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--- old/usr/src/man/man7i/termio.7i
+++ new/usr/src/man/man7i/termio.7i
1 -'\" te
2 1 .\" Copyright (c) 2005, Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3 -.\" Copyright (c) 2014, Joyent, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
2 +.\" Copyright 2019, Joyent, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4 3 .\" Copyright 1989 AT&T
5 -.\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 -.\" You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
7 -.\" When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
8 -.TH TERMIO 7I "Dec 30, 2016"
9 -.SH NAME
10 -termio \- general terminal interface
11 -.SH SYNOPSIS
12 -.LP
13 -.nf
14 -#include <termio.h>
15 -
16 -\fB\fR\fBioctl\fR(\fBint\fR \fIfildes\fR, \fBint\fR \fIrequest\fR, \fBstruct termio *\fR\fIarg\fR);
17 -.fi
18 -
19 -.LP
20 -.nf
21 -\fB\fR\fBioctl\fR(\fBint\fR \fIfildes\fR, \fBint\fR \fIrequest\fR, \fBint\fR \fIarg\fR);
22 -.fi
23 -
24 -.LP
25 -.nf
26 -#include <termios.h>
27 -
28 -\fB\fR\fBioctl\fR(\fBint\fR \fIfildes\fR, \fBint\fR \fIrequest\fR, \fBstruct termios *\fR\fIarg\fR);
29 -.fi
30 -
31 -.SH DESCRIPTION
32 -.LP
4 +.\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5 +.\" Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6 +.\" You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7 +.\"
8 +.\" You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9 +.\" or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10 +.\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11 +.\" and limitations under the License.
12 +.\"
13 +.\" When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14 +.\" file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15 +.\" If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16 +.\" fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17 +.\" information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18 +.Dd March 17, 2019
19 +.Dt TERMIO 7I
20 +.Os
21 +.Sh NAME
22 +.Nm termio
23 +.Nd general terminal interface
24 +.Sh SYNOPSIS
25 +.In termio.h
26 +.Fn ioctl "int fildes" "int request" "struct termio *arg"
27 +.Fn ioctl "int fildes" "int request" "int arg"
28 +.Pp
29 +.In termios.h
30 +.Fn ioctl "int fildes" "int request" "struct termios *arg"
31 +.Sh DESCRIPTION
33 32 This release supports a general interface for asynchronous communications ports
34 -that is hardware-independent. The user interface to this functionality is using
35 -function calls (the preferred interface) described in \fBtermios\fR(3C) or
36 -\fBioctl\fR commands described in this section. This section also discusses the
37 -common features of the terminal subsystem which are relevant with both user
33 +that is hardware-independent.
34 +The user interface to this functionality is using
35 +function calls (the preferred interface) described in
36 +.Xr termios 3C
37 +or
38 +.Fn ioctl
39 +commands described in this section.
40 +This section also discusses the
41 +common features of the terminal subsystem which are relevant with both user
38 42 interfaces.
39 -.sp
40 -.LP
43 +.Pp
41 44 When a terminal file is opened, it normally causes the process to wait until a
42 -connection is established. In practice, user programs seldom open terminal
45 +connection is established.
46 +In practice, user programs seldom open terminal
43 47 files; they are opened by the system and become a user's standard input,
44 -output, and error files. The first terminal file opened by the session leader
48 +output, and error files.
49 +The first terminal file opened by the session leader
45 50 that is not already associated with a session becomes the controlling terminal
46 -for that session. The controlling terminal plays a special role in handling
47 -quit and interrupt signals, as discussed below. The controlling terminal is
48 -inherited by a child process during a \fBfork\fR(2). A process can break this
49 -association by changing its session using \fBsetsid()\fR (see \fBsetsid\fR(2)).
50 -.sp
51 -.LP
51 +for that session.
52 +The controlling terminal plays a special role in handling
53 +quit and interrupt signals, as discussed below.
54 +The controlling terminal is
55 +inherited by a child process during a
56 +.Xr fork 2 .
57 +A process can break this
58 +association by changing its session using
59 +.Xr setsid 2 .
60 +.Pp
52 61 A terminal associated with one of these files ordinarily operates in
53 -full-duplex mode. Characters may be typed at any time, even while output is
62 +full-duplex mode.
63 +Characters may be typed at any time, even while output is
54 64 occurring, and are only lost when the character input buffers of the system
55 -become completely full, which is rare. For example, the number of characters in
56 -the line discipline buffer may exceed {\fBMAX_CANON\fR} and \fBIMAXBEL\fR
57 -(see below) is not set, or the user may accumulate { \fBMAX_INPUT\fR} number of
58 -input characters that have not yet been read by some program. When the input
65 +become completely full, which is rare.
66 +For example, the number of characters in
67 +the line discipline buffer may exceed
68 +.Brq Dv MAX_CANON
69 +and
70 +.Dv IMAXBEL
71 +(see below) is not set, or the user may accumulate
72 +.Brq Dv MAX_INPUT
73 +number of input characters that have not yet been read by some program.
74 +When the input
59 75 limit is reached, all the characters saved in the buffer up to that point are
60 76 thrown away without notice.
61 -.SS "Session Management (Job Control)"
62 -.LP
77 +.Ss "Session Management (Job Control)"
63 78 A control terminal will distinguish one of the process groups in the session
64 -associated with it to be the foreground process group. All other process
65 -groups in the session are designated as background process groups. This
66 -foreground process group plays a special role in handling signal-generating
67 -input characters, as discussed below. By default, when a controlling terminal
68 -is allocated, the controlling process's process group is assigned as
79 +associated with it to be the foreground process group.
80 +All other process
81 +groups in the session are designated as background process groups.
82 +This foreground process group plays a special role in handling signal-generating
83 +input characters, as discussed below.
84 +By default, when a controlling terminal
85 +is allocated, the controlling process's process group is assigned as
69 86 foreground process group.
70 -.sp
71 -.LP
87 +.Pp
72 88 Background process groups in the controlling process's session are subject to a
73 89 job control line discipline when they attempt to access their controlling
74 -terminal. Process groups can be sent signals that will cause them to stop,
75 -unless they have made other arrangements. An exception is made for members of
90 +terminal.
91 +Process groups can be sent signals that will cause them to stop,
92 +unless they have made other arrangements.
93 +An exception is made for members of
76 94 orphaned process groups.
77 -.sp
78 -.LP
79 -An orphaned process group is one where the process group (see \fBgetpgid\fR(2))
95 +.Pp
96 +An orphaned process group is one where the process group (see
97 +.Xr getpgid 2 )
80 98 has no members with a parent in a different process group but sharing the same
81 -controlling terminal. When a member of an orphaned process group attempts to
99 +controlling terminal.
100 +When a member of an orphaned process group attempts to
82 101 access its controlling terminal, EIO is returned because there would be no way
83 102 to restart the process if it were stopped on one of these signals.
84 -.sp
85 -.LP
103 +.Pp
86 104 If a member of a background process group attempts to read its controlling
87 -terminal, its process group will be sent a \fBSIGTTIN\fR signal, which will
88 -normally cause the members of that process group to stop. If, however, the
89 -process is ignoring or holding \fBSIGTTIN\fR, or is a member of an orphaned
90 -process group, the read will fail with \fBerrno\fR set to \fBEIO\fR, and no
91 -signal is sent.
92 -.sp
93 -.LP
105 +terminal, its process group will be sent a
106 +.Dv SIGTTIN
107 +signal, which will
108 +normally cause the members of that process group to stop.
109 +If, however, the
110 +process is ignoring or holding
111 +.Dv SIGTTIN ,
112 +or is a member of an orphaned
113 +process group, the read will fail with
114 +.Va errno
115 +set to
116 +.Er EIO ,
117 +and no signal is sent.
118 +.Pp
94 119 If a member of a background process group attempts to write its controlling
95 -terminal and the \fBTOSTOP\fR bit is set in the \fBc_lflag\fR field, its
96 -process group is sent a \fBSIGTTOU\fR signal, which will normally cause the
97 -members of that process group to stop. If, however, the process is ignoring or
98 -holding \fBSIGTTOU\fR, the write will succeed. If the process is not ignoring
99 -or holding \fBSIGTTOU\fR and is a member of an orphaned process group, the
100 -write will fail with \fBerrno\fR set to \fBEIO\fR, and no signal will be
101 -sent.
102 -.sp
103 -.LP
104 -If \fBTOSTOP\fR is set and a member of a background process group attempts to
105 -\fBioctl\fR its controlling terminal, and that \fBioctl\fR will modify terminal
106 -parameters (for example, \fBTCSETA\fR, \fBTCSETAW\fR, \fBTCSETAF\fR, or
107 -\fBTIOCSPGRP)\fR, its process group will be sent a \fBSIGTTOU\fR signal, which
108 -will normally cause the members of that process group to stop. If, however, the
109 -process is ignoring or holding \fBSIGTTOU\fR, the ioctl will succeed. If the
110 -process is not ignoring or holding \fBSIGTTOU\fR and is a member of an orphaned
111 -process group, the write will fail with \fBerrno\fR set to \fBEIO\fR, and no
112 -signal will be sent.
113 -.SS "Canonical Mode Input Processing"
114 -.LP
115 -Normally, terminal input is processed in units of lines. A line is delimited by
116 -a newline (\fBASCII LF\fR) character, an end-of-file (\fBASCII EOT\fR)
117 -character, or an end-of-line character. This means that a program attempting to
118 -read will block until an entire line has been typed. Also, no matter how many
120 +terminal and the
121 +.Dv TOSTOP
122 +bit is set in the
123 +.Fa c_lflag
124 +field, its process group is sent a
125 +.Dv SIGTTOU
126 +signal, which will normally cause the
127 +members of that process group to stop.
128 +If, however, the process is ignoring or
129 +holding
130 +.Dv SIGTTOU ,
131 +the write will succeed.
132 +If the process is not ignoring
133 +or holding
134 +.Dv SIGTTOU
135 +and is a member of an orphaned process group, the
136 +write will fail with
137 +.Va errno
138 +set to
139 +.Er EIO ,
140 +and no signal will be sent.
141 +.Pp
142 +If
143 +.Dv TOSTOP
144 +is set and a member of a background process group attempts to
145 +.Fn ioctl
146 +its controlling terminal, and that
147 +.Fn ioctl
148 +will modify terminal parameters (for example,
149 +.Dv TCSETA ,
150 +.Dv TCSETAW ,
151 +.Dv TCSETAF ,
152 +or
153 +.Dv TIOCSPGRP ) ,
154 +its process group will be sent a
155 +.Dv SIGTTOU
156 +signal, which will normally cause the members of that process group to stop.
157 +If, however, the process is ignoring or holding
158 +.Dv SIGTTOU ,
159 +the ioctl will succeed.
160 +If the process is not ignoring or holding
161 +.Dv SIGTTOU
162 +and is a member of an orphaned
163 +process group, the write will fail with
164 +.Va errno
165 +set to
166 +.Er EIO ,
167 +and no signal will be sent.
168 +.Ss "Canonical Mode Input Processing"
169 +Normally, terminal input is processed in units of lines.
170 +A line is delimited by
171 +a newline
172 +.Po
173 +.Sy ASCII LF
174 +.Pc
175 +character, an end-of-file
176 +.Po
177 +.Sy ASCII EOT
178 +.Pc
179 +character, or an end-of-line character.
180 +This means that a program attempting to
181 +read will block until an entire line has been typed.
182 +Also, no matter how many
119 183 characters are requested in the read call, at most one line will be returned.
120 184 It is not necessary, however, to read a whole line at once; any number of
121 185 characters may be requested in a read, even one, without losing information.
122 -.sp
123 -.LP
124 -During input, erase, erase2, and kill processing is normally done. The
125 -\fBERASE\fR and \fBERASE2\fR character (by default, the character \fBDEL\fR for \fBERASE\fR and \fBControl-h\fR for \fBERASE2\fR) erases the last character
126 -typed. The \fBWERASE\fR character (the character \fBControl-w\fR) erases the
186 +.Pp
187 +During input, erase, erase2, and kill processing is normally done.
188 +The
189 +.Sy ERASE
190 +and
191 +.Sy ERASE2
192 +character (by default, the character
193 +.Sy DEL
194 +for
195 +.Sy ERASE
196 +and
197 +.Sy Control-h
198 +for
199 +.Sy ERASE2 )
200 +erases the last character typed.
201 +The
202 +.Sy WERASE
203 +character (the character
204 +.Sy Control-w )
205 +erases the
127 206 last "word" typed in the current input line (but not any preceding spaces or
128 -tabs). A "word" is defined as a sequence of non-blank characters, with tabs
129 -counted as blanks. None of \fBERASE\fR or \fBERASE2\fR or \fBWERASE\fR will
130 -erase beyond the beginning of the line. The \fBKILL\fR character (by default,
131 -the character \fBNAK\fR) kills (deletes) the entire input line, and optionally
132 -outputs a newline character. All these characters operate on a key stroke basis,
133 -independent of any backspacing or tabbing that may have been done. The
134 -\fBREPRINT\fR character (the character Control-r) prints a newline followed by
135 -all characters that have not been read. Reprinting also occurs automatically if
207 +tabs).
208 +A
209 +.Dq word
210 +is defined as a sequence of non-blank characters, with tabs counted as blanks.
211 +None of
212 +.Sy ERASE
213 +or
214 +.Sy ERASE2
215 +or
216 +.Sy WERASE
217 +will erase beyond the beginning of the line.
218 +The
219 +.Sy KILL
220 +character (by default,
221 +the character
222 +.Sy NAK )
223 +kills (deletes) the entire input line, and optionally
224 +outputs a newline character.
225 +All these characters operate on a key stroke basis,
226 +independent of any backspacing or tabbing that may have been done.
227 +The
228 +.Sy REPRINT
229 +character (the character
230 +.Sy Control-r )
231 +prints a newline followed by all characters that have not been read.
232 +Reprinting also occurs automatically if
136 233 characters that would normally be erased from the screen are fouled by program
137 -output. The characters are reprinted as if they were being echoed;
138 -consequencely, if \fBECHO\fR is not set, they are not printed.
139 -.sp
140 -.LP
141 -The \fBERASE\fR, \fBERASE2\fR, and \fBKILL\fR characters may be entered
142 -literally by preceding them with the escape character. In this case, the
143 -escape character is not read. The erase, erase2, and kill characters may be
144 -changed.
145 -.SS "Non-canonical Mode Input Processing"
146 -.LP
234 +output.
235 +The characters are reprinted as if they were being echoed;
236 +consequencely, if
237 +.Dv ECHO
238 +is not set, they are not printed.
239 +.Pp
240 +The
241 +.Sy ERASE ,
242 +.Sy ERASE2 ,
243 +and
244 +.Sy KILL
245 +characters may be entered literally by preceding them with the escape character.
246 +In this case, the escape character is not read.
247 +The erase, erase2, and kill characters may be changed.
248 +.Ss "Non-canonical Mode Input Processing"
147 249 In non-canonical mode input processing, input characters are not assembled into
148 -lines, and erase and kill processing does not occur. The \fBMIN\fR and
149 -\fBTIME\fR values are used to determine how to process the characters received.
150 -.sp
151 -.LP
152 -\fBMIN\fR represents the minimum number of characters that should be received
250 +lines, and erase and kill processing does not occur.
251 +The
252 +.Sy MIN
253 +and
254 +.Sy TIME
255 +values are used to determine how to process the characters received.
256 +.Pp
257 +.Sy MIN
258 +represents the minimum number of characters that should be received
153 259 when the read is satisfied (that is, when the characters are returned to the
154 -user). \fBTIME\fR is a timer of 0.10-second granularity that is used to timeout
155 -bursty and short-term data transmissions. The four possible values for
156 -\fBMIN\fR and \fBTIME\fR and their interactions are described below.
157 -.sp
158 -.ne 2
159 -.na
160 -\fBCase A: MIN > 0, TIME > 0\fR
161 -.ad
162 -.RS 29n
163 -In this case, \fBTIME\fR serves as an intercharacter timer and is activated
164 -after the first character is received. Since it is an intercharacter timer, it
165 -is reset after a character is received. The interaction between \fBMIN\fR and
166 -\fBTIME\fR is as follows: as soon as one character is received, the
167 -intercharacter timer is started. If \fBMIN\fR characters are received before
260 +user).
261 +.Sy TIME
262 +is a timer of 0\&.10-second granularity that is used to timeout
263 +bursty and short-term data transmissions.
264 +The four possible values for
265 +.Sy MIN
266 +and
267 +.Sy TIME
268 +and their interactions are described below.
269 +.Bl -tag -width "Case A: Min > 0, Time > 0"
270 +.It Sy Case A: MIN > 0, TIME > 0
271 +In this case,
272 +.Sy TIME
273 +serves as an intercharacter timer and is activated
274 +after the first character is received.
275 +Since it is an intercharacter timer, it
276 +is reset after a character is received.
277 +The interaction between
278 +.Sy MIN
279 +and
280 +.Sy TIME
281 +is as follows: as soon as one character is received, the
282 +intercharacter timer is started.
283 +If
284 +.Sy MIN
285 +characters are received before
168 286 the intercharacter timer expires (note that the timer is reset upon receipt of
169 -each character), the read is satisfied. If the timer expires before \fBMIN\fR
287 +each character), the read is satisfied.
288 +If the timer expires before
289 +.Sy MIN
170 290 characters are received, the characters received to that point are returned to
171 -the user. Note that if \fBTIME\fR expires, at least one character will be
172 -returned because the timer would not have been enabled unless a character was
173 -received. In this case (MIN > 0, TIME > 0), the read sleeps until the \fBMIN\fR
174 -and \fBTIME\fR mechanisms are activated by the receipt of the first character.
291 +the user.
292 +Note that if
293 +.Sy TIME
294 +expires, at least one character will be
295 +returned because the timer would not have been enabled unless a character was
296 +received.
297 +In this case (MIN > 0, TIME > 0), the read sleeps until the
298 +.Sy MIN
299 +and
300 +.Sy TIME
301 +mechanisms are activated by the receipt of the first character.
175 302 If the number of characters read is less than the number of characters
176 303 available, the timer is not reactivated and the subsequent read is satisfied
177 304 immediately.
178 -.RE
179 -
180 -.sp
181 -.ne 2
182 -.na
183 -\fBCase B: MIN > 0, TIME = 0\fR
184 -.ad
185 -.RS 29n
186 -In this case, since the value of \fBTIME\fR is zero, the timer plays no role
187 -and only \fBMIN\fR is significant. A pending read is not satisfied until
188 -\fBMIN\fR characters are received (the pending read sleeps until \fBMIN\fR
189 -characters are received). A program that uses this case to read record based
190 -terminal \fBI/O\fR may block indefinitely in the read operation.
191 -.RE
192 -
193 -.sp
194 -.ne 2
195 -.na
196 -\fBCase C: MIN = 0, TIME > 0\fR
197 -.ad
198 -.RS 29n
199 -In this case, since \fBMIN\fR = 0, \fBTIME\fR no longer represents an
305 +.It Sy Case B: MIN > 0, TIME = 0
306 +In this case, since the value of
307 +.Sy TIME
308 +is zero, the timer plays no role
309 +and only
310 +.Sy MIN
311 +is significant.
