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4152         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4153         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4154         if (txg == 0)
4155                 return;
4156         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4157                 value[i] = i;
4158                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_add(os, object, hc[i], sizeof (uint64_t),
4159                     1, &value[i], tx));
4160         }
4161         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4162                 VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, zap_add(os, object, hc[i],
4163                     sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &value[i], tx));
4164                 VERIFY3U(0, ==,
4165                     zap_length(os, object, hc[i], &zl_intsize, &zl_ints));
4166                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
4167                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, 1);
4168         }
4169         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4170                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, hc[i], tx));
4171         }
4172         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4173 
4174         /*
4175          * Generate a buch of random entries.
4176          */
4177         ints = MAX(ZTEST_ZAP_MIN_INTS, object % ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_INTS);
4178 
4179         prop = ztest_random(ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS);
4180         (void) sprintf(propname, "prop_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4181         (void) sprintf(txgname, "txg_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4182         bzero(value, sizeof (value));
4183         last_txg = 0;
4184 
4185         /*
4186          * If these zap entries already exist, validate their contents.
4187          */
4188         error = zap_length(os, object, txgname, &zl_intsize, &zl_ints);
4189         if (error == 0) {
4190                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
4191                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, 1);
4192 
4193                 VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, txgname, zl_intsize,
4194                     zl_ints, &last_txg) == 0);
4195 
4196                 VERIFY(zap_length(os, object, propname, &zl_intsize,
4197                     &zl_ints) == 0);
4198 
4199                 ASSERT3U(zl_intsize, ==, sizeof (uint64_t));
4200                 ASSERT3U(zl_ints, ==, ints);
4201 
4202                 VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, propname, zl_intsize,
4203                     zl_ints, value) == 0);
4204 
4205                 for (i = 0; i < ints; i++) {
4206                         ASSERT3U(value[i], ==, last_txg + object + i);
4207                 }
4208         } else {
4209                 ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4210         }
4211 
4212         /*
4213          * Atomically update two entries in our zap object.
4214          * The first is named txg_%llu, and contains the txg
4215          * in which the property was last updated.  The second
4216          * is named prop_%llu, and the nth element of its value
4217          * should be txg + object + n.
4218          */
4219         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4220         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4221         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4222         if (txg == 0)
4223                 return;
4224 
4225         if (last_txg > txg)
4226                 fatal(0, "zap future leak: old %llu new %llu", last_txg, txg);
4227 
4228         for (i = 0; i < ints; i++)
4229                 value[i] = txg + object + i;
4230 
4231         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_update(os, object, txgname, sizeof (uint64_t),
4232             1, &txg, tx));
4233         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_update(os, object, propname, sizeof (uint64_t),
4234             ints, value, tx));
4235 
4236         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4237 
4238         /*
4239          * Remove a random pair of entries.
4240          */
4241         prop = ztest_random(ZTEST_ZAP_MAX_PROPS);
4242         (void) sprintf(propname, "prop_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4243         (void) sprintf(txgname, "txg_%llu", (u_longlong_t)prop);
4244 
4245         error = zap_length(os, object, txgname, &zl_intsize, &zl_ints);
4246 
4247         if (error == ENOENT)
4248                 return;
4249 
4250         ASSERT0(error);
4251 
4252         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4253         dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4254         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4255         if (txg == 0)
4256                 return;
4257         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, txgname, tx));
4258         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_remove(os, object, propname, tx));
4259         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4260 }
4261 
4262 /*
4263  * Testcase to test the upgrading of a microzap to fatzap.
4264  */
4265 void
4266 ztest_fzap(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4267 {
4268         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4269         ztest_od_t od[1];
4270         uint64_t object, txg;
4271 
4272         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4273 
4274         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), !ztest_random(2)) != 0)
4275                 return;
4276 
4277         object = od[0].od_object;
4278 
4279         /*
4280          * Add entries to this ZAP and make sure it spills over
4281          * and gets upgraded to a fatzap. Also, since we are adding
4282          * 2050 entries we should see ptrtbl growth and leaf-block split.
4283          */
4284         for (int i = 0; i < 2050; i++) {
4285                 char name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
4286                 uint64_t value = i;
4287                 dmu_tx_t *tx;
4288                 int error;
4289 
4290                 (void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "fzap-%llu-%llu",
4291                     id, value);
4292 
4293                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4294                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, name);
4295                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4296                 if (txg == 0)
4297                         return;
4298                 error = zap_add(os, object, name, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
4299                     &value, tx);
4300                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
4301                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4302         }
4303 }
4304 
4305 /* ARGSUSED */
4306 void
4307 ztest_zap_parallel(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4308 {
4309         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4310         ztest_od_t od[1];
4311         uint64_t txg, object, count, wsize, wc, zl_wsize, zl_wc;
4312         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4313         int i, namelen, error;
4314         int micro = ztest_random(2);
4315         char name[20], string_value[20];
4316         void *data;
4317 
4318         ztest_od_init(&od[0], ID_PARALLEL, FTAG, micro, DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER, 0, 0);
4319 
4320         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4321                 return;
4322 
4323         object = od[0].od_object;
4324 
4325         /*
4326          * Generate a random name of the form 'xxx.....' where each
4327          * x is a random printable character and the dots are dots.
4328          * There are 94 such characters, and the name length goes from
4329          * 6 to 20, so there are 94^3 * 15 = 12,458,760 possible names.
4330          */
4331         namelen = ztest_random(sizeof (name) - 5) + 5 + 1;
4332 
4333         for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
4334                 name[i] = '!' + ztest_random('~' - '!' + 1);
4335         for (; i < namelen - 1; i++)
4336                 name[i] = '.';
4337         name[i] = '\0';
4338 
4339         if ((namelen & 1) || micro) {
4340                 wsize = sizeof (txg);
4341                 wc = 1;
4342                 data = &txg;
4343         } else {
4344                 wsize = 1;
4345                 wc = namelen;
4346                 data = string_value;
4347         }
4348 
4349         count = -1ULL;
4350         VERIFY0(zap_count(os, object, &count));
4351         ASSERT(count != -1ULL);
4352 
4353         /*
4354          * Select an operation: length, lookup, add, update, remove.
4355          */
4356         i = ztest_random(5);
4357 
4358         if (i >= 2) {
4359                 tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4360                 dmu_tx_hold_zap(tx, object, B_TRUE, NULL);
4361                 txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_MIGHTWAIT, FTAG);
4362                 if (txg == 0)
4363                         return;
4364                 bcopy(name, string_value, namelen);
4365         } else {
4366                 tx = NULL;
4367                 txg = 0;
4368                 bzero(string_value, namelen);
4369         }
4370 
4371         switch (i) {
4372 
4373         case 0:
4374                 error = zap_length(os, object, name, &zl_wsize, &zl_wc);
4375                 if (error == 0) {
4376                         ASSERT3U(wsize, ==, zl_wsize);
4377                         ASSERT3U(wc, ==, zl_wc);
4378                 } else {
4379                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4380                 }
4381                 break;
4382 
4383         case 1:
4384                 error = zap_lookup(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data);
4385                 if (error == 0) {
4386                         if (data == string_value &&
4387                             bcmp(name, data, namelen) != 0)
4388                                 fatal(0, "name '%s' != val '%s' len %d",
4389                                     name, data, namelen);
4390                 } else {
4391                         ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
4392                 }
4393                 break;
4394 
4395         case 2:
4396                 error = zap_add(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data, tx);
4397                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
4398                 break;
4399 
4400         case 3:
4401                 VERIFY(zap_update(os, object, name, wsize, wc, data, tx) == 0);
4402                 break;
4403 
4404         case 4:
4405                 error = zap_remove(os, object, name, tx);
4406                 ASSERT(error == 0 || error == ENOENT);
4407                 break;
4408         }
4409 
4410         if (tx != NULL)
4411                 dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4412 }
4413 
4414 /*
4415  * Commit callback data.
4416  */
4417 typedef struct ztest_cb_data {
4418         list_node_t             zcd_node;
4419         uint64_t                zcd_txg;
4420         int                     zcd_expected_err;
4421         boolean_t               zcd_added;
4422         boolean_t               zcd_called;
4423         spa_t                   *zcd_spa;
4424 } ztest_cb_data_t;
4425 
4426 /* This is the actual commit callback function */
4427 static void
4428 ztest_commit_callback(void *arg, int error)
4429 {
4430         ztest_cb_data_t *data = arg;
4431         uint64_t synced_txg;
4432 
4433         VERIFY(data != NULL);
4434         VERIFY3S(data->zcd_expected_err, ==, error);
4435         VERIFY(!data->zcd_called);
4436 
4437         synced_txg = spa_last_synced_txg(data->zcd_spa);
4438         if (data->zcd_txg > synced_txg)
4439                 fatal(0, "commit callback of txg %" PRIu64 " called prematurely"
4440                     ", last synced txg = %" PRIu64 "\n", data->zcd_txg,
4441                     synced_txg);
4442 
4443         data->zcd_called = B_TRUE;
4444 
4445         if (error == ECANCELED) {
4446                 ASSERT0(data->zcd_txg);
4447                 ASSERT(!data->zcd_added);
4448 
4449                 /*
4450                  * The private callback data should be destroyed here, but
4451                  * since we are going to check the zcd_called field after
4452                  * dmu_tx_abort(), we will destroy it there.
