1 '\" te
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3 .\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
4 .\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER,
5 .\" with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
6 .TH SD 7D "May 13, 2017"
7 .SH NAME
8 sd \- SCSI disk and ATAPI/SCSI CD-ROM device driver
9 .SH SYNOPSIS
10 .LP
11 .nf
12 \fBsd@target,lun:partition\fR
13 .fi
14
15 .SH DESCRIPTION
16 .LP
17 To open a device without checking if the vtoc is valid, use the O_NDELAY flag.
18 When the device is opened using O_NDELAY, the first read or write to the device
19 that happens after the open results in the label being read if the label is not
20 currently valid. Once read, the label remains valid until the last close of the
21 device. Except for reading the label, O_NDELAY has no impact on the driver.
22 .SS "SPARC"
23 .LP
24 The \fBsd\fR \fBSCSI\fR and \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR driver supports embedded
25 \fBSCSI\fR-2 and \fBCCS\fR-compatible \fBSCSI\fR disk and CD-ROM drives,
26 \fBATAPI \fR 2.6 (SFF-8020i)-compliant CD-ROM drives, SFF-8090-compliant
27 \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR DVD-ROM drives, IOMEGA \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR ZIP drives, \fBSCSI
28 JAZ\fR drives, and USB mass storage devices (refer to \fBscsa2usb\fR(7D)).
29 .sp
30 .LP
31 To determine the disk drive type, use the \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR inquiry command and
32 read the volume label stored on block 0 of the drive. (The volume label
33 describes the disk geometry and partitioning and must be present for the disk
34 to be mounted by the system.) A volume label is not required for removable,
35 re-writable or read-only media.
36 .SS "x86 Only"
37 .LP
38 The \fBsd\fRdriver supports embedded \fBSCSI\fR-2 and \fBCCS\fR-compatible
39 \fBSCSI \fRdisk and CD-ROM drives, \fBATAPI \fR2.6 (SFF-8020i)-compliant CD-ROM
40 drives, SFF-8090-compliant \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR DVD-ROM drives, IOMEGA
41 \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR ZIP drives\fB, and SCSI JAZ\fR drives.
42 .sp
43 .LP
44 The x86 BIOS legacy requires a master boot record (MBR) and \fBfdisk\fR table
45 in the first physical sector of the bootable media. If the x86 hard disk
46 contains a Solaris disk label, it is located in the second 512-byte sector of
47 the FDISK partition.
48 .SH DEVICE SPECIAL FILES
49 .LP
50 Block-files access the disk using normal buffering mechanism and are read-from
51 and written-to without regard to physical disk records. A \fBraw\fR interface
52 enables direct transmission between the disk and the user's read or write
53 buffer. A single \fBread\fR or \fBwrite\fR call usually results in a single I/O
54 operation, therefore raw I/O is more efficient when many bytes are transmitted.
55 Block files names are found in \fB/dev/dsk\fR; raw file names are found in
56 \fB/dev/rdsk\fR.
57 .sp
58 .LP
59 I/O requests to the raw device must be aligned on a 512-byte (\fBDEV_BSIZE\fR)
60 boundary and all I/O request lengths must be in multiples of 512 bytes.
61 Requests that do not meet these requirements will trigger an \fBEINVAL\fR
62 error. There are no alignment or length restrictions on I/O requests to the
63 block device.
64 .SH CD-ROM DRIVE SUPPORT
65 .LP
66 A CD-ROM disk is single-sided and contains approximately 640 megabytes of data
67 or 74 minutes of audio. When the CD-ROM is opened, the eject button is disabled
68 to prevent manual removal of the disk until the last \fBclose()\fR is called.
69 No volume label is required for a CD-ROM. The disk geometry and partitioning
70 information are constant and never change. If the CD-ROM contains data recorded
71 in a Solaris-aware file system format, it can be mounted using the appropriate
72 Solaris file system support.
73 .SH DVD-ROM DRIVE SUPPORT
74 .LP
75 DVD-ROM media can be single or double-sided and can be recorded upon using a
76 single or double layer structure. Double-layer media provides parallel or
77 opposite track paths. A DVD-ROM can hold from between 4.5 Gbytes and 17 Gbytes
78 of data, depending on the layer structure used for recording and if the DVD-ROM
79 is single or double-sided.