312 +A pending read is not satisfied until
313 +.Sy MIN
314 +characters are received (the pending read sleeps until
315 +.Sy MIN
316 +characters are received).
317 +A program that uses this case to read record based
318 +terminal
319 +.Sy I/O
320 +may block indefinitely in the read operation.
321 +.It Sy Case C: MIN = 0, TIME > 0
322 +In this case, since
323 +.Sy MIN
324 +0,
325 +.Sy TIME
326 +no longer represents an
200 327 intercharacter timer: it now serves as a read timer that is activated as soon
201 -as a \fBread\fR is done. A read is satisfied as soon as a single character is
202 -received or the read timer expires. Note that, in this case, if the timer
203 -expires, no character is returned. If the timer does not expire, the only way
204 -the read can be satisfied is if a character is received. In this case, the
328 +as a
329 +.Xr read 2
330 +is done.
331 +A read is satisfied as soon as a single character is
332 +received or the read timer expires.
333 +Note that, in this case, if the timer
334 +expires, no character is returned.
335 +If the timer does not expire, the only way
336 +the read can be satisfied is if a character is received.
337 +In this case, the
205 338 read will not block indefinitely waiting for a character; if no character is
206 -received within \fBTIME\fR *.10 seconds after the read is initiated, the read
339 +received within
340 +.Sy TIME
341 +*\&.10 seconds after the read is initiated, the read
207 342 returns with zero characters.
208 -.RE
209 -
210 -.sp
211 -.ne 2
212 -.na
213 -\fBCase D: MIN = 0, TIME = 0\fR
214 -.ad
215 -.RS 29n
216 -In this case, return is immediate. The minimum of either the number of
343 +.It Sy Case D: MIN = 0, TIME = 0
344 +In this case, return is immediate.
345 +The minimum of either the number of
217 346 characters requested or the number of characters currently available is
218 347 returned without waiting for more characters to be input.
219 -.RE
220 -
221 -.SS "Comparing Different Cases of MIN, TIME Interaction"
222 -.LP
223 -Some points to note about \fBMIN\fR and \fBTIME\fR :
224 -.RS +4
225 -.TP
226 -.ie t \(bu
227 -.el o
228 -In the following explanations, note that the interactions of \fBMIN\fR and
229 -\fBTIME\fR are not symmetric. For example, when \fBMIN\fR > 0 and \fBTIME\fR
230 -= 0, \fBTIME\fR has no effect. However, in the opposite case, where \fBMIN\fR
231 -= 0 and \fBTIME\fR > 0, both \fBMIN\fR and \fBTIME\fR play a role in that
232 -\fBMIN\fR is satisfied with the receipt of a single character.
233 -.RE
234 -.RS +4
235 -.TP
236 -.ie t \(bu
237 -.el o
238 -Also note that in case A (\fBMIN\fR > 0, \fBTIME\fR > 0), \fBTIME\fR represents
239 -an intercharacter timer, whereas in case C ( \fBMIN\fR = 0, \fBTIME\fR > 0),
240 -\fBTIME\fR represents a read timer.
241 -.RE
242 -.sp
243 -.LP
244 -These two points highlight the dual purpose of the \fBMIN/TIME\fR feature.
245 -Cases A and B, where \fBMIN\fR > 0, exist to handle burst mode activity (for
348 +.El
349 +.Ss "Comparing Different Cases of MIN, TIME Interaction"
350 +Some points to note about
351 +.Sy MIN
352 +and
353 +.Sy TIME :
354 +.Bl -bullet -offset 2n
355 +.It
356 +In the following explanations, note that the interactions of
357 +.Sy MIN
358 +and
359 +.Sy TIME
360 +are not symmetric.
361 +For example, when
362 +.Sy MIN
363 +> 0 and
364 +.Sy TIME
365 += 0,
366 +.Sy TIME
367 +has no effect.
368 +However, in the opposite case, where
369 +.Sy MIN
370 += 0 and
371 +.Sy TIME
372 +> 0, both
373 +.Sy MIN
374 +and
375 +.Sy TIME
376 +play a role in that
377 +.Sy MIN
378 +is satisfied with the receipt of a single character.
379 +.It
380 +Also note that in case A
381 +.Po
382 +.Sy MIN
383 +> 0,
384 +.Sy TIME
385 +> 0
386 +.Pc ,
387 +.Sy TIME
388 +represents
389 +an intercharacter timer, whereas in case C
390 +.Po
391 +.Sy MIN
392 += 0,
393 +.Sy TIME
394 +> 0
395 +.Pc ,
396 +.Sy TIME
397 +represents a read timer.
398 +.El
399 +.Pp
400 +These two points highlight the dual purpose of the
401 +.Sy MIN/TIME
402 +feature.
403 +Cases A and B, where
404 +.Sy MIN
405 +> 0, exist to handle burst mode activity (for
246 406 example, file transfer programs), where a program would like to process at
247 -least \fBMIN\fR characters at a time. In case A, the intercharacter timer is
407 +least
408 +.Sy MIN
409 +characters at a time.
410 +In case A, the inteercharacter timer is
248 411 activated by a user as a safety measure; in case B, the timer is turned off.
249 -.sp
250 -.LP
251 -Cases C and D exist to handle single character, timed transfers. These cases
412 +.Pp
413 +Cases C and D exist to handle single character, timed transfers.
414 +These cases
252 415 are readily adaptable to screen-based applications that need to know if a
253 -character is present in the input queue before refreshing the screen. In case
416 +character is present in the input queue before refreshing the screen.
417 +In case
254 418 C, the read is timed, whereas in case D, it is not.
255 -.sp
256 -.LP
257 -Another important note is that \fBMIN\fR is always just a minimum. It does not
258 -denote a record length. For example, if a program does a read of 20 bytes,
259 -\fBMIN\fR is 10, and 25 characters are present, then 20 characters will be
419 +.Pp
420 +Another important note is that
421 +.Sy MIN
422 +is always just a minimum.
423 +It does not
424 +denote a record length.
425 +For example, if a program does a read of 20 bytes,
426 +.Sy MIN
427 +is 10, and 25 characters are present, then 20 characters will be
260 428 returned to the user.
261 -.SS "Writing Characters"
262 -.LP
429 +.Ss "Writing Characters"
263 430 When one or more characters are written, they are transmitted to the terminal
264 -as soon as previously written characters have finished typing. Input characters
265 -are echoed as they are typed if echoing has been enabled. If a process produces
431 +as soon as previously written characters have finished typing.
432 +nputt characters
433 +are echoed as they are typed if echoing has been enabled.
434 +If a process produces
266 435 characters more rapidly than they can be typed, it will be suspended when its
267 -output queue exceeds some limit. When the queue is drained down to some
436 +output queue exceeds some limit.
437 +When the queue is drained down to some
268 438 threshold, the program is resumed.
269 -.SS "Special Characters"
270 -.LP
271 -Certain characters have special functions on input. These functions and their
272 -default character values are summarized as follows:
273 -.sp
274 -.ne 2
275 -.na
276 -\fB\fBINTR\fR\fR
277 -.ad
278 -.RS 11n
279 -(Control-c or \fBASCII ETX\fR) generates a \fBSIGINT\fR signal. \fBSIGINT\fR is
280 -sent to all foreground processes associated with the controlling terminal.
439 +.Ss "Special Characters"
440 +Certain characters have special functions on input.
441 +These functions and their default character values are summarized as follows:
442 +.Bl -tag -width REPRINT
443 +.It Sy INTR
444 +(Control-c or
445 +.Sy ASCII ETX )
446 +generates a
447 +.Dv SIGINT
448 +signal.
449 +.Dv SIGINT
450 +is sent to all foreground processes associated with the controlling terminal.
281 451 Normally, each such process is forced to terminate, but arrangements may be
282 452 made either to ignore the signal or to receive a trap to an agreed upon
283 -location. (See \fBsignal.h\fR(3HEAD)).
284 -.RE
285 -
286 -.sp
287 -.ne 2
288 -.na
289 -\fB\fBQUIT\fR\fR
290 -.ad
291 -.RS 11n
292 -(Control-| or \fBASCII FS\fR) generates a \fBSIGQUIT\fR signal. Its treatment
453 +location.
454 +(See
455 +.Xr signal.h 3HEAD ) .
456 +.It Sy QUIT
457 +(Control-| or
458 +.Sy ASCII FS )
459 +generates a
460 +.Dv SIGQUIT
461 +signal.
462 +Its treatment
293 463 is identical to the interrupt signal except that, unless a receiving process
294 464 has made other arrangements, it will not only be terminated but a core image
295 -file (called \fBcore\fR) will be created in the current working directory.
296 -.RE
297 -
298 -.sp
299 -.ne 2
300 -.na
301 -\fB\fBERASE\fR\fR
302 -.ad
303 -.RS 11n
304 -(DEL) erases the preceding character. It does not erase beyond
305 -the start of a line, as delimited by a \fBNL\fR, \fBEOF\fR, \fBEOL\fR, or
306 -\fBEOL2\fR character.
307 -.RE
308 -
309 -.sp
310 -.ne 2
311 -.na
312 -\fB\fBERASE2\fR\fR
313 -.ad
314 -.RS 11n
315 -(Control-h or \fBASCII BS\fR) erases the preceding character, with behaviour
316 -identical to that of ERASE.
317 -.RE
318 -
319 -.sp
320 -.ne 2
321 -.na
322 -\fB\fBWERASE\fR\fR
323 -.ad
324 -.RS 11n
325 -(Control-w or \fBASCII ETX\fR) erases the preceding "word". It does not erase
326 -beyond the start of a line, as delimited by a \fBNL\fR, \fBEOF\fR, \fBEOL\fR,
327 -or \fBEOL2\fR character.
328 -.RE
329 -
330 -.sp
331 -.ne 2
332 -.na
333 -\fB\fBKILL\fR\fR
334 -.ad
335 -.RS 11n
336 -(Control-u or \fBASCII NAK\fR) deletes the entire line, as delimited by a
337 -\fBNL\fR, \fBEOF\fR, \fBEOL\fR, or \fBEOL2\fR character.
338 -.RE
339 -
340 -.sp
341 -.ne 2
342 -.na
343 -\fB\fBREPRINT\fR\fR
344 -.ad
345 -.RS 11n
346 -(Control-r or \fBASCII DC2\fR) reprints all characters, preceded by a newline,
347 -that have not been read.
348 -.RE
349 -
350 -.sp
351 -.ne 2
352 -.na
353 -\fB\fBEOF\fR\fR
354 -.ad
355 -.RS 11n
356 -(Control-d or \fBASCII EOT\fR) may be used to generate an end-of-file from a
357 -terminal. When received, all the characters waiting to be read are immediately
358 -passed to the program, without waiting for a newline, and the \fBEOF\fR is
359 -discarded. Thus, if no characters are waiting (that is, the \fBEOF\fR occurred
465 +file (called
466 +.Pa core )
467 +will be created in the current working directory.
468 +.It Sy ERASE
469 +(DEL) erases the preceding character.
470 +It does not erase beyond
471 +the start of a line, as delimited by a
472 +.Sy NL ,
473 +.Sy EOF ,
474 +.Sy EOL ,
475 +or
476 +.Sy EOL2
477 +character.
478 +.It Sy ERASE2
479 +(Control-h or
480 +.Sy ASCII BS )
481 +erases the preceding character, with behaviour identical to that of ERASE.
482 +.It Sy WERASE
483 +(Control-w or
484 +.Sy ASCII ETX )
485 +erases the preceding
486 +.Dq word .
487 +It does not erase beyond the start of a line, as delimited by a
488 +.Sy NL ,
489 +.Sy EOF ,
490 +.Sy EOL ,
491 +or
492 +.Sy EOL2
493 +character.
494 +.It Sy KILL
495 +(Control-u or
496 +.Sy ASCII NAK )
497 +deletes the entire line, as delimited by a
498 +.Sy NL ,
499 +.Sy EOF ,
500 +.Sy EOL ,
501 +or
502 +.Sy EOL2
503 +character.
504 +.It Sy REPRINT
505 +(Control-r or
506 +.Sy ASCII DC2 )
507 +reprints all characters, preceded by a newline, that have not been read.
508 +.It Sy EOF
509 +(Control-d or
510 +.Sy ASCII EOT )
511 +may be used to generate an end-of-file from a terminal.
512 +When received, all the characters waiting to be read are immediately
513 +passed to the program, without waiting for a newline, and the
514 +.Sy EOF
515 +is discarded.
516 +Thus, if no characters are waiting (that is, the
517 +.Sy EOF
518 +occurred
360 519 at the beginning of a line) zero characters are passed back, which is the
361 -standard end-of-file indication. Unless escaped, the \fBEOF\fR character is not
362 -echoed. Because \fBEOT\fR is the default \fBEOF\fR character, this prevents
363 -terminals that respond to \fBEOT\fR from hanging up.
364 -.RE
365 -
366 -.sp
367 -.ne 2
368 -.na
369 -\fB\fBNL\fR\fR
370 -.ad
371 -.RS 11n
372 -(ASCII LF) is the normal line delimiter. It cannot be changed or escaped.
373 -.RE
374 -
375 -.sp
376 -.ne 2
377 -.na
378 -\fB\fBEOL\fR\fR
379 -.ad
380 -.RS 11n
381 -(ASCII NULL) is an additional line delimiter, like \fBNL\fR . It is not
382 -normally used.
383 -.RE
384 -
385 -.sp
386 -.ne 2
387 -.na
388 -\fB\fBEOL2\fR\fR
389 -.ad
390 -.RS 11n
520 +standard end-of-file indication.
521 +Unless escaped, the
522 +.Sy EOF
523 +character is not
524 +echoed.
525 +Because
526 +.Sy EOT
527 +is the default
528 +.Sy EOF
529 +character, this prevents
530 +terminals that respond to
531 +.Sy EOT
532 +from hanging up.
533 +.It Sy NL
534 +.Pq Sy ASCII LF
535 +is the normal line delimiter.
536 +It cannot be changed or escaped.
537 +.It Sy EOL
538 +.Pq Sy ASCII NULL
539 +is an additional line delimiter, like
540 +.Sy NL .
541 +It is not normally used.
542 +.It Sy EOL2
391 543 is another additional line delimiter.
392 -.RE
393 -
394 -.sp
395 -.ne 2
396 -.na
397 -\fB\fBSWTCH\fR\fR
398 -.ad
399 -.RS 11n
400 -(Control-z or \fBASCII EM\fR) Header file symbols related to this special
544 +.It Sy SWTCH
545 +(Control-z or
546 +.Sy ASCII EM )
547 +Header file symbols related to this special
401 548 character are present for compatibility purposes only and the kernel takes no
402 549 special action on matching SWTCH (except to discard the character).
403 -.RE
404 -
405 -.sp
406 -.ne 2
407 -.na
408 -\fB\fBSUSP\fR\fR
409 -.ad
410 -.RS 11n
411 -(Control-z or \fBASCII SUB\fR) generates a \fBSIGTSTP\fR signal. \fBSIGTSTP\fR
550 +.It Sy SUSP
551 +(Control-z or
552 +.Sy ASCII SUB )
553 +generates a
554 +.Dv SIGTSTP
555 +signal.
556 +.Dv SIGTSTP
412 557 stops all processes in the foreground process group for that terminal.
413 -.RE
414 -
415 -.sp
416 -.ne 2
417 -.na
418 -\fB\fBDSUSP\fR\fR
419 -.ad
420 -.RS 11n
421 -(Control-y or \fBASCII EM\fR). It generates a \fBSIGTSTP\fR signal as
422 -\fBSUSP\fR does, but the signal is sent when a process in the foreground
423 -process group attempts to read the \fBDSUSP\fR character, rather than when it
424 -is typed.
425 -.RE
426 -
427 -.sp
428 -.ne 2
429 -.na
430 -\fB\fBSTOP\fR\fR
431 -.ad
432 -.RS 11n
433 -(Control-s or \fBASCII DC3\fR) can be used to suspend output temporarily. It is
434 -useful with \fBCRT\fR terminals to prevent output from disappearing before it
435 -can be read. While output is suspended, \fBSTOP\fR characters are ignored and
558 +.It Sy DSUSP
559 +(Control-y or
560 +.Sy ASCII EM ) .
561 +It generates a
562 +.Dv SIGTSTP
563 +signal as
564 +.Sy SUSP
565 +does, but the signal is sent when a process in the foreground
566 +process group attempts to read the
567 +.Sy DSUSP
568 +character, rather than when it is typed.
569 +.It Sy STOP
570 +(Control-s or
571 +.Sy ASCII DC3 )
572 +can be used to suspend output temporarily.
573 +It is useful with
574 +.Sy CRT
575 +terminals to prevent output from disappearing before it can be read.
576 +While output is suspended,
577 +.Sy STOP
578 +characters are ignored and
436 579 not read.
437 -.RE
438 -
439 -.sp
440 -.ne 2
441 -.na
442 -\fB\fBSTART\fR\fR
443 -.ad
444 -.RS 11n
445 -(Control-q or \fBASCII DC1\fR) is used to resume output. Output has been
446 -suspended by a \fBSTOP\fR character. While output is not suspended,
447 -\fBSTART\fR characters are ignored and not read.
448 -.RE
449 -
450 -.sp
451 -.ne 2
452 -.na
453 -\fB\fBDISCARD\fR\fR
454 -.ad
455 -.RS 11n
456 -(Control-o or \fBASCII SI\fR) causes subsequent output to be discarded. Output
457 -is discarded until another \fBDISCARD\fR character is typed, more input
580 +.It Sy START
581 +(Control-q or
582 +.Sy ASCII DC1 )
583 +is used to resume output.
584 +Output has been suspended by a
585 +.Sy STOP
586 +character.
587 +While output is not suspended,
588 +.Sy START
589 +characters are ignored and not read.
590 +.It Sy DISCARD
591 +(Control-o or
592 +.Sy ASCII SI )
593 +causes subsequent output to be discarded.
594 +Output is discarded until another
595 +.Sy DISCARD
596 +character is typed, more input
458 597 arrives, or the condition is cleared by a program.
459 -.RE
460 -
461 -.sp
462 -.ne 2
463 -.na
464 -\fB\fBSTATUS\fR\fR
465 -.ad
466 -.RS 11n
467 -(Control-t or \fBASCII DC4\fR) generates a \fBSIGINFO\fR signal. Processes with
468 -a handler will output status information when they receive \fBSIGINFO\fR, for
469 -example, \fBdd\fR(1M). If a process does not have a \fBSIGINFO\fR handler, the
598 +.It Sy STATUS
599 +(Control-t or
600 +.Sy ASCII DC4 )
601 +generates a
602 +.Dv SIGINFO
603 +signal.
604 +Processes with a handler will output status information when they receive
605 +.Dv SIGINFO ,
606 +for
607 +example,
608 +.Xr dd 1M .
609 +If a process does not have a
610 +.Dv SIGINFO
611 +handler, the
470 612 signal will be ignored.