4453                  */
4454                 return;
4455         }
4456 
4457         /* Was this callback added to the global callback list? */
4458         if (!data->zcd_added)
4459                 goto out;
4460 
4461         ASSERT3U(data->zcd_txg, !=, 0);
4462 
4463         /* Remove our callback from the list */
4464         (void) mutex_lock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4465         list_remove(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, data);
4466         (void) mutex_unlock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4467 
4468 out:
4469         umem_free(data, sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t));
4470 }
4471 
4472 /* Allocate and initialize callback data structure */
4473 static ztest_cb_data_t *
4474 ztest_create_cb_data(objset_t *os, uint64_t txg)
4475 {
4476         ztest_cb_data_t *cb_data;
4477 
4478         cb_data = umem_zalloc(sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t), UMEM_NOFAIL);
4479 
4480         cb_data->zcd_txg = txg;
4481         cb_data->zcd_spa = dmu_objset_spa(os);
4482 
4483         return (cb_data);
4484 }
4485 
4486 /*
4487  * If a number of txgs equal to this threshold have been created after a commit
4488  * callback has been registered but not called, then we assume there is an
4489  * implementation bug.
4490  */
4491 #define ZTEST_COMMIT_CALLBACK_THRESH    (TXG_CONCURRENT_STATES + 2)
4492 
4493 /*
4494  * Commit callback test.
4495  */
4496 void
4497 ztest_dmu_commit_callbacks(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4498 {
4499         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4500         ztest_od_t od[1];
4501         dmu_tx_t *tx;
4502         ztest_cb_data_t *cb_data[3], *tmp_cb;
4503         uint64_t old_txg, txg;
4504         int i, error;
4505 
4506         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
4507 
4508         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
4509                 return;
4510 
4511         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
4512 
4513         cb_data[0] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, 0);
4514         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[0]);
4515 
4516         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t));
4517 
4518         /* Every once in a while, abort the transaction on purpose */
4519         if (ztest_random(100) == 0)
4520                 error = -1;
4521 
4522         if (!error)
4523                 error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, TXG_NOWAIT);
4524 
4525         txg = error ? 0 : dmu_tx_get_txg(tx);
4526 
4527         cb_data[0]->zcd_txg = txg;
4528         cb_data[1] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, txg);
4529         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[1]);
4530 
4531         if (error) {
4532                 /*
4533                  * It's not a strict requirement to call the registered
4534                  * callbacks from inside dmu_tx_abort(), but that's what
4535                  * it's supposed to happen in the current implementation
4536                  * so we will check for that.
4537                  */
4538                 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4539                         cb_data[i]->zcd_expected_err = ECANCELED;
4540                         VERIFY(!cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4541                 }
4542 
4543                 dmu_tx_abort(tx);
4544 
4545                 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
4546                         VERIFY(cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4547                         umem_free(cb_data[i], sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t));
4548                 }
4549 
4550                 return;
4551         }
4552 
4553         cb_data[2] = ztest_create_cb_data(os, txg);
4554         dmu_tx_callback_register(tx, ztest_commit_callback, cb_data[2]);
4555 
4556         /*
4557          * Read existing data to make sure there isn't a future leak.
4558          */
4559         VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t),
4560             &old_txg, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
4561 
4562         if (old_txg > txg)
4563                 fatal(0, "future leak: got %" PRIu64 ", open txg is %" PRIu64,
4564                     old_txg, txg);
4565 
4566         dmu_write(os, od[0].od_object, 0, sizeof (uint64_t), &txg, tx);
4567 
4568         (void) mutex_lock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4569 
4570         /*
4571          * Since commit callbacks don't have any ordering requirement and since
4572          * it is theoretically possible for a commit callback to be called
4573          * after an arbitrary amount of time has elapsed since its txg has been
4574          * synced, it is difficult to reliably determine whether a commit
4575          * callback hasn't been called due to high load or due to a flawed
4576          * implementation.
4577          *
4578          * In practice, we will assume that if after a certain number of txgs a
4579          * commit callback hasn't been called, then most likely there's an
4580          * implementation bug..
4581          */
4582         tmp_cb = list_head(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
4583         if (tmp_cb != NULL &&
4584             (txg - ZTEST_COMMIT_CALLBACK_THRESH) > tmp_cb->zcd_txg) {
4585                 fatal(0, "Commit callback threshold exceeded, oldest txg: %"
4586                     PRIu64 ", open txg: %" PRIu64 "\n", tmp_cb->zcd_txg, txg);
4587         }
4588 
4589         /*
4590          * Let's find the place to insert our callbacks.
4591          *
4592          * Even though the list is ordered by txg, it is possible for the
4593          * insertion point to not be the end because our txg may already be
4594          * quiescing at this point and other callbacks in the open txg
4595          * (from other objsets) may have sneaked in.
4596          */
4597         tmp_cb = list_tail(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
4598         while (tmp_cb != NULL && tmp_cb->zcd_txg > txg)
4599                 tmp_cb = list_prev(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, tmp_cb);
4600 
4601         /* Add the 3 callbacks to the list */
4602         for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
4603                 if (tmp_cb == NULL)
4604                         list_insert_head(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, cb_data[i]);
4605                 else
4606                         list_insert_after(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, tmp_cb,
4607                             cb_data[i]);
4608 
4609                 cb_data[i]->zcd_added = B_TRUE;
4610                 VERIFY(!cb_data[i]->zcd_called);
4611 
4612                 tmp_cb = cb_data[i];
4613         }
4614 
4615         (void) mutex_unlock(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
4616 
4617         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
4618 }
4619 
4620 /* ARGSUSED */
4621 void
4622 ztest_dsl_prop_get_set(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4623 {
4624         zfs_prop_t proplist[] = {
4625                 ZFS_PROP_CHECKSUM,
4626                 ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION,
4627                 ZFS_PROP_COPIES,
4628                 ZFS_PROP_DEDUP
4629         };
4630 
4631         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4632 
4633         for (int p = 0; p < sizeof (proplist) / sizeof (proplist[0]); p++)
4634                 (void) ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, proplist[p],
4635                     ztest_random_dsl_prop(proplist[p]), (int)ztest_random(2));
4636 
4637         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4638 }
4639 
4640 /* ARGSUSED */
4641 void
4642 ztest_spa_prop_get_set(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4643 {
4644         nvlist_t *props = NULL;
4645 
4646         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4647 
4648         (void) ztest_spa_prop_set_uint64(ZPOOL_PROP_DEDUPDITTO,
4649             ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN + ztest_random(ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN));
4650 
4651         VERIFY0(spa_prop_get(ztest_spa, &props));
4652 
4653         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
4654                 dump_nvlist(props, 4);
4655 
4656         nvlist_free(props);
4657 
4658         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4659 }
4660 
4661 static int
4662 user_release_one(const char *snapname, const char *holdname)
4663 {
4664         nvlist_t *snaps, *holds;
4665         int error;
4666 
4667         snaps = fnvlist_alloc();
4668         holds = fnvlist_alloc();
4669         fnvlist_add_boolean(holds, holdname);
4670         fnvlist_add_nvlist(snaps, snapname, holds);
4671         fnvlist_free(holds);
4672         error = dsl_dataset_user_release(snaps, NULL);
4673         fnvlist_free(snaps);
4674         return (error);
4675 }
4676 
4677 /*
4678  * Test snapshot hold/release and deferred destroy.
4679  */
4680 void
4681 ztest_dmu_snapshot_hold(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4682 {
4683         int error;
4684         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
4685         objset_t *origin;
4686         char snapname[100];
4687         char fullname[100];
4688         char clonename[100];
4689         char tag[100];
4690         char osname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
4691         nvlist_t *holds;
4692 
4693         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4694 
4695         dmu_objset_name(os, osname);
4696 
4697         (void) snprintf(snapname, sizeof (snapname), "sh1_%llu", id);
4698         (void) snprintf(fullname, sizeof (fullname), "%s@%s", osname, snapname);
4699         (void) snprintf(clonename, sizeof (clonename),
4700             "%s/ch1_%llu", osname, id);
4701         (void) snprintf(tag, sizeof (tag), "tag_%llu", id);
4702 
4703         /*
4704          * Clean up from any previous run.
4705          */
4706         error = dsl_destroy_head(clonename);
4707         if (error != ENOENT)
4708                 ASSERT0(error);
4709         error = user_release_one(fullname, tag);
4710         if (error != ESRCH && error != ENOENT)
4711                 ASSERT0(error);
4712         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_FALSE);
4713         if (error != ENOENT)
4714                 ASSERT0(error);
4715 
4716         /*
4717          * Create snapshot, clone it, mark snap for deferred destroy,
4718          * destroy clone, verify snap was also destroyed.
4719          */
4720         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, snapname);
4721         if (error) {
4722                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4723                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_snapshot");
4724                         goto out;
4725                 }
4726                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_snapshot(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4727         }
4728 
4729         error = dmu_objset_clone(clonename, fullname);
4730         if (error) {
4731                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4732                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_clone");
4733                         goto out;
4734                 }
4735                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_clone(%s) = %d", clonename, error);
4736         }
4737 
4738         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_TRUE);
4739         if (error) {
4740                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s, B_TRUE) = %d",
4741                     fullname, error);
4742         }
4743 
4744         error = dsl_destroy_head(clonename);
4745         if (error)
4746                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_head(%s) = %d", clonename, error);
4747 
4748         error = dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin);
4749         if (error != ENOENT)
4750                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_hold(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4751 
4752         /*
4753          * Create snapshot, add temporary hold, verify that we can't
4754          * destroy a held snapshot, mark for deferred destroy,
4755          * release hold, verify snapshot was destroyed.