80 .sp
81 .LP
82 When the DVD-ROM is opened, the eject button is disabled to prevent the manual
83 removal of a disk until the last \fBclose()\fR is called. No volume label is
84 required for a DVD-ROM. If the DVD-ROM contains data recorded in a
85 Solaris-aware file system format, it can be mounted using the appropriate
86 Solaris file system support.
87 .SH ZIP/JAZ DRIVE SUPPORT
88 .LP
89 \fBZIP/JAZ\fR media provide varied data capacity points; a single \fBJAZ
90 \fRdrive can store up to 2 GBytes of data, while a ZIP-250 can store up to
91 250MBytes of data. \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drives can be read-from or written-to using
92 the appropriate drive.
93 .sp
94 .LP
95 When a \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drive is opened, the eject button is disabled to prevent
96 the manual removal of a disk until the last \fBclose()\fR is called. No volume
97 label is required for a \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drive. If the \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drive
98 contains data recorded in a Solaris-aware file system format, it can be mounted
99 using the appropriate Solaris file system support.
100 .SH DEVICE STATISTICS SUPPORT
101 .LP
102 Each device maintains I/O statistics for the device and for partitions
103 allocated for that device. For each device/partition, the driver accumulates
104 reads, writes, bytes read, and bytes written. The driver also initiates
105 hi-resolution time stamps at queue entry and exit points to enable monitoring
106 of residence time and cumulative residence-length product for each queue.
107 .sp
108 .LP
109 Not all device drivers make per-partition IO statistics available for
110 reporting. \fBsd\fR and \fBssd\fR(7D) per-partition statistics are enabled by
111 default but may disabled in their configuration files.
112 .SH IOCTLS
113 .LP
114 Refer to \fBdkio\fR(7I), and \fBcdio\fR(7I)
115 .SS "ERRORS"
116 .ne 2
117 .na
118 \fB\fBEACCES\fR\fR
119 .ad
120 .RS 10n
121 Permission denied
122 .RE
123
124 .sp
125 .ne 2
126 .na
127 \fB\fBEBUSY\fR\fR
128 .ad
129 .RS 10n
130 The partition was opened exclusively by another thread
131 .RE
132
133 .sp
191 .ad
192 .RS 10n
193 A signal was caught during the execution of the \fBioctl()\fR function
194 .RE
195
196 .sp
197 .ne 2
198 .na
199 \fB\fBENOMEM\fR\fR
200 .ad
201 .RS 10n
202 Insufficient memory
203 .RE
204
205 .sp
206 .ne 2
207 .na
208 \fB\fBEPERM\fR\fR
209 .ad
210 .RS 10n
211 Insufficent access permission
212 .RE
213
214 .sp
215 .ne 2
216 .na
217 \fB\fBEIO\fR\fR
218 .ad
219 .RS 10n
220 An I/O error occurred. Refer to notes for details on copy-protected DVD-ROM
221 media.
222 .RE
223
224 .SH CONFIGURATION
225 .LP
226 The \fBsd\fR driver can be configured by defining properties in the
227 \fBsd.conf\fR file. The \fBsd\fR driver supports the following properties:
228 .sp
229 .ne 2
230 .na
231 \fB\fBenable-partition-kstats\fR\fR
232 .ad
233 .RS 27n
234 The default value is 1, which causes partition IO statistics to be maintained.
235 Set this value to zero to prevent the driver from recording partition
236 statistics. This slightly reduces the CPU overhead for IO, mimimizes the amount
237 of \fBsar\fR(1) data collected and makes these statistics unavailable for
238 reporting by \fBiostat\fR(1M) even though the \fB-p\fR/\fB-P\fR option is
239 specified. Regardless of this setting, disk IO statistics are always
240 maintained.