471 -.RE
472 -
473 -.sp
474 -.ne 2
475 -.na
476 -\fB\fBLNEXT\fR\fR
477 -.ad
478 -.RS 11n
479 -(Control-v or \fBASCII SYN\fR) causes the special meaning of the next character
480 -to be ignored. This works for all the special characters mentioned above. It
613 +.It Sy LNEXT
614 +(Control-v or
615 +.Sy ASCII SYN )
616 +causes the special meaning of the next character to be ignored.
617 +This works for all the special characters mentioned above.
618 +It
481 619 allows characters to be input that would otherwise be interpreted by the system
482 -(for example \fBKILL, QUIT\fR). The character values for \fBINTR\fR,
483 -\fBQUIT\fR, \fBERASE\fR, \fBERASE2\fR, \fBWERASE\fR, \fBKILL\fR, \fBREPRINT\fR,
484 -\fBEOF\fR, \fBEOL\fR, \fBEOL2\fR, \fBSWTCH\fR, \fBSUSP\fR, \fBDSUSP\fR,
485 -\fBSTOP\fR, \fBSTART\fR, \fBDISCARD\fR, \fBSTATUS\fR, and \fBLNEXT\fR may be
486 -changed to suit individual tastes. If the value of a special control character
487 -is _POSIX_VDISABLE (0), the function of that special control character is
488 -disabled.
489 -The \fBERASE\fR, \fBERASE2\fR, \fBKILL\fR, and \fBEOF\fR characters may be
620 +(for example
621 +.Sy KILL ,
622 +.Sy QUIT ) .
623 +The character values for
624 +.Sy INTR ,
625 +.Sy QUIT ,
626 +.Sy ERASE ,
627 +.Sy ERASE2 ,
628 +.Sy WERASE ,
629 +.Sy KILL ,
630 +.Sy REPRINT ,
631 +.Sy EOF ,
632 +.Sy EOL ,
633 +.Sy EOL2 ,
634 +.Sy SWTCH ,
635 +.Sy SUSP ,
636 +.Sy DSUSP ,
637 +.Sy STOP ,
638 +.Sy START ,
639 +.Sy DISCARD ,
640 +.Sy STATUS ,
641 +and
642 +.Sy LNEXT
643 +may be changed to suit individual tastes.
644 +If the value of a special control character
645 +is
646 +.Dv _POSIX_VDISABLE
647 +(0), the function of that special control character is disabled.
648 +The
649 +.Sy ERASE ,
650 +.Sy ERASE2 ,
651 +.Sy KILL ,
652 +and
653 +.Sy EOF
654 +characters may be
490 655 escaped by a preceding backslash (\e) character, in which case no special
491 656 function is done.
492 -Any of the special characters may be preceded by the \fBLNEXT\fR character, in
657 +Any of the special characters may be preceded by the
658 +.Sy LNEXT
659 +character, in
493 660 which case no special function is done.
494 -.RE
495 -
496 -.SS "Modem Disconnect"
497 -.LP
498 -When a modem disconnect is detected, a \fBSIGHUP\fR signal is sent to the
499 -terminal's controlling process. Unless other arrangements have been made, these
500 -signals cause the process to terminate. If \fBSIGHUP\fR is ignored or caught,
661 +.El
662 +.Ss "Modem Disconnect"
663 +When a modem disconnect is detected, a
664 +.Dv SIGHUP
665 +signal is sent to the
666 +terminal's controlling process.
667 +Unless other arrangements have been made, these
668 +signals cause the process to terminate.
669 +If
670 +.Dv SIGHUP
671 +is ignored or caught,
501 672 any subsequent read returns with an end-of-file indication until the terminal
502 673 is closed.
503 -.sp
504 -.LP
505 -If the controlling process is not in the foreground process group of the
506 -terminal, a \fBSIGTSTP\fR is sent to the terminal's foreground process group.
674 +.Pp
675 +If the controlling process is not in the foreground process group of the
676 +terminal, a
677 +.Dv SIGTSTP
678 +is sent to the terminal's foreground process group.
507 679 Unless other arrangements have been made, these signals cause the processes to
508 680 stop.
509 -.sp
510 -.LP
681 +.Pp
511 682 Processes in background process groups that attempt to access the controlling
512 683 terminal after modem disconnect while the terminal is still allocated to the
513 -session will receive appropriate \fBSIGTTOU\fR and \fBSIGTTIN\fR signals.
514 -Unless other arrangements have been made, this signal causes the processes to
684 +session will receive appropriate
685 +.Dv SIGTTOU
686 +and
687 +.Dv SIGTTIN
688 +signals.
689 +Unless other arrangements have been made, this signal causes the processes to
515 690 stop.
516 -.sp
517 -.LP
518 -The controlling terminal will remain in this state until it is reinitialized
519 -with a successful open by the controlling process, or deallocated by the
691 +.Pp
692 +The controlling terminal will remain in this state until it is reinitialized
693 +ithh a successful open by the controlling process, or deallocated by the
520 694 controlling process.
521 -.SS "Terminal Parameters"
522 -.LP
695 +.Ss "Terminal Parameters"
523 696 The parameters that control the behavior of devices and modules providing the
524 -\fBtermios\fR interface are specified by the \fBtermios\fR structure defined by
525 -\fBtermios.h\fR. Several \fBioctl\fR(2) system calls that fetch or change
697 +.Vt termios
698 +interface are specified by the
699 +.Vt termios
700 +structure defined by
701 +.In termios.h .
702 +Several
703 +.Xr ioctl 2
704 +system calls that fetch or change
526 705 these parameters use this structure that contains the following members:
527 -.sp
528 -.in +2
529 -.nf
530 - tcflag_t c_iflag; /* input modes */
531 - tcflag_t c_oflag; /* output modes */
532 - tcflag_t c_cflag; /* control modes */
533 - tcflag_t c_lflag; /* local modes */
534 - cc_t c_cc[NCCS]; /* control chars */
535 -.fi
536 -.in -2
537 -
538 -.sp
539 -.LP
540 -The special control characters are defined by the array \fBc_cc\fR. The
541 -symbolic name \fBNCCS\fR is the size of the Control-character array and is also
542 -defined by \fB<termios.h>\fR\&. The relative positions, subscript names, and
543 -typical default values for each function are as follows:
544 -.sp
545 -
546 -.sp
547 -.TS
548 -box;
549 -c | c | c
550 -l | l | l .
551 -Relative Position Subscript Name Typical Default Value
552 -_
553 -0 VINTR ETX
554 -_
555 -1 VQUIT FS
556 -_
557 -2 VERASE DEL
558 -_
559 -3 VKILL NAK
560 -_
561 -4 VEOF EOT
562 -_
563 -5 VEOL NUL
564 -_
565 -6 VEOL2 NUL
566 -_
567 -7 VWSTCH NUL
568 -_
569 -8 VSTART NUL
570 -_
571 -9 VSTOP DC3
572 -_
573 -10 VSUSP SUB
574 -_
575 -11 VDSUSP EM
576 -_
577 -12 VREPRINT DC2
578 -_
579 -13 VDISCARD SI
580 -_
581 -14 VWERASE ETB
582 -_
583 -15 VLNEXT SYN
584 -_
585 -16 VSTATUS DC4
586 -_
587 -17 VERASE2 BS
588 -_
589 -18-19 Reserved
590 -.TE
591 -
592 -.SS "Input Modes"
593 -.LP
594 -The \fBc_iflag\fR field describes the basic terminal input control:
595 -.sp
596 -.ne 2
597 -.na
598 -\fB\fBIGNBRK\fR\fR
599 -.ad
600 -.RS 11n
601 - Ignore break condition.
602 -.RE
603 -
604 -.sp
605 -.ne 2
606 -.na
607 -\fB\fBBRKINT\fR\fR
608 -.ad
609 -.RS 11n
706 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
707 +tcflag_t c_iflag; /* input modes */
708 +tcflag_t c_oflag; /* output modes */
709 +tcflag_t c_cflag; /* control modes */
710 +tcflag_t c_lflag; /* local modes */
711 +cc_t c_cc[NCCS]; /* control chars */
712 +.Ed
713 +.Pp
714 +The special control characters are defined by the array
715 +.Fa c_cc .
716 +The symbolic name
717 +.Dv NCCS
718 +is the size of the Control-character array and is also
719 +defined by
720 +.In termios.h .
721 +The relative positions, subscript names, and
722 +typical default values for each function are as follows:
723 +.Bl -column "Relative Position" "Subscript Name" "Typical Default Value"
724 +.It Relative Position Ta Subscript Name Ta Typical Default Value
725 +.It 0 Ta Dv VINTR Ta Sy ETX
726 +.It 1 Ta Dv VQUIT Ta Sy FS
727 +.It 2 Ta Dv VERASE Ta Sy DEL
728 +.It 3 Ta Dv VKILL Ta Sy NAK
729 +.It 4 Ta Dv VEOF Ta Sy EOT
730 +.It 5 Ta Dv VEOL Ta Sy NUL
731 +.It 6 Ta Dv VEOL2 Ta Sy NUL
732 +.It 7 Ta Dv VWSTCH Ta Sy NUL
733 +.It 8 Ta Dv VSTART Ta Sy NUL
734 +.It 9 Ta Dv VSTOP Ta Sy DC3
735 +.It 10 Ta Dv VSUSP Ta Sy SUB
736 +.It 11 Ta Dv VDSUSP Ta Sy EM
737 +.It 12 Ta Dv VREPRINT Ta Sy DC2
738 +.It 13 Ta Dv VDISCARD Ta Sy SI
739 +.It 14 Ta Dv VWERASE Ta Sy ETB
740 +.It 15 Ta Dv VLNEXT Ta Sy SYN
741 +.It 16 Ta Dv VSTATUS Ta Sy DC4
742 +.It 17 Ta Dv VERASE2 Ta Sy BS
743 +.It 18-19 Ta Reserved Ta
744 +.El
745 +.Ss "Input Modes"
746 +The
747 +.Fa c_iflag
748 +field describes the basic terminal input control:
749 +.Pp
750 +.Bl -tag -width "IMAXBEL" -offset 2n -compact
751 +.It Dv IGNBRK
752 +Ignore break condition.
753 +.It Dv BRKINT
610 754 Signal interrupt on break.
611 -.RE
612 -
613 -.sp
614 -.ne 2
615 -.na
616 -\fB\fBIGNPAR\fR\fR
617 -.ad
618 -.RS 11n
755 +.It Dv IGNPAR
619 756 Ignore characters with parity errors.
620 -.RE
621 -
622 -.sp
623 -.ne 2
624 -.na
625 -\fB\fBPARMRK\fR\fR
626 -.ad
627 -.RS 11n
757 +.It Dv PARMRK
628 758 Mark parity errors.
629 -.RE
630 -
631 -.sp
632 -.ne 2
633 -.na
634 -\fB\fBINPCK\fR\fR
635 -.ad
636 -.RS 11n
759 +.It Dv INPCK
637 760 Enable input parity check.
638 -.RE
639 -
640 -.sp
641 -.ne 2
642 -.na
643 -\fB\fBISTRIP\fR\fR
644 -.ad
645 -.RS 11n
761 +.It Dv ISTRIP
646 762 Strip character.
647 -.RE
648 -
649 -.sp
650 -.ne 2
651 -.na
652 -\fB\fBINLCR\fR\fR
653 -.ad
654 -.RS 11n
763 +.It Dv INLCR
655 764 Map NL to CR on input.
656 -.RE
657 -
658 -.sp
659 -.ne 2
660 -.na
661 -\fB\fBIGNCR\fR\fR
662 -.ad
663 -.RS 11n
765 +.It Dv IGNCR
664 766 Ignore CR.
665 -.RE
666 -
667 -.sp
668 -.ne 2
669 -.na
670 -\fB\fBICRNL\fR\fR
671 -.ad
672 -.RS 11n
767 +.It Dv ICRNL
673 768 Map CR to NL on input.
674 -.RE
675 -
676 -.sp
677 -.ne 2
678 -.na
679 -\fB\fBIUCLC\fR\fR
680 -.ad
681 -.RS 11n
769 +.It Dv IUCLC
682 770 Map upper-case to lower-case on input.
683 -.RE
684 -
685 -.sp
686 -.ne 2
687 -.na
688 -\fB\fBIXON\fR\fR
689 -.ad
690 -.RS 11n
771 +.It Dv IXON
691 772 Enable start/stop output control.
692 -.RE
693 -
694 -.sp
695 -.ne 2
696 -.na
697 -\fB\fBIXANY\fR\fR
698 -.ad
699 -.RS 11n
773 +.It Dv IXANY
700 774 Enable any character to restart output.
701 -.RE
702 -
703 -.sp
704 -.ne 2
705 -.na
706 -\fB\fBIXOFF\fR\fR
707 -.ad
708 -.RS 11n
775 +.It Dv IXOFF
709 776 Enable start/stop input control.
710 -.RE
711 -
712 -.sp
713 -.ne 2
714 -.na
715 -\fB\fBIMAXBEL\fR\fR
716 -.ad
717 -.RS 11n
718 -Echo \fBBEL\fR on input line too long.
719 -.RE
720 -
721 -.sp
722 -.LP
723 -If \fBIGNBRK\fR is set, a break condition (a character framing error with data
777 +.It Dv IMAXBEL
778 +Echo
779 +.Sy BEL
780 +on input line too long.
781 +.El
782 +.Pp
783 +If
784 +.Dv IGNBRK
785 +is set, a break condition (a character framing error with data
724 786 all zeros) detected on input is ignored, that is, not put on the input queue
725 -and therefore not read by any process. If \fBIGNBRK\fR is not set and
726 -\fBBRKINT\fR is set, the break condition shall flush the input and output
787 +and therefore not read by any process.
788 +If
789 +.Dv IGNBRK
790 +is not set and
791 +.Dv BRKINT
792 +is set, the break condition shall flush the input and output
727 793 queues and if the terminal is the controlling terminal of a foreground process
728 -group, the break condition generates a single \fBSIGINT\fR signal to that
729 -foreground process group. If neither \fBIGNBRK\fR nor \fBBRKINT\fR is set, a
730 -break condition is read as a single '\e0' (\fBASCII NULL\fR) character, or if
731 -\fBPARMRK\fR is set, as '\e377', '\e0', c, where '\e377' is a single character
732 -with value 377 octal (0xff hex, 255 decimal), '\e0' is a single character with
733 -value 0, and c is the errored character received.
734 -.sp
735 -.LP
736 -If \fBIGNPAR\fR is set, a byte with framing or parity errors (other than
737 -break) is ignored.
738 -.sp
739 -.LP
740 -If \fBPARMRK\fR is set, and \fBIGNPAR\fR is not set, a byte with a framing or
794 +group, the break condition generates a single
795 +.Dv SIGINT
796 +signal to that
797 +foreground process group.
798 +If neither
799 +.Dv IGNBRK
800 +nor
801 +.Dv BRKINT
802 +is set, a
803 +break condition is read as a single
804 +.Ql \e0
805 +.Pq Sy ASCII NULL
806 +character, or if
807 +.Dv PARMRK
808 +is set, as
809 +.Ql \e377 ,
810 +.Ql \e0 ,
811 +.Em c ,
812 +where
813 +.Ql \e377
814 +is a single character
815 +with value 377 octal (0xff hex, 255 decimal),
816 +.Ql \e0
817 +is a single character with value
818 +.Sy 0 ,
819 +and
820 +.Em c
821 +is the errored character received.
822 +.Pp
823 +If
824 +.Dv IGNPAR
825 +is set, a byte with framing or parity errors (other than
826 +break) is ignored.
827 +.Pp
828 +If
829 +.Dv PARMRK
830 +is set, and
831 +.Dv IGNPAR
832 +is not set, a byte with a framing or
741 833 parity error (other than break) is given to the application as the
742 -three-character sequence: '\e377', '\e0', c, where '\e377' is a single
743 -character with value 377 octal (0xff hex, 255 decimal), '\e0' is a single
744 -character with value 0, and c is the errored character received. To avoid
745 -ambiguity in this case, if \fBISTRIP\fR is not set, a valid character
746 -of '\e377' is given to the application as `\e377.' If neither \fBIGNPAR\fR nor
747 -\fBPARMRK\fR is set, a framing or parity error (other than break) is given to
748 -the application as a single '\e0' (\fBASCII NULL\fR) character.
749 -.sp
750 -.LP
751 -If \fBINPCK\fR is set, input parity checking is enabled. If \fBINPCK\fR is not
752 -set, input parity checking is disabled. This allows output parity generation
753 -without input parity errors. Note that whether input parity checking is
834 +three-character sequence:
835 +.Ql \e377 ,
836 +.Ql \e0 ,
837 +c, where
838 +.Ql \e377
839 +is a single character with value 377 octal (0xff hex, 255 decimal),
840 +.Ql \e0
841 +is a single character with value 0, and c is the errored character received.
842 +To avoid ambiguity in this case, if
843 +.Dv ISTRIP
844 +is not set, a valid character
845 +of
846 +.Ql \e377
847 +is given to the application as
848 +.Ql \e377 .
849 +If neither
850 +.Dv IGNPAR
851 +nor
852 +.Dv PARMRK
853 +is set, a framing or parity error (other than break) is given to
854 +the application as a single
855 +.Ql \e0
856 +.Po
857 +.Sy ASCII NULL
858 +.Pc
859 +character.
860 +.Pp
861 +If
862 +.Dv INPCK
863 +is set, input parity checking is enabled.
864 +If
865 +.Dv INPCK
866 +is not
867 +set, input parity checking is disabled.
868 +This allows output parity generation
869 +without input parity errors.
870 +Note that whether input parity checking is
754 871 enabled or disabled is independent of whether parity detection is enabled or
755 -disabled. If parity detection is enabled but input parity checking is
872 +disabled.
873 +If parity detection is enabled but input parity checking is
756 874 disabled, the hardware to which the terminal is connected will recognize the
757 875 parity bit, but the terminal special file will not check whether this is set
758 876 correctly or not.
759 -.sp
760 -.LP
761 -If \fBISTRIP\fR is set, valid input characters are first stripped to seven
877 +.Pp
878 +If
879 +.Dv ISTRIP
880 +is set, valid input characters are first stripped to seven
762 881 bits, otherwise all eight bits are processed.
763 -.sp
764 -.LP
765 -If \fBINLCR\fR is set, a received \fBNL\fR character is translated into a
766 -\fBCR\fR character. If \fBIGNCR\fR is set, a received \fBCR\fR character is
767 -ignored (not read). Otherwise, if \fBICRNL\fR is set, a received \fBCR\fR
768 -character is translated into a \fBNL\fR character.
769 -.sp
770 -.LP
771 -If \fBIUCLC\fR is set, a received upper case, alphabetic character is
882 +.Pp
883 +If
884 +.Dv INLCR
885 +is set, a received
886 +.Sy NL
887 +character is translated into a
888 +.Sy CR
889 +character.
890 +If
891 +.Dv IGNCR
892 +is set, a received
893 +.Sy CR
894 +character is ignored (not read).
895 +Otherwise, if
896 +.Dv ICRNL
897 +is set, a received
898 +.Sy CR
899 +character is translated into a
900 +.Sy NL
901 +character.