4756          */
4757         error = dmu_objset_snapshot_one(osname, snapname);
4758         if (error) {
4759                 if (error == ENOSPC) {
4760                         ztest_record_enospc("dmu_objset_snapshot");
4761                         goto out;
4762                 }
4763                 fatal(0, "dmu_objset_snapshot(%s) = %d", fullname, error);
4764         }
4765 
4766         holds = fnvlist_alloc();
4767         fnvlist_add_string(holds, fullname, tag);
4768         error = dsl_dataset_user_hold(holds, 0, NULL);
4769         fnvlist_free(holds);
4770 
4771         if (error == ENOSPC) {
4772                 ztest_record_enospc("dsl_dataset_user_hold");
4773                 goto out;
4774         } else if (error) {
4775                 fatal(0, "dsl_dataset_user_hold(%s, %s) = %u",
4776                     fullname, tag, error);
4777         }
4778 
4779         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_FALSE);
4780         if (error != EBUSY) {
4781                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s, B_FALSE) = %d",
4782                     fullname, error);
4783         }
4784 
4785         error = dsl_destroy_snapshot(fullname, B_TRUE);
4786         if (error) {
4787                 fatal(0, "dsl_destroy_snapshot(%s, B_TRUE) = %d",
4788                     fullname, error);
4789         }
4790 
4791         error = user_release_one(fullname, tag);
4792         if (error)
4793                 fatal(0, "user_release_one(%s, %s) = %d", fullname, tag, error);
4794 
4795         VERIFY3U(dmu_objset_hold(fullname, FTAG, &origin), ==, ENOENT);
4796 
4797 out:
4798         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4799 }
4800 
4801 /*
4802  * Inject random faults into the on-disk data.
4803  */
4804 /* ARGSUSED */
4805 void
4806 ztest_fault_inject(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
4807 {
4808         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
4809         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
4810         int fd;
4811         uint64_t offset;
4812         uint64_t leaves;
4813         uint64_t bad = 0x1990c0ffeedecade;
4814         uint64_t top, leaf;
4815         char path0[MAXPATHLEN];
4816         char pathrand[MAXPATHLEN];
4817         size_t fsize;
4818         int bshift = SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT + 2;
4819         int iters = 1000;
4820         int maxfaults;
4821         int mirror_save;
4822         vdev_t *vd0 = NULL;
4823         uint64_t guid0 = 0;
4824         boolean_t islog = B_FALSE;
4825 
4826         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4827         maxfaults = MAXFAULTS();
4828         leaves = MAX(zs->zs_mirrors, 1) * ztest_opts.zo_raidz;
4829         mirror_save = zs->zs_mirrors;
4830         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4831 
4832         ASSERT(leaves >= 1);
4833 
4834         /*
4835          * Grab the name lock as reader. There are some operations
4836          * which don't like to have their vdevs changed while
4837          * they are in progress (i.e. spa_change_guid). Those
4838          * operations will have grabbed the name lock as writer.
4839          */
4840         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4841 
4842         /*
4843          * We need SCL_STATE here because we're going to look at vd0->vdev_tsd.
4844          */
4845         spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG, RW_READER);
4846 
4847         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
4848                 /*
4849                  * Inject errors on a normal data device or slog device.
4850                  */
4851                 top = ztest_random_vdev_top(spa, B_TRUE);
4852                 leaf = ztest_random(leaves) + zs->zs_splits;
4853 
4854                 /*
4855                  * Generate paths to the first leaf in this top-level vdev,
4856                  * and to the random leaf we selected.  We'll induce transient
4857                  * write failures and random online/offline activity on leaf 0,
4858                  * and we'll write random garbage to the randomly chosen leaf.
4859                  */
4860                 (void) snprintf(path0, sizeof (path0), ztest_dev_template,
4861                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
4862                     top * leaves + zs->zs_splits);
4863                 (void) snprintf(pathrand, sizeof (pathrand), ztest_dev_template,
4864                     ztest_opts.zo_dir, ztest_opts.zo_pool,
4865                     top * leaves + leaf);
4866 
4867                 vd0 = vdev_lookup_by_path(spa->spa_root_vdev, path0);
4868                 if (vd0 != NULL && vd0->vdev_top->vdev_islog)
4869                         islog = B_TRUE;
4870 
4871                 /*
4872                  * If the top-level vdev needs to be resilvered
4873                  * then we only allow faults on the device that is
4874                  * resilvering.
4875                  */
4876                 if (vd0 != NULL && maxfaults != 1 &&
4877                     (!vdev_resilver_needed(vd0->vdev_top, NULL, NULL) ||
4878                     vd0->vdev_resilver_txg != 0)) {
4879                         /*
4880                          * Make vd0 explicitly claim to be unreadable,
4881                          * or unwriteable, or reach behind its back
4882                          * and close the underlying fd.  We can do this if
4883                          * maxfaults == 0 because we'll fail and reexecute,
4884                          * and we can do it if maxfaults >= 2 because we'll
4885                          * have enough redundancy.  If maxfaults == 1, the
4886                          * combination of this with injection of random data
4887                          * corruption below exceeds the pool's fault tolerance.
4888                          */
4889                         vdev_file_t *vf = vd0->vdev_tsd;
4890 
4891                         if (vf != NULL && ztest_random(3) == 0) {
4892                                 (void) close(vf->vf_vnode->v_fd);
4893                                 vf->vf_vnode->v_fd = -1;
4894                         } else if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
4895                                 vd0->vdev_cant_read = B_TRUE;
4896                         } else {
4897                                 vd0->vdev_cant_write = B_TRUE;
4898                         }
4899                         guid0 = vd0->vdev_guid;
4900                 }
4901         } else {
4902                 /*
4903                  * Inject errors on an l2cache device.
4904                  */
4905                 spa_aux_vdev_t *sav = &spa->spa_l2cache;
4906 
4907                 if (sav->sav_count == 0) {
4908                         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
4909                         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4910                         return;
4911                 }
4912                 vd0 = sav->sav_vdevs[ztest_random(sav->sav_count)];
4913                 guid0 = vd0->vdev_guid;
4914                 (void) strcpy(path0, vd0->vdev_path);
4915                 (void) strcpy(pathrand, vd0->vdev_path);
4916 
4917                 leaf = 0;
4918                 leaves = 1;
4919                 maxfaults = INT_MAX;    /* no limit on cache devices */
4920         }
4921 
4922         spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
4923         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4924 
4925         /*
4926          * If we can tolerate two or more faults, or we're dealing
4927          * with a slog, randomly online/offline vd0.
4928          */
4929         if ((maxfaults >= 2 || islog) && guid0 != 0) {
4930                 if (ztest_random(10) < 6) {
4931                         int flags = (ztest_random(2) == 0 ?
4932                             ZFS_OFFLINE_TEMPORARY : 0);
4933 
4934                         /*
4935                          * We have to grab the zs_name_lock as writer to
4936                          * prevent a race between offlining a slog and
4937                          * destroying a dataset. Offlining the slog will
4938                          * grab a reference on the dataset which may cause
4939                          * dmu_objset_destroy() to fail with EBUSY thus
4940                          * leaving the dataset in an inconsistent state.
4941                          */
4942                         if (islog)
4943                                 (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4944 
4945                         VERIFY(vdev_offline(spa, guid0, flags) != EBUSY);
4946 
4947                         if (islog)
4948                                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
4949                 } else {
4950                         /*
4951                          * Ideally we would like to be able to randomly
4952                          * call vdev_[on|off]line without holding locks
4953                          * to force unpredictable failures but the side
4954                          * effects of vdev_[on|off]line prevent us from
4955                          * doing so. We grab the ztest_vdev_lock here to
4956                          * prevent a race between injection testing and
4957                          * aux_vdev removal.
4958                          */
4959                         VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4960                         (void) vdev_online(spa, guid0, 0, NULL);
4961                         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
4962                 }
4963         }
4964 
4965         if (maxfaults == 0)
4966                 return;
4967 
4968         /*
4969          * We have at least single-fault tolerance, so inject data corruption.
4970          */
4971         fd = open(pathrand, O_RDWR);
4972 
4973         if (fd == -1)   /* we hit a gap in the device namespace */
4974                 return;
4975 
4976         fsize = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
4977 
4978         while (--iters != 0) {
4979                 /*
4980                  * The offset must be chosen carefully to ensure that
4981                  * we do not inject a given logical block with errors
4982                  * on two different leaf devices, because ZFS can not
4983                  * tolerate that (if maxfaults==1).
4984                  *
4985                  * We divide each leaf into chunks of size
4986                  * (# leaves * SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE * 4).  Within each chunk
4987                  * there is a series of ranges to which we can inject errors.
4988                  * Each range can accept errors on only a single leaf vdev.
4989                  * The error injection ranges are separated by ranges
4990                  * which we will not inject errors on any device (DMZs).
4991                  * Each DMZ must be large enough such that a single block
4992                  * can not straddle it, so that a single block can not be
4993                  * a target in two different injection ranges (on different
4994                  * leaf vdevs).
4995                  *
4996                  * For example, with 3 leaves, each chunk looks like:
4997                  *    0 to  32M: injection range for leaf 0
4998                  *  32M to  64M: DMZ - no injection allowed
4999                  *  64M to  96M: injection range for leaf 1
5000                  *  96M to 128M: DMZ - no injection allowed
5001                  * 128M to 160M: injection range for leaf 2
5002                  * 160M to 192M: DMZ - no injection allowed
5003                  */
5004                 offset = ztest_random(fsize / (leaves << bshift)) *
5005                     (leaves << bshift) + (leaf << bshift) +
5006                     (ztest_random(1ULL << (bshift - 1)) & -8ULL);
5007 
5008                 /*
5009                  * Only allow damage to the labels at one end of the vdev.
5010                  *
5011                  * If all labels are damaged, the device will be totally
5012                  * inaccessible, which will result in loss of data,
5013                  * because we also damage (parts of) the other side of
5014                  * the mirror/raidz.
5015                  *
5016                  * Additionally, we will always have both an even and an
5017                  * odd label, so that we can handle crashes in the
5018                  * middle of vdev_config_sync().