241 .RE
242
243 .sp
244 .ne 2
245 .na
431 .na
432 \fB\fB/dev/rdsk/cntndnpn\fR\fR
433 .ad
434 .RS 22n
435 raw files
436 .RE
437
438 .sp
439 .LP
440 Where:
441 .sp
442 .ne 2
443 .na
444 \fBpn\fR
445 .ad
446 .RS 6n
447 Where \fIn\fR=0 the node corresponds to the entire disk.
448 .RE
449
450 .SH SEE ALSO
451 .LP
452 \fBsar\fR(1), \fBcfgadm_scsi\fR(1M), \fBfdisk\fR(1M), \fBformat\fR(1M),
453 \fBiostat\fR(1M), \fBclose\fR(2), \fBioctl\fR(2), \fBlseek\fR(2),
454 \fBread\fR(2), \fBwrite\fR(2), \fBdriver.conf\fR(4), \fBscsi\fR(4),
455 \fBfilesystem\fR(5), \fBscsa2usb\fR(7D), \fBssd\fR(7D), \fBhsfs\fR(7FS),
456 \fBpcfs\fR(7FS), \fBudfs\fR(7FS), \fBcdio\fR(7I), \fBdkio\fR(7I),
457 \fBscsi_ifsetcap\fR(9F), \fBscsi_reset\fR(9F)
458 .sp
459 .LP
460 \fIANSI Small Computer System Interface-2 (SCSI-2)\fR
461 .sp
462 .LP
463 \fIATA Packet Interface for CD-ROMs, SFF-8020i\fR
464 .sp
465 .LP
466 \fIMt.Fuji Commands for CD and DVD, SFF8090v3\fR
467 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
468 .in +2
469 .nf
470 Error for Command:\fI<command name>\fR
471 Error Level: Fatal
828 .ne 2
829 .na
830 \fBUnable to read label\fR
831 .ad
832 .sp .6
833 .RS 4n
834 Failure to read disk label.
835 .RE
836
837 .sp
838 .ne 2
839 .na
840 \fBUnit does not respond to selection\fR
841 .ad
842 .sp .6
843 .RS 4n
844 Drive went offline; probably powered down.
845 .RE
846
847 .SH NOTES
848 .LP
849 DVD-ROM media containing DVD-Video data may follow/adhere to the requirements
850 of content scrambling system or copy protection scheme. Reading of
851 copy-protected sector will cause I/O error. Users are advised to use the
852 appropriate playback software to view video contents on DVD-ROM media
853 containing DVD-Video data.
|
1 '\" te
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3 .\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
4 .\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER,
5 .\" with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
6 .TH SD 7D "Jan 10, 2020"
7 .SH NAME
8 sd \- SCSI disk and ATAPI/SCSI CD-ROM device driver
9 .SH SYNOPSIS
10 .nf
11 \fBsd@target,lun:partition\fR
12 .fi
13
14 .SH DESCRIPTION
15 To open a device without checking if the vtoc is valid, use the O_NDELAY flag.
16 When the device is opened using O_NDELAY, the first read or write to the device
17 that happens after the open results in the label being read if the label is not
18 currently valid. Once read, the label remains valid until the last close of the
19 device. Except for reading the label, O_NDELAY has no impact on the driver.
20 .SS "SPARC"
21 The \fBsd\fR \fBSCSI\fR and \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR driver supports embedded
22 \fBSCSI\fR-2 and \fBCCS\fR-compatible \fBSCSI\fR disk and CD-ROM drives,
23 \fBATAPI \fR 2.6 (SFF-8020i)-compliant CD-ROM drives, SFF-8090-compliant
24 \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR DVD-ROM drives, IOMEGA \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR ZIP drives, \fBSCSI
25 JAZ\fR drives, and USB mass storage devices (refer to \fBscsa2usb\fR(7D)).
26 .sp
27 .LP
28 To determine the disk drive type, use the \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR inquiry command and
29 read the volume label stored on block 0 of the drive. (The volume label
30 describes the disk geometry and partitioning and must be present for the disk
31 to be mounted by the system.) A volume label is not required for removable,
32 re-writable or read-only media.
33 .SS "x86 Only"
34 The \fBsd\fR driver supports embedded \fBSCSI\fR-2 and \fBCCS\fR-compatible
35 \fBSCSI \fRdisk and CD-ROM drives, \fBATAPI \fR2.6 (SFF-8020i)-compliant CD-ROM
36 drives, SFF-8090-compliant \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR DVD-ROM drives, IOMEGA
37 \fBSCSI/ATAPI\fR ZIP drives\fB, and SCSI JAZ\fR drives.