902 +.Pp
903 +If
904 +.Dv IUCLC
905 +is set, a received upper case, alphabetic character is
772 906 translated into the corresponding lower case character.
773 -.sp
774 -.LP
775 -If \fBIXON\fR is set, start/stop output control is enabled. A received
776 -\fBSTOP\fR character suspends output and a received \fBSTART\fR character
777 -restarts output. The \fBSTOP\fR and \fBSTART\fR characters will not be read,
778 -but will merely perform flow control functions. If \fBIXANY\fR is set, any
907 +.Pp
908 +If
909 +.Dv IXON
910 +is set, start/stop output control is enabled.
911 +A received
912 +.Sy STOP
913 +character suspends output and a received
914 +.Sy START
915 +character
916 +restarts output.
917 +The
918 +.Sy STOP
919 +and
920 +.Sy START
921 +characters will not be read,
922 +but will merely perform flow control functions.
923 +If
924 +.Dv IXANY
925 +is set, any
779 926 input character restarts output that has been suspended.
780 -.sp
781 -.LP
782 -If \fBIXOFF\fR is set, the system transmits a \fBSTOP\fR character when the
783 -input queue is nearly full, and a \fBSTART\fR character when enough input has
927 +.Pp
928 +If
929 +.Dv IXOFF
930 +is set, the system transmits a
931 +.Sy STOP
932 +character when the
933 +input queue is nearly full, and a
934 +.Sy START
935 +character when enough input has
784 936 been read so that the input queue is nearly empty again.
785 -.sp
786 -.LP
787 -If \fBIMAXBEL\fR is set, the \fBASCII BEL\fR character is echoed if the input
788 -stream overflows. Further input is not stored, but any input already present in
789 -the input stream is not disturbed. If \fBIMAXBEL\fR is not set, no \fBBEL\fR
937 +.Pp
938 +If
939 +.Dv IMAXBEL
940 +is set, the
941 +.Sy ASCII BEL
942 +character is echoed if the input stream overflows.
943 +Further input is not stored, but any input already present in
944 +the input stream is not disturbed.
945 +If
946 +.Dv IMAXBEL
947 +is not set, no
948 +.Sy BEL
790 949 character is echoed, and all input present in the input queue is discarded if
791 950 the input stream overflows.
792 -.SS "Output Modes"
793 -.LP
794 -The \fBc_oflag\fR field specifies the system treatment of output:
795 -.sp
796 -.ne 2
797 -.na
798 -\fB\fBOPOST\fR\fR
799 -.ad
800 -.RS 10n
951 +.Ss "Output Modes"
952 +The
953 +.Fa c_oflag
954 +field specifies the system treatment of output:
955 +.Pp
956 +.Bl -tag -width ONLRET -offset 2n -compact
957 +.It Dv OPOST
801 958 Post-process output.
802 -.RE
803 -
804 -.sp
805 -.ne 2
806 -.na
807 -\fB\fBOLCUC\fR\fR
808 -.ad
809 -.RS 10n
959 +.It Dv OLCUC
810 960 Map lower case to upper on output.
811 -.RE
812 -
813 -.sp
814 -.ne 2
815 -.na
816 -\fB\fBONLCR\fR\fR
817 -.ad
818 -.RS 10n
961 +.It Dv ONLCR
819 962 Map NL to CR-NL on output.
820 -.RE
821 -
822 -.sp
823 -.ne 2
824 -.na
825 -\fB\fBOCRNL\fR\fR
826 -.ad
827 -.RS 10n
963 +.It Dv OCRNL
828 964 Map CR to NL on output.
829 -.RE
830 -
831 -.sp
832 -.ne 2
833 -.na
834 -\fB\fBONOCR\fR\fR
835 -.ad
836 -.RS 10n
837 -No \fBCR\fR output at column 0.
838 -.RE
839 -
840 -.sp
841 -.ne 2
842 -.na
843 -\fB\fBONLRET\fR\fR
844 -.ad
845 -.RS 10n
846 -\fBNL\fR performs \fBCR\fR function.
847 -.RE
848 -
849 -.sp
850 -.ne 2
851 -.na
852 -\fB\fBOFILL\fR\fR
853 -.ad
854 -.RS 10n
965 +.It Dv ONOCR
966 +No
967 +.Sy CR
968 +output at column 0.
969 +.It Dv ONLRET
970 +.Sy NL
971 +performs
972 +.Sy CR
973 +function.
974 +.It Dv OFILL
855 975 Use fill characters for delay.
856 -.RE
857 -
858 -.sp
859 -.ne 2
860 -.na
861 -\fB\fBOFDEL\fR\fR
862 -.ad
863 -.RS 10n
864 -Fill is \fBDEL\fR, else \fINULL\fR.
865 -.RE
866 -
867 -.sp
868 -.ne 2
869 -.na
870 -\fB\fBNLDLY\fR\fR
871 -.ad
872 -.RS 10n
976 +.It Dv OFDEL
977 +Fill is
978 +.Sy DEL ,
979 +else
980 +.Sy INULL .
981 +.It Dv NLDLY
873 982 Select newline delays:
874 -.br
875 -.in +2
876 -\fBNL0\fR
877 -.in -2
878 -.br
879 -.in +2
880 -\fBNL1\fR
881 -.in -2
882 -.RE
883 -
884 -.sp
885 -.ne 2
886 -.na
887 -\fB\fBCRDLY\fR\fR
888 -.ad
889 -.RS 10n
983 +.Bl -tag -width NL0 -compact -offset 2n
984 +.It Sy NL0
985 +.It Sy NL1
986 +.El
987 +.It Dv CRDLY
890 988 Select carriage-return delays:
891 -.br
892 -.in +2
893 -\fBCR0\fR
894 -.in -2
895 -.br
896 -.in +2
897 -\fBCR1\fR
898 -.in -2
899 -.br
900 -.in +2
901 -\fBCR2\fR
902 -.in -2
903 -.br
904 -.in +2
905 -\fBCR3\fR
906 -.in -2
907 -.RE
908 -
909 -.sp
910 -.ne 2
911 -.na
912 -\fB\fBTABDLY\fR\fR
913 -.ad
914 -.RS 10n
989 +.Bl -tag -width CR0 -compact -offset 2n
990 +.It Dv CR0
991 +.It Dv CR1
992 +.It Dv CR2
993 +.It Dv CR3
994 +.El
995 +.It Dv TABDLY
915 996 Select horizontal tab delays or tab expansion:
916 -.sp
917 -.ne 2
918 -.na
919 -\fB\fBTAB0\fR\fR
920 -.ad
921 -.RS 9n
922 -
923 -.RE
924 -
925 -.sp
926 -.ne 2
927 -.na
928 -\fB\fBTAB1\fR\fR
929 -.ad
930 -.RS 9n
931 -
932 -.RE
933 -
934 -.sp
935 -.ne 2
936 -.na
937 -\fB\fBTAB2\fR\fR
938 -.ad
939 -.RS 9n
940 -
941 -.RE
942 -
943 -.sp
944 -.ne 2
945 -.na
946 -\fB\fBTAB3\fR\fR
947 -.ad
948 -.RS 9n
997 +.Bl -tag -width XTABS -compact -offset 2n
998 +.It Dv TAB0
999 +.It Dv TAB1
1000 +.It Dv TAB2
1001 +.It Dv TAB3
949 1002 Expand tabs to spaces
950 -.RE
951 -
952 -.sp
953 -.ne 2
954 -.na
955 -\fB\fBXTABS\fR\fR
956 -.ad
957 -.RS 9n
1003 +.It Dv XTABS
958 1004 Expand tabs to spaces
959 -.RE
960 -
961 -.RE
962 -
963 -.sp
964 -.ne 2
965 -.na
966 -\fB\fBBSDLY\fR\fR
967 -.ad
968 -.RS 10n
1005 +.El
1006 +.It Dv BSDLY
969 1007 Select backspace delays:
970 -.br
971 -.in +2
972 -\fBBS0\fR
973 -.in -2
974 -.br
975 -.in +2
976 -\fBBS1\fR
977 -.in -2
978 -.RE
979 -
980 -.sp
981 -.ne 2
982 -.na
983 -\fB\fBVTDLY\fR\fR
984 -.ad
985 -.RS 10n
1008 +.Bl -tag -width BS0 -offset 2n -compact
1009 +.It Dv BS0
1010 +.It Dv BS1
1011 +.El
1012 +.It Dv VTDLY
986 1013 Select vertical tab delays:
987 -.br
988 -.in +2
989 -\fBVT0\fR
990 -.in -2
991 -.br
992 -.in +2
993 -\fBVT1\fR
994 -.in -2
995 -.RE
996 -
997 -.sp
998 -.ne 2
999 -.na
1000 -\fB\fBFFDLY\fR\fR
1001 -.ad
1002 -.RS 10n
1014 +.Bl -tag -width VT0 -offset 2n -compact
1015 +.It Dv VT0
1016 +.It Dv VT1
1017 +.El
1018 +.It Dv FFDLY
1003 1019 Select form feed delays:
1004 -.br
1005 -.in +2
1006 -\fBFF0\fR
1007 -.in -2
1008 -.br
1009 -.in +2
1010 -\fBFF1\fR
1011 -.in -2
1012 -.RE
1013 -
1014 -.sp
1015 -.LP
1016 -If \fBOPOST\fR is set, output characters are post-processed as indicated by the
1020 +.Bl -tag -width FF0 -offset 2n -compact
1021 +.It Dv FF0
1022 +.It Dv FF1
1023 +.El
1024 +.El
1025 +.Pp
1026 +If
1027 +.Dv OPOST
1028 +is set, output characters are post-processed as indicated by the
1017 1029 remaining flags; otherwise, characters are transmitted without change.
1018 -.sp
1019 -.LP
1020 -If \fBOLCUC\fR is set, a lower case alphabetic character is transmitted as the
1021 -corresponding upper case character. This function is often used in conjunction
1022 -with \fBIUCLC.\fR
1023 -.sp
1024 -.LP
1025 -If \fBONLCR\fR is set, the \fBNL\fR character is transmitted as the \fBCR-NL\fR
1026 -character pair. If \fBOCRNL\fR is set, the \fBCR\fR character is transmitted
1027 -as the \fBNL\fR character. If \fBONOCR\fR is set, no \fBCR\fR character is
1028 -transmitted when at column 0 (first position). If \fBONRET\fR is set, the
1029 -\fBNL\fR character is assumed to do the carriage-return function; the column
1030 -pointer is set to 0 and the delays specified for \fBCR\fR are used. Otherwise,
1031 -the \fBNL\fR character is assumed to do just the line-feed function; the column
1032 -pointer remains unchanged. The column pointer is also set to 0 if the \fBCR\fR
1030 +.Pp
1031 +If
1032 +.Dv OLCUC
1033 +is set, a lower case alphabetic character is transmitted as the
1034 +corresponding upper case character.
1035 +This function is often used in conjunction
1036 +with
1037 +.Dv IUCLC .
1038 +.Pp
1039 +If
1040 +.Dv ONLCR
1041 +is set, the
1042 +.Sy NL
1043 +character is transmitted as the
1044 +.Sy CR-NL
1045 +character pair.
1046 +If
1047 +.Dv OCRNL
1048 +is set, the
1049 +.Sy CR
1050 +character is transmitted as the
1051 +.Sy NL
1052 +character.
1053 +If
1054 +.Dv ONOCR
1055 +is set, no
1056 +.Sy CR
1057 +character is transmitted when at column 0 (first position).
1058 +If
1059 +.Dv ONRET
1060 +is set, the
1061 +.Sy NL
1062 +character is assumed to do the carriage-return function; the column
1063 +pointer is set to 0 and the delays specified for
1064 +.Sy CR
1065 +are used.
1066 +Otherwise, the
1067 +.Sy NL
1068 +character is assumed to do just the line-feed function; the column
1069 +pointer remains unchanged.
1070 +The column pointer is also set to 0 if the
1071 +.Sy CR
1033 1072 character is actually transmitted.
1034 -.sp
1035 -.LP
1073 +.Pp
1036 1074 The delay bits specify how long transmission stops to allow for mechanical or
1037 -other movement when certain characters are sent to the terminal. In all cases,
1038 -a value of 0 indicates no delay. If \fBOFILL\fR is set, fill characters are
1039 -transmitted for delay instead of a timed delay. This is useful for high baud
1040 -rate terminals that need only a minimal delay. If \fBOFDEL\fR is set, the
1041 -fill character is \fBDEL\fR ; otherwise it is \fINULL\fR.
1042 -.sp
1043 -.LP
1075 +other movement when certain characters are sent to the terminal.
1076 +In all cases, a value of 0 indicates no delay.
1077 +If
1078 +.Dv OFILL
1079 +is set, fill characters are transmitted for delay instead of a timed delay.
1080 +This is useful for high baud rate terminals that need only a minimal delay.
1081 +If
1082 +.Dv OFDEL
1083 +is set, the
1084 +fill character is
1085 +.Sy DEL ;
1086 +otherwise it is
1087 +.Sy NULL .
1088 +.Pp
1044 1089 If a form-feed or vertical-tab delay is specified, it lasts for about 2
1045 1090 seconds.
1046 -.sp
1047 -.LP
1048 -Newline delay lasts about 0.10 seconds. If \fBONLRET\fR is set, the
1049 -carriage-return delays are used instead of the newline delays. If \fBOFILL\fR
1091 +.Pp
1092 +Newline delay lasts about 0\&.10 seconds.
1093 +If
1094 +.Dv ONLRET
1095 +is set, the carriage-return delays are used instead of the newline delays.
1096 +If
1097 +.Dv OFILL
1050 1098 is set, two fill characters are transmitted.
1051 -.sp
1052 -.LP
1099 +.Pp
1053 1100 Carriage-return delay type 1 is dependent on the current column position, type
1054 -2 is about 0.10 seconds, and type 3 is about 0.15 seconds. If \fBOFILL\fR is
1055 -set, delay type 1 transmits two fill characters, and type 2 transmits four fill
1056 -characters.
1057 -.sp
1058 -.LP
1059 -Horizontal-tab delay type 1 is dependent on the current column position. Type 2
1060 -is about 0.10 seconds. Type 3 specifies that tabs are to be expanded into
1061 -spaces. If \fBOFILL\fR is set, two fill characters are transmitted for any
1062 -delay.
1063 -.sp
1064 -.LP
1065 -Backspace delay lasts about 0.05 seconds. If \fBOFILL\fR is set, one fill
1066 -character is transmitted.
1067 -.sp
1068 -.LP
1101 +2 is about 0\&.10 seconds, and type 3 is about 0\&.15 seconds.
1102 +If
1103 +.Dv OFILL
1104 +is set, delay type 1 transmits two fill characters, and type 2 transmits four
1105 +fill characters.
1106 +.Pp
1107 +Horizontal-tab delay type 1 is dependent on the current column position.
1108 +Type 2 is about 0\&.10 seconds.
1109 +Type 3 specifies that tabs are to be expanded into spaces.
1110 +If
1111 +.Dv OFILL
1112 +is set, two fill characters are transmitted for any delay.
1113 +.Pp
1114 +Backspace delay lasts about 0\&.05 seconds.
1115 +If
1116 +.Dv OFILL
1117 +is set, one fill character is transmitted.
1118 +.Pp
1069 1119 The actual delays depend on line speed and system load.