5019                  */
5020                 if ((leaf & 1) == 0 && offset < VDEV_LABEL_START_SIZE)
5021                         continue;
5022 
5023                 /*
5024                  * The two end labels are stored at the "end" of the disk, but
5025                  * the end of the disk (vdev_psize) is aligned to
5026                  * sizeof (vdev_label_t).
5027                  */
5028                 uint64_t psize = P2ALIGN(fsize, sizeof (vdev_label_t));
5029                 if ((leaf & 1) == 1 &&
5030                     offset + sizeof (bad) > psize - VDEV_LABEL_END_SIZE)
5031                         continue;
5032 
5033                 VERIFY(mutex_lock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
5034                 if (mirror_save != zs->zs_mirrors) {
5035                         VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
5036                         (void) close(fd);
5037                         return;
5038                 }
5039 
5040                 if (pwrite(fd, &bad, sizeof (bad), offset) != sizeof (bad))
5041                         fatal(1, "can't inject bad word at 0x%llx in %s",
5042                             offset, pathrand);
5043 
5044                 VERIFY(mutex_unlock(&ztest_vdev_lock) == 0);
5045 
5046                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 7)
5047                         (void) printf("injected bad word into %s,"
5048                             " offset 0x%llx\n", pathrand, (u_longlong_t)offset);
5049         }
5050 
5051         (void) close(fd);
5052 }
5053 
5054 /*
5055  * Verify that DDT repair works as expected.
5056  */
5057 void
5058 ztest_ddt_repair(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5059 {
5060         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
5061         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
5062         objset_t *os = zd->zd_os;
5063         ztest_od_t od[1];
5064         uint64_t object, blocksize, txg, pattern, psize;
5065         enum zio_checksum checksum = spa_dedup_checksum(spa);
5066         dmu_buf_t *db;
5067         dmu_tx_t *tx;
5068         abd_t *abd;
5069         blkptr_t blk;
5070         int copies = 2 * ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN;
5071 
5072         blocksize = ztest_random_blocksize();
5073         blocksize = MIN(blocksize, 2048);       /* because we write so many */
5074 
5075         ztest_od_init(&od[0], id, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, blocksize, 0);
5076 
5077         if (ztest_object_init(zd, od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE) != 0)
5078                 return;
5079 
5080         /*
5081          * Take the name lock as writer to prevent anyone else from changing
5082          * the pool and dataset properies we need to maintain during this test.
5083          */
5084         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5085 
5086         if (ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, ZFS_PROP_DEDUP, checksum,
5087             B_FALSE) != 0 ||
5088             ztest_dsl_prop_set_uint64(zd->zd_name, ZFS_PROP_COPIES, 1,
5089             B_FALSE) != 0) {
5090                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5091                 return;
5092         }
5093 
5094         dmu_objset_stats_t dds;
5095         dsl_pool_config_enter(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
5096         dmu_objset_fast_stat(os, &dds);
5097         dsl_pool_config_exit(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
5098 
5099         object = od[0].od_object;
5100         blocksize = od[0].od_blocksize;
5101         pattern = zs->zs_guid ^ dds.dds_guid;
5102 
5103         ASSERT(object != 0);
5104 
5105         tx = dmu_tx_create(os);
5106         dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, object, 0, copies * blocksize);
5107         txg = ztest_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT, FTAG);
5108         if (txg == 0) {
5109                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5110                 return;
5111         }
5112 
5113         /*
5114          * Write all the copies of our block.
5115          */
5116         for (int i = 0; i < copies; i++) {
5117                 uint64_t offset = i * blocksize;
5118                 int error = dmu_buf_hold(os, object, offset, FTAG, &db,
5119                     DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH);
5120                 if (error != 0) {
5121                         fatal(B_FALSE, "dmu_buf_hold(%p, %llu, %llu) = %u",
5122                             os, (long long)object, (long long) offset, error);
5123                 }
5124                 ASSERT(db->db_offset == offset);
5125                 ASSERT(db->db_size == blocksize);
5126                 ASSERT(ztest_pattern_match(db->db_data, db->db_size, pattern) ||
5127                     ztest_pattern_match(db->db_data, db->db_size, 0ULL));
5128                 dmu_buf_will_fill(db, tx);
5129                 ztest_pattern_set(db->db_data, db->db_size, pattern);
5130                 dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
5131         }
5132 
5133         dmu_tx_commit(tx);
5134         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), txg);
5135 
5136         /*
5137          * Find out what block we got.
5138          */
5139         VERIFY0(dmu_buf_hold(os, object, 0, FTAG, &db,
5140             DMU_READ_NO_PREFETCH));
5141         blk = *((dmu_buf_impl_t *)db)->db_blkptr;
5142         dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
5143 
5144         /*
5145          * Damage the block.  Dedup-ditto will save us when we read it later.
5146          */
5147         psize = BP_GET_PSIZE(&blk);
5148         abd = abd_alloc_linear(psize, B_TRUE);
5149         ztest_pattern_set(abd_to_buf(abd), psize, ~pattern);
5150 
5151         (void) zio_wait(zio_rewrite(NULL, spa, 0, &blk,
5152             abd, psize, NULL, NULL, ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_WRITE,
5153             ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_INDUCE_DAMAGE, NULL));
5154 
5155         abd_free(abd);
5156 
5157         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5158 }
5159 
5160 /*
5161  * Scrub the pool.
5162  */
5163 /* ARGSUSED */
5164 void
5165 ztest_scrub(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5166 {
5167         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
5168 
5169         (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5170         (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100); /* wait a moment, then force a restart */
5171         (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5172 }
5173 
5174 /*
5175  * Change the guid for the pool.
5176  */
5177 /* ARGSUSED */
5178 void
5179 ztest_reguid(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5180 {
5181         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
5182         uint64_t orig, load;
5183         int error;
5184 
5185         orig = spa_guid(spa);
5186         load = spa_load_guid(spa);
5187 
5188         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5189         error = spa_change_guid(spa);
5190         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5191 
5192         if (error != 0)
5193                 return;
5194 
5195         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5196                 (void) printf("Changed guid old %llu -> %llu\n",
5197                     (u_longlong_t)orig, (u_longlong_t)spa_guid(spa));
5198         }
5199 
5200         VERIFY3U(orig, !=, spa_guid(spa));
5201         VERIFY3U(load, ==, spa_load_guid(spa));
5202 }
5203 
5204 /*
5205  * Rename the pool to a different name and then rename it back.
5206  */
5207 /* ARGSUSED */
5208 void
5209 ztest_spa_rename(ztest_ds_t *zd, uint64_t id)
5210 {
5211         char *oldname, *newname;
5212         spa_t *spa;
5213 
5214         (void) rw_wrlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5215 
5216         oldname = ztest_opts.zo_pool;
5217         newname = umem_alloc(strlen(oldname) + 5, UMEM_NOFAIL);
5218         (void) strcpy(newname, oldname);
5219         (void) strcat(newname, "_tmp");
5220 
5221         /*
5222          * Do the rename
5223          */
5224         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_rename(oldname, newname));
5225 
5226         /*
5227          * Try to open it under the old name, which shouldn't exist
5228          */
5229         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5230 
5231         /*
5232          * Open it under the new name and make sure it's still the same spa_t.
5233          */
5234         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(newname, &spa, FTAG));
5235 
5236         ASSERT(spa == ztest_spa);
5237         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5238 
5239         /*
5240          * Rename it back to the original
5241          */
5242         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_rename(newname, oldname));
5243 
5244         /*
5245          * Make sure it can still be opened
5246          */
5247         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5248 
5249         ASSERT(spa == ztest_spa);
5250         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5251 
5252         umem_free(newname, strlen(newname) + 1);
5253 
5254         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5255 }
5256 
5257 /*
5258  * Verify pool integrity by running zdb.
5259  */
5260 static void
5261 ztest_run_zdb(char *pool)
5262 {
5263         int status;
5264         char zdb[MAXPATHLEN + MAXNAMELEN + 20];
5265         char zbuf[1024];
5266         char *bin;
5267         char *ztest;
5268         char *isa;
5269         int isalen;
5270         FILE *fp;
5271 
5272         (void) realpath(getexecname(), zdb);
5273 
5274         /* zdb lives in /usr/sbin, while ztest lives in /usr/bin */
5275         bin = strstr(zdb, "/usr/bin/");
5276         ztest = strstr(bin, "/ztest");
5277         isa = bin + 8;
5278         isalen = ztest - isa;
5279         isa = strdup(isa);
5280         /* LINTED */
5281         (void) sprintf(bin,
5282             "/usr/sbin%.*s/zdb -bcc%s%s -G -d -U %s %s",
5283             isalen,
5284             isa,
5285             ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3 ? "s" : "",
5286             ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4 ? "v" : "",
5287             spa_config_path,
5288             pool);
5289         free(isa);
5290 
5291         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 5)
5292                 (void) printf("Executing %s\n", strstr(zdb, "zdb "));
5293 
5294         fp = popen(zdb, "r");
5295 
5296         while (fgets(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), fp) != NULL)
5297                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5298                         (void) printf("%s", zbuf);
5299 
5300         status = pclose(fp);
5301 
5302         if (status == 0)
5303                 return;
5304 
5305         ztest_dump_core = 0;
5306         if (WIFEXITED(status))
5307                 fatal(0, "'%s' exit code %d", zdb, WEXITSTATUS(status));
5308         else
5309                 fatal(0, "'%s' died with signal %d", zdb, WTERMSIG(status));
5310 }
5311 
5312 static void
5313 ztest_walk_pool_directory(char *header)
5314 {
5315         spa_t *spa = NULL;
5316 
5317         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5318                 (void) printf("%s\n", header);
5319 
5320         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
5321         while ((spa = spa_next(spa)) != NULL)
5322                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5323                         (void) printf("\t%s\n", spa_name(spa));
5324         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
5325 }
5326 
5327 static void
5328 ztest_spa_import_export(char *oldname, char *newname)
5329 {
5330         nvlist_t *config, *newconfig;
5331         uint64_t pool_guid;
5332         spa_t *spa;
5333         int error;
5334 
5335         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5336                 (void) printf("import/export: old = %s, new = %s\n",
5337                     oldname, newname);
5338         }
5339 
5340         /*
5341          * Clean up from previous runs.