38 .sp
39 .LP
40 The x86 BIOS legacy requires a master boot record (MBR) and \fBfdisk\fR table
41 in the first physical sector of the bootable media. If the x86 hard disk
42 contains a Solaris disk label, it is located in the second 512-byte sector of
43 the FDISK partition.
44 .SH DEVICE SPECIAL FILES
45 Block-files access the disk using normal buffering mechanism and are read-from
46 and written-to without regard to physical disk records. A \fBraw\fR interface
47 enables direct transmission between the disk and the user's read or write
48 buffer. A single \fBread\fR or \fBwrite\fR call usually results in a single I/O
49 operation, therefore raw I/O is more efficient when many bytes are transmitted.
50 Block files names are found in \fB/dev/dsk\fR; raw file names are found in
51 \fB/dev/rdsk\fR.
52 .sp
53 .LP
54 I/O requests to the raw device must be aligned on a 512-byte (\fBDEV_BSIZE\fR)
55 boundary and all I/O request lengths must be in multiples of 512 bytes.
56 Requests that do not meet these requirements will trigger an \fBEINVAL\fR
57 error. There are no alignment or length restrictions on I/O requests to the
58 block device.
59 .SH CD-ROM DRIVE SUPPORT
60 A CD-ROM disk is single-sided and contains approximately 640 megabytes of data
61 or 74 minutes of audio. When the CD-ROM is opened, the eject button is disabled
62 to prevent manual removal of the disk until the last \fBclose()\fR is called.
63 No volume label is required for a CD-ROM. The disk geometry and partitioning
64 information are constant and never change. If the CD-ROM contains data recorded
65 in a Solaris-aware file system format, it can be mounted using the appropriate
66 Solaris file system support.
67 .SH DVD-ROM DRIVE SUPPORT
68 DVD-ROM media can be single or double-sided and can be recorded upon using a
69 single or double layer structure. Double-layer media provides parallel or
70 opposite track paths. A DVD-ROM can hold from between 4.5 Gbytes and 17 Gbytes
71 of data, depending on the layer structure used for recording and if the DVD-ROM
72 is single or double-sided.
73 .sp
74 .LP
75 When the DVD-ROM is opened, the eject button is disabled to prevent the manual
76 removal of a disk until the last \fBclose()\fR is called. No volume label is
77 required for a DVD-ROM. If the DVD-ROM contains data recorded in a
78 Solaris-aware file system format, it can be mounted using the appropriate
79 Solaris file system support.
80 .SH ZIP/JAZ DRIVE SUPPORT
81 \fBZIP/JAZ\fR media provide varied data capacity points; a single \fBJAZ
82 \fRdrive can store up to 2 GBytes of data, while a ZIP-250 can store up to
83 250MBytes of data. \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drives can be read-from or written-to using
84 the appropriate drive.
85 .sp
86 .LP
87 When a \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drive is opened, the eject button is disabled to prevent
88 the manual removal of a disk until the last \fBclose()\fR is called. No volume
89 label is required for a \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drive. If the \fBZIP/JAZ\fR drive
90 contains data recorded in a Solaris-aware file system format, it can be mounted
91 using the appropriate Solaris file system support.
92 .SH DEVICE STATISTICS SUPPORT
93 Each device maintains I/O statistics for the device and for partitions
94 allocated for that device. For each device/partition, the driver accumulates
95 reads, writes, bytes read, and bytes written. The driver also initiates
96 hi-resolution time stamps at queue entry and exit points to enable monitoring
97 of residence time and cumulative residence-length product for each queue.
98 .sp
99 .LP
100 Not all device drivers make per-partition IO statistics available for
101 reporting. \fBsd\fR and \fBssd\fR(7D) per-partition statistics are enabled by
102 default but may be disabled in their configuration files.