1070 -.SS "Control Modes"
1071 -.LP
1072 -The \fBc_cflag\fR field describes the hardware control of the terminal:
1073 -.sp
1074 -.ne 2
1075 -.na
1076 -\fB\fBCBAUD\fR\fR
1077 -.ad
1078 -.RS 13n
1120 +.Ss "Control Modes"
1121 +The
1122 +.Fa c_cflag
1123 +field describes the hardware control of the terminal:
1124 +.Bl -tag -width CIBAUDEXT -offset 2n
1125 +.It Dv CBAUD
1079 1126 Baud rate:
1080 -.RE
1081 -
1082 -.sp
1083 -.ne 2
1084 -.na
1085 -\fB\fBB0\fR\fR
1086 -.ad
1087 -.RS 13n
1127 +.Bl -tag -width B460800 -compact
1128 +.It Dv B0
1088 1129 Hang up
1089 -.RE
1090 -
1091 -.sp
1092 -.ne 2
1093 -.na
1094 -\fB\fBB50\fR\fR
1095 -.ad
1096 -.RS 13n
1130 +.It Dv B50
1097 1131 50 baud
1098 -.RE
1099 -
1100 -.sp
1101 -.ne 2
1102 -.na
1103 -\fB\fBB75\fR\fR
1104 -.ad
1105 -.RS 13n
1132 +.It Dv B75
1106 1133 75 baud
1107 -.RE
1108 -
1109 -.sp
1110 -.ne 2
1111 -.na
1112 -\fB\fBB110\fR\fR
1113 -.ad
1114 -.RS 13n
1134 +.It Dv B110
1115 1135 110 baud
1116 -.RE
1117 -
1118 -.sp
1119 -.ne 2
1120 -.na
1121 -\fB\fBB134\fR\fR
1122 -.ad
1123 -.RS 13n
1136 +.It Dv B134
1124 1137 134 baud
1125 -.RE
1126 -
1127 -.sp
1128 -.ne 2
1129 -.na
1130 -\fB\fBB150\fR\fR
1131 -.ad
1132 -.RS 13n
1138 +.It Dv B150
1133 1139 150 baud
1134 -.RE
1135 -
1136 -.sp
1137 -.ne 2
1138 -.na
1139 -\fB\fBB200\fR\fR
1140 -.ad
1141 -.RS 13n
1140 +.It Dv B200
1142 1141 200 baud
1143 -.RE
1144 -
1145 -.sp
1146 -.ne 2
1147 -.na
1148 -\fB\fBB300\fR\fR
1149 -.ad
1150 -.RS 13n
1142 +.It Dv B300
1151 1143 300 baud
1152 -.RE
1153 -
1154 -.sp
1155 -.ne 2
1156 -.na
1157 -\fB\fBB600\fR\fR
1158 -.ad
1159 -.RS 13n
1144 +.It Dv B600
1160 1145 600 baud
1161 -.RE
1162 -
1163 -.sp
1164 -.ne 2
1165 -.na
1166 -\fB\fBB1200\fR\fR
1167 -.ad
1168 -.RS 13n
1146 +.It Dv B1200
1169 1147 1200 baud
1170 -.RE
1171 -
1172 -.sp
1173 -.ne 2
1174 -.na
1175 -\fB\fBB1800\fR\fR
1176 -.ad
1177 -.RS 13n
1148 +.It Dv B1800
1178 1149 1800 baud
1179 -.RE
1180 -
1181 -.sp
1182 -.ne 2
1183 -.na
1184 -\fB\fBB2400\fR\fR
1185 -.ad
1186 -.RS 13n
1150 +.It Dv B2400
1187 1151 2400 baud
1188 -.RE
1189 -
1190 -.sp
1191 -.ne 2
1192 -.na
1193 -\fB\fBB4800\fR\fR
1194 -.ad
1195 -.RS 13n
1152 +.It Dv B4800
1196 1153 4800 baud
1197 -.RE
1198 -
1199 -.sp
1200 -.ne 2
1201 -.na
1202 -\fB\fBB9600\fR\fR
1203 -.ad
1204 -.RS 13n
1154 +.It Dv B9600
1205 1155 9600 baud
1206 -.RE
1207 -
1208 -.sp
1209 -.ne 2
1210 -.na
1211 -\fB\fBB19200\fR\fR
1212 -.ad
1213 -.RS 13n
1156 +.It Dv B19200
1214 1157 19200 baud
1215 -.RE
1216 -
1217 -.sp
1218 -.ne 2
1219 -.na
1220 -\fB\fBEXTA\fR\fR
1221 -.ad
1222 -.RS 13n
1158 +.It Dv EXTA
1223 1159 External A
1224 -.RE
1225 -
1226 -.sp
1227 -.ne 2
1228 -.na
1229 -\fB\fBB38400\fR\fR
1230 -.ad
1231 -.RS 13n
1160 +.It Dv B38400
1232 1161 38400 baud
1233 -.RE
1234 -
1235 -.sp
1236 -.ne 2
1237 -.na
1238 -\fB\fBEXTB\fR\fR
1239 -.ad
1240 -.RS 13n
1162 +.It Dv EXTB
1241 1163 External B
1242 -.RE
1243 -
1244 -.sp
1245 -.ne 2
1246 -.na
1247 -\fB\fBB57600\fR\fR
1248 -.ad
1249 -.RS 13n
1164 +.It Dv B57600
1250 1165 57600 baud
1251 -.RE
1252 -
1253 -.sp
1254 -.ne 2
1255 -.na
1256 -\fB\fBB76800\fR\fR
1257 -.ad
1258 -.RS 13n
1166 +.It Dv B76800
1259 1167 76800 baud
1260 -.RE
1261 -
1262 -.sp
1263 -.ne 2
1264 -.na
1265 -\fB\fBB115200\fR\fR
1266 -.ad
1267 -.RS 13n
1168 +.It Dv B115200
1268 1169 115200 baud
1269 -.RE
1270 -
1271 -.sp
1272 -.ne 2
1273 -.na
1274 -\fB\fBB153600\fR\fR
1275 -.ad
1276 -.RS 13n
1170 +.It Dv B153600
1277 1171 153600 baud
1278 -.RE
1279 -
1280 -.sp
1281 -.ne 2
1282 -.na
1283 -\fB\fBB230400\fR\fR
1284 -.ad
1285 -.RS 13n
1172 +.It Dv B230400
1286 1173 230400 baud
1287 -.RE
1288 -
1289 -.sp
1290 -.ne 2
1291 -.na
1292 -\fB\fBB307200\fR\fR
1293 -.ad
1294 -.RS 13n
1174 +.It Dv B307200
1295 1175 307200 baud
1296 -.RE
1297 -
1298 -.sp
1299 -.ne 2
1300 -.na
1301 -\fB\fBB460800\fR\fR
1302 -.ad
1303 -.RS 13n
1176 +.It Dv B460800
1304 1177 460800 baud
1305 -.RE
1306 -
1307 -.sp
1308 -.ne 2
1309 -.na
1310 -\fB\fBCSIZE\fR\fR
1311 -.ad
1312 -.RS 13n
1178 +.El
1179 +.It Dv CSIZE
1313 1180 Character size:
1314 -.RE
1315 -
1316 -.sp
1317 -.ne 2
1318 -.na
1319 -\fB\fBCS5\fR\fR
1320 -.ad
1321 -.RS 13n
1181 +.Bl -tag -width CIBAUDEXT -compact
1182 +.It Dv CS5
1322 1183 5 bits
1323 -.RE
1324 -
1325 -.sp
1326 -.ne 2
1327 -.na
1328 -\fB\fBCS6\fR\fR
1329 -.ad
1330 -.RS 13n
1184 +.It Dv CS6
1331 1185 6 bits
1332 -.RE
1333 -
1334 -.sp
1335 -.ne 2
1336 -.na
1337 -\fB\fBCS7\fR\fR
1338 -.ad
1339 -.RS 13n
1186 +.It Dv CS7
1340 1187 7 bits
1341 -.RE
1342 -
1343 -.sp
1344 -.ne 2
1345 -.na
1346 -\fB\fBCS8\fR\fR
1347 -.ad
1348 -.RS 13n
1188 +.It Dv CS8
1349 1189 8 bits
1350 -.RE
1351 -
1352 -.sp
1353 -.ne 2
1354 -.na
1355 -\fB\fBCSTOPB\fR\fR
1356 -.ad
1357 -.RS 13n
1190 +.It Dv CSTOPB
1358 1191 Send two stop bits, else one
1359 -.RE
1360 -
1361 -.sp
1362 -.ne 2
1363 -.na
1364 -\fB\fBCREAD\fR\fR
1365 -.ad
1366 -.RS 13n
1192 +.It Dv CREAD
1367 1193 Enable receiver
1368 -.RE
1369 -
1370 -.sp
1371 -.ne 2
1372 -.na
1373 -\fB\fBPARENB\fR\fR
1374 -.ad
1375 -.RS 13n
1194 +.It Dv PARENB
1376 1195 Parity enable
1377 -.RE
1378 -
1379 -.sp
1380 -.ne 2
1381 -.na
1382 -\fB\fBPARODD\fR\fR
1383 -.ad
1384 -.RS 13n
1196 +.It Dv PARODD
1385 1197 Odd parity, else even
1386 -.RE
1387 -
1388 -.sp
1389 -.ne 2
1390 -.na
1391 -\fB\fBHUPCL\fR\fR
1392 -.ad
1393 -.RS 13n
1198 +.It Dv HUPCL
1394 1199 Hang up on last close
1395 -.RE
1396 -
1397 -.sp
1398 -.ne 2
1399 -.na
1400 -\fB\fBCLOCAL\fR\fR
1401 -.ad
1402 -.RS 13n
1200 +.It Dv CLOCAL
1403 1201 Local line, else dial-up
1404 -.RE
1405 -
1406 -.sp
1407 -.ne 2
1408 -.na
1409 -\fB\fBCIBAUD\fR\fR
1410 -.ad
1411 -.RS 13n
1202 +.It Dv CIBAUD
1412 1203 Input baud rate, if different from output rate
1413 -.RE
1414 -
1415 -.sp
1416 -.ne 2
1417 -.na
1418 -\fB\fBPAREXT\fR\fR
1419 -.ad
1420 -.RS 13n
1204 +.It Dv PAREXT
1421 1205 Extended parity for mark and space parity
1422 -.RE
1423 -
1424 -.sp
1425 -.ne 2
1426 -.na
1427 -\fB\fBCRTSXOFF\fR\fR
1428 -.ad
1429 -.RS 13n
1206 +.It Dv CRTSXOFF
1430 1207 Enable inbound hardware flow control
1431 -.RE
1432 -
1433 -.sp
1434 -.ne 2
1435 -.na
1436 -\fB\fBCRTSCTS\fR\fR
1437 -.ad
1438 -.RS 13n
1208 +.It Dv CRTSCTS
1439 1209 Enable outbound hardware flow control
1440 -.RE
1441 -
1442 -.sp
1443 -.ne 2
1444 -.na
1445 -\fB\fBCBAUDEXT\fR\fR
1446 -.ad
1447 -.RS 13n
1210 +.It Dv CBAUDEXT
1448 1211 Bit to indicate output speed > B38400
1449 -.RE
1450 -
1451 -.sp
1452 -.ne 2
1453 -.na
1454 -\fB\fBCIBAUDEXT\fR\fR
1455 -.ad
1456 -.RS 13n
1212 +.It Dv CIBAUDEXT
1457 1213 Bit to indicate input speed > B38400
1458 -.RE
1459 -
1460 -.sp
1461 -.LP
1462 -The \fBCBAUD\fR bits together with the \fBCBAUDEXT\fR bit specify the output
1463 -baud rate. To retrieve the output speed from the \fBtermios\fR structure
1464 -pointed to by \fBtermios_p\fR see the following code segment.
1465 -.sp
1466 -.in +2
1467 -.nf
1214 +.El
1215 +.El
1216 +.Pp
1217 +The
1218 +.Dv CBAUD
1219 +bits together with the
1220 +.Dv CBAUDEXT
1221 +bit specify the output baud rate.
1222 +To retrieve the output speed from the
1223 +.Vt termios
1224 +structure pointed to by
1225 +.Fa termios_p
1226 +see the following code segment.
1227 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
1468 1228 speed_t ospeed;
1469 1229 if (termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUDEXT)
1470 - ospeed = (termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUD) + CBAUD + 1;
1230 + ospeed = (termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUD) + CBAUD + 1;
1471 1231 else
1472 - ospeed = termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUD;
1473 -.fi
1474 -.in -2
1475 -
1476 -.sp
1477 -.LP
1232 + ospeed = termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUD;
1233 +.Ed
1234 +.Pp
1478 1235 To store the output speed in the termios structure pointed to by
1479 -\fBtermios_p\fR see the following code segment.
1480 -.sp
1481 -.in +2
1482 -.nf
1236 +.Fa termios_p
1237 +see the following code segment.
1238 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
1483 1239 speed_t ospeed;
1484 1240 if (ospeed > CBAUD) {
1485 - termios_p->c_cflag |= CBAUDEXT;
1486 - ospeed -= (CBAUD + 1);
1487 -} else
1488 - termios_p->c_cflag &= ~CBAUDEXT;
1489 - termios_p->c_cflag =
1490 - (termios_p->c_cflag & ~CBAUD) | (ospeed & CBAUD);
1491 -.fi
1492 -.in -2
1493 -
1494 -.sp
1495 -.LP
1496 -The zero baud rate, B0, is used to hang up the connection. If B0 is specified,
1497 -the data-terminal-ready signal is not asserted. Normally, this disconnects the
1498 -line.
1499 -.sp
1500 -.LP
1501 -If the \fBCIBAUDEXT\fR or \fBCIBAUD\fR bits are not zero, they specify the
1502 -input baud rate, with the \fBCBAUDEXT\fR and \fBCBAUD\fR bits specifying the
1503 -output baud rate; otherwise, the output and input baud rates are both specified
1504 -by the \fBCBAUDEXT\fR and \fBCBAUD\fR bits. The values for the \fBCIBAUD\fR
1505 -bits are the same as the values for the \fBCBAUD\fR bits, shifted left
1506 -\fBIBSHIFT\fR bits. For any particular hardware, impossible speed changes are
1507 -ignored. To retrieve the input speed in the \fBtermios\fR structure pointed to
1508 -by \fBtermios_p\fR see the following code segment.
1509 -.sp
1510 -.in +2
1511 -.nf
1241 + termios_p->c_cflag |= CBAUDEXT;
1242 + ospeed -= (CBAUD + 1);
1243 +} else {
1244 + termios_p->c_cflag &= ~CBAUDEXT;
1245 +}
1246 +termios_p->c_cflag =
1247 + (termios_p->c_cflag & ~CBAUD) | (ospeed & CBAUD);
1248 +.Ed
1249 +.Pp
1250 +The zero baud rate,
1251 +.Dv B0 ,
1252 +is used to hang up the connection.
1253 +If
1254 +.Dv B0
1255 +is specified, the data-terminal-ready signal is not asserted.
1256 +Normally, this disconnects the line.
1257 +.Pp
1258 +If the
1259 +.Dv CIBAUDEXT
1260 +or
1261 +.Dv CIBAUD
1262 +bits are not zero, they specify the input baud rate, with the
1263 +.Dv CBAUDEXT
1264 +and
1265 +.Dv CBAUD
1266 +bits specifying the output baud rate; otherwise, the output and input baud
1267 +rates are both specified by the
1268 +.Dv CBAUDEXT
1269 +and
1270 +.Dv CBAUD
1271 +bits.
1272 +The values for the
1273 +.Dv CIBAUD
1274 +bits are the same as the values for the
1275 +.Dv CBAUD
1276 +bits, shifted left
1277 +.Dv IBSHIFT
1278 +bits.
1279 +For any particular hardware, impossible speed changes are
1280 +ignored.
1281 +To retrieve the input speed in the
1282 +.Vt termios
1283 +structure pointed to
1284 +by
1285 +.Fa termios_p
1286 +see the following code segment.
1287 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
1512 1288 speed_t ispeed;
1513 -if (termios_p->c_cflag & CIBAUDEXT)
1514 - ispeed = ((termios_p->c_cflag & CIBAUD) >> IBSHIFT)
1515 - + (CIBAUD >> IBSHIFT) + 1;
1516 -else
1517 - ispeed = (termios_p->c_cflag & CIBAUD) >> IBSHIFT;
1518 -.fi
1519 -.in -2
1520 -
1521 -.sp
1522 -.LP
1523 -To store the input speed in the \fBtermios\fR structure pointed to by
1524 -\fBtermios_p\fR see the following code segment.
1525 -.sp
1526 -.in +2
1527 -.nf
1289 +if (termios_p->c_cflag & CIBAUDEXT) {
1290 + ispeed = ((termios_p->c_cflag & CIBAUD) >> IBSHIFT)
1291 + + (CIBAUD >> IBSHIFT) + 1;
1292 +} else {
1293 + ispeed = (termios_p->c_cflag & CIBAUD) >> IBSHIFT;
1294 +}
1295 +.Ed
1296 +.Pp
1297 +To store the input speed in the
1298 +.Vt termios
1299 +structure pointed to by
1300 +.Fa termios_p
1301 +see the following code segment.
1302 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
1528 1303 speed_t ispeed;
1529 1304 if (ispeed == 0) {
1530 - ispeed = termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUD;
1531 -if (termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUDEXT)
1532 - ispeed += (CBAUD + 1);
1305 + ispeed = termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUD;
1306 + if (termios_p->c_cflag & CBAUDEXT)
1307 + ispeed += (CBAUD + 1);
1533 1308 }
1534 - if ((ispeed << IBSHIFT) > CIBAUD) {
1535 - termios_p->c_cflag |= CIBAUDEXT;
1536 - ispeed -= ((CIBAUD >> IBSHIFT) + 1);
1537 -} else
1538 - termios_p->c_cflag &= ~CIBAUDEXT;
1539 - termios_p->c_cflag =
1540 - (termios_p->c_cflag & ~CIBAUD) |
1541 - ((ispeed << IBSHIFT) & CIBAUD);
1542 -.fi
1543 -.in -2
1544 -
1545 -.sp
1546 -.LP
1547 -The \fBCSIZE\fR bits specify the character size in bits for both transmission
1548 -and reception. This size does not include the parity bit, if any. If
1549 -\fBCSTOPB\fR is set, two stop bits are used; otherwise, one stop bit is used.
1309 +if ((ispeed << IBSHIFT) > CIBAUD) {
1310 + termios_p->c_cflag |= CIBAUDEXT;
1311 + ispeed -= ((CIBAUD >> IBSHIFT) + 1);
1312 +} else {
1313 + termios_p->c_cflag &= ~CIBAUDEXT;
1314 +}
1315 +termios_p->c_cflag =
1316 + (termios_p->c_cflag & ~CIBAUD) | ((ispeed << IBSHIFT) & CIBAUD);
1317 +.Ed
1318 +.Pp
1319 +The
1320 +.Dv CSIZE
1321 +bits specify the character size in bits for both transmission and reception.
1322 +This size does not include the parity bit, if any.
1323 +If
1324 +.Dv CSTOPB
1325 +is set, two stop bits are used; otherwise, one stop bit is used.
1550 1326 For example, at 110 baud, two stops bits are required.
1551 -.sp
1552 -.LP
1553 -If \fBPARENB\fR is set, parity generation and detection is enabled, and a
1554 -parity bit is added to each character. If parity is enabled, the \fBPARODD\fR
1327 +.Pp
1328 +If
1329 +.Dv PARENB
1330 +is set, parity generation and detection is enabled, and a
1331 +parity bit is added to each character.
1332 +If parity is enabled, the
1333 +.Dv PARODD
1555 1334 flag specifies odd parity if set; otherwise, even parity is used.
1556 -.sp
1557 -.LP
1558 -If \fBCREAD\fR is set, the receiver is enabled. Otherwise, no characters are
1559 -received.
1560 -.sp
1561 -.LP
1562 -If \fBHUPCL\fR is set, the line is disconnected when the last process with the
1563 -line open closes it or terminates. That is, the data-terminal-ready signal is
1564 -not asserted.
1565 -.sp
1566 -.LP
1567 -If \fBCLOCAL\fR is set, the line is assumed to be a local, direct connection
1335 +.Pp
1336 +If
1337 +.Dv CREAD
1338 +is set, the receiver is enabled.
1339 +Otherwise, no characters are received.
1340 +.Pp
1341 +If
1342 +.Dv HUPCL
1343 +is set, the line is disconnected when the last process with the
1344 +line open closes it or terminates.
1345 +That is, the data-terminal-ready signal is not asserted.
1346 +.Pp
1347 +If
1348 +.Dv CLOCAL
1349 +is set, the line is assumed to be a local, direct connection
1568 1350 with no modem control; otherwise, modem control is assumed.
1569 -.sp
1570 -.LP
1571 -If \fBCRTSXOFF\fR is set, inbound hardware flow control is enabled.
1572 -.sp
1573 -.LP
1574 -If \fBCRTSCTS\fR is set, outbound hardware flow control is enabled.
1575 -.sp
1576 -.LP
1577 -The four possible combinations for the state of \fBCRTSCTS\fR and
1578 -\fBCRTSXOFF\fR bits and their interactions are described below.
1579 -.sp
1580 -.ne 2
1581 -.na
1582 -\fBCase A:\fR
1583 -.ad
1584 -.RS 11n
1585 -\fBCRTSCTS\fR off, \fBCRTSXOFF\fR off. In this case the hardware flow control
1586 -is disabled.
1587 -.RE
1588 -
1589 -.sp
1590 -.ne 2
1591 -.na
1592 -\fBCase B:\fR
1593 -.ad
1594 -.RS 11n
1595 -\fBCRTSCTS\fR on, \fBCRTSXOFF\fR off. In this case only outbound hardware flow
1596 -control is enabled. The state of CTS signal is used to do outbound flow
1597 -control. It is expected that output will be suspended if CTS is low and resumed
1351 +.Pp
1352 +If
1353 +.Dv CRTSXOFF
1354 +is set, inbound hardware flow control is enabled.
1355 +.Pp
1356 +If
1357 +.Dv CRTSCTS
1358 +is set, outbound hardware flow control is enabled.
1359 +.Pp
1360 +The four possible combinations for the state of
1361 +.Dv CRTSCTS
1362 +and
1363 +.Dv CRTSXOFF
1364 +bits and their interactions are described below.
1365 +.Bl -tag -width "Case C:"
1366 +.It Sy Case A :
1367 +.Dv CRTSCTS
1368 +off,
1369 +.Dv CRTSXOFF
1370 +off.
1371 +In this case the hardware flow control is disabled.
1372 +.It Sy Case B :
1373 +.Dv CRTSCTS
1374 +on,
1375 +.Dv CRTSXOFF
1376 +off.
1377 +In this case only outbound hardware flow control is enabled.