5342          */
5343         (void) spa_destroy(newname);
5344 
5345         /*
5346          * Get the pool's configuration and guid.
5347          */
5348         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5349 
5350         /*
5351          * Kick off a scrub to tickle scrub/export races.
5352          */
5353         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
5354                 (void) spa_scan(spa, POOL_SCAN_SCRUB);
5355 
5356         pool_guid = spa_guid(spa);
5357         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5358 
5359         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools before export");
5360 
5361         /*
5362          * Export it.
5363          */
5364         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_export(oldname, &config, B_FALSE, B_FALSE));
5365 
5366         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools after export");
5367 
5368         /*
5369          * Try to import it.
5370          */
5371         newconfig = spa_tryimport(config);
5372         ASSERT(newconfig != NULL);
5373         nvlist_free(newconfig);
5374 
5375         /*
5376          * Import it under the new name.
5377          */
5378         error = spa_import(newname, config, NULL, 0);
5379         if (error != 0) {
5380                 dump_nvlist(config, 0);
5381                 fatal(B_FALSE, "couldn't import pool %s as %s: error %u",
5382                     oldname, newname, error);
5383         }
5384 
5385         ztest_walk_pool_directory("pools after import");
5386 
5387         /*
5388          * Try to import it again -- should fail with EEXIST.
5389          */
5390         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_import(newname, config, NULL, 0));
5391 
5392         /*
5393          * Try to import it under a different name -- should fail with EEXIST.
5394          */
5395         VERIFY3U(EEXIST, ==, spa_import(oldname, config, NULL, 0));
5396 
5397         /*
5398          * Verify that the pool is no longer visible under the old name.
5399          */
5400         VERIFY3U(ENOENT, ==, spa_open(oldname, &spa, FTAG));
5401 
5402         /*
5403          * Verify that we can open and close the pool using the new name.
5404          */
5405         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(newname, &spa, FTAG));
5406         ASSERT(pool_guid == spa_guid(spa));
5407         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5408 
5409         nvlist_free(config);
5410 }
5411 
5412 static void
5413 ztest_resume(spa_t *spa)
5414 {
5415         if (spa_suspended(spa) && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5416                 (void) printf("resuming from suspended state\n");
5417         spa_vdev_state_enter(spa, SCL_NONE);
5418         vdev_clear(spa, NULL);
5419         (void) spa_vdev_state_exit(spa, NULL, 0);
5420         (void) zio_resume(spa);
5421 }
5422 
5423 static void *
5424 ztest_resume_thread(void *arg)
5425 {
5426         spa_t *spa = arg;
5427 
5428         while (!ztest_exiting) {
5429                 if (spa_suspended(spa))
5430                         ztest_resume(spa);
5431                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, 100);
5432 
5433                 /*
5434                  * Periodically change the zfs_compressed_arc_enabled setting.
5435                  */
5436                 if (ztest_random(10) == 0)
5437                         zfs_compressed_arc_enabled = ztest_random(2);
5438 
5439                 /*
5440                  * Periodically change the zfs_abd_scatter_enabled setting.
5441                  */
5442                 if (ztest_random(10) == 0)
5443                         zfs_abd_scatter_enabled = ztest_random(2);
5444         }
5445         return (NULL);
5446 }
5447 
5448 static void *
5449 ztest_deadman_thread(void *arg)
5450 {
5451         ztest_shared_t *zs = arg;
5452         spa_t *spa = ztest_spa;
5453         hrtime_t delta, total = 0;
5454 
5455         for (;;) {
5456                 delta = zs->zs_thread_stop - zs->zs_thread_start +
5457                     MSEC2NSEC(zfs_deadman_synctime_ms);
5458 
5459                 (void) poll(NULL, 0, (int)NSEC2MSEC(delta));
5460 
5461                 /*
5462                  * If the pool is suspended then fail immediately. Otherwise,
5463                  * check to see if the pool is making any progress. If
5464                  * vdev_deadman() discovers that there hasn't been any recent
5465                  * I/Os then it will end up aborting the tests.
5466                  */
5467                 if (spa_suspended(spa) || spa->spa_root_vdev == NULL) {
5468                         fatal(0, "aborting test after %llu seconds because "
5469                             "pool has transitioned to a suspended state.",
5470                             zfs_deadman_synctime_ms / 1000);
5471                         return (NULL);
5472                 }
5473                 vdev_deadman(spa->spa_root_vdev);
5474 
5475                 total += zfs_deadman_synctime_ms/1000;
5476                 (void) printf("ztest has been running for %lld seconds\n",
5477                     total);
5478         }
5479 }
5480 
5481 static void
5482 ztest_execute(int test, ztest_info_t *zi, uint64_t id)
5483 {
5484         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[id % ztest_opts.zo_datasets];
5485         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(test);
5486         hrtime_t functime = gethrtime();
5487 
5488         for (int i = 0; i < zi->zi_iters; i++)
5489                 zi->zi_func(zd, id);
5490 
5491         functime = gethrtime() - functime;
5492 
5493         atomic_add_64(&zc->zc_count, 1);
5494         atomic_add_64(&zc->zc_time, functime);
5495 
5496         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4) {
5497                 Dl_info dli;
5498                 (void) dladdr((void *)zi->zi_func, &dli);
5499                 (void) printf("%6.2f sec in %s\n",
5500                     (double)functime / NANOSEC, dli.dli_sname);
5501         }
5502 }
5503 
5504 static void *
5505 ztest_thread(void *arg)
5506 {
5507         int rand;
5508         uint64_t id = (uintptr_t)arg;
5509         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
5510         uint64_t call_next;
5511         hrtime_t now;
5512         ztest_info_t *zi;
5513         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc;
5514 
5515         while ((now = gethrtime()) < zs->zs_thread_stop) {
5516                 /*
5517                  * See if it's time to force a crash.
5518                  */
5519                 if (now > zs->zs_thread_kill)
5520                         ztest_kill(zs);
5521 
5522                 /*
5523                  * If we're getting ENOSPC with some regularity, stop.
5524                  */
5525                 if (zs->zs_enospc_count > 10)
5526                         break;
5527 
5528                 /*
5529                  * Pick a random function to execute.
5530                  */
5531                 rand = ztest_random(ZTEST_FUNCS);
5532                 zi = &ztest_info[rand];
5533                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(rand);
5534                 call_next = zc->zc_next;
5535 
5536                 if (now >= call_next &&
5537                     atomic_cas_64(&zc->zc_next, call_next, call_next +
5538                     ztest_random(2 * zi->zi_interval[0] + 1)) == call_next) {
5539                         ztest_execute(rand, zi, id);
5540                 }
5541         }
5542 
5543         return (NULL);
5544 }
5545 
5546 static void
5547 ztest_dataset_name(char *dsname, char *pool, int d)
5548 {
5549         (void) snprintf(dsname, ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN, "%s/ds_%d", pool, d);
5550 }
5551 
5552 static void
5553 ztest_dataset_destroy(int d)
5554 {
5555         char name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
5556 
5557         ztest_dataset_name(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool, d);
5558 
5559         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5560                 (void) printf("Destroying %s to free up space\n", name);
5561 
5562         /*
5563          * Cleanup any non-standard clones and snapshots.  In general,
5564          * ztest thread t operates on dataset (t % zopt_datasets),
5565          * so there may be more than one thing to clean up.
5566          */
5567         for (int t = d; t < ztest_opts.zo_threads;
5568             t += ztest_opts.zo_datasets) {
5569                 ztest_dsl_dataset_cleanup(name, t);
5570         }
5571 
5572         (void) dmu_objset_find(name, ztest_objset_destroy_cb, NULL,
5573             DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS | DS_FIND_CHILDREN);
5574 }
5575 
5576 static void
5577 ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(ztest_ds_t *zd)
5578 {
5579         uint64_t usedobjs, dirobjs, scratch;
5580 
5581         /*
5582          * ZTEST_DIROBJ is the object directory for the entire dataset.
5583          * Therefore, the number of objects in use should equal the
5584          * number of ZTEST_DIROBJ entries, +1 for ZTEST_DIROBJ itself.
5585          * If not, we have an object leak.
5586          *
5587          * Note that we can only check this in ztest_dataset_open(),
5588          * when the open-context and syncing-context values agree.
5589          * That's because zap_count() returns the open-context value,
5590          * while dmu_objset_space() returns the rootbp fill count.