103 .SH IOCTLS
104 Refer to \fBdkio\fR(7I), and \fBcdio\fR(7I)
105 .SS "ERRORS"
106 .ne 2
107 .na
108 \fB\fBEACCES\fR\fR
109 .ad
110 .RS 10n
111 Permission denied
112 .RE
113
114 .sp
115 .ne 2
116 .na
117 \fB\fBEBUSY\fR\fR
118 .ad
119 .RS 10n
120 The partition was opened exclusively by another thread
121 .RE
122
123 .sp
181 .ad
182 .RS 10n
183 A signal was caught during the execution of the \fBioctl()\fR function
184 .RE
185
186 .sp
187 .ne 2
188 .na
189 \fB\fBENOMEM\fR\fR
190 .ad
191 .RS 10n
192 Insufficient memory
193 .RE
194
195 .sp
196 .ne 2
197 .na
198 \fB\fBEPERM\fR\fR
199 .ad
200 .RS 10n
201 Insufficient access permission
202 .RE
203
204 .sp
205 .ne 2
206 .na
207 \fB\fBEIO\fR\fR
208 .ad
209 .RS 10n
210 An I/O error occurred. Refer to notes for details on copy-protected DVD-ROM
211 media.
212 .RE
213
214 .SH CONFIGURATION
215 The \fBsd\fR driver can be configured by defining properties in the
216 \fBsd.conf\fR file. The \fBsd\fR driver supports the following properties:
217 .sp
218 .ne 2
219 .na
220 \fB\fBenable-partition-kstats\fR\fR
221 .ad
222 .RS 27n
223 The default value is 1, which causes partition IO statistics to be maintained.
224 Set this value to zero to prevent the driver from recording partition
225 statistics. This slightly reduces the CPU overhead for IO, mimimizes the amount
226 of \fBsar\fR(1) data collected and makes these statistics unavailable for
227 reporting by \fBiostat\fR(1M) even though the \fB-p\fR/\fB-P\fR option is
228 specified. Regardless of this setting, disk IO statistics are always
229 maintained.
230 .RE
231
232 .sp
233 .ne 2
234 .na
420 .na
421 \fB\fB/dev/rdsk/cntndnpn\fR\fR
422 .ad
423 .RS 22n
424 raw files
425 .RE
426
427 .sp
428 .LP
429 Where:
430 .sp
431 .ne 2
432 .na
433 \fBpn\fR
434 .ad
435 .RS 6n
436 Where \fIn\fR=0 the node corresponds to the entire disk.
437 .RE
438
439 .SH SEE ALSO
440 \fBsar\fR(1), \fBcfgadm_scsi\fR(1M), \fBfdisk\fR(1M), \fBformat\fR(1M),
441 \fBiostat\fR(1M), \fBclose\fR(2), \fBioctl\fR(2), \fBlseek\fR(2),
442 \fBread\fR(2), \fBwrite\fR(2), \fBdriver.conf\fR(4), \fBscsi\fR(4),
443 \fBfilesystem\fR(5), \fBscsa2usb\fR(7D), \fBssd\fR(7D), \fBhsfs\fR(7FS),
444 \fBpcfs\fR(7FS), \fBudfs\fR(7FS), \fBcdio\fR(7I), \fBdkio\fR(7I),
445 \fBscsi_ifsetcap\fR(9F), \fBscsi_reset\fR(9F)
446 .sp
447 .LP
448 \fIANSI Small Computer System Interface-2 (SCSI-2)\fR
449 .sp
450 .LP
451 \fIATA Packet Interface for CD-ROMs, SFF-8020i\fR
452 .sp
453 .LP
454 \fIMt.Fuji Commands for CD and DVD, SFF8090v3\fR
455 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
456 .in +2
457 .nf
458 Error for Command:\fI<command name>\fR
459 Error Level: Fatal
816 .ne 2
817 .na
818 \fBUnable to read label\fR
819 .ad
820 .sp .6
821 .RS 4n
822 Failure to read disk label.
823 .RE
824
825 .sp
826 .ne 2
827 .na
828 \fBUnit does not respond to selection\fR
829 .ad
830 .sp .6
831 .RS 4n
832 Drive went offline; probably powered down.
833 .RE
834
835 .SH NOTES
836 DVD-ROM media containing DVD-Video data may follow/adhere to the requirements
837 of content scrambling system or copy protection scheme. Reading of
838 copy-protected sector will cause I/O error. Users are advised to use the
839 appropriate playback software to view video contents on DVD-ROM media
840 containing DVD-Video data.
|