1378 +The state of CTS signal is used to do outbound flow control.
1379 +It is expected that output will be suspended if CTS is low and resumed
1598 1380 when CTS is high.
1599 -.RE
1600 -
1601 -.sp
1602 -.ne 2
1603 -.na
1604 -\fBCase C:\fR
1605 -.ad
1606 -.RS 11n
1607 -\fBCRTSCTS\fR off, \fBCRTSXOFF\fR on. In this case only inbound hardware flow
1608 -control is enabled. The state of RTS signal is used to do inbound flow control.
1381 +.It Sy Case C :
1382 +.Dv CRTSCTS
1383 +off,
1384 +.Dv CRTSXOFF
1385 +on.
1386 +In this case only inbound hardware flow control is enabled.
1387 +The state of RTS signal is used to do inbound flow control.
1609 1388 It is expected that input will be suspended if RTS is low and resumed when RTS
1610 1389 is high.
1611 -.RE
1612 -
1613 -.sp
1614 -.ne 2
1615 -.na
1616 -\fBCase D:\fR
1617 -.ad
1618 -.RS 11n
1619 -\fBCRTSCTS\fR on, \fBCRTSXOFF\fR on. In this case both inbound and outbound
1620 -hardware flow control are enabled. Uses the state of CTS signal to do outbound
1390 +.It Sy Case D :
1391 +.Dv CRTSCTS
1392 +on,
1393 +.Dv CRTSXOFF
1394 +on.
1395 +In this case both inbound and outbound hardware flow control are enabled.
1396 +Uses the state of CTS signal to do outbound
1621 1397 flow control and RTS signal to do inbound flow control.
1622 -.RE
1623 -
1624 -.SS "Local Modes"
1625 -.LP
1626 -The \fBc_lflag\fR field of the argument structure is used by the line
1627 -discipline to control terminal functions. The basic line discipline provides
1628 -the following:
1629 -.sp
1630 -.ne 2
1631 -.na
1632 -\fB\fBISIG\fR\fR
1633 -.ad
1634 -.RS 11n
1635 - Enable signals.
1636 -.RE
1637 -
1638 -.sp
1639 -.ne 2
1640 -.na
1641 -\fB\fBICANON\fR\fR
1642 -.ad
1643 -.RS 11n
1398 +.El
1399 +.Ss "Local Modes"
1400 +The
1401 +.Fa c_lflag
1402 +field of the argument structure is used by the line
1403 +discipline to control terminal functions.
1404 +The basic line discipline provides the following:
1405 +.Pp
1406 +.Bl -tag -offset 2n -width SIGTTOU -compact
1407 +.It Dv ISIG
1408 +Enable signals.
1409 +.It Dv ICANON
1644 1410 Canonical input (erase and kill processing).
1645 -.RE
1646 -
1647 -.sp
1648 -.ne 2
1649 -.na
1650 -\fB\fBXCASE\fR\fR
1651 -.ad
1652 -.RS 11n
1411 +.It Dv XCASE
1653 1412 Canonical upper/lower presentation.
1654 -.RE
1655 -
1656 -.sp
1657 -.ne 2
1658 -.na
1659 -\fB\fBECHO\fR\fR
1660 -.ad
1661 -.RS 11n
1413 +.It Dv ECHO
1662 1414 Enable echo.
1663 -.RE
1664 -
1665 -.sp
1666 -.ne 2
1667 -.na
1668 -\fB\fBECHOE\fR\fR
1669 -.ad
1670 -.RS 11n
1671 -Echo erase character as \fBBS-SP-BS\fR &.
1672 -.RE
1673 -
1674 -.sp
1675 -.ne 2
1676 -.na
1677 -\fB\fBECHOK\fR\fR
1678 -.ad
1679 -.RS 11n
1680 -Echo \fBNL\fR after kill character.
1681 -.RE
1682 -
1683 -.sp
1684 -.ne 2
1685 -.na
1686 -\fB\fBECHONL\fR\fR
1687 -.ad
1688 -.RS 11n
1689 -Echo \fBNL\fR .
1690 -.RE
1691 -
1692 -.sp
1693 -.ne 2
1694 -.na
1695 -\fB\fBNOFLSH\fR\fR
1696 -.ad
1697 -.RS 11n
1415 +.It Dv ECHOE
1416 +Echo erase character as
1417 +.Sy BS Ns - Ns Sy SP Ns - Ns Sy BS
1418 +&.
1419 +.It Dv ECHOK
1420 +Echo
1421 +.Sy NL
1422 +after kill character.
1423 +.It Dv ECHONL
1424 +Echo
1425 +.Sy NL .
1426 +.It Dv NOFLSH
1698 1427 Disable flush after interrupt or quit.
1699 -.RE
1700 -
1701 -.sp
1702 -.ne 2
1703 -.na
1704 -\fB\fBTOSTOP\fR\fR
1705 -.ad
1706 -.RS 11n
1707 -Send \fBSIGTTOU\fR for background output.
1708 -.RE
1709 -
1710 -.sp
1711 -.ne 2
1712 -.na
1713 -\fB\fBECHOCTL\fR\fR
1714 -.ad
1715 -.RS 11n
1716 -Echo control characters as \fIchar,\fR delete as ^?.
1717 -.RE
1718 -
1719 -.sp
1720 -.ne 2
1721 -.na
1722 -\fB\fBECHOPRT\fR\fR
1723 -.ad
1724 -.RS 11n
1428 +.It Dv TOSTOP
1429 +Send
1430 +.It Dv SIGTTOU
1431 +for background output.
1432 +.It Dv ECHOCTL
1433 +Echo control characters as
1434 +.Em char ,
1435 +delete as ^?.
1436 +.It Dv ECHOPRT
1725 1437 Echo erase character as character erased.
1726 -.RE
1727 -
1728 -.sp
1729 -.ne 2
1730 -.na
1731 -\fB\fBECHOKE\fR\fR
1732 -.ad
1733 -.RS 11n
1734 -\fBBS-SP-BS\fR erase entire line on line kill.
1735 -.RE
1736 -
1737 -.sp
1738 -.ne 2
1739 -.na
1740 -\fB\fBFLUSHO\fR\fR
1741 -.ad
1742 -.RS 11n
1438 +.It Dv ECHOKE
1439 +.Sy BS Ns - Ns Sy SP Ns - Ns Sy BS
1440 +erase entire line on line kill.
1441 +.It Dv FLUSHO
1743 1442 Output is being flushed.
1744 -.RE
1745 -
1746 -.sp
1747 -.ne 2
1748 -.na
1749 -\fB\fBPENDIN\fR\fR
1750 -.ad
1751 -.RS 11n
1752 -Retype pending input at next read or input character.
1753 -.RE
1754 -
1755 -.sp
1756 -.ne 2
1757 -.na
1758 -\fB\fBIEXTEN\fR\fR
1759 -.ad
1760 -.RS 11n
1443 +.It Dv PENDIN
1444 +Retype pending input at next read or input character.
1445 +.It Dv IEXTEN
1761 1446 Enable extended (implementation-defined) functions.
1762 -.RE
1763 -
1764 -.sp
1765 -.LP
1766 -If \fBISIG\fR is set, each input character is checked against the special
1767 -control characters INTR, QUIT, SWTCH, SUSP, STATUS, and \fBDSUSP\fR. If an
1768 -input character matches one of these control characters, the function
1769 -associated with that character is performed. (Note: If SWTCH is set and the
1770 -character matches, the character is simply discarded. No other action is
1771 -taken.) If \fBISIG\fR is not set, no checking is done. Thus, these special
1772 -input functions are possible only if \fBISIG\fR is set.
1773 -.sp
1774 -.LP
1775 -If \fBICANON\fR is set, canonical processing is enabled. This enables the erase
1447 +.El
1448 +.Pp
1449 +If
1450 +.Dv ISIG
1451 +is set, each input character is checked against the special
1452 +control characters
1453 +.Sy INTR ,
1454 +.Sy QUIT ,
1455 +.Sy SWTCH ,
1456 +.Sy SUSP ,
1457 +.Sy STATUS ,
1458 +and
1459 +.Sy DSUSP .
1460 +If an input character matches one of these control characters, the function
1461 +associated with that character is performed.
1462 +.Po
1463 +Note: If
1464 +.Sy SWTCH
1465 +is set and the character matches, the character is simply discarded.
1466 +No other action is taken.
1467 +.Pc
1468 +If
1469 +.Dv ISIG
1470 +is not set, no checking is done.
1471 +Thus, these special
1472 +input functions are possible only if
1473 +.Dv ISIG
1474 +is set.
1475 +.Pp
1476 +If
1477 +.Dv ICANON
1478 +is set, canonical processing is enabled.
1479 +This enables the erase
1776 1480 and kill edit functions, and the assembly of input characters into lines
1777 -delimited by \fBNL-c\fR, \fBEOF\fR, \fBEOL\fR, and \fBEOL\fR . If \fBICANON\fR
1778 -is not set, read requests are satisfied directly from the input queue. A read
1779 -is not satisfied until at least \fBMIN\fR characters have been received or the
1780 -timeout value \fBTIME\fR has expired between characters. This allows fast
1781 -bursts of input to be read efficiently while still allowing single character
1782 -input. The time value represents tenths of seconds.
1783 -.sp
1784 -.LP
1785 -If \fBXCASE\fR is set and \fBICANON\fR is set, an upper case letter is
1786 -accepted on input if preceded by a backslash \fB(\e)\fR character, and is
1787 -output preceded by a backslash \fB(\e)\fR character. In this mode, the
1481 +delimited by
1482 +.Sy NL-c ,
1483 +.Sy EOF ,
1484 +.Sy EOL ,
1485 +and
1486 +.Sy EOL .
1487 +If
1488 +.Dv ICANON
1489 +is not set, read requests are satisfied directly from the input queue.
1490 +A read is not satisfied until at least
1491 +.Sy MIN
1492 +characters have been received or the timeout value
1493 +.Sy TIME
1494 +has expired between characters.
1495 +This allows fast bursts of input to be read efficiently while still allowing
1496 +single character input.
1497 +The time value represents tenths of seconds.
1498 +.Pp
1499 +If
1500 +.Dv XCASE
1501 +is set and
1502 +.Dv ICANON
1503 +is set, an upper case letter is
1504 +accepted on input if preceded by a backslash
1505 +.Ql \e
1506 +character, and is output preceded by a backslash
1507 +.Ql \e
1508 +character.
1509 +In this mode, the
1788 1510 following escape sequences are generated on output and accepted on input:
1789 -.sp
1790 -
1791 -.sp
1792 -.TS
1793 -box;
1794 -c | c
1795 -l | l .
1796 -FOR: USE:
1797 -_
1798 -` \e'
1799 -_
1800 -| \e!
1801 -_
1802 -\(ap \e^
1803 -_
1804 -{ \e(
1805 -_
1806 -} \e)
1807 -_
1808 -\e \e\e
1809 -.TE
1810 -
1811 -.sp
1812 -.LP
1511 +.Bl -column "FOR:" "USE:" -offset 2n
1512 +.It FOR: Ta USE:
1513 +.It ` Ta \e'
1514 +.It | Ta \e!
1515 +.It \(ap Ta \e^
1516 +.It { Ta \e(
1517 +.It } Ta \e)
1518 +.It \e Ta \e\e
1519 +.El
1520 +.Pp
1813 1521 For example, input A as \ea, \en as \e\en, and \eN as \e\e\en.
1814 -.sp
1815 -.LP
1816 -If \fBECHO\fR is set, characters are echoed as received.
1817 -.sp
1818 -.LP
1819 -When \fBICANON\fR is set, the following echo functions are possible.
1820 -.RS +4
1821 -.TP
1822 -.ie t \(bu
1823 -.el o
1824 -If \fBECHO\fR and \fBECHOE\fR are set, and \fBECHOPRT\fR is not set, the
1825 -\fBERASE\fR, \fBERASE2\fR, and \fBWERASE\fR characters are echoed as one or
1826 -more ASCII BS SP BS, which clears the last character(s) from a \fBCRT\fR screen.
1827 -.RE
1828 -.RS +4
1829 -.TP
1830 -.ie t \(bu
1831 -.el o
1832 -If \fBECHO\fR, \fBECHOPRT\fR, and \fBIEXTEN\fR are set, the first \fBERASE\fR,
1833 -\fBERASE2\fR, and \fBWERASE\fR character in a sequence echoes as a backslash
1834 -(\fB\e\fR), followed by the characters being erased. Subsequent \fBERASE\fR and
1835 -\fBWERASE\fR characters echo the characters being erased, in reverse order. The
1836 -next non-erase character causes a `/' (slash) to be typed before it is echoed.
1837 -\fBECHOPRT\fR should be used for hard copy terminals.
1838 -.RE
1839 -.RS +4
1840 -.TP
1841 -.ie t \(bu
1842 -.el o
1843 -If \fBECHOKE\fR and \fBIEXTEN\fR are set, the kill character is echoed by
1844 -erasing each character on the line from the screen (using the mechanism
1845 -selected by \fBECHOE\fR and \fBECHOPR\fRa).
1846 -.RE
1847 -.RS +4
1848 -.TP
1849 -.ie t \(bu
1850 -.el o
1851 -If \fBECHOK\fR is set, and \fBECHOKE\fR is not set, the \fBNL\fR character is
1852 -echoed after the kill character to emphasize that the line is deleted. Note
1853 -that a `\' (escape) character or an \fBLNEXT\fR character preceding the erase
1522 +.Pp
1523 +If
1524 +.Dv ECHO
1525 +is set, characters are echoed as received.
1526 +.Pp
1527 +When
1528 +.Dv ICANON
1529 +is set, the following echo functions are possible.
1530 +.Bl -bullet -offset indent
1531 +.It
1532 +If
1533 +.Dv ECHO
1534 +and
1535 +.Dv ECHOE
1536 +are set, and
1537 +.Dv ECHOPRT
1538 +is not set, the
1539 +.Sy ERASE ,
1540 +.Sy ERASE2 ,
1541 +and
1542 +.Sy WERASE
1543 +characters are echoed as one or
1544 +more ASCII BS SP BS, which clears the last character(s) from a
1545 +.Sy CRT
1546 +screen.
1547 +.It
1548 +If
1549 +.Dv ECHO ,
1550 +.Dv ECHOPRT ,
1551 +and
1552 +.Dv IEXTEN
1553 +are set, the first
1554 +.Sy ERASE ,
1555 +.Sy ERASE2 ,
1556 +and
1557 +.Sy WERASE
1558 +character in a sequence echoes as a backslash
1559 +.Ql \e ,
1560 +followed by the characters being erased.
1561 +Subsequent
1562 +.Sy ERASE
1563 +and
1564 +.Sy WERASE
1565 +characters echo the characters being erased, in reverse order.
1566 +The
1567 +next non-erase character causes a
1568 +.Ql /
1569 +(slash) to be typed before it is echoed.
1570 +.Dv ECHOPRT
1571 +should be used for hard copy terminals.
1572 +.It
1573 +If
1574 +.Dv ECHOKE
1575 +and
1576 +.Dv IEXTEN
1577 +are set, the kill character is echoed by
1578 +erasing each character on the line from the screen (using the mechanism
1579 +selected by
1580 +.Dv ECHOE
1581 +and
1582 +.Dv ECHOPR ) .
1583 +.It
1584 +If
1585 +.Dv ECHOK
1586 +is set, and
1587 +.Dv ECHOKE
1588 +is not set, the
1589 +.Sy NL
1590 +character is
1591 +echoed after the kill character to emphasize that the line is deleted.
1592 +Note
1593 +that a
1594 +.Ql \e
1595 +(escape) character or an
1596 +.Sy LNEXT
1597 +character preceding the erase
1854 1598 or kill character removes any special function.
1855 -.RE
1856 -.RS +4
1857 -.TP
1858 -.ie t \(bu
1859 -.el o
1860 -If \fBECHONL\fR is set, the \fBNL\fR character is echoed even if \fBECHO\fR
1861 -is not set. This is useful for terminals set to local echo (so called
1599 +.It
1600 +If
1601 +.Dv ECHONL
1602 +is set, the
1603 +.Sy NL
1604 +character is echoed even if
1605 +.Dv ECHO
1606 +is not set.
1607 +This is useful for terminals set to local echo (so called
1862 1608 half-duplex).
1863 -.RE
1864 -.sp
1865 -.LP
1866 -If \fBECHOCTL\fR and \fBIEXTEN\fR are set, all control characters (characters
1867 -with codes between 0 and 37 octal) other than \fBASCII TAB\fR, \fBASCII NL\fR,
1868 -the \fBSTART\fR character, and the \fBSTOP\fR character, \fBASCII CR\fR, and
1869 -\fBASCII BS\fR are echoed as ^ \fBX,\fR where \fBX\fR is the character given by
1870 -adding 100 octal to the code of the control character (so that the character
1871 -with octal code 1 is echoed as ^ \fBA),\fR and the \fBASCII DEL\fR character,
1872 -with code 177 octal, is echoed as ^ \fB?\fR.
1873 -.sp
1874 -.LP
1875 -If \fBNOFLSH\fR is set, the normal flush of the input and output queues
1876 -associated with the \fBINTR\fR, \fBQUIT\fR, \fBSTATUS\fR, and \fBSUSP\fR
1877 -characters is not done. This bit should be set when restarting system calls
1878 -that read from or write to a terminal (see \fBsigaction\fR(2)\|).
1879 -.sp
1880 -.LP
1881 -If \fBTOSTOP\fR and \fBIEXTEN\fR are set, the signal \fBSIGTTOU\fR is sent to
1609 +.El
1610 +.Pp
1611 +If
1612 +.Dv ECHOCTL
1613 +and
1614 +.Dv IEXTEN
1615 +are set, all control characters (characters
1616 +with codes between 0 and 37 octal) other than
1617 +.Sy ASCII TAB ,
1618 +.Sy ASCII NL ,
1619 +the
1620 +.Sy START
1621 +character, and the
1622 +.Sy STOP
1623 +character,
1624 +.Sy ASCII CR ,
1625 +and
1626 +.Sy ASCII BS
1627 +are echoed as
1628 +.No ^ Ns Em X ,
1629 +where
1630 +.Em X
1631 +is the character given by adding
1632 +.Ql 100
1633 +octal to the code of the control character (so
1634 +that the character with octal code
1635 +.Ql 1
1636 +is echoed as
1637 +.No ^ Ns Sy A ) ,
1638 +and the
1639 +.Sy ASCII DEL
1640 +character,
1641 +with code
1642 +.Ql 177
1643 +octal, is echoed as
1644 +.No ^ Ns Sy \&? .
1645 +.Pp
1646 +If
1647 +.Dv NOFLSH
1648 +is set, the normal flush of the input and output queues
1649 +associated with the
1650 +.Sy INTR ,
1651 +.Sy QUIT ,
1652 +.Sy STATUS ,
1653 +and
1654 +.Sy SUSP
1655 +characters is not done.
1656 +This bit should be set when restarting system calls
1657 +that read from or write to a terminal
1658 +.Po
1659 +see
1660 +.Xr sigaction 2
1661 +.Pc .