5591          */
5592         VERIFY3U(0, ==, zap_count(zd->zd_os, ZTEST_DIROBJ, &dirobjs));
5593         dmu_objset_space(zd->zd_os, &scratch, &scratch, &usedobjs, &scratch);
5594         ASSERT3U(dirobjs + 1, ==, usedobjs);
5595 }
5596 
5597 static int
5598 ztest_dataset_open(int d)
5599 {
5600         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[d];
5601         uint64_t committed_seq = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d)->zd_seq;
5602         objset_t *os;
5603         zilog_t *zilog;
5604         char name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
5605         int error;
5606 
5607         ztest_dataset_name(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool, d);
5608 
5609         (void) rw_rdlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5610 
5611         error = ztest_dataset_create(name);
5612         if (error == ENOSPC) {
5613                 (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5614                 ztest_record_enospc(FTAG);
5615                 return (error);
5616         }
5617         ASSERT(error == 0 || error == EEXIST);
5618 
5619         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(name, DMU_OST_OTHER, B_FALSE, zd, &os));
5620         (void) rw_unlock(&ztest_name_lock);
5621 
5622         ztest_zd_init(zd, ZTEST_GET_SHARED_DS(d), os);
5623 
5624         zilog = zd->zd_zilog;
5625 
5626         if (zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq != 0 &&
5627             zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq < committed_seq)
5628                 fatal(0, "missing log records: claimed %llu < committed %llu",
5629                     zilog->zl_header->zh_claim_lr_seq, committed_seq);
5630 
5631         ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(zd);
5632 
5633         zil_replay(os, zd, ztest_replay_vector);
5634 
5635         ztest_dataset_dirobj_verify(zd);
5636 
5637         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 6)
5638                 (void) printf("%s replay %llu blocks, %llu records, seq %llu\n",
5639                     zd->zd_name,
5640                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_parse_blk_count,
5641                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_parse_lr_count,
5642                     (u_longlong_t)zilog->zl_replaying_seq);
5643 
5644         zilog = zil_open(os, ztest_get_data);
5645 
5646         if (zilog->zl_replaying_seq != 0 &&
5647             zilog->zl_replaying_seq < committed_seq)
5648                 fatal(0, "missing log records: replayed %llu < committed %llu",
5649                     zilog->zl_replaying_seq, committed_seq);
5650 
5651         return (0);
5652 }
5653 
5654 static void
5655 ztest_dataset_close(int d)
5656 {
5657         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[d];
5658 
5659         zil_close(zd->zd_zilog);
5660         dmu_objset_disown(zd->zd_os, zd);
5661 
5662         ztest_zd_fini(zd);
5663 }
5664 
5665 /*
5666  * Kick off threads to run tests on all datasets in parallel.
5667  */
5668 static void
5669 ztest_run(ztest_shared_t *zs)
5670 {
5671         thread_t *tid;
5672         spa_t *spa;
5673         objset_t *os;
5674         thread_t resume_tid;
5675         int error;
5676 
5677         ztest_exiting = B_FALSE;
5678 
5679         /*
5680          * Initialize parent/child shared state.
5681          */
5682         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&ztest_vdev_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5683         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&ztest_name_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5684 
5685         zs->zs_thread_start = gethrtime();
5686         zs->zs_thread_stop =
5687             zs->zs_thread_start + ztest_opts.zo_passtime * NANOSEC;
5688         zs->zs_thread_stop = MIN(zs->zs_thread_stop, zs->zs_proc_stop);
5689         zs->zs_thread_kill = zs->zs_thread_stop;
5690         if (ztest_random(100) < ztest_opts.zo_killrate) {
5691                 zs->zs_thread_kill -=
5692                     ztest_random(ztest_opts.zo_passtime * NANOSEC);
5693         }
5694 
5695         (void) _mutex_init(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL);
5696 
5697         list_create(&zcl.zcl_callbacks, sizeof (ztest_cb_data_t),
5698             offsetof(ztest_cb_data_t, zcd_node));
5699 
5700         /*
5701          * Open our pool.
5702          */
5703         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5704         VERIFY0(spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5705         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5706         metaslab_preload_limit = ztest_random(20) + 1;
5707         ztest_spa = spa;
5708 
5709         dmu_objset_stats_t dds;
5710         VERIFY0(dmu_objset_own(ztest_opts.zo_pool,
5711             DMU_OST_ANY, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os));
5712         dsl_pool_config_enter(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
5713         dmu_objset_fast_stat(os, &dds);
5714         dsl_pool_config_exit(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
5715         zs->zs_guid = dds.dds_guid;
5716         dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
5717 
5718         spa->spa_dedup_ditto = 2 * ZIO_DEDUPDITTO_MIN;
5719 
5720         /*
5721          * We don't expect the pool to suspend unless maxfaults == 0,
5722          * in which case ztest_fault_inject() temporarily takes away
5723          * the only valid replica.
5724          */
5725         if (MAXFAULTS() == 0)
5726                 spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_WAIT;
5727         else
5728                 spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_PANIC;
5729 
5730         /*
5731          * Create a thread to periodically resume suspended I/O.
5732          */
5733         VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_resume_thread, spa, THR_BOUND,
5734             &resume_tid) == 0);
5735 
5736         /*
5737          * Create a deadman thread to abort() if we hang.
5738          */
5739         VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_deadman_thread, zs, THR_BOUND,
5740             NULL) == 0);
5741 
5742         /*
5743          * Verify that we can safely inquire about about any object,
5744          * whether it's allocated or not.  To make it interesting,
5745          * we probe a 5-wide window around each power of two.
5746          * This hits all edge cases, including zero and the max.
5747          */
5748         for (int t = 0; t < 64; t++) {
5749                 for (int d = -5; d <= 5; d++) {
5750                         error = dmu_object_info(spa->spa_meta_objset,
5751                             (1ULL << t) + d, NULL);
5752                         ASSERT(error == 0 || error == ENOENT ||
5753                             error == EINVAL);
5754                 }
5755         }
5756 
5757         /*
5758          * If we got any ENOSPC errors on the previous run, destroy something.
5759          */
5760         if (zs->zs_enospc_count != 0) {
5761                 int d = ztest_random(ztest_opts.zo_datasets);
5762                 ztest_dataset_destroy(d);
5763         }
5764         zs->zs_enospc_count = 0;
5765 
5766         tid = umem_zalloc(ztest_opts.zo_threads * sizeof (thread_t),
5767             UMEM_NOFAIL);
5768 
5769         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 4)
5770                 (void) printf("starting main threads...\n");
5771 
5772         /*
5773          * Kick off all the tests that run in parallel.
5774          */
5775         for (int t = 0; t < ztest_opts.zo_threads; t++) {
5776                 if (t < ztest_opts.zo_datasets &&
5777                     ztest_dataset_open(t) != 0)
5778                         return;
5779                 VERIFY(thr_create(0, 0, ztest_thread, (void *)(uintptr_t)t,
5780                     THR_BOUND, &tid[t]) == 0);
5781         }
5782 
5783         /*
5784          * Wait for all of the tests to complete.  We go in reverse order
5785          * so we don't close datasets while threads are still using them.
5786          */
5787         for (int t = ztest_opts.zo_threads - 1; t >= 0; t--) {
5788                 VERIFY(thr_join(tid[t], NULL, NULL) == 0);
5789                 if (t < ztest_opts.zo_datasets)
5790                         ztest_dataset_close(t);
5791         }
5792 
5793         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5794 
5795         zs->zs_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
5796         zs->zs_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(spa));
5797         zfs_dbgmsg_print(FTAG);
5798 
5799         umem_free(tid, ztest_opts.zo_threads * sizeof (thread_t));
5800 
5801         /* Kill the resume thread */
5802         ztest_exiting = B_TRUE;
5803         VERIFY(thr_join(resume_tid, NULL, NULL) == 0);
5804         ztest_resume(spa);
5805 
5806         /*
5807          * Right before closing the pool, kick off a bunch of async I/O;
5808          * spa_close() should wait for it to complete.
5809          */
5810         for (uint64_t object = 1; object < 50; object++) {
5811                 dmu_prefetch(spa->spa_meta_objset, object, 0, 0, 1ULL << 20,
5812                     ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ);
5813         }
5814 
5815         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5816 
5817         /*
5818          * Verify that we can loop over all pools.
5819          */
5820         mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
5821         for (spa = spa_next(NULL); spa != NULL; spa = spa_next(spa))
5822                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose > 3)
5823                         (void) printf("spa_next: found %s\n", spa_name(spa));
5824         mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
5825 
5826         /*
5827          * Verify that we can export the pool and reimport it under a
5828          * different name.
5829          */
5830         if (ztest_random(2) == 0) {
5831                 char name[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
5832                 (void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "%s_import",
5833                     ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5834                 ztest_spa_import_export(ztest_opts.zo_pool, name);
5835                 ztest_spa_import_export(name, ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5836         }
5837 
5838         kernel_fini();
5839 
5840         list_destroy(&zcl.zcl_callbacks);
5841 
5842         (void) _mutex_destroy(&zcl.zcl_callbacks_lock);
5843 
5844         (void) rwlock_destroy(&ztest_name_lock);
5845         (void) _mutex_destroy(&ztest_vdev_lock);
5846 }
5847 
5848 static void
5849 ztest_freeze(void)
5850 {
5851         ztest_ds_t *zd = &ztest_ds[0];
5852         spa_t *spa;
5853         int numloops = 0;
5854 
5855         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3)
5856                 (void) printf("testing spa_freeze()...\n");
5857 
5858         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5859         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5860         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ztest_dataset_open(0));
5861         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5862         ztest_spa = spa;
5863 
5864         /*
5865          * Force the first log block to be transactionally allocated.
5866          * We have to do this before we freeze the pool -- otherwise
5867          * the log chain won't be anchored.
5868          */
5869         while (BP_IS_HOLE(&zd->zd_zilog->zl_header->zh_log)) {
5870                 ztest_dmu_object_alloc_free(zd, 0);
5871                 zil_commit(zd->zd_zilog, 0);
5872         }
5873 
5874         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5875 
5876         /*
5877          * Freeze the pool.  This stops spa_sync() from doing anything,
5878          * so that the only way to record changes from now on is the ZIL.
5879          */
5880         spa_freeze(spa);
5881 
5882         /*
5883          * Because it is hard to predict how much space a write will actually
5884          * require beforehand, we leave ourselves some fudge space to write over
5885          * capacity.
5886          */
5887         uint64_t capacity = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(spa)) / 2;
5888 
5889         /*
5890          * Run tests that generate log records but don't alter the pool config
5891          * or depend on DSL sync tasks (snapshots, objset create/destroy, etc).
5892          * We do a txg_wait_synced() after each iteration to force the txg
5893          * to increase well beyond the last synced value in the uberblock.