1662 +.Pp
1663 +If
1664 +.Dv TOSTOP
1665 +and
1666 +.Dv IEXTEN
1667 +are set, the signal
1668 +.Dv SIGTTOU
1669 +is sent to
1882 1670 a process that tries to write to its controlling terminal if it is not in the
1883 -foreground process group for that terminal. This signal normally stops the
1884 -process. Otherwise, the output generated by that process is output to the
1885 -current output stream. Processes that are blocking or ignoring \fBSIGTTOU\fR
1671 +foreground process group for that terminal.
1672 +This signal normally stops the process.
1673 +Otherwise, the output generated by that process is output to the
1674 +current output stream.
1675 +Processes that are blocking or ignoring
1676 +.Dv SIGTTOU
1886 1677 signals are excepted and allowed to produce output, if any.
1887 -.sp
1888 -.LP
1889 -If \fBFLUSHO\fR and \fBIEXTEN\fR are set, data written to the terminal is
1890 -discarded. This bit is set when the \fBFLUSH\fR character is typed. A program
1891 -can cancel the effect of typing the \fBFLUSH\fR character by clearing
1892 -\fBFLUSHO\fR.
1893 -.sp
1894 -.LP
1895 -If \fBPENDIN\fR and \fBIEXTEN\fR are set, any input that has not yet been read
1896 -is reprinted when the next character arrives as input. \fBPENDIN\fR is then
1678 +.Pp
1679 +If
1680 +.Dv FLUSHO
1681 +and
1682 +.Dv IEXTEN
1683 +are set, data written to the terminal is
1684 +discarded.
1685 +This bit is set when the
1686 +.Sy FLUSH
1687 +character is typed.
1688 +A program can cancel the effect of typing the
1689 +.Sy FLUSH
1690 +character by clearing
1691 +.Dv FLUSHO .
1692 +.Pp
1693 +If
1694 +.Dv PENDIN
1695 +and
1696 +.Dv IEXTEN
1697 +are set, any input that has not yet been read
1698 +is reprinted when the next character arrives as input.
1699 +.Dv PENDIN
1700 +is then
1897 1701 automatically cleared.
1898 -.sp
1899 -.LP
1900 -If \fBIEXTEN\fR is set, the following implementation-defined functions are
1901 -enabled: special characters ( \fBWERASE\fR, \fBREPRINT\fR, \fBDISCARD\fR, and
1902 -\fBLNEXT\fR) and local flags ( \fBTOSTOP\fR, \fBECHOCTL\fR, \fBECHOPRT\fR,
1903 -\fBECHOKE\fR, \fBFLUSHO\fR, and \fBPENDIN\fR).
1904 -.SS "Minimum and Timeout"
1905 -.LP
1906 -The \fBMIN\fR and \fBTIME\fR values were described previously, in the
1907 -subsection, \fBNon-canonical Mode Input Processing\fR. The initial value of
1908 -\fBMIN\fR is 1, and the initial value of \fBTIME\fR is 0.
1909 -.SS "Terminal Size"
1910 -.LP
1702 +.Pp
1703 +If
1704 +.Dv IEXTEN
1705 +is set, the following implementation-defined functions are
1706 +enabled: special characters (
1707 +.Sy WERASE ,
1708 +.Sy REPRINT ,
1709 +.Sy DISCARD ,
1710 +and
1711 +.Sy LNEXT )
1712 +and local flags (
1713 +.Dv TOSTOP ,
1714 +.Dv ECHOCTL ,
1715 +.Dv ECHOPRT ,
1716 +.Dv ECHOKE ,
1717 +.Dv FLUSHO ,
1718 +and
1719 +.Dv PENDIN ) .
1720 +.Ss "Minimum and Timeout"
1721 +The
1722 +.Sy MIN
1723 +and
1724 +.Sy TIME
1725 +values were described previously, in the
1726 +subsection,
1727 +.Sy Non-canonical Mode Input Processing .
1728 +The initial value of
1729 +.Sy MIN
1730 +is 1, and the initial value of
1731 +.Sy TIME
1732 +is 0.
1733 +.Ss "Terminal Size"
1911 1734 The number of lines and columns on the terminal's display is specified in the
1912 -\fBwinsize\fR structure defined by \fBsys/termios.h\fR and includes the
1913 -following members:
1914 -.sp
1915 -.in +2
1916 -.nf
1735 +.Vt winsize
1736 +structure defined by
1737 +.In sys/termios.h
1738 +and includes the following members:
1739 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
1917 1740 unsigned short ws_row; /* rows, in characters */
1918 -unsigned short ws_col; /* columns, in characters */
1919 -unsigned short ws_xpixel; /* horizontal size, in pixels */
1920 -unsigned short ws_ypixel; /* vertical size, in pixels */
1921 -.fi
1922 -.in -2
1923 -
1924 -.SS "Termio Structure"
1925 -.LP
1926 -The SunOS/SVR4 \fBtermio\fR structure is used by some \fBioctl\fRs; it is
1927 -defined by \fBsys/termio.h\fR and includes the following members:
1928 -.sp
1929 -.in +2
1930 -.nf
1931 -unsigned short c_iflag; /* input modes */
1932 -unsigned short c_oflag; /* output modes */
1933 -unsigned short c_cflag; /* control modes */
1934 -unsigned short c_lflag; /* local modes */
1935 -char c_line; /* line discipline */
1936 -unsigned char c_cc[NCC]; /* control chars */
1937 -.fi
1938 -.in -2
1939 -
1940 -.sp
1941 -.LP
1942 -The special control characters are defined by the array \fBc_cc\fR. The
1943 -symbolic name \fBNCC\fR is the size of the Control-character array and is also
1944 -defined by \fBtermio.h\fR. The relative positions, subscript names, and typical
1945 -default values for each function are as follows:
1946 -.sp
1947 -
1948 -.sp
1949 -.TS
1950 -box;
1951 -c | c | c
1952 -l | l | l .
1953 -Relative Positions Subscript Names Typical Default Values
1954 -_
1955 -0 VINTR EXT
1956 -_
1957 -1 VQUIT FS
1958 -_
1959 -2 VERASE DEL
1960 -_
1961 -3 VKILL NAK
1962 -_
1963 -4 VEOF EOT
1964 -_
1965 -5 VEOL NUL
1966 -_
1967 -6 VEOL2 NUL
1968 -_
1969 -7 Reserved
1970 -.TE
1971 -
1972 -.sp
1973 -.LP
1974 -The \fBMIN\fR values is stored in the \fBVMIN\fR element of the \fBc_cc\fR
1975 -array; the \fBTIME\fR value is stored in the \fBVTIME\fR element of the
1976 -\fBc_cc\fR array. The \fBVMIN\fR element is the same element as the
1977 -\fBVEOF\fR element; the \fBVTIME\fR element is the same element as the
1978 -\fBVEOL\fR element.
1979 -.sp
1980 -.LP
1981 -The calls that use the \fBtermio\fR structure only affect the flags and control
1982 -characters that can be stored in the \fBtermio\fR structure; all other flags
1983 -and control characters are unaffected.
1984 -.SS "Modem Lines"
1985 -.LP
1741 +unsigned short ws_col; /* columns, in characters */
1742 +unsigned short ws_xpixel; /* horizontal size, in pixels */
1743 +unsigned short ws_ypixel; /* vertical size, in pixels */
1744 +.Ed
1745 +.Ss "Termio Structure"
1746 +The SunOS/SVR4
1747 +.Vt termio
1748 +structure is used by some
1749 +.Fn ioctl Ns s ;
1750 +it is defined by
1751 +.In sys/termio.h
1752 +and includes the following members:
1753 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
1754 +unsigned short c_iflag; /* input modes */
1755 +unsigned short c_oflag; /* output modes */
1756 +unsigned short c_cflag; /* control modes */
1757 +unsigned short c_lflag; /* local modes */
1758 +char c_line; /* line discipline */
1759 +unsigned char c_cc[NCC]; /* control chars */
1760 +.Ed
1761 +.Pp
1762 +The special control characters are defined by the array
1763 +.Fa c_cc .
1764 +The symbolic name
1765 +.Dv NCC
1766 +is the size of the Control-character array and is also
1767 +defined by
1768 +.In termio.h .
1769 +The relative positions, subscript names, and typical
1770 +default values for each function are as follows:
1771 +.Bl -column "Relative Positions" "Subscript Names" "Typical Default Values"
1772 +.It Relative Positions Ta Subscript Names Ta Typical Default Values
1773 +.It 0 Ta VINTR Ta EXT
1774 +.It 1 Ta VQUIT Ta FS
1775 +.It 2 Ta VERASE Ta DEL
1776 +.It 3 Ta VKILL Ta NAK
1777 +.It 4 Ta VEOF Ta EOT
1778 +.It 5 Ta VEOL Ta NUL
1779 +.It 6 Ta VEOL2 Ta NUL
1780 +.It 7 Ta Reserved Ta
1781 +.El
1782 +.Pp
1783 +The
1784 +.Sy MIN
1785 +values is stored in the
1786 +.Dv VMIN
1787 +element of the
1788 +.Fa c_cc
1789 +array; the
1790 +.Sy TIME
1791 +value is stored in the
1792 +.Dv VTIME
1793 +element of the
1794 +.Fa c_cc
1795 +array.
1796 +The
1797 +.Dv VMIN
1798 +element is the same element as the
1799 +.Dv VEOF
1800 +element; the
1801 +.Dv VTIME
1802 +element is the same element as the
1803 +.Dv VEOL
1804 +element.
1805 +.Pp
1806 +The calls that use the
1807 +.Va termio
1808 +structure only affect the flags and control
1809 +characters that can be stored in the
1810 +.Vt termio
1811 +structure; all other flags and control characters are unaffected.
1812 +.Ss "Modem Lines"
1986 1813 On special files representing serial ports, modem control lines can be read.
1987 -Control lines (if the underlying hardware supports it) may also be changed.
1988 -Status lines are read-only. The following modem control and status lines may be
1989 -supported by a device; they are defined by \fBsys/termios.h\fR:
1990 -.sp
1991 -.ne 2
1992 -.na
1993 -\fB\fBTIOCM_LE\fR\fR
1994 -.ad
1995 -.RS 13n
1996 - line enable
1997 -.RE
1998 -
1999 -.sp
2000 -.ne 2
2001 -.na
2002 -\fB\fBTIOCM_DTR\fR\fR
2003 -.ad
2004 -.RS 13n
1814 +Control lines (if the underlying hardware supports it) may also be changed.
1815 +Status lines are read-only.
1816 +The following modem control and status lines may be
1817 +supported by a device; they are defined by
1818 +.In sys/termios.h :
1819 +.Pp
1820 +.Bl -tag -width "TIOCM_DTR" -compact -offset 2n
1821 +.It Dv TIOCM_LE
1822 +line enable
1823 +.It Dv TIOCM_DTR
2005 1824 data terminal ready
2006 -.RE
2007 -
2008 -.sp
2009 -.ne 2
2010 -.na
2011 -\fB\fBTIOCM_RTS\fR\fR
2012 -.ad
2013 -.RS 13n
1825 +.It Dv TIOCM_RTS
2014 1826 request to send
2015 -.RE
2016 -
2017 -.sp
2018 -.ne 2
2019 -.na
2020 -\fB\fBTIOCM_ST\fR\fR
2021 -.ad
2022 -.RS 13n
1827 +.It Dv TIOCM_ST
2023 1828 secondary transmit
2024 -.RE
2025 -
2026 -.sp
2027 -.ne 2
2028 -.na
2029 -\fB\fBTIOCM_SR\fR\fR
2030 -.ad
2031 -.RS 13n
1829 +.It Dv TIOCM_SR
2032 1830 secondary receive
2033 -.RE
2034 -
2035 -.sp
2036 -.ne 2
2037 -.na
2038 -\fB\fBTIOCM_CTS\fR\fR
2039 -.ad
2040 -.RS 13n
1831 +.It Dv TIOCM_CTS
2041 1832 clear to send
2042 -.RE
2043 -
2044 -.sp
2045 -.ne 2
2046 -.na
2047 -\fB\fBTIOCM_CAR\fR\fR
2048 -.ad
2049 -.RS 13n
1833 +.It Dv TIOCM_CAR
2050 1834 carrier detect
2051 -.RE
2052 -
2053 -.sp
2054 -.ne 2
2055 -.na
2056 -\fB\fBTIOCM_RNG\fR\fR
2057 -.ad
2058 -.RS 13n
1835 +.It Dv TIOCM_RNG
2059 1836 ring
2060 -.RE
2061 -
2062 -.sp
2063 -.ne 2
2064 -.na
2065 -\fB\fBTIOCM_DSR\fR\fR
2066 -.ad
2067 -.RS 13n
1837 +.It Dv TIOCM_DSR
2068 1838 data set ready
2069 -.RE
2070 -
2071 -.sp
2072 -.LP
2073 -\fBTIOCM_CD\fR is a synonym for \fBTIOCM_CAR\fR, and \fBTIOCM_RI\fR is a
2074 -synonym for \fBTIOCM_RNG\fR. Not all of these are necessarily supported by any
1839 +.El
1840 +.Pp
1841 +.Dv TIOCM_CD
1842 +is a synonym for
1843 +.Dv TIOCM_CAR ,
1844 +and
1845 +.Dv TIOCM_RI
1846 +is a synonym for
1847 +.Dv TIOCM_RNG .
1848 +Not all of these are necessarily supported by any
2075 1849 particular device; check the manual page for the device in question.
2076 -.sp
2077 -.LP
1850 +.Pp
2078 1851 The software carrier mode can be enabled or disabled using the
2079 -\fBTIOCSSOFTCAR\fR \fBioctl\fR. If the software carrier flag for a line is off,
2080 -the line pays attention to the hardware carrier detect (DCD) signal. The
2081 -\fBtty\fR device associated with the line cannot be opened until \fBDCD\fR is
2082 -asserted. If the software carrier flag is on, the line behaves as if \fBDCD\fR
1852 +.Dv TIOCSSOFTCAR
1853 +.Fn ioctl .
1854 +If the software carrier flag for a line is off,
1855 +the line pays attention to the hardware carrier detect (DCD) signal.
1856 +The
1857 +.Sy tty
1858 +device associated with the line cannot be opened until
1859 +.Sy DCD
1860 +is asserted.
1861 +If the software carrier flag is on, the line behaves as if
1862 +.Sy DCD
2083 1863 is always asserted.
2084 -.sp
2085 -.LP
1864 +.Pp
2086 1865 The software carrier flag is usually turned on for locally connected terminals
2087 1866 or other devices, and is off for lines with modems.
2088 -.sp
2089 -.LP
2090 -To be able to issue the \fBTIOCGSOFTCAR\fR and \fBTIOCSSOFTCAR\fR \fBioctl\fR
2091 -calls, the \fBtty\fR line should be opened with \fBO_NDELAY\fR so that the
2092 -\fBopen\fR(2) will not wait for the carrier.
2093 -.SS "Default Values"
2094 -.LP
2095 -The initial \fBtermios\fR values upon driver open is configurable. This is
2096 -accomplished by setting the "ttymodes" property in the file
2097 -\fB/kernel/drv/options.conf\fR. Since this property is assigned during system
2098 -initialization, any change to the "ttymodes" property will not take effect
2099 -until the next reboot. The string value assigned to this property should be in
2100 -the same format as the output of the \fBstty\fR(1) command with the -g option.
2101 -.sp
2102 -.LP
2103 -If this property is undefined, the following \fBtermios\fR modes are in
2104 -effect. The initial input control value is \fBBRKINT\fR, \fBICRNL\fR,
2105 -\fBIXON\fR, \fBIMAXBEL\fR. The initial output control value is \fBOPOST\fR,
2106 -\fBONLCR\fR, \fBTAB3\fR. The initial hardware control value is \fBB9600\fR,
2107 -\fBCS8\fR, \fBCREAD\fR. The initial line-discipline control value is
2108 -\fBISIG\fR, \fBICANON\fR, \fBIEXTEN\fR, \fBECHO\fR, \fBECHOK\fR, \fBECHOE\fR,
2109 -\fBECHOKE\fR, \fBECHOCTL\fR.
2110 -.SH IOCTLS
2111 -.LP
2112 -The \fBioctl\fRs supported by devices and \fBSTREAMS\fR modules providing the
2113 -\fBtermios\fR(3C) interface are listed below. Some calls may not be supported
2114 -by all devices or modules. The functionality provided by these calls is also
1867 +.Pp
1868 +To be able to issue the
1869 +.Dv TIOCGSOFTCAR
1870 +and
1871 +.Dv TIOCSSOFTCAR
1872 +.Fn ioctl
1873 +calls, the
1874 +.Sy tty
1875 +line should be opened with
1876 +.Dv O_NDELAY
1877 +so that the
1878 +.Xr open 2
1879 +will not wait for the carrier.
1880 +.Ss "Default Values"
1881 +The initial
1882 +.Vt termios
1883 +values upon driver open is configurable.
1884 +This is accomplished by setting the "ttymodes" property in the file
1885 +.Pa /kernel/drv/options.conf .
1886 +Since this property is assigned during system
1887 +initialization, any change to the "ttymodes" property will not take effect
1888 +until the next reboot.
1889 +The string value assigned to this property should be in
1890 +the same format as the output of the
1891 +.Xr stty 1
1892 +command with the -g option.
1893 +.Pp
1894 +If this property is undefined, the following
1895 +.Vt termios
1896 +modes are in effect.
1897 +The initial input control value is
1898 +.Dv BRKINT ,
1899 +.Dv ICRNL ,
1900 +.Dv IXON ,
1901 +.Dv IMAXBEL .
1902 +The initial output control value is
1903 +.Dv OPOST ,
1904 +.Dv ONLCR ,
1905 +.Dv TAB3 .
1906 +The initial hardware control value is
1907 +.Dv B9600 ,
1908 +.Dv CS8 ,
1909 +.Dv CREAD .
1910 +The initial line-discipline control value is
1911 +.Dv ISIG ,
1912 +.Dv ICANON ,
1913 +.Dv IEXTEN ,
1914 +.Dv ECHO ,
1915 +.Dv ECHOK ,
1916 +.Dv ECHOE ,
1917 +.Dv ECHOKE ,
1918 +.Dv ECHOCTL .
1919 +.Sh IOCTLS
1920 +The
1921 +.Fn ioctl Ns s
1922 +supported by devices and
1923 +.Sy STREAMS
1924 +modules providing the
1925 +.Xr termios 3C
1926 +interface are listed below.
1927 +Some calls may not be supported by all devices or modules.
1928 +The functionality provided by these calls is also
2115 1929 available through the preferred function call interface specified on
2116 -\fBtermios\fR.
2117 -.sp
2118 -.ne 2
2119 -.na
2120 -\fB\fBTCGETS\fR\fR
2121 -.ad
2122 -.RS 16n
2123 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermios\fR structure. The current terminal
2124 -parameters are fetched and stored into that structure.
2125 -.RE
2126 -
2127 -.sp
2128 -.ne 2
2129 -.na
2130 -\fB\fBTCSETS\fR\fR
2131 -.ad
2132 -.RS 16n
2133 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermios\fR structure. The current terminal
2134 -parameters are set from the values stored in that structure. The change is
2135 -immediate.