5894          * The ZIL should be OK with that.
5895          *
5896          * Run a random number of times less than zo_maxloops and ensure we do
5897          * not run out of space on the pool.
5898          */
5899         while (ztest_random(10) != 0 &&
5900             numloops++ < ztest_opts.zo_maxloops &&
5901             metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa)) < capacity) {
5902                 ztest_od_t od;
5903                 ztest_od_init(&od, 0, FTAG, 0, DMU_OT_UINT64_OTHER, 0, 0);
5904                 VERIFY0(ztest_object_init(zd, &od, sizeof (od), B_FALSE));
5905                 ztest_io(zd, od.od_object,
5906                     ztest_random(ZTEST_RANGE_LOCKS) << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT);
5907                 txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5908         }
5909 
5910         /*
5911          * Commit all of the changes we just generated.
5912          */
5913         zil_commit(zd->zd_zilog, 0);
5914         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5915 
5916         /*
5917          * Close our dataset and close the pool.
5918          */
5919         ztest_dataset_close(0);
5920         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5921         kernel_fini();
5922 
5923         /*
5924          * Open and close the pool and dataset to induce log replay.
5925          */
5926         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5927         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
5928         ASSERT(spa_freeze_txg(spa) == UINT64_MAX);
5929         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ztest_dataset_open(0));
5930         ztest_dataset_close(0);
5931 
5932         spa->spa_debug = B_TRUE;
5933         ztest_spa = spa;
5934         txg_wait_synced(spa_get_dsl(spa), 0);
5935         ztest_reguid(NULL, 0);
5936 
5937         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
5938         kernel_fini();
5939 }
5940 
5941 void
5942 print_time(hrtime_t t, char *timebuf)
5943 {
5944         hrtime_t s = t / NANOSEC;
5945         hrtime_t m = s / 60;
5946         hrtime_t h = m / 60;
5947         hrtime_t d = h / 24;
5948 
5949         s -= m * 60;
5950         m -= h * 60;
5951         h -= d * 24;
5952 
5953         timebuf[0] = '\0';
5954 
5955         if (d)
5956                 (void) sprintf(timebuf,
5957                     "%llud%02lluh%02llum%02llus", d, h, m, s);
5958         else if (h)
5959                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%lluh%02llum%02llus", h, m, s);
5960         else if (m)
5961                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%llum%02llus", m, s);
5962         else
5963                 (void) sprintf(timebuf, "%llus", s);
5964 }
5965 
5966 static nvlist_t *
5967 make_random_props()
5968 {
5969         nvlist_t *props;
5970 
5971         VERIFY(nvlist_alloc(&props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) == 0);
5972         if (ztest_random(2) == 0)
5973                 return (props);
5974         VERIFY(nvlist_add_uint64(props, "autoreplace", 1) == 0);
5975 
5976         return (props);
5977 }
5978 
5979 /*
5980  * Create a storage pool with the given name and initial vdev size.
5981  * Then test spa_freeze() functionality.
5982  */
5983 static void
5984 ztest_init(ztest_shared_t *zs)
5985 {
5986         spa_t *spa;
5987         nvlist_t *nvroot, *props;
5988 
5989         VERIFY(_mutex_init(&ztest_vdev_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5990         VERIFY(rwlock_init(&ztest_name_lock, USYNC_THREAD, NULL) == 0);
5991 
5992         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
5993 
5994         /*
5995          * Create the storage pool.
5996          */
5997         (void) spa_destroy(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
5998         ztest_shared->zs_vdev_next_leaf = 0;
5999         zs->zs_splits = 0;
6000         zs->zs_mirrors = ztest_opts.zo_mirrors;
6001         nvroot = make_vdev_root(NULL, NULL, NULL, ztest_opts.zo_vdev_size, 0,
6002             0, ztest_opts.zo_raidz, zs->zs_mirrors, 1);
6003         props = make_random_props();
6004         for (int i = 0; i < SPA_FEATURES; i++) {
6005                 char buf[1024];
6006                 (void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "feature@%s",
6007                     spa_feature_table[i].fi_uname);
6008                 VERIFY3U(0, ==, nvlist_add_uint64(props, buf, 0));
6009         }
6010         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_create(ztest_opts.zo_pool, nvroot, props, NULL));
6011         nvlist_free(nvroot);
6012         nvlist_free(props);
6013 
6014         VERIFY3U(0, ==, spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG));
6015         zs->zs_metaslab_sz =
6016             1ULL << spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[0]->vdev_ms_shift;
6017 
6018         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
6019 
6020         kernel_fini();
6021 
6022         ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6023 
6024         ztest_freeze();
6025 
6026         ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6027 
6028         (void) rwlock_destroy(&ztest_name_lock);
6029         (void) _mutex_destroy(&ztest_vdev_lock);
6030 }
6031 
6032 static void
6033 setup_data_fd(void)
6034 {
6035         static char ztest_name_data[] = "/tmp/ztest.data.XXXXXX";
6036 
6037         ztest_fd_data = mkstemp(ztest_name_data);
6038         ASSERT3S(ztest_fd_data, >=, 0);
6039         (void) unlink(ztest_name_data);
6040 }
6041 
6042 
6043 static int
6044 shared_data_size(ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr)
6045 {
6046         int size;
6047 
6048         size = hdr->zh_hdr_size;
6049         size += hdr->zh_opts_size;
6050         size += hdr->zh_size;
6051         size += hdr->zh_stats_size * hdr->zh_stats_count;
6052         size += hdr->zh_ds_size * hdr->zh_ds_count;
6053 
6054         return (size);
6055 }
6056 
6057 static void
6058 setup_hdr(void)
6059 {
6060         int size;
6061         ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr;
6062 
6063         hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()),
6064             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ztest_fd_data, 0);
6065         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
6066 
6067         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ftruncate(ztest_fd_data, sizeof (ztest_shared_hdr_t)));
6068 
6069         hdr->zh_hdr_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_hdr_t);
6070         hdr->zh_opts_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_opts_t);
6071         hdr->zh_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_t);
6072         hdr->zh_stats_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_callstate_t);
6073         hdr->zh_stats_count = ZTEST_FUNCS;
6074         hdr->zh_ds_size = sizeof (ztest_shared_ds_t);
6075         hdr->zh_ds_count = ztest_opts.zo_datasets;
6076 
6077         size = shared_data_size(hdr);
6078         VERIFY3U(0, ==, ftruncate(ztest_fd_data, size));
6079 
6080         (void) munmap((caddr_t)hdr, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()));
6081 }
6082 
6083 static void
6084 setup_data(void)
6085 {
6086         int size, offset;
6087         ztest_shared_hdr_t *hdr;
6088         uint8_t *buf;
6089 
6090         hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()),
6091             PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, ztest_fd_data, 0);
6092         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
6093 
6094         size = shared_data_size(hdr);
6095 
6096         (void) munmap((caddr_t)hdr, P2ROUNDUP(sizeof (*hdr), getpagesize()));
6097         hdr = ztest_shared_hdr = (void *)mmap(0, P2ROUNDUP(size, getpagesize()),
6098             PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ztest_fd_data, 0);
6099         ASSERT(hdr != MAP_FAILED);
6100         buf = (uint8_t *)hdr;
6101 
6102         offset = hdr->zh_hdr_size;
6103         ztest_shared_opts = (void *)&buf[offset];
6104         offset += hdr->zh_opts_size;
6105         ztest_shared = (void *)&buf[offset];
6106         offset += hdr->zh_size;
6107         ztest_shared_callstate = (void *)&buf[offset];
6108         offset += hdr->zh_stats_size * hdr->zh_stats_count;
6109         ztest_shared_ds = (void *)&buf[offset];
6110 }
6111 
6112 static boolean_t
6113 exec_child(char *cmd, char *libpath, boolean_t ignorekill, int *statusp)
6114 {
6115         pid_t pid;
6116         int status;
6117         char *cmdbuf = NULL;
6118 
6119         pid = fork();
6120 
6121         if (cmd == NULL) {
6122                 cmdbuf = umem_alloc(MAXPATHLEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
6123                 (void) strlcpy(cmdbuf, getexecname(), MAXPATHLEN);
6124                 cmd = cmdbuf;
6125         }
6126 
6127         if (pid == -1)
6128                 fatal(1, "fork failed");
6129 
6130         if (pid == 0) { /* child */
6131                 char *emptyargv[2] = { cmd, NULL };
6132                 char fd_data_str[12];
6133 
6134                 struct rlimit rl = { 1024, 1024 };
6135                 (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
6136 
6137                 (void) close(ztest_fd_rand);
6138                 VERIFY3U(11, >=,
6139                     snprintf(fd_data_str, 12, "%d", ztest_fd_data));
6140                 VERIFY0(setenv("ZTEST_FD_DATA", fd_data_str, 1));
6141 
6142                 (void) enable_extended_FILE_stdio(-1, -1);
6143                 if (libpath != NULL)
6144                         VERIFY(0 == setenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", libpath, 1));
6145                 (void) execv(cmd, emptyargv);
6146                 ztest_dump_core = B_FALSE;
6147                 fatal(B_TRUE, "exec failed: %s", cmd);
6148         }
6149 
6150         if (cmdbuf != NULL) {
6151                 umem_free(cmdbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
6152                 cmd = NULL;
6153         }
6154 
6155         while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
6156                 continue;
6157         if (statusp != NULL)
6158                 *statusp = status;
6159 
6160         if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
6161                 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
6162                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "child exited with code %d\n",
6163                             WEXITSTATUS(status));
6164                         exit(2);
6165                 }
6166                 return (B_FALSE);
6167         } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
6168                 if (!ignorekill || WTERMSIG(status) != SIGKILL) {
6169                         (void) fprintf(stderr, "child died with signal %d\n",
6170                             WTERMSIG(status));
6171                         exit(3);
6172                 }
6173                 return (B_TRUE);
6174         } else {
6175                 (void) fprintf(stderr, "something strange happened to child\n");
6176                 exit(4);
6177                 /* NOTREACHED */
6178         }
6179 }
6180 
6181 static void
6182 ztest_run_init(void)
6183 {
6184         ztest_shared_t *zs = ztest_shared;
6185 
6186         ASSERT(ztest_opts.zo_init != 0);
6187 
6188         /*
6189          * Blow away any existing copy of zpool.cache
6190          */
6191         (void) remove(spa_config_path);
6192 
6193         /*
6194          * Create and initialize our storage pool.
6195          */
6196         for (int i = 1; i <= ztest_opts.zo_init; i++) {
6197                 bzero(zs, sizeof (ztest_shared_t));
6198                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 3 &&
6199                     ztest_opts.zo_init != 1) {
6200                         (void) printf("ztest_init(), pass %d\n", i);
6201                 }
6202                 ztest_init(zs);
6203         }
6204 }
6205 
6206 int
6207 main(int argc, char **argv)
6208 {
6209         int kills = 0;
6210         int iters = 0;
6211         int older = 0;
6212         int newer = 0;
6213         ztest_shared_t *zs;
6214         ztest_info_t *zi;
6215         ztest_shared_callstate_t *zc;
6216         char timebuf[100];
6217         char numbuf[NN_NUMBUF_SZ];
6218         spa_t *spa;
6219         char *cmd;
6220         boolean_t hasalt;
6221         char *fd_data_str = getenv("ZTEST_FD_DATA");
6222 
6223         (void) setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
6224 
6225         dprintf_setup(&argc, argv);
6226         zfs_deadman_synctime_ms = 300000;
6227 
6228         ztest_fd_rand = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
6229         ASSERT3S(ztest_fd_rand, >=, 0);
6230 
6231         if (!fd_data_str) {
6232                 process_options(argc, argv);
6233 
6234                 setup_data_fd();
6235                 setup_hdr();
6236                 setup_data();
6237                 bcopy(&ztest_opts, ztest_shared_opts,
6238                     sizeof (*ztest_shared_opts));
6239         } else {
6240                 ztest_fd_data = atoi(fd_data_str);
6241                 setup_data();
6242                 bcopy(ztest_shared_opts, &ztest_opts, sizeof (ztest_opts));
6243         }
6244         ASSERT3U(ztest_opts.zo_datasets, ==, ztest_shared_hdr->zh_ds_count);
6245 
6246         /* Override location of zpool.cache */
6247         VERIFY3U(asprintf((char **)&spa_config_path, "%s/zpool.cache",
6248             ztest_opts.zo_dir), !=, -1);
6249 
6250         ztest_ds = umem_alloc(ztest_opts.zo_datasets * sizeof (ztest_ds_t),
6251             UMEM_NOFAIL);
6252         zs = ztest_shared;
6253 
6254         if (fd_data_str) {
6255                 metaslab_gang_bang = ztest_opts.zo_metaslab_gang_bang;
6256                 metaslab_df_alloc_threshold =
6257                     zs->zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold;
6258 
6259                 if (zs->zs_do_init)
6260                         ztest_run_init();
6261                 else
6262                         ztest_run(zs);
6263                 exit(0);
6264         }
6265 
6266         hasalt = (strlen(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest) != 0);
6267 
6268         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6269                 (void) printf("%llu vdevs, %d datasets, %d threads,"
6270                     " %llu seconds...\n",
6271                     (u_longlong_t)ztest_opts.zo_vdevs,
6272                     ztest_opts.zo_datasets,
6273                     ztest_opts.zo_threads,
6274                     (u_longlong_t)ztest_opts.zo_time);
6275         }
6276 
6277         cmd = umem_alloc(MAXNAMELEN, UMEM_NOFAIL);
6278         (void) strlcpy(cmd, getexecname(), MAXNAMELEN);
6279 
6280         zs->zs_do_init = B_TRUE;
6281         if (strlen(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest) != 0) {
6282                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6283                         (void) printf("Executing older ztest for "
6284                             "initialization: %s\n", ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
6285                 }
6286                 VERIFY(!exec_child(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest,
6287                     ztest_opts.zo_alt_libpath, B_FALSE, NULL));
6288         } else {
6289                 VERIFY(!exec_child(NULL, NULL, B_FALSE, NULL));
6290         }
6291         zs->zs_do_init = B_FALSE;
6292 
6293         zs->zs_proc_start = gethrtime();
6294         zs->zs_proc_stop = zs->zs_proc_start + ztest_opts.zo_time * NANOSEC;
6295 
6296         for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
6297                 zi = &ztest_info[f];
6298                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
6299                 if (zs->zs_proc_start + zi->zi_interval[0] > zs->zs_proc_stop)
6300                         zc->zc_next = UINT64_MAX;
6301                 else
6302                         zc->zc_next = zs->zs_proc_start +
6303                             ztest_random(2 * zi->zi_interval[0] + 1);
6304         }
6305 
6306         /*
6307          * Run the tests in a loop.  These tests include fault injection
6308          * to verify that self-healing data works, and forced crashes
6309          * to verify that we never lose on-disk consistency.
6310          */
6311         while (gethrtime() < zs->zs_proc_stop) {
6312                 int status;
6313                 boolean_t killed;
6314 
6315                 /*
6316                  * Initialize the workload counters for each function.
6317                  */
6318                 for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
6319                         zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
6320                         zc->zc_count = 0;
6321                         zc->zc_time = 0;
6322                 }
6323 
6324                 /* Set the allocation switch size */
6325                 zs->zs_metaslab_df_alloc_threshold =
6326                     ztest_random(zs->zs_metaslab_sz / 4) + 1;
6327 
6328                 if (!hasalt || ztest_random(2) == 0) {
6329                         if (hasalt && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6330                                 (void) printf("Executing newer ztest: %s\n",
6331                                     cmd);
6332                         }
6333                         newer++;
6334                         killed = exec_child(cmd, NULL, B_TRUE, &status);
6335                 } else {
6336                         if (hasalt && ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6337                                 (void) printf("Executing older ztest: %s\n",
6338                                     ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
6339                         }
6340                         older++;
6341                         killed = exec_child(ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest,
6342                             ztest_opts.zo_alt_libpath, B_TRUE, &status);
6343                 }
6344 
6345                 if (killed)
6346                         kills++;
6347                 iters++;
6348 
6349                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6350                         hrtime_t now = gethrtime();
6351 
6352                         now = MIN(now, zs->zs_proc_stop);
6353                         print_time(zs->zs_proc_stop - now, timebuf);
6354                         nicenum(zs->zs_space, numbuf, sizeof (numbuf));
6355 
6356                         (void) printf("Pass %3d, %8s, %3llu ENOSPC, "
6357                             "%4.1f%% of %5s used, %3.0f%% done, %8s to go\n",
6358                             iters,
6359                             WIFEXITED(status) ? "Complete" : "SIGKILL",
6360                             (u_longlong_t)zs->zs_enospc_count,
6361                             100.0 * zs->zs_alloc / zs->zs_space,
6362                             numbuf,
6363                             100.0 * (now - zs->zs_proc_start) /
6364                             (ztest_opts.zo_time * NANOSEC), timebuf);
6365                 }
6366 
6367                 if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 2) {
6368                         (void) printf("\nWorkload summary:\n\n");
6369                         (void) printf("%7s %9s   %s\n",
6370                             "Calls", "Time", "Function");
6371                         (void) printf("%7s %9s   %s\n",
6372                             "-----", "----", "--------");
6373                         for (int f = 0; f < ZTEST_FUNCS; f++) {
6374                                 Dl_info dli;
6375 
6376                                 zi = &ztest_info[f];
6377                                 zc = ZTEST_GET_SHARED_CALLSTATE(f);
6378                                 print_time(zc->zc_time, timebuf);
6379                                 (void) dladdr((void *)zi->zi_func, &dli);
6380                                 (void) printf("%7llu %9s   %s\n",
6381                                     (u_longlong_t)zc->zc_count, timebuf,
6382                                     dli.dli_sname);
6383                         }
6384                         (void) printf("\n");
6385                 }
6386 
6387                 /*
6388                  * It's possible that we killed a child during a rename test,
6389                  * in which case we'll have a 'ztest_tmp' pool lying around
6390                  * instead of 'ztest'.  Do a blind rename in case this happened.
6391                  */
6392                 kernel_init(FREAD);
6393                 if (spa_open(ztest_opts.zo_pool, &spa, FTAG) == 0) {
6394                         spa_close(spa, FTAG);
6395                 } else {
6396                         char tmpname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
6397                         kernel_fini();
6398                         kernel_init(FREAD | FWRITE);
6399                         (void) snprintf(tmpname, sizeof (tmpname), "%s_tmp",
6400                             ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6401                         (void) spa_rename(tmpname, ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6402                 }
6403                 kernel_fini();
6404 
6405                 ztest_run_zdb(ztest_opts.zo_pool);
6406         }
6407 
6408         if (ztest_opts.zo_verbose >= 1) {
6409                 if (hasalt) {
6410                         (void) printf("%d runs of older ztest: %s\n", older,
6411                             ztest_opts.zo_alt_ztest);
6412                         (void) printf("%d runs of newer ztest: %s\n", newer,
6413                             cmd);
6414                 }
6415                 (void) printf("%d killed, %d completed, %.0f%% kill rate\n",
6416                     kills, iters - kills, (100.0 * kills) / MAX(1, iters));
6417         }
6418 
6419         umem_free(cmd, MAXNAMELEN);
6420 
6421         return (0);
6422 }