2136 -.RE
2137 -
2138 -.sp
2139 -.ne 2
2140 -.na
2141 -\fB\fBTCSETSW\fR\fR
2142 -.ad
2143 -.RS 16n
2144 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermios\fR structure. The current terminal
2145 -parameters are set from the values stored in that structure. The change occurs
2146 -after all characters queued for output have been transmitted. This form should
2147 -be used when changing parameters that affect output.
2148 -.RE
2149 -
2150 -.sp
2151 -.ne 2
2152 -.na
2153 -\fB\fBTCSETSF\fR\fR
2154 -.ad
2155 -.RS 16n
2156 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermios\fR structure. The current terminal
2157 -parameters are set from the values stored in that structure. The change occurs
2158 -after all characters queued for output have been transmitted; all characters
2159 -queued for input are discarded and then the change occurs.
2160 -.RE
2161 -
2162 -.sp
2163 -.ne 2
2164 -.na
2165 -\fB\fBTCGETA\fR\fR
2166 -.ad
2167 -.RS 16n
2168 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermio\fR structure. The current terminal
2169 -parameters are fetched, and those parameters that can be stored in a
2170 -\fBtermio\fR structure are stored into that structure.
2171 -.RE
2172 -
2173 -.sp
2174 -.ne 2
2175 -.na
2176 -\fB\fBTCSETA\fR\fR
2177 -.ad
2178 -.RS 16n
2179 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermio\fR structure. Those terminal
2180 -parameters that can be stored in a \fBtermio\fR structure are set from the
2181 -values stored in that structure. The change is immediate.
2182 -.RE
2183 -
2184 -.sp
2185 -.ne 2
2186 -.na
2187 -\fB\fBTCSETAW\fR\fR
2188 -.ad
2189 -.RS 16n
2190 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermio\fR structure. Those terminal
2191 -parameters that can be stored in a \fBtermio\fR structure are set from the
2192 -values stored in that structure. The change occurs after all characters queued
2193 -for output have been transmitted. This form should be used when changing
2194 -parameters that affect output.
2195 -.RE
2196 -
2197 -.sp
2198 -.ne 2
2199 -.na
2200 -\fB\fBTCSETAF\fR\fR
2201 -.ad
2202 -.RS 16n
2203 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBtermio\fR structure. Those terminal
2204 -parameters that can be stored in a \fBtermio\fR structure are set from the
2205 -values stored in that structure. The change occurs after all characters queued
1930 +.Nm termios .
1931 +.Bl -tag -width TIOCSSOFTCAR
1932 +.It Dv TCGETS
1933 +The argument is a pointer to a
1934 +.Vt termios
1935 +structure.
1936 +The current terminal parameters are fetched and stored into that structure.
1937 +.It Dv TCSETS
1938 +The argument is a pointer to a
1939 +.Vt termios
1940 +structure.
1941 +The current terminal parameters are set from the values stored in that structure.
1942 +The change is immediate.
1943 +.It Dv TCSETSW
1944 +The argument is a pointer to a
1945 +.Vt termios
1946 +structure.
1947 +The current terminal parameters are set from the values stored in that structure.
1948 +The change occurs after all characters queued for output have been transmitted.
1949 +This form should be used when changing parameters that affect output.
1950 +.It Dv TCSETSF
1951 +The argument is a pointer to a
1952 +.Vt termios
1953 +structure.
1954 +The current terminal parameters are set from the values stored in that structure.
1955 +The change occurs after all characters queued for output have been transmitted;
1956 +all characters queued for input are discarded and then the change occurs.
1957 +.It Dv TCGETA
1958 +The argument is a pointer to a
1959 +.Vt termio
1960 +structure.
1961 +The current terminal parameters are fetched, and those parameters that can be
1962 +stored in a
1963 +.Vt termio
1964 +structure are stored into that structure.
1965 +.It Dv TCSETA
1966 +The argument is a pointer to a
1967 +.Vt termio
1968 +structure.
1969 +Those terminal parameters that can be stored in a
1970 +.Vt termio
1971 +structure are set from the values stored in that structure.
1972 +The change is immediate.
1973 +.It Dv TCSETAW
1974 +The argument is a pointer to a
1975 +.Vt termio
1976 +structure.
1977 +Those terminal parameters that can be stored in a
1978 +.Vt termio
1979 +structure are set from
1980 +the values stored in that structure.
1981 +The change occurs after all characters queued for output have been transmitted.
1982 +This form should be used when changing parameters that affect output.
1983 +.It Dv TCSETAF
1984 +The argument is a pointer to a
1985 +.Vt termio
1986 +structure.
1987 +Those terminal parameters that can be stored in a
1988 +.Vt termio
1989 +structure are set from the values stored in that structure.
1990 +The change occurs after all characters queued
2206 1991 for output have been transmitted; all characters queued for input are discarded
2207 1992 and then the change occurs.
2208 -.RE
2209 -
2210 -.sp
2211 -.ne 2
2212 -.na
2213 -\fB\fBTCSBRK\fR\fR
2214 -.ad
2215 -.RS 16n
2216 -The argument is an \fBint\fR value. Wait for the output to drain. If the
2217 -argument is \fB0\fR, then send a break (zero valued bits for 0.25 seconds).
2218 -.RE
2219 -
2220 -.sp
2221 -.ne 2
2222 -.na
2223 -\fB\fBTCXONC\fR\fR
2224 -.ad
2225 -.RS 16n
2226 -Start/stop control. The argument is an \fBint\fR value. If the argument is
2227 -\fB0\fR, suspend output; if \fB1\fR, restart suspended output; if \fB2\fR,
2228 -suspend input; if \fB3\fR, restart suspended input.
2229 -.RE
2230 -
2231 -.sp
2232 -.ne 2
2233 -.na
2234 -\fB\fBTCFLSH\fR\fR
2235 -.ad
2236 -.RS 16n
2237 -The argument is an \fBint\fR value. If the argument is \fB0\fR, flush the input
2238 -queue; if \fB1\fR, flush the output queue; if \fB2\fR, flush both the input and
2239 -output queues.
2240 -.RE
2241 -
2242 -.sp
2243 -.ne 2
2244 -.na
2245 -\fB\fBTIOCGPGRP\fR\fR
2246 -.ad
2247 -.RS 16n
2248 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBpid_t\fR. Set the value of that \fBpid_t\fR
2249 -to the process group \fBID\fR of the foreground process group associated with
2250 -the terminal. See \fBtermios\fR(3C) for a description of \fBTCGETPGRP\fR.
2251 -.RE
2252 -
2253 -.sp
2254 -.ne 2
2255 -.na
2256 -\fB\fBTIOCSPGRP\fR\fR
2257 -.ad
2258 -.RS 16n
2259 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBpid_t\fR. Associate the process group whose
2260 -process group \fBID\fR is specified by the value of that \fBpid_t\fR with the
2261 -terminal. The new process group value must be in the range of valid process
2262 -group \fBID\fR values. Otherwise, the error \fBEPERM\fR is returned.
2263 -.RE
2264 -
2265 -.sp
2266 -.ne 2
2267 -.na
2268 -\fB\fBTIOCGSID\fR\fR
2269 -.ad
2270 -.RS 16n
2271 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBpid_t\fR. The session ID of the terminal is
2272 -fetched and stored in the \fBpid_t\fR.
2273 -.RE
2274 -
2275 -.sp
2276 -.ne 2
2277 -.na
2278 -\fB\fBTIOCGWINSZ\fR\fR
2279 -.ad
2280 -.RS 16n
2281 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBwinsize\fR structure. The terminal driver's
1993 +.It Dv TCSBRK
1994 +The argument is an
1995 +.Vt int
1996 +value.
1997 +Wait for the output to drain.
1998 +If the argument is
1999 +.Sy 0 ,
2000 +then send a break (zero valued bits for 0\&.25 seconds).
2001 +.It Dv TCXONC
2002 +Start/stop control.
2003 +The argument is an
2004 +.Vt int
2005 +value.
2006 +If the argument is
2007 +.Sy 0 ,
2008 +suspend output; if
2009 +.Sy 1 ,
2010 +restart suspended output; if
2011 +.Sy 2 ,
2012 +suspend input; if
2013 +.Sy 3 ,
2014 +restart suspended input.
2015 +.It Dv TCFLSH
2016 +The argument is an
2017 +.Vt int
2018 +value.
2019 +If the argument is
2020 +.Sy 0 ,
2021 +flush the input queue; if
2022 +.Sy 1 ,
2023 +flush the output queue; if
2024 +.Sy 2 ,
2025 +flush both the input and output queues.
2026 +.It Dv TIOCGPGRP
2027 +The argument is a pointer to a
2028 +.Vt pid_t .
2029 +Set the value of that
2030 +.Vt pid_t
2031 +to the process group
2032 +.Sy ID
2033 +of the foreground process group associated with the terminal.
2034 +See
2035 +.Xr termios 3C
2036 +for a description of
2037 +.Dv TCGETPGRP .
2038 +.It Dv TIOCSPGRP
2039 +The argument is a pointer to a
2040 +.Vt pid_t .
2041 +Associate the process group whose
2042 +process group
2043 +.Sy ID
2044 +is specified by the value of that
2045 +.Vt pid_t
2046 +with the terminal.
2047 +The new process group value must be in the range of valid process
2048 +group
2049 +.Sy ID
2050 +values.
2051 +Otherwise, the error
2052 +.Er EPERM
2053 +is returned.
2054 +.It Dv TIOCGSID
2055 +The argument is a pointer to a
2056 +.Vt pid_t .
2057 +The session ID of the terminal is fetched and stored in the
2058 +.Vt pid_t .
2059 +.It Dv TIOCGWINSZ
2060 +The argument is a pointer to a
2061 +.Vt winsize
2062 +structure.
2063 +The terminal driver's
2282 2064 notion of the terminal size is stored into that structure.
2283 -.RE
2284 -
2285 -.sp
2286 -.ne 2
2287 -.na
2288 -\fB\fBTIOCSWINSZ\fR\fR
2289 -.ad
2290 -.RS 16n
2291 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBwinsize\fR structure. The terminal driver's
2065 +.It Dv TIOCSWINSZ
2066 +The argument is a pointer to a
2067 +.Vt winsize
2068 +structure.
2069 +The terminal driver's
2292 2070 notion of the terminal size is set from the values specified in that structure.
2293 -If the new sizes are different from the old sizes, a \fBSIGWINCH\fR signal is
2294 -set to the process group of the terminal.
2295 -.RE
2296 -
2297 -.sp
2298 -.ne 2
2299 -.na
2300 -\fB\fBTIOCMBIS\fR\fR
2301 -.ad
2302 -.RS 16n
2303 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR whose value is a mask containing
2304 -modem control lines to be turned on. The control lines whose bits are set in
2071 +If the new sizes are different from the old sizes, a
2072 +.Dv SIGWINCH
2073 +signal is set to the process group of the terminal.
2074 +.It Dv TIOCMBIS
2075 +The argument is a pointer to an
2076 +.Vt int
2077 +whose value is a mask containing modem control lines to be turned on.
2078 +The control lines whose bits are set in
2305 2079 the argument are turned on; no other control lines are affected.
2306 -.RE
2307 -
2308 -.sp
2309 -.ne 2
2310 -.na
2311 -\fB\fBTIOCMBIC\fR\fR
2312 -.ad
2313 -.RS 16n
2314 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR whose value is a mask containing
2315 -modem control lines to be turned off. The control lines whose bits are set in
2080 +.It Dv TIOCMBIC
2081 +The argument is a pointer to an
2082 +.Vt int
2083 +whose value is a mask containing modem control lines to be turned off.
2084 +The control lines whose bits are set in
2316 2085 the argument are turned off; no other control lines are affected.
2317 -.RE
2318 -
2319 -.sp
2320 -.ne 2
2321 -.na
2322 -\fB\fBTIOCMGET\fR\fR
2323 -.ad
2324 -.RS 16n
2325 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR. The current state of the modem
2326 -status lines is fetched and stored in the \fBint\fR pointed to by the
2327 -argument.
2328 -.RE
2329 -
2330 -.sp
2331 -.ne 2
2332 -.na
2333 -\fB\fBTIOCMSET\fR\fR
2334 -.ad
2335 -.RS 16n
2336 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR containing a new set of modem
2337 -control lines. The modem control lines are turned on or off, depending on
2086 +.It Dv TIOCMGET
2087 +The argument is a pointer to an
2088 +.Vt int .
2089 +The current state of the modem
2090 +status lines is fetched and stored in the
2091 +.Vt int
2092 +pointed to by the argument.
2093 +.It Dv TIOCMSET
2094 +The argument is a pointer to an
2095 +.Vt int
2096 +containing a new set of modem control lines.
2097 +The modem control lines are turned on or off, depending on
2338 2098 whether the bit for that mode is set or clear.
2339 -.RE
2340 -
2341 -.sp
2342 -.ne 2
2343 -.na
2344 -\fB\fBTIOCSPPS\fR\fR
2345 -.ad
2346 -.RS 16n
2347 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR that determines whether
2348 -pulse-per-second event handling is to be enabled (non-zero) or disabled (zero).
2099 +.It Dv TIOCSPPS
2100 +The argument is a pointer to an
2101 +.Vt int
2102 +that determines whether pulse-per-second event handling is to be enabled
2103 +(non-zero) or disabled (zero).
2349 2104 If a one-pulse-per-second reference clock is attached to the serial line's data
2350 -carrier detect input, the local system clock will be calibrated to it. A clock
2351 -with a high error, that is, a deviation of more than 25 microseconds per tick,
2352 -is ignored.
2353 -.RE
2354 -
2355 -.sp
2356 -.ne 2
2357 -.na
2358 -\fB\fBTIOCGPPS\fR\fR
2359 -.ad
2360 -.RS 16n
2361 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR, in which the state of the even
2362 -handling is returned. The \fBint\fR is set to a non-zero value if
2363 -pulse-per-second (PPS) handling has been enabled. Otherwise, it is set to zero.
2364 -.RE
2365 -
2366 -.sp
2367 -.ne 2
2368 -.na
2369 -\fB\fBTIOCGSOFTCAR\fR\fR
2370 -.ad
2371 -.RS 16n
2372 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR whose value is \fB1\fR or \fB0\fR,
2105 +carrier detect input, the local system clock will be calibrated to it.
2106 +A clock with a high error, that is, a deviation of more than 25 microseconds
2107 +per tick, is ignored.
2108 +.It Dv TIOCGPPS
2109 +The argument is a pointer to an
2110 +.Vt int ,
2111 +in which the state of the even handling is returned.
2112 +The
2113 +.Vt int
2114 +is set to a non-zero value if pulse-per-second (PPS) handling has been enabled.
2115 +Otherwise, it is set to zero.
2116 +.It Dv TIOCGSOFTCAR
2117 +The argument is a pointer to an
2118 +.Vt int
2119 +whose value is
2120 +.Sy 1
2121 +or
2122 +.Sy 0 ,
2373 2123 depending on whether the software carrier detect is turned on or off.
2374 -.RE
2375 -
2376 -.sp
2377 -.ne 2
2378 -.na
2379 -\fB\fBTIOCSSOFTCAR\fR\fR
2380 -.ad
2381 -.RS 16n
2382 -The argument is a pointer to an \fBint\fR whose value is \fB1\fR or \fB0\fR.
2383 -The value of the integer should be \fB0\fR to turn off software carrier, or
2384 -\fB1\fR to turn it on.
2385 -.RE
2386 -
2387 -.sp
2388 -.ne 2
2389 -.na
2390 -\fB\fBTIOCGPPSEV\fR\fR
2391 -.ad
2392 -.RS 16n
2393 -The argument is a pointer to a \fBstruct\fR \fBppsclockev\fR. This structure
2394 -contains the following members:
2395 -.sp
2396 -.in +2
2397 -.nf
2124 +.It Dv TIOCSSOFTCAR
2125 +The argument is a pointer to an
2126 +.Vt int
2127 +whose value is
2128 +.Sy 1
2129 +or
2130 +.Sy 0 .
2131 +The value of the integer should be
2132 +.Sy 0
2133 +to turn off software carrier, or
2134 +.Sy 1
2135 +to turn it on.
2136 +.It Dv TIOCGPPSEV
2137 +The argument is a pointer to a
2138 +.Vt "struct ppsclockev" .
2139 +This structure contains the following members:
2140 +.Bd -literal -offset 2n
2398 2141 struct timeval tv;
2399 2142 uint32_t serial;
2400 -.fi
2401 -.in -2
2402 -
2403 -"tv" is the system clock timestamp when the event (pulse on the \fBDCD\fR pin)
2404 -occurred. "serial" is the ordinal of the event, which each consecutive event
2405 -being assigned the next ordinal. The first event registered gets a "serial"
2406 -value of \fB1\fR. The \fBTIOCGPPSEV\fR returns the last event registered;
2407 -multiple calls will persistently return the same event until a new one is
2408 -registered. In addition to time stamping and saving the event, if it is of
2143 +.Ed
2144 +.Pp
2145 +.Fa tv
2146 +is the system clock timestamp when the event (pulse on the
2147 +.Sy DCD
2148 +pin) occurred.
2149 +.Fa serial
2150 +is the ordinal of the event, which each consecutive event
2151 +being assigned the next ordinal.
2152 +The first event registered gets a
2153 +.Fa serial
2154 +value of
2155 +.Sy 1 .
2156 +The
2157 +.Dv TIOCGPPSEV
2158 +returns the last event registered; multiple calls will persistently return the
2159 +same event until a new one is registered.
2160 +In addition to time stamping and saving the event, if it is of
2409 2161 one-second period and of consistently high accuracy, the local system clock
2410 2162 will automatically calibrate to it.
2411 -.RE
2412 -
2413 -.SH FILES
2414 -.LP
2415 -Files in or under /\fBdev\fR
2416 -.SH SEE ALSO
2417 -.LP
2418 -\fBstty\fR(1), \fBfork\fR(2), \fBgetpgid\fR(2), \fBgetsid\fR(2),
2419 -\fBioctl\fR(2), \fBsetsid\fR(2), \fBsigaction\fR(2), \fBsignal\fR(3C),
2420 -\fBtcsetpgrp\fR(3C), \fBtermios\fR(3C), \fBsignal.h\fR(3HEAD),
2421 -\fBstreamio\fR(7I)
2163 +.El
2164 +.Sh FILES
2165 +Files in or under
2166 +.Pa /dev
2167 +.Sh SEE ALSO
2168 +.Xr stty 1 ,
2169 +.Xr fork 2 ,
2170 +.Xr getpgid 2 ,
2171 +.Xr getsid 2 ,
2172 +.Xr ioctl 2 ,
2173 +.Xr setsid 2 ,
2174 +.Xr sigaction 2 ,
2175 +.Xr signal 3C ,
2176 +.Xr tcsetpgrp 3C ,
2177 +.Xr termios 3C ,
2178 +.Xr signal.h 3HEAD ,
2179 +.Xr streamio 7I